Heritage South Australia Newsletter September 2007 www.environment.sa.gov.au Department for Environment and Heritage Heritage South Australia Newsletter Edition 3 September 2007 ‘Heritage is one of our most important assets. It is both our inheritance and our future.’ Heritage Directions: A Future for Built Heritage in South Australia (Department for Environment and Heritage, 2003)
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Department for Environment and Heritage Heritage South Australia Newsletter · 2016-11-03 · Heritage South Australia Newsletter September 2007 Department for Environment and Heritage
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InMayIwasverypleasedtolaunchthe5thannualSchoolsHeritageCompetition.ThecompetitionthisyearhasaligneditselfwiththePostcardsTVshowandincludesanewawardcategory,the‘Postcards’award,whichofferswinningstudentsthechancetofashiontheirownPostcards-stylesegmentbasedontheircompetitionentry.SchoolsacrossthestatehaverespondedenthusiasticallytothethemeofHeritage Postcards: showcasing local placesandIlookforwardtoannouncingthewinnerslaterthisyear.
Hon Gail Gago MLC Minister for Environment and Conservation
HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Minister’sUpdate
3 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterSeptember2007
Minister’sUpdate MyFavouriteHeritagePlace(s)
Institute BuildingsInthedaysbeforefreelocalpubliclibrariesbecamecommon–Elizabethwasthefirstin1957-Institutes
The Gawler InstituteTheGawlerInstitutewasfoundedinOctober1857andmovedintoitsownbuildinginMurrayStreetin1871.Itremainedthereuntil1985whenitwassupersededbytheGawlerPublicLibrary,whichstilloccupiesthebuilding.
Gawler’sInstitutewasaparticularlyinnovativebody,sponsoringanationalsongcompetitionwhichledtothecompositionof‘TheSongofAustralia’(1859)andin1860aprizeforthebesthistoryofSouthAustralia,whichledHenryHusseytocompileahistoryofthethenyoungColonythatwaslateradaptedandusedbyEdwinHodderinhistwovolume The History of South
Australia from its foundation to the year of its jubilee:…(1893).
The Port Adelaide InstituteFoundedin1859atthethirdattempt,thePortAdelaideInstitutemovedintoitspurpose-builttwostoreybuildingin1876.ThesizeofthebuildingsuggeststheInstitute’sformersignificance.Itincorporatedreadingrooms,aresidenceforthelibrarian,abookbindery,whatisthoughttobethesecondpublicartgalleryintheColony(1880),andoneoftheearliestmuseums(1872).Aswellassustainingasubstantiallibrary,theInstitutealsoorganisedlectures,classesandothereducationalactivities.In1900ithadthemostsubscribersofanyInstitutelibraryoutsideofAdelaide.Itsgeneralmuseumbecameanauticalmuseumin1933,andwasbelievedtobetheoldestsuchmuseuminAustraliawhenitwasabsorbedintotheSAMaritimeMuseuminthe1980s.TheInstitutemovedoutin1959andthebuildingwasincorporatedintotheadjacentCustomHouseuntiltheCustomsvacatedbothbuildingsin1987.Itstillawaitsanewuse.
New web-based showcase of Heritage PlacesThisnewsectionontheDEHHeritagewebsitehighlightssomeofthesignificantbuiltandmaritimeheritagesitesinSouthAustralia.
�50th Anniversaries of ShipwrecksThe Phaeton,the Sultana andthe Koning Willem II
Threesmallwoodenvessels–thePhaeton,theSultanaandtheKoning Willem II-carriedsomeofthe20,000ChineseimmigrantsmakingtheirwaytotheVictoriangoldfieldsviaSouthAustraliatoavoidVictoria’s‘headtax’.TheywerelostoffthecoastnearRobewithinsixmonthsin1857.
South Australian Register,8July1857-reportingthelossoftheKoning William II
BeaconHouse(2007)
6 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterSeptember2007
HeritagePlaces
Many owners of heritage places take seriously their role as custodians of South Australia’s built heritage. In this article we talk to owners who are responsible for not just a single building, but a collection of heritage places.
Rhine Park Homestead Complex, Eden Valley
Home of the ‘Murray Merinos’RhinePark,atEdenValley,issignificantasoneoftheearliestsheepstudsinSouthAustralia.ThelandonwhichthehomesteadandrelatedbuildingsaresituatedwasgrantedtoJohnMurray,thefounderofthe‘MurrayMerinos’,inSeptember1857.
“… a ram bred the year after Mr Murray formed his flock took champion prize at the Adelaide Show, although imported rams were placed against it. This feat rather put South Australian flockmasters on their mettle, and several fresh importations were made, but Mr. Murray’s ram took the championship for six consecutive years.”
Current ownersBevanandPhoebeReynolds,ownersofRhineParksince1980,nowhaveresponsibilityfortheswagofState-heritagelistedbuildingsontheproperty,includingthehomestead,acottage,theformerstable,shearingshedandshearers’quarters.
Advisory Service supportAstheownerofaStateHeritagePlaceintheBarossaCouncilarea,BevanisabletoseekadvicethroughtheHeritageAdvisoryService,providedinthisregionbySamHoskingfromFlightpathArchitects.Theserviceprovidesforownerstoseekinformationandadviceforconservationworksanddevelopmentproposals.
Have you had the cement lecture yet?Thereisalsoaneedtobevigilantaboutrisingdamp.OnvisitingRhineParkforthefirsttime,DEHConservationArchitectElizabethLittle’sfirstquestiontoBevanwas:‘Haveyouhadthecementlectureyet?’referringtothecommon,well-intentioned,but
Expect the unexpectedAnunexpectedconservationchallengeisresultingfromtheeatinghabitsofthelocalwhitecockatoos.Thebirdsindustriouslyremovetheputtyaroundthewindows-Bevanhasre-puttiedthewindowsintheshearers’quartersforthreeyearsrunning.Chickenwirecurrentlyactsasadeterrent.
Heritage buildings need to be usedHeritageplacesarenotbestservedbybeing‘preservedinaspic’–anybuildingthatisusedismorelikelytobevaluedandlookedafter.Thepassageinthemainhouseisverywellused.Ithasdonedouble-dutyasacricketpitchforthegrandchildren;Bevanfigureshe’sreplacedeverywindowpaneinthevicinity.
Nor’West Bend Station Complex, CadellMostpeopledon’tsetouttobuyapieceofSouthAustralia’sheritage.Itseemsthatmoreoftentheystumbleuponitandthenfindthenotionirresistible.Atleastthat’showithappenedforKevinandSuePedderandNor’WestBend,awellknownlocalpastoralpropertynearMorgan.Havinggrownuponaruralpropertyherself,SueknewofNor’WestBendthroughafamilyconnectionandwascurioustoseeit.Inonevisitcuriosityturnedtoresolvetopurchasetheproperty.
Layer upon layer Asisthecasewithmostbuildingsthathavebeenoccupiedoveralongperiodoftime,theyhavefoundthatsuccessiveresidentshavelefttheirowntouches.Layersofwallpaperandpaintindicativeofdifferenterasandpersonaltasteshavebeeninvestigatedandrecorded.Ineveryroomthehistoryofthespacehasinformedtheapproachtointeriordecoration.Insomeinstanceswallshavebeenrepaperedorrepaintedwithcoloursanddesignsveryclosetotheoriginal.Andwherelimitedrecordsexist,ormorerecent,unsympathetic,additionshaveobscuredthesetting,Suehasskilfullyintroducedherowntouch,withapprovalfromtheHeritageBranch.Fireplacesthatwere‘groovedup’inthesixtieshavenowbeentoneddownsotheirimpactonthetraditionalsettingoftheplaceisreduced.
Keeping heritage significance intact does not mean freezing places in the past; a philosophy that has been embraced by these owners.
Imperfect and originalThePeddersareverycomfortablewiththeimperfectionsinherentinanoldbuilding,andhaveaskedthosewhohaveworkedonthehousetoresisttheurgetotryandmakestraighttheroughedgesandoddangles.TheyregardasafindtheScottishwallpapererwhoisusedtoplyinghistradeincenturies-oldScottishcastles,wheredealingwiththeirregularitiesfoundinolderstructuresissecondnature.
Built and maritime heritage places in parks help link visitors to South Australia’s rich cultural heritage.
In 2006/07 DEH spent almost $200,000 on conserving heritage places in parks around the State on a range of works:
Repairs and Restoration at Martindale Hall (Clare Valley)FewSouthAustralianswouldnotbefamiliarwiththisGeorgian-stylemansionsetonapastoralestateintheClareValley.MartindaleHall,togetherwiththecoachhouseandstables,wasbuiltandfurnishedforthesumof£36,000in1880.TheHallispresentedasa‘livingmuseum’whichprovidesthepublicwiththeopportunitytointeractcloselywiththebuildinganditsfittings,butalsoacceleratesthewearandtearonthephysicalfabricoftheplace–around25,000peoplevisitMartindaleHalleachyear.
Inneston Gypum Mining Complex site - Innes National Park (Yorke Peninsula)Significantastheremainsoftheonlyearly20thcenturygypsumminingcomplexandassociatedsettlementinSouthAustralia,InnestonsitswithintheInnesNationalPark.TheparkwasnamedafterWilliamRobertInnes,whodiscoveredcommercialquantitiesofgypsumintheareaintheearly1900s.GypsumistheprincipalrawmaterialforthemanufactureofPlasterofParis,usedforfinishinganddecoratingbuildinginteriors.Atfirsttherockgypsumwasquarriedandexported,butin1917asophisticatedplantwasbuilttowash,crushandcalcine(roast)thegypsumtoplasteronsite.Atitspeakinthe1920s,thePeninsulaPlasterCompanywasemploying70workersonayearroundbasis,andexporting300tonsofplasteraweek.
Ruins stabilised in Flinders Ranges National ParkBuiltin1854,HaywardHomesteadintheFlindersRangesNationalParkisoneofanumberofstructuresremainingthatprovidesevidenceofearlypastorallifeintheAroonaValley-onceknownasthe‘GardenoftheNorth’.AninterpretivesignatthehomesteaddepictsoneofthepaintingsHansHeysenpaintedduringhisstayintheareain1927.
For a list of State Heritage Places within South Australia’s park system, see www.parks.sa.gov.au/parks/heritage/index.htm
WillsHomestead,FlindersRangesNationalPark
�0 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterSeptember2007
Each year, funding to help conserve South Australia’s built heritage is available through the South Australian Heritage Fund Grants Program. In 2006/07, 59 projects to conserve State Heritage Places were assisted. Grants totaling $273,000 underlined the government’s commitment to assisting owners to care for South Australia’s Heritage Places.
Applications for grants are usually received between 1 April and 30 June (applications for 2007/08 are now closed). Work supported in 2006/07 included:
New roof for the Salem Baptist Church, Gumeracha TheSalemBaptistChurchinGumerachawasoneofthefirstBaptistChurchesbuiltinSouthAustralia(1846)andiscurrentlytheoldestBaptistChurchinthisStatecontinuouslyusedforsuchapurpose.ItisalsooneoftheearliestbuildingsconstructedintheGumerachaarea.SupportfromtheSAHeritageFundhelpedtore-roofandre-wirethechurch.Lyingdormantunderneaththeoldroofwasatimbershingleroof–ingoodcondition.Despitethis,itwasdecidedtokeeptheshinglescovered,primarilybecauseoftheriskfrombushfires.
Inside out conservation:Morgan Railway Station ThetownofMorganwasonceSouthAustralia’smostsignificantriverport,duetoitsconnectionbyrailtoAdelaide,viaKapunda.TheRailwayStationandResidenceissignificantforitsassociationwiththisimportantchapterinthehistoryofSouthAustraliaandtheRiverMurraytrade.
Keil House SmokehouseKeilHouseatBethanyishistoricallyimportantasaremnantfromthefirstsettlementoftheBarossaValley.Partiallycollapsed,thesmokehouseneededimmediateattention.Assistedbyagrantof$5000,theownersrebuilttherearofthebuildingincludingexternalandinternalwalls,roof,smoke-room,crackedchimneyandbaker’soven.Brickquoinsonallfourcornersofthebuildingwerealsorepairedandpavingaroundtheperimeterofthebuildingwasre-laidtoensureadequatedrainage.
KeilHousesmokehouseduringrestorationwork
Rebuiltwallofsmokehouse
Ovenafterconservation,KeilHousesmokehouse
2006/07 SA Heritage Fund Grant recipientsShops (Former Dwellings) Nth Adelaide-towardsthetreatmentofsaltattack&re-roofinganddocumentationofconservationworks-$5000
Public School Clubs Building, Sandford House, Adelaide -towardsthepreparationofaLandUseStudyandConservationManagementPlan-$5000
Beacon House (former MLC Building, Victoria Square) -towardsbathroomconservation-$5000
The Austral Hotel, Rundle St -towardsverandahandbalconyconservation-$5000
Salem Baptist Church, Gumeracha -towardsre-roofing-$5000
Hamley Bridge Institute -forthepreparationofanEngineer’sreportintocracking-$1980
Former Poonindie Mission, Port Lincoln -towardsaDilapidationStudy-$5,000
Gladstone Square, Port Augusta -towards‘PlacesforPeople’masterplan-$15000
Former G&R Wills Warehouse, Adelaide -towardsprovisionofindependentarchitecturaladvice-$5000
Former Beresford Arms Hotel, Adelaide -towardspreparationofanArchaeologyreport-$5000
�2 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterSeptember2007
There are seventeen State Heritage Areas in South Australia. Here we find out why a country lane and ad-jacent schoolhouse at Penola are together considered worthy to be one of them.
Penola (Petticoat Lane/Woods MacKillop Schoolhouse) State Heritage AreaThePenola(PetticoatLane/WoodsMacKillopSchoolhouse)StateHeritageArealinkstwoadjacentheritageprecincts.PetticoatLaneisasignificantexampleofa‘turnofthecentury’countrylanewhichdepictstheself-sufficiencyofearlySouthAustraliantownlife.TheWoodsMacKillopSchoolhouseisoneofthemostsignificantsitesassociatedwithBlessedMaryMacKillopandislinkedtothefoundingoftheJosephiteOrderandtheCatholiceducationsystem.
More about State Heritage AreasFormoreinformationaboutPenola(PetticoatLane/WoodsMacKillopSchoolhouse)andthesixteenotherSAStateHeritageAreasseehttp://www.stateheritageareas.sa.gov.au
The “Dos and Dont’s” of Salt DampOne of the most common problems faced by owners of masonry buildings in South Australia is salt damp, a combination of rising damp and salt attack. Older buildings and structures can be of additional concern, as they have had time to accumulate a build up of salts, brought into the masonry by capillary action through rising damp, falling damp, or penetrating damp.
Liz Little Senior Conservation Architect WiththankstoDavidYoung.
ThecurrentversionofRising Damp and Salt Attack(1995)isavailablefromhttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/pub_topic.html#damp_and_salt.Anewversionofthispublicationwillbeavailablein2008.
ELLIS, Russell Stuart, �9�2-�988AsoneofthepioneersofModernisminSouthAustralia,RussellSElliswasanimportantfigureinthestate’smid-twentiethcenturyarchitecturalhistory.A‘trulySouthAustralianArchitect’(CheshireandJohnson1987,p.47),hewasbornandraisedintheAdelaideseasidesuburbofSemaphore.HeundertookhisarchitecturaleducationattheSouthAustralianSchoolofMinesandIndustries(SchoolofMines),graduatingwithanArchitecturalDraughtsman’sCertificatein1934beforepractisinglocallyfornearlyfourdecades.AlthoughEllis’srepertoirewasexpansive,his‘forte’(CheshireandJohnson1987,p.49)hasbeendescribedasresidentialdesign‘inthetrueInternationalStyle’(DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage,DocketNo:16349).HewasresponsibleforsomeofthebestexamplesofModernhomesinSouthAustralia,includingtheStateheritagelistedWrightHouse(1947-53)inSpringfield.
In1945-46Ellisauthoredaseriesoftenarticlesforthelocal‘HomeMagazine’,South Australian Homes and Gardens. IntheseheoutlinedhisownphilosophyinrelationtotheIdealHomeandModernarchitecture.Aspectscoveredincludedfunctionalplanning,roofline,siting,orientation,naturalventilation,solarcontrol,selectionofconstructionmaterialsandtechniques,colourschemes,landscapesettingandgardendesign,andinteriordesign.ToEllisthedesignoftheidealhomewasbasedontheguidingprinciplethat:
ReferencesBird,LouiseRussell S Ellis Pioneer Modernist Architect,ArchitectureMuseumLLSSchoolofArchitecture,UniversityofSouthAustralia,2007.
Bird,LouiseRussell S Ellis: An Architectural Survey and Analysis of his Residential Designs,fellowshipreport,DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritageBuiltHeritageResearchFellowship2005/2006attheArchitectureMuseum,LLSSchoolofArchitecture,UniversityofSouthAustralia.
Cheshire,CarolandJohnson,DonaldLeslie‘RussellS.Ellis:SouthAustralianArchitectandMasterDraughtsman’,inPaulJohnson(ed),Fourth Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand,Adelaide,1987,pp.47-51.
Collins,SusanandCollins,JulieArchitectural Preludes: One Hundred Years of Student Drawings,Adelaide,ArchitectureMuseumLLSSchoolofArchitectureUniversityofSouthAustralia,2006.
Review of the Heritage Advisory ServiceThisyearmarks20yearssincetheHeritageAdvisoryService(HAS)commenced.In1987,thefirstadviserwasemployedthroughGovernmentfundingtohelpmanageheritageintheStateHeritageAreaofBurra.Now,withassistancefromStateGovernment,almosthalfofSouthAustralia’slocalcouncilshaveengagedtheprofessionalsupportofaHeritageAdviser.Areviewoftheserviceisalmostfinal,andwillidentifythebenefitstheservicebringstothecommunity,ownersofheritageplacesandtheshowcasingofbuiltheritage.Moreinthenextissueofthisnewsletter.
Heritage Branch StaffLiz Little hasbeenappointedtothepositionofSeniorConservationArchitect.Since
Jason Raupphascommencedinapart-timecapacityasMaritimeHeritageOfficerpendingthefull-timepermanentpositionbeingadvertised.Jasonalsoworksthreedays/weekasTechnicalOfficer,MaritimeArchaeology,atFlindersUniversity.
Ken BodypreviouslyaplannerwiththeHeritageBranch,isnowworkingasaplannerwiththeCityofUnley.
Stirring the Possum on HeritageADEHpublicforumheldon29Augustfocusedonbuiltheritage:GivingthePastaFuture-CelebratingHeritageArchitecture.KeynotespeakerVictorianarchitectKerstinThompsonobservedthatweshouldseeheritageasa‘gift’fromthepast,andthatheritageisnotalways‘nice’.Shealsomadethepointthatheritageisaboutmorethanstyle;itisaboutnetworksandrelationships,continuityandtransformation.
Theyaresupplementedbysomewell-reproducedhistoricphotos,someexquisitefullcolourimagesfromJEdnieBrown’sForest Flora of South Australia (1882-90),andasetofscene-settingessays.TheseincludeanintroductionbyEmeritusProfessorMichaelWilliams(onceoftheUniversityofAdelaide)andanextendedpiecebywell-knownlocalhistorianJudyMurdochon‘TheevolutionofSouthAustralia’slandlawsandGoyder’sinfluenceontheirshaping’.
•Contributions to submissions and responses to the Productivity Commission’s Inquiry into the Conservation of Australia’s Historic Heritage Places through the Heritage Chairs of Australia and New Zealand.ImportantlytheProductivityCommissionrecognisedthatheritageplacesprovideimportantculturalbenefitstothecommunity.TheHeritageCouncils’Chairs,however,didnotsupporttherecommendationsoftheCommissiononitsproposedtreatmentofconservationagreements.TodatetherehavebeennomajorchangesorrecommendationsbytheAustralianGovernmentfromtheCommission’swork.
•Progression of the recognition of the Adelaide Park Lands.AplacewhichhascapturedtheattentionoftheCouncilandisunderactiveconsiderationistheAdelaideParkLands.TheParkLandshaverightlyacapacitytogeneratepassionatedebatefromthecommunityonhowtheyshouldbebestrecognised,managed,developed,conservedandprotected.TheyareattheheartofdefiningAdelaide’sidentity.AnominationhasbeenconsideredbytheAustralianHeritageCouncilfortheNationalHeritageListandisbeforetheAustralianGovernmentfordecision.TheCouncilbelievesthattheParkLandsshouldberecognisedasaStateHeritageAreaandisawaitingthedecisionoftheAustralianGovernmentbeforedeterminingitsnextsteps.IntheinterimtheCouncilhashaddiscussionswiththeLordMayorasChairoftheAdelaideParkLandsAuthoritytopromotetheinclusionofconservationstrategiesinthemanagementplanscurrentlybeingadopted.
•Advocacy for the inclusion of built heritage targets in South Australia’s Strategic Plan.WhilstthecurrentplanhasnosuchtargetstheCouncilwillcontinuetolobbyforspecifictargetsandisoptimisticthatthedebateonlocalheritageamendmentstotheDevelopmentActmaypresentafurtheropportunitytoarguefortheimportanceoftheinclusionofthesetargets.
•Representation to Government to be consulted by Planning SA in the redrafting of the original Development (Local Heritage) Amendment Bill 2006.TheCouncilbelievesthatthisisanimportantinitiativethatwillguidethemanagementoflocalheritageplaces.
•Engagement with the development industrytoprovideanopportunityforopendiscoursetoidentifyissuesandopportunitiesarisingfromthatsectorsothatCouncilisfullyinformedtoprovideeffectiveadvicetotheMinister.
• Advocating to the Premier that a vision for heritage be articulated to commemorate 2036 (South Australia’s bicentenary) through a lead up event in 20�� (�75th anniversary).TheCouncilisdelightedthattherehasbeenanannouncementthat2011willbecelebratedandthattheHistoryTrustofSAwillprovidethelead.TheCouncilwillidentifysomesignatureprojectsforconsiderationtomarktheseanniversaries.
Australian Heritage ReportsThefollowingreportscanbeaccessedvialinksontheDEHHeritagewebsite’sAustralianandInternationalHeritageReportspagehttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/reports.html
Thoughts on the ‘When’ and ‘How’ of Government Historic Heritage Protection Research Report 1,AllenConsultingGroup,October2005
Valuing the Priceless: the Value of Historic Heritage in Australia Research Report 2,AllenConsultingGroup,November2005
Making Heritage Happen - Incentives & Policy Tools for Conserving our Historic Heritage,NationalIncentivesTaskforcefortheEnvironmentProtectionandHeritageCouncil(EPHC),April2004
Events
5 OctoberThe Adelaide Plains; an Environmental History – Colin HarrisHistoricalSocietyofSAInc.
5-�2 OctoberCity of Norwood Payneham & St Peters 2007 Cultural Heritage Festival: By DesignPublicforums(seebelow)featuringarchitect,urbandesignerandauthorProfessorSteffenLehmannwillbejustonepartofadiverseprogramofactivitiesandevents.
�2-�3 October Building a Cob House Workshop MilduraCobisanancientbuildingmaterialconsistingofclay,sand,straw,water,andearth;similartoadobe.PartofBobBennett’sfellowshipprogram,theworkshopaimstocovermanyaspectsofbuildingwithcob.
�9 OctoberTen Years on… The Great Lime Revival Conference MelbourneThisconferenceaimstobringtogetherpeoplewhoworkwithlimetodevelopideas,skillsandtechniquesinusinglime-basedandrelatedproducts.PresentedbytheInternationalSpecialisedSkillsInstitute
6-9 NovemberInterpretation Australia Association National Conference 2007 SydneyIAAisanationalorganisationdedicatedtotheadvancementoftheprofessionofheritageinterpretation.
28-30 NovemberState of Australian Cities National ConferenceAnopportunityforAustralianandinternationalacademicstoexploreurbanissuesinAustralia.Thepurposeoftheconferenceistoreportoncurrentresearchintoissuesofurbanandregionalsustainability,todiscusstheresearchwithpractitionersandpolicymakers,toidentifyresearchgapsandtoimproveourunderstandingofthestateofAustraliancities.
For State Heritage Places celebrating significant anniversaries this year – 50th, �00th, �25th and �50th to be specific – visit the Highlights of the South Australian Heritage Register web page http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/showcase_saregister.html#2007_anniversaries