Describing Matter

Describing MatterChapter 1

What is Matter?

Anything that has mass or takes up space

Examples? Non-examples?

What is Chemistry?

Study of properties of matter and how matter changes

Substance or Not

Some types of matter are substances and others are not

Substances always have the same specific makeup and therefore properties.

Examples: Salt, Gold, Water Non-examples: Cookies, Gravel,

Computer

Properties of Matter

2 types:Physical and Chemical

Physical Properties

Characteristics of a pure substance that can be observed without changing the substance into an new substance.

Examples of Physical Properties Freezing point Hardness Texture Color Physical state (Pg 8 Activity) Conduct heat Magnetic

Chemical properties

Characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to turn into different substances.

Examples of Chemical Properties Burning Rusting Producing gasses Reactivity with water

Activity

List some characteristics of your item

Do you know what your item is? Is it a pure substance Label the characteristic as Physical

or Chemical

Elements

A pure substance that can not be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical meansEarth, Wind, Fire, Water

Elements

Elements are the simplest substances

Look on page 182-183 on the text List what elements you have heard

off List three that you have never heard

off

Assignment

Due Tuesday Bring in a sample of an element

Particles of Elements

Atom: basic partial of which all elements are made

Different elements have different properties because their atoms are different

When Atoms Combine

Chemical bond: A force of alteration between 2 atoms

Molecules: Groups of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Water (H2O) Oxygen (O2) Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Remember

All Matter is made up of Elements All Elements are Made up of Atoms

However, most elements are combined with other elements to make up substances

Activity

How many packaging peanuts can I fit into my mug?

Compounds

Pure substance made of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio

Water (H2O) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Combining elements changes their properties

Mixtures

Mixture: Made up of 2 or more substances that are together but not chemically bonded (no Ratio)

Salad Soil

Each substance keeps its individual properties

Types of Mixtures

Heterogeneous: you can see the different parts Soil, Salad, Pencil Case, Book Bag

Homogeneous: you can’t see the different parts Brass, Kool-Aid, Air

Solution

A homogeneous mixture

Compounds vs Mixtures

Compounds are difficult to separate Mixtures are easy to separate

Evaporation, Magnetism, Filtration

Group Quiz

Everything off your desk Sit on your desk After you answer a question sit in

your chair Be quit One question per student (2 points

each) Total grade is for everyone in the

class Every time a rule is broken (-1)

points

What is Matter, give an example and non-example.

What is a substance, give an example and a non-example

What is a physical property?

What is a chemical property?

Give 2 examples of a physical property and 2 examples of a chemical property

What is a pure substance that can not be broken down into any other substance by physical or chemical means called?

Give 10 different examples of elements

Different elements have different properties because there _________ are different.

What is a molecule and give 3 examples

What is a chemical bond?

What is a compound?

What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?

What are the 2 types of mixtures and give an example of each

What is a solution, give an example

What is your homework due on Tuesday?