Department of Civil Department of Civil Engineering Engineering National Taiwan National Taiwan University University Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing from “Dominant Earthquake” for PBSD from “Dominant Earthquake” for PBSD C. H. Loh Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan J. F. Chai & W.Y. Jean National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan US-Taiwan Workshop on US-Taiwan Workshop on Liquefaction Liquefaction National Chiao Tung Univer National Chiao Tung Univer sity sity November 3-4, 2003 November 3-4, 2003
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Department of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University
Department of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University. US-Taiwan Workshop on Liquefaction. Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing from “Dominant Earthquake” for PBSD. C. H. Loh Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing from “Dominant Earthquake” for PBSDfrom “Dominant Earthquake” for PBSD
C. H. Loh Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
J. F. Chai & W.Y. JeanNational Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
US-Taiwan Workshop on LiquefactionUS-Taiwan Workshop on Liquefaction
National Chiao Tung UniversityNational Chiao Tung University
November 3-4, 2003November 3-4, 2003
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Deep Zone (Depth > 35 km)4 3.5 < M < 4.5 5 4.5 < M < 5.56 5.5 < M < 6.5 7 6.5 < M < 7.58 7.5 < M < 8.5
Shallow Zone (Depth < 35 km)4 3.5 < M < 4.5 5 4.5 < M < 5.56 5.5 < M < 6.5 7 6.5 < M < 7.58 7.5 < M < 8.5
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Generation of Uniform Hazard Accelerogram Representing from “Dominant Earthquake”
Identify Identify Dominant EarthquakeDominant Earthquakeusing Concept ofusing Concept of
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Chi-Chi Earthquake: Spectral Acceleration at T=0.3 sec
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Distribution of spectral acceleration (based on township Distribution of spectral acceleration (based on township unit)unit) at design level with return period of 2475 yearat design level with return period of 2475 year
DSS (T=0.3)
DS1 (T=1.0)
■ ︰ 1.0g■ ︰ 0.9g■ ︰ 0.8g■ ︰ 0.7g
■ ︰ 0.55g■ ︰ 0.50g■ ︰ 0.45g■ ︰ 0.40g
120 121
23
24
25
Longtitude(o)
La
titu
de
(o )
Epicenter
0 50 100-500
0
500
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-500
0
500
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-500
0
500
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
0 50 100-500
0
500
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-500
0
500
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-500
0
500
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
0 50 100-400
0
400
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-400
0
400
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-400
0
400
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
0 50 100-300
0
300
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-300
0
300
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-300
0
300
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
0 50 100-100
0
100
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-100
0
100
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-100
0
100
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
0 50 100-400
0
400
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
Synthesize
-400
0
400
Acc
(gal)
EW component
0 50 100-400
0
400
Time(sec)
Acc
(gal)
NS component
TCU052 TCU045
TCU129
KAU047
CHY028
TCU202
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
0 20 40 60-0.1
0
0.1
xj(t)
j=-3
0 0.5 1 1.5 20
0.5
1
1.5
Xj(f)
0 20 40 60-0.5
0
0.5
j=-2
0 0.5 1 1.5 20
0.5
1
1.5
0 20 40 60-0.5
0
0.5
j=-1
0 0.5 1 1.5 20
0.5
1
1.5
0 20 40 60-1
0
1
Time (sec)
j=0
0 0.5 1 1.5 20
0.5
1
1.5
Frequency (Hz)
0 20 40 60-0.5
0
0.5
xj(t)
j=1
0 1 2 3 4 50
0.5
1
Xj(f)
0 20 40 60-0.5
0
0.5
j=2
0 1 2 3 4 50
0.5
1
0 20 40 60-0.2
0
0.2
j=3
0 5 10 150
0.1
0.2
0 20 40 60-0.1
0
0.1
Time (sec)
j=4
0 5 10 15 200
0.05
0.1
Frequency (Hz)
ExampleExample
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
)(1)(
1
)( j
Rjj
tgr
)(
2)(
2
)( j
Rjj
tgr
)(
1
j )(
1
j )(
2
j )(
2
j
j= -3 26.57 0.131 9.31 0.177
j= -2 18.91 0.196 3.22 0.357
j= -1 7.86 0.411 3.73 0.349
j=0 1.92 0.730 0.70 0.729
j=1 3.34 0.588 4.01 0.289
j=2 6.28 0.432 6.49 0.167
j=3 3.97 0.546 9.94 0.068
j=4 3.64 0.559 2.07 0.448
)(
2
)(1
)(2
)(
)(1
)(
,
,j
j
RRM
RRMjj
tgr
jjtgr
120 121 122Longitude (E )
2 2
2 3
2 4
2 5
La
titu
de
(N
)
75 TREIRS Stations650 Free-Field Stations
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 100
100
200
Period(sec)
Sra
nd
ard
de
via
tion
[σtg
r](s
ec)
△ 200km △ 100km △ 50km
0
100
200
68101214
Ave
rag
e [μ
tgr]
(se
c)
△ 200km △ 100km △ 50km
Scale factor j
R=50kmR=25kmR=10km
R=50kmR=25kmR=10km
Average and Standard Deviation of tgr
)(
2
)(1
)(2
)(
)(1
)(
,
,j
j
RRM
RRMjj
tgr
jjtgr
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
40 60 80 12020
30
40
60
80100
j=-3
t g
r (sec)
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=-2
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=-1
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=0
R (km)
40 60 80 12020
30
40
60
80100
j=1
t g
r (sec)
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=2
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=3
R (km)40 60 80 120
20
30
40
60
80100
j=4
R (km)
40 60 80 12046
10
20304060
100
j=-3
t g
r (sec)
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=-2
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=-1
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=0
R (km)
40 60 80 12046
10
20304060
j=1
t g
r (sec)
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=2
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=3
R (km)40 60 80 120
46
10
20304060
j=4
R (km)
Example
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
0.0 0.5 1.0 1 .5 2.0 2 .5
T (sec )
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Sa(
g)
D e s ign (S 1 )
O rig in a l E Q (T yp e1 )
C a m p atia b le E Q
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60Tim e(sec)
-500
-250
0
25 0
50 0
Gro
und
Mot
ion
(g) Type1
O rig inal EQ
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
T im e(sec)
-500
-250
0
250
500
Gro
und
Mot
ion
(g) Type1
C am patiable EQ
Original Ground Motion
Spectrum-consistent Ground Motion
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
0 .0 0.5 1 .0 1 .5 2.0 2 .5
T(sec)
0 .0
0 .5
1.0
1 .5
Sa(
g)
D e sign(S 1)
O rig ina l E Q (Type3)
C a m patiab le E Q
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
T im e(sec)
-500
-250
0
250
500
Gro
und
Mot
ion
(g)
Type3
O rigina l E Q
0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 40 4 5 50 5 5 60
Tim e(sec)
-5 00
-2 50
0
2 50
5 00
Gro
und
Mot
ion
(g) Type3
Cam patiab le E Q
Original Ground Motion
Spectrum-consistent Ground Motion
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University
ConclusionsConclusions1. A Procedure for generating “Dominant Earthquake” grou
nd
motion was developed.
2. Regression equations are derived to model the group delay
time characteristics of earthquake motions observed
during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake,
3. The above method (including hazard-consistent
magnitude and distance, uniform hazard accelerogram)
can be applied to the liquefaction assessment in in
engineering problem,engineering problem,
4. The generated uniform hazard accelerogram representing 4. The generated uniform hazard accelerogram representing
from “Dominant Earthquake” can be used for PBSD,from “Dominant Earthquake” can be used for PBSD,
The End
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering National Taiwan UniversityNational Taiwan University