1 Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management 1 Ljubljana – November - 2008 Design, Construction and Maintenance of Large Dams Gerald Zenz Graz University of Technology Contributors - Dam Surveillance Practice from Kaprun Seminar: P.Obernhuber; P.Schöberl; R.Melbinger; Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management 2 Ljubljana – November - 2008 Design, Construction and Maintenance of Large Dams Dam Safety in Austria Authorization Procedure Multilevel Principle Obligation of the Owner Dam Safety Engineer Dam Attendant Safety During Operation / Surveillance Annual Inspection Five Year Assessment Austrian Commission on Dams Aspects of Visual Inspections
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20051
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Design, Construction and Maintenance of Large Dams
Gerald ZenzGraz University of Technology
Contributors - Dam Surveillance Practice from Kaprun Seminar:P.Obernhuber; P.Schöberl; R.Melbinger;
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20052
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Design, Construction and Maintenance of Large Dams
Dam Safety in AustriaAuthorization ProcedureMultilevel PrincipleObligation of the Owner
Dam Safety EngineerDam Attendant
Safety During Operation / SurveillanceAnnual InspectionFive Year AssessmentAustrian Commission on DamsAspects of Visual Inspections
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20053
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Design, Construction and Maintenance
Contributors to Dam Surveillance Practice from Kaprun Seminar:P.Obernhuber; P.Schöberl; R.Melbinger;
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20054
Ljubljana – November - 2008
MonitoringMeasurementsSurveillanceTesting
EmergencyDraw DownEmergency Plan
Design - ConstructionState of the ArtRegulationsDesign / Concept
AssessmentMaintenance
Dam Safety Seminar – Kaprun - 2005
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20056
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Authorization Procedure
Project
Construction
Impounding
Permission Construct
Observation
Permission Operation
Stat
e of
the
Art
Design Documents; Reports; Permission
Operation Surveillance
Certification for permitted operation
Construction Permission
Temp. Operation
Unrestricted Operation
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20057
Ljubljana – November - 2008
DAM SAFETY in AUSTRIA
2 Hazard Categories – H≤15m/I≤500.000m3
– H>15m/I>500.000m3 → special check proceduresPublic Safety and Rights of Third Parties protected by the Water LawHigh Safety Level required → Load scenarios with very low probability of
occurrence considered
Periodical „Safety Assessment“ stipulated by the Law
Awareness and Control of Residual Risk (Risk Management)Sound Engineering Judgement EXPERT – and Multilevel PRINCIPLE
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20058
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Maintenance, i.e. keep the plant in proper and safe condition, according to the license and to the State of the Art
Stick to the operation rules granted by the authority
Appoint a DAM SAFETY ENGINEER and the necessary deputies
Inform the population periodically regarding provisions made forincidents (H>15m, I>2 Mio m3)
Establish and steadily update a Dam file containing all relevantinformation on the dam
Obligation of the Owner
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.20059
Ljubljana – November - 2008
SAFETY
Des
ign
Con
stru
ctio
n
Emer
genc
y P
repa
redn
ess
Repair/Upgrading
MaintenanceDamage Limitation
Sur
veill
ance
acc.: Fed.Office for Water and Geology/Biel/CH
…in due time!
Sound Engineering Judgement
Competence to decide and
act
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200510
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Dam Safety during Operation
Surveillance
Continuously Safety checksAnnually Institutional AssessmentEvery five years Institutional Assessment
Design Documents; Permissions; Expert Statements; Instructions to Operate, …
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200511
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Continuous Surveillance
Automatic System: Boundary Values
Dam Attendant (DA): Visual, Measurement,Plausibility Check
Dam Safety Engineer(DSI): Plausibility Checks
ProgramVisual Inspection
Measurement Values
Dam File, Reports,Data Base
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200512
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Annual Inspection
Annual ReportStatement for safe dam
operation
Dam Safety Engineer SurveillanceEvaluation of MeasurementsSafety Assessment
Measurement Reports, Report of Dam Safety Engineer, Geologist, …
CompanyManagementEmployee
AuthorityFederalCentral Government
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200513
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Annual Reportwritten by the Dam Safety Engineer
Report:
General: Unusual Events, Data retrievedObservations: Conclusion of Observations
Measurements: Interpretation of behaviourConclusion: Safety Assessment
Attachements:
Inspection Reports, Geology, ..Display of measuremnts
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200514
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Load scenarios static, dynamic, hydraulic
System Characteristics design, condition, material properties
fissures, cracksappurtenant structuressurveillance system
System Behaviour deformations, seepage, uplift
Stake Holder Interests new arising public safety concerns
State of the Art new criteria, new calculation methods
CHANGES
DAM SAFETY = DYNAMIC PROCESS
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200515
Ljubljana – November - 2008
AUTH
ORIT
YD
AM O
WN
ER
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200516
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Five Year Assessment
Commission of Dams – independent Experts:Visual InspectionAssessment of Measurements, Comparision, Long Term BehaviourState of the ArtSafety Assessment
Written AssessmentPermission to operate,
Additional Requirements
Annual Reports, Five Year ReportDam File
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200517
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Austrian COMMISSION on DAMS
Established in the Fed. Min. of Agriculture, Forestry,Environment and Water Management
Experts of all dam related SciencesCheck of the Project in course of the Water Rights Procedure
mandatory if H>15m, I>500.000 m3mandatory if special/unusual methods of design/construction applied, or if difficult foundation conditions
Matters of general importance, fundamental questions (e.g. guidelines)
"Backbone" dam supervision (steady Subcommittee)
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200518
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Dam related GUIDELINES in AUSTRIA
Stability Assessment for Embankment DamsStability Assessment for Dams under Seismic LoadsDesign of Spillways
Resolutions of the Commission on Dams:– Requirements for the Dam Safety Engineer– Education of Personnel, Dam Safety Courses– Supervision on Minor Dams
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200519
Ljubljana – November - 2008
The DAM SAFETY ENGINEER
„Central Switchboard“ for all issues of dam safetynormal operationextraordinary events/incidents
Requirements (DSE+Deputies) Techn. Top Management Dam Expertfamiliar with the plantreliableappropriate Directive Power to take measuresappropriate availability
Comprehensive Liabilities regardg. Dam SupervisionComprehensive Liabilities as to Reporting
Annual Safety Report (Safety assessment)Approval by the Water Authority!!!
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200520
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Dam Surveillance – Structural Safety Assessment
Attendant
Dam Safety Engineer
Water Authority
Visual Inspection
Annual Inspection
Five Year Assessment
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200521
Ljubljana – November - 2008
upstream face (if visible),downstream face,crest cracks
flakingdamages in concretejointswet areassintering
concrete dams
Visual inspection - what ?
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200522
Ljubljana – November - 2008
inspection galleries cracksflakingdamages in concreteblock jointsconcreting jointsrock (if visible)pipes (grouting, drainage)wet areasleakagepercolation water
concrete dams
visual inspection - what ?
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200523
Ljubljana – November - 2008
block joint 7/9 block 19, annual joint
date: 13th October 1999, reservoir level: 1776,38m
Photo documentation - Schlegeis dam
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200524
Ljubljana – November - 2008
Schlegeis dam, block 2, radial inspection gallerydate: 29th May 2001, reservoir level 1722,29 m
crack leakage
Schlegeis dam, block 9, inspection gallery 3date: 28th May 2002, reservoir level 1723,65 m
Items of Visual Inspection
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Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
Professor Horst Cerjak, 19.12.200525
Ljubljana – November - 2008
surfaceleakages: wet areas
seepagespringssiltationvegetation
deformations: bulgingcrackingslidingsettlements
inspection galleriessee concrete dams
embankment dams
visual inspection - what ?
Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management