Describing language and language skills

• 1. ICPNA- SANTYNAFor teacherssantyna

2. DESCRIBING LANGUAGE ANDLANGUAGE SKILLSCLASSROOM MANAGEMENTPLANNING LESSONSsantyna 3. DESCRIBINGLANGUAGEANDLANGUAGE SKILLSsantyna 4. GRAMMARELEMENTSOFLANGUAGELEXISPHONOLOGYFUNCTIONsantyna 5. PARTS OFSPEECHGRAMMATICALSTRUCTURESWORDFORMATIONGRAMMARsantyna 6. Eight Parts of SpeechNounsAdjectivesConjunctionsInterjections 7. Word that names A Person A Thing An Idea A Placesantyna 8. Kinds of NounsCommon NounsProper NounsSingular NounsPlural NounsSingular PossessivePlural Possessive 9. Kinds of NounsCount NounsNon count NounsCollective NounsCompound Nounssantyna 10. A word that expresses action orotherwise helps to make astatement.be verbs&tastefeelsoundlookappearbecomeseemgrowremainsantyna stay 11. asantyna 12. Kinds of Verbs Action verbs expressmental or physicalaction. Linking verbs make astatement byconnecting the subjectwith a word thatdescribes or explains it.He rode the horse veryfast.He has been sick.santyna 13. The pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns.It may stand for a person, place, thing, or idea.santyna 14. PERSONALPRONOUNsantynaPOSSESSIVEPRONOUNOBJECTPRONOUNREFLEXIVEPRONOUNPOSSESSIVEADJECTIVE 15. The pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns.It may stand for a person, place, thing, or idea.IndefinitePronounsanybodyeacheithernonesomeone, one, etc.santyna 16. Modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.Answers these questions:Did you lose your telephonebook?Is that a wool sweater?Just give me five minutes.santyna 17. Modifies or describesa verb, an adjective,or another adverb.Answers the questions:He ran quickly.She left yesterday.We went there.It was too hot!To what degree or how much?santyna 18. Interrogative Adverbsintroduce questionsHow did you break your leg?How often do yourun?Where did you put the mousetrap?santyna 19. A preposition introduces a noun or pronounor a phrase or clause functioning in the sentenceas a noun. The word or word group that thepreposition introduces is its object.They received a postcard from Bobby tellingabout his trip to Canada.santyna 20. The preposition never stands alone!object ofprepositionpreposition objectYou can press those leaves under glass.can have more than one objectsantyna 21. Some Common Prepositionsaboardaboutaboveacrossafteragainstalongamongaroundatbeforebehindbelowbeneathbesidebetweenbeyondbydownduringexceptforfrominintolikeofoffonoverpastsincethroughthroughouttotowardunderunderneathuntilupuponwithwithinwithoutsantyna 22. The conjunctionA conjunction is a word that joins words orgroups of words.orbutsantyna 23. The interjectionis an exclamatory word that expressesemotion.Goodness! What a cute baby!Wow! Look at that sunset!santyna 24. PARTS OFSPEECHGRAMMATICALSTRUCTURESWORDFORMATIONGRAMMARsantyna 25. GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURETERM FORM USEPastContinuoustenseHe was running *to describe atemporary actionin the pastPassive voice That building willbe destroyed*to show whathappens to peopleor thingssantyna 26. HOW WORDS ARE FORMEDTENSES PARTSOFVERBSTHEPLURALOFNOUNSPOSSESSIVES MAKENEWWORDSGOESFISHINGWENTHAVEHASBOOKSBOXESLEAF/LEAVESGIRL`SCHILDREN`SCAREFULFRIENDLYDISAPPEARsantyna 27. GRAMMARELEMENTSOFLANGUAGELEXISPHONOLOGYFUNCTIONsantyna 28. santynaNEWWORDAMAZEAMAZEDAMAZINGAMAZINGLYAMAZEMENTCOOKCOOKERCOOKERYCOOKINGCOOKEDUNCOOKED 29. HAIRBRUSHBROTHER IN-LAWDVD PLAYERCOMPOUNDWORDSAFFIX LEXISsantynaCOLLOCATIONANTONYMSSYNONYMSLEXICALSETSSUPER-RICHADMIRABLEHEAVY RAINTALL MANDO HOMEWORK FAST SLOWRICH POORBIG LARGECOUCH - SOFAFURNITUREMAMMALS 30. AFFIXPREFIXES SUFFIXESsantynaUnclearImperfectRewriteUnableIncorrectUltramodernIllnessBadlyUselessDoubtfulAffordableAbilityCOMPOUNDGreen cardTable lampSunglassesTelephone installer 31. Noun suffixes-ness-er / -or-ty / -ity-ance / -ence-ion-mentTEACH + ER CARE + LESSsantynaVerb suffixes-en-ise / -izeLENGTH + EN 32. Adjective prefixesIn- / im- / li- / ir-En- / em-Non-IM + PERSON ALsantynaNoun prefixesUn-Dis-DIS + ORDERVerb prefixesRe-RE + DO 33. COMPOUND WORDSROOT + ROOT Kitchen table Address book Telephone book Hairbrush ToothpasteNOUN+NOUN Black coffee LoudspeakerADJ+NOUN Regular exercisesantyna 34. COMPOUND WORDS Compound words are written in different ways:1.-as one wordarmchair sunflower sunglasses2.-with the words separated by a hyphen or bya space.Gear-change Fruit-cake Desk lampsantyna 35. COMPOUND ADJECTIVES1.- ADJECTIVE + NOUN+EDHIGH SPIRITEDKIND HEARTEDOPEN - MINDEDSTRONG. WILLED2.- ADVERB + VERBPAST PARTICIPLEHIGHLY RESPECTEDLITTLE - KNOWNWELL - EDUCATEDWELL - KNOWNWIDELY RECOGNIZED3.- ADJECTIVE + VERBADVERB present participleNOUNEASY - GOINGBREATH TAKINGWELL - MEANINGsantyna 36. COMPOUND CONTESTsantynaROOTPAPERBOOKCARDTABLEWORKNEWSPAPER, WALLPAPER, PAPERBACK,PAPER CLIP, PAPERWORK 37. COLLOCATIONrefers to the ways words are combined with eachother.TYPES OFCOLLOCATIONsantynaEXAMPLESADJECTIVE+NOUN LONG / LARGE LEGSHIGH / TALL BOYBIG / LARGE STOMACHVERB + NOUN DO / MAKE HOMEWORKGO / TAKE A BREAKGO BY / ON FOOT 38. EXERCISEARE THESE WORDS COMPOUNDS,COLLOCATIONS,WORDSWITH PREFIXES OR WORDS WITH SUFFIXES?santynaillness badlyuseless doubtfulafordable interestinga straight road a brilliant ideahard work extremely gratefula great idea a heavy subjectmicrowave compact disctoothbrush lampshadebottle top paper knifeImperfect unableincorrect impossibledisadvantage irresponsible 39. PHRASAL VERBSare made up of aone-syllable verbplus a particle.Turn onGive awayCheer upsantynaLEXICAL PHRASESare chunks of words orphrases that areunderstood as a unitwith a purpose.Have you heard the oneabout.?IDIOMSare a lexical item inwhich the meaning ofthe whole is nottransparent from itsparts.Green thumbPain in the neck 40. Im all ears.Bite your tongueDont be thin-skinnedIts raining dogs andcatssantynaTell the truthAssign responsibilityMake a budgetSo happyListen toShoe repairHair stylistTalent showDaydreamClassmateRun awayLook afterTake offPick upTake awayDo you think..?In my opinion..As a matter of fact..Come to think of it 41. COMPOUNDWORDSTYPESOFMULTI-WORDUNITSPHRASALVERBSLEXICALPHRASESIDIOMSsantyna*COMPOUND NOUNS*COMPOUND ADJECTIVES*COLLOCATIONSVERB + PARTICLEWHAT ON EARTH?WOULD YOU MIND?COULD YOU PLEASE.?TWO LEFT FEETFROG IN THE THROAT 42. SYNONYMSANTONYMSLEXICALSETSsantynaDIRTY FILTHYIMPORTANT SIGNIFICANTCRAZY NUTSFANTASTIC WONDERFULOBESE OVERWEIGHTTALL SHORTHAPPY SADDIRTY CLEANOLD NEWHOT COLDFOODSPORTSSCHOOL SUBJECTSAPPLIANCESMONEY 43. PRACTICEI want you to write a (1)list of ten things which(2)youlike. Do it(3)carefully. But dont talk to me or yoursister.(4)Ask me about any (5) difficult words you cantspell.(6)When you have finished,you can watchtelevision.santynaPARST OF SPEECHA conjunctionB prepositionC nounD adverbE pronounF verbG adjective 44. GRAMMARELEMENTSOFLANGUAGELEXISPHONOLOGYFUNCTIONsantyna 45. PHONOLOGYis the study ofthe soundfeaturesPhoneme.-smallestunit of sound withmeaning.Phonemic. Symbol.-represents only 1phoneme.Word stress Stressed syllable UnstressedsyllablesantynaSentencestressWord stressedIntonation You are cooking. You are cooking? You are cooking! 46. Vowelsbait father-batwear beer feet -bird wet bite boatfood foot -hot -bought about boy hut pig computer-pure- 47. Consonantshot -sit -tell -man -nut -dig -king -lit -shut -think -other -vision -chat -get -pet -run -vet -win -sing -zen -but -fig -yes -just - 48. Rules for third person / pluralsantyna/s/Voicedconsonants &vowels/b/ /d/ /g/ /l//m/ /n/ /r/ /v//z/Unvoicedconsonants/p/ /t/ /k/ /f//Iz/With sibilants/s/ /z/ClimbSingReadPlayPlantCakePaintCookLanguageDressWatchClose 49. RULES FOR REGULAR PASTsantyna/t/Voicelesssoundp/ /k/ /f/ /s//d/ Voicedconsonants &vowels/b/ /z/ /g/ /l//m/ /n/ /r/ /v//Id//t/ /d/ 50. Primary stress Tonic strongstress/tei. bl/ /hoU tel/Secondary stress Non-tonic strongstressSTRESS 51. STRESS to pronounce a word or syllable with greater forcethan other words in the same sentence or othersyllables in the same word.The meaning of a sentence often depends on stressand intonation.When 'insert' is a verb, the stress is on the secondsyllable,but when it is a noun, the stress is on the firstsyllable insert. 52. ConductContractContrastDesertExportImportInsultsantynaObjectPermitProduceProtestRebelRecordSubject 53. If the first part of thecompound isadjectival,the stress goeson the second element. If the first element is anoun, the stress goes onthe first element.LoudspeakerBad-temperedSecond-classThree-wheelerTypewriterSuitcaseTea-cupsunriseCOMPOUND WORDS 54. E L I S I ONdescribes the disappearence of a sound(unrealesed consonant)Could Doug take care of my pet tarantula? Can you ask Bob to sit behind Kate? I wonder if could borrow that book. Can you take it back to Greg tomorrow?Would you mind giving Albert some helpmoving that big bed? 55. LINKINGwhen two sounds meet,speakers often link them invarious ways. I need you to help us. Can you take apples and bananas? She and her sister like English a lot. What do you do to solve each problem? You can get a tv.station to run a story on it? 56. ASSIMILATIONthe process in which a sound changes because of theeffect of another sound next to it.1. DRESS SHOP2. HAS SHE3. ICE SHOP4. DID YOU5. COULD HAVE6. SHOULD HAVE7. NOT HAVE8. CUPBOARD9. TEN CARS10. TEN BOYS11. GOOD GIRL12. THAT KID13. COULD YOUsantyna 57. BLUEBIRD TREE HOUSE SUPERMARKET DRUGSTORE SHOPPING MALL HAIRBRUSH EASY-GOING BACKGROUND ICE CREAM WARM-HEARTED COLD-BLOODED THOUGHTPROVOKING SEAFOOD WASTEBASKET GOLD RING COOLHEADED STRONG WILLED 58. FUNCTIONSA FUNCTION IS A REASON WHY WECOMMUNICATE, WE HAVE A PURPOSE ORFUNCTION.APOLOGISING GREETING AGREEINGINVITING REFUSING THANKINGINTERRUPTING REPORTING ADVISINGCONTEXT EXPONENT FUNCTIONA girl meets poeple forthe first time.santynaThe girls says:Hello.My name is SantyIntroducing yourself.A customer doesntunderstand.The customer says:Sorry,what do youmean?Asking for clarification 59. PRACTICE TASKsantynaFUNCTIONSA describingB clarifyingC comparingD disagreeingE wishingF suggestingG speculating1. I dont think thats a very goodDidea.2. Its a beautiful place with a bigAriver.3. GHe might be able to,Im not sure.4.BWhat I mean is.5. Id really love to fly to the moon.E6. Theyre much older than theirCfriends. 60. LANGUAGE SKILLSRECEPTIVE PRODUCTIVELISTENINGREADINGsantynaSPEAKINGWRITING