Group: C DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
Group: C
DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
ECTOPARASITES
SULFUR
MALATHION
CROTAMITON
PREMETHRIN
LINDANE
SULPHUR
MALATHION
CROTAMITON
PREMITHRIN
LINDANE
Linadane is also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, (γ-HCH) is an organochlorine chemical variant of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticides and as a pharmaceutical treatment for lice and scabies.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:It exerts its parasiticidal action by being directly absorbed through the parasite's exoskeleton (primarily lice, or scabies) and their ova. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(1)) receptor/chloride is the primary site of action for lindane. Blockage of the GABA-gated chloride channel reduces neuronal inhibition, which leads to hyperexcitation of the central nervous system. This results in paralysis, convulsions, and death. Lindane has very low ovicidal activity.
PHARMACOKINETICSBIOAVAILABILITY 6 Hour
PROTEIN BINDING 90%
HALF LIFE 18 Hour
PHARMACODYNAMICSABSORPTION HIGHLY LIPOPHILLIC
METABOLISM LIVER
DIRECTION FOR USE: Lindane lotion is applied on the skin and leave for 8 hours then wash it away with lukewarm, soapy water. While apply on hairy scalp for 15 min and then wash it away with warm water.
DRUG INTERACTIONS: Lindane is contraindicated with drugs having oily base. Because oil base drugs can increases the absorption of
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
SEDATIVES
IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS
DRUGS CAUSING SEIZURES
TOXICITIES:
DEMELANIZINGAGENTS
Monobenzone
Hydroquinone
Mequinol
Methoxsalen
MONOBENZONE
MEQUINOL
HYDROQUINONE
METHOXSALEN :
VITILIGO
PSORIASIS
VITILIGO:Vitiligo is a condition in which a loss of cells that give color to the skin (melanocytes) results in smooth, white patches in the midst of normally pigmented skin.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
METHOXSALEN
Increases IL-1
Increases melanogen
Inc. melanin
Repigmentation of depigmented skin
DOSE:
Per oral :20mg with milk or food 2-4 hr before UV exposure
Topical:Apply 1% lotion to affected area 2 hour before UV exposure q3-7 days.
PSORIASIS: Normal skin cells mature and replace dead skin every 28-30 days. Psoriasis causes skin cells to mature in less than a week. Because the body can't shed old skin as rapidly as new cells are rising to the surface, raised patches of dead skin develop on the arms, back, chest, elbows, legs, nails, folds between the buttocks, and scalp.
psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious
disease characterized by inflamed lesions
covered with silvery-white
scabs of dead skin.
MECHANISM OF ACTION:METHOXSALEN INTERCALTES
WITH DNA
CYCLOBUTANE ADDUCTS FORMED WITH PYRIMIDINE BASES
INTERSTRAND CROSSLINKS FORMED
THEY INHIBIT DNA SYNTHESIS
SO THAT NO NEW CELLS ARE
FORMED BEFORE
SHEDDING OF PREVIOUSLY
FORMED CELLS.
DOSE:Take Per oral with milk or food 2hour before UVA exposure (q OD).Body weight guidelines:<30kg: 10 mg30-50kg : 20mg51-65 kg: 30mg66-80 kg: 40mg81-90 kg: 50 mg91-115 kg: 60mg>115 kg: 70mg
PHARMACOKINETICS:Half-life: 0.75 – 2.4 hourOnset of action: 1-2 hourDuration of action: 3-8 hourBioavailability: variable, enhanced by foodProtein bound: 75-91%Metabolism : hepaticExcretion: urineMetabolites: 8-hydroxypsoralen, glucuronide and sulphate conjugates.
REDDINING OF SKIN
Rash and itching of skin
Malaise
Leg cramps
depression
SIDE
EFFECTS
CONTRAINDICATIONS:medications that may make your skin sensitive to light (such as anthralin, coal tar, griseofulvin, phenothiazines like promethazine, sulfa antibiotics like sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, thiazide diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide, tetracycline antibiotics like doxycycline).