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HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007www.environment.sa.gov.au
Department for Environment and Heritage
In this issue: JohnBartonHack&theManningCottages
BlackHillLodge
TheLodge,Stirling
GeorgePaech’sfarmhouse
SteamExchangeBrewery
GoolwaStateHeritageArea
2006SchoolsHeritageCompetition
WoolshedFlatChurch
BurraRegionalArtGallery
FrederickDancker
HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletter
Edition 30 March 2007
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2 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Minister’sUpdateDEHismourningthelossofavaluedandwell-respectedfriendandcolleaguewiththeunexpectedpassingofMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnott.TerrywasavaluedmemberoftheHeritageBranchwhowasheldinhighregardbyhiscolleaguesacrossgovernmentandacademiaforhissignificantcontributionstomaritimeheritageinSouthAustralia.
ManagerSueAveraylefttheHeritageBranchon2FebruarytotakeupapositionintheOfficeoftheChiefExecutive.IwouldliketothankSueforherleadershipoftheBranchoverthelasttwoyearsasshehassetthecoursetoachievethegoalsoutlinedintheGovernment’sHeritageDirectionsstrategytomanageheritageinSouthAustralia.Thepositionhasbeenadvertisednationally.IntheinterimitisbusinessasusualastheBranchcontinuesitsworkundertheverycapableguidanceofPrincipalHeritageOfficerBrianSamuels.
DEHhascontributedfinancialsupporttoaninnovativeheritageprojectinpartnershipwiththeAdelaideCityCounciltoconservetheformerBeresfordArmsInninGillesStreet.Thisimportantheritagebuildingisoneofthefewnon-governmentorreligiousbuildingswithinthecityremainingrelativelyintactfromtheearliestyearsofsettlement.
Onabroaderscale,thepracticalsideofheritageconservationreceivedaboostwiththeallocationofmorethan$244,000to54projectstorepairandrestoreStateHeritagePlacesacrossSouthAustralia.Fundsweredirectedtowardsconservationandstabilisationworks,particularlywheretheworkwillenhancethefinancialviabilityofaplace.
Thisissuealsoputsthespotlightonthetremendousvolunteereffortthatmaintainsmanyofourheritageplacesinthebestpossibleway–byusingthem.FromasmallbutmajesticchurchinahillsidepaddocknearRhyniewhichhostsanannualcarolsbycandlelightgathering,totheformerPostandTelegraphOfficeatBurrawhichin2006celebrateditstenthanniversaryastheBurraRegionalArtGallery,IwouldliketoacknowledgetheeffortsofpeopleinlocalcommunitieswhosogenerouslygiveoftheirtimeandexpertisetolookaftertheseplacesforallSouthAustralianstoenjoy.
Hon Gail Gago MLC Minister for Environment and Conservation
FrontCover:FormerWoolshedFlatWesleyanMethodistChurchnearRhynie,SA(1994).
HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterDepartmentforEnvironment
andHeritage
ISSN1443-9719
March 2007 Number 30
For further information please contact:
The Editor, Heritage South Australia Newsletter GPO Box 1047,
Adelaide, SA 5001
Telephone:(08)81244947 Facsimile: (08)81244980
Email:[email protected]
©DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage
AllrightsreservedFIS2716.07
Contents 3 Heritage Places
JohnBartonHack&theManningCottages
150thAnniversary-BlackHillLodge
TheLodge,Stirling
GeorgePaech’sfarmhouse
7 Adaptive Re-use
SteamExchangeBrewery
8 State Heritage Areas
Goolwa
9 2006 Schools Heritage
Competition
�0 Heritage Volunteers
WoolshedFlatChurch
BurraRegionalArtGallery
�2 Architects & Builders of SA - 3
FrederickDancker
�4 DEH Heritage News
�6 Heritage Bookshelf
Seeds of Change
�6 Events
Heritage Directions… the South Australian Government believes
that heritage considerations must be an integrated part of planning
the future of our urban and rural environments. However, protecting
heritage does not mean freezing the past. Nor does it mean the
indiscriminate conservation of anything old.
It is important that heritage is seen as living and constantly
evolving, co-existing with new developments, architectural
innovation and the
creation of modern amenities. Our heritage directions must
therefore be wisely mapped and carefully managed. Heritage
strategies and policies must provide a degree of certainty for the
community, property owners and developers. They must also protect
our valuable heritage assets at the same time as promoting good
urban character and facilitating sympathetic new development.
ExtractfromHeritage Directions: A Future for Built Heritage in
South Australia(DepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage,2003)
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3 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
John Barton Hack and the Portable Colonial Cottages of Henry
ManningJustoffPenningtonTerrace,twotimberbuildingscontinuetheadjacencytheyhavesharedforalmostonehundredandseventyyears.Theyspeakvolumesaboutthecircum-stancesofprocuringcolonialexpansionandtheprovisioningbysomeBritishemigrantsfortheirnewlife.
BoththeMeetingHouseoftheReligiousSocietyofFriends(Quakers)andWalkleyCottage(nowpartofStMark’sCollege)beganlifeonthefloorsoftheworkshopofHenryManningat251HighHolborninLondon.TheyalsoshareacommonlinkthroughassociationwithJohnBartonHack,Quaker,earlySouthAustralianimmigrantandanenthusiasticadvocateforManning’s‘portablecolonialcottages’.HebroughttwocottagestoSouthAustraliain1837inwhichtomorecomfortablyhousehisfamily.
Hackwouldhavebeenwellawareofcontemporaryreferencestothe‘greatbeautyintheirconstruction’.FurtherclaimsthatnosectionofaManningcottagewasheavierthanamanorboycouldcarry,andthattheLondonpriceof50poundswouldprovideatwo-roomedcottagethatcouldbequicklybuilt,wereborneoutbyHack’sexperienceswithhisowncottages.
On19February1837HackandhisfamilywerestillonboardtheshipfromEngland.Thematerialsforthetwocottageswereoffloadedandonthe21sttheywerehauledupthebeachtoasuitablesiteatGlenelg.Onthe22ndthefamilyspenttheirfirstnightinoneofthecottages.ObviouslypleasedwiththeperformanceoftheManningcottage,Hackproudlywrotehomerecordingthatbythe14thAprilhehadnotonlydismantledthecottage,butbroughtthematerialsofbothtothesiteofthenewCityanderectedthemtogethertoformafour-roomedhouse.
Thekeytothis‘portability’wastheessenceofmodernprefabrication,
wheredoor,windowandwallingunitswereeachofthesamedimension.Theywerelockedinplaceaspanelsbetweentopandbottomplatesandbetweenpostseachlocatedonastrictmodulargrid.Thecottageswereoriginallyroofedintarpaulinandtheonlytoolrequiredwasaspanner.
ThereislittledoubtthatHack’stestimonialsfromAdelaidecausedHenryWatson,hisbrother-in-law,toalsobringoutaManningcottage.InJune1839,WatsonrecordedputtinguphishouseinPenningtonTerrace.Hewassomewhatreluctantabouttheventure,observingthatgoodstoneandbrickhousesweretobehad.Despitethis,andhavingfrozeninwinterandalmost‘broiled’insummer,WatsonstillhadkindwordsforhisManningcottage(albeitencasedinbrickbytheendof1840).WatsonandHack,asbusinesspartners,weretryingtosellthecomponentsofaportablecottagemadebyoneofManning’srivalsfortheemigranttradeinprefabricatedbuildings.
…ItisoneofThompson’strumperyaffairs–IneverhearofanypersonbringingoneofT’shousesthatdoesnotruehisbargain–Manningisarespectabletradesmanandhisgoodsarenotake-in¹.
Withtheinevitablealterationsandadditions,muchofWatson’sManning
cottage,togetherwithitsdistinctivegabledroof,surviveasWalkleycottage.
Asitsslate-cladroofindicates,theFriends’MeetingHousewasneverdesignedtobeasportableasManning’smoreusualproducts.AlthoughitisreputedtohavebeenfirsterectedatLondon’sEastIndiaDocksasanadvertisementbyManningtointendingemigrants,thequalitiesofitsprefabricationwereutilisedmoretoprovideexpedientaccommodationthanforreasonsofportability.
HackwasonceagaininstrumentalinitspurchaseandactedasagentinSouthAustraliaforitsreceiptonsite.However,atthetimeofitsarrivalWatsonrecordedsomewhatruefullythattheFriendshadallgoneuptoMountBarkerandthat‘…hehadlittleexpectationofseeingasecondPennsylvaniahere.’
Itwasneverthelesserectedonitsintended(andpresent)sitein1840.Hackwasobviouslypleasedwiththeresult,recordingtheMeetingHouseasaveryhandsomebuilding;‘…Manninghasdonefulljusticetoit².’
TheFriends’MeetingHouseisoneofthemostsophisticatedofManning’sproductsknowntohavesurvived.Evenmoreamazingthanitssurvivalintactagainsttermitesorlossbyfire,isthesurvivalofitsprefabricatedfurniture.
HeritagePlaces
WalkleyCottage,NorthAdelaide(1979)
PaulStark
Quaker(SocietyofFriends)MeetingHouse,NorthAdelaide(2005)
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4 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Manninggenuinelyendeavouredtoprovidesystem-builtaccommodationthatwouldrespondwellinmostpartsofthethenBritishEmpire.Hecontinuedtofine-tunethespecificationofhiscottagesinthefifteenyearsofgreatestdemandforhisproducts(c1830-c1845),andalsoofferedtheapplicationofanti-combustiblepaintstoresistfireaswellaswashestocombatdry-rot.Hedidnotanticipatethevoraciousappetiteoftheantipodeantermitehowever.GFDashwoodisrecordedinhisout-letterbookasobserving
…thereisaninsectinthiscountrycalledtheWhiteAnt,which,onceitfindsitswayintowoodenedifices,literallyconsumesthemwholeinanincrediblyshortspaceoftime³.
ItisnotsurprisingthatthephysicalremainsofDashwood’sManningcottagewereneverfound.
Asterrestrialinstrumentsofsettlement,theportablecolonialcottageswere(forthosewhocouldaffordthem)agreatadvanceovertattyandfragilepugandcalico.Theyoccupyasignificantplaceinthehistoryofprefabrication.ItistestimonytothequalityofManning’sproductsthatahandfulofotherManningcottagesareknowntoexistelsewhereinSouthAustralia.Hisgoodswerecertainly‘notakein’.
Paul B Stark
Principal Conservation
ArchitectThisarticlewasderivedfromresearchundertakeninassociationwithProfessorGilbertHerbert,TechnionHaifa,Israel.
References:
1.StateLibraryofSA(SLSA)PRG456/1Out-lettersofHenryWatson,34-56(15-18December1839)
2.Portfolio8.86,FriendsLibrary,London(lettersofHacktoTGDarton)andSLSAPRG456/1Out-lettersofJohnBartonHack,1-17(14June1840)
3.SLSAPRG1044/1/3,Out-lettersofGFDashwood,(1October1846).
�50th Anniversary- Black Hill Lodge
Former Weirmaster’s House, Garage, Stone Channel & Dry-stone
Walling Ramp Black Hill Conservation Park, Gorge Road,
MontacuteAswatermanagementdominatesthepoliticalagendaandourgardenwateringregimes,itistopicaltonotethe150thanniversaryofadwellingassociatedwiththeschemethatsuppliedAdelaide’sfirstreticulatedwatersupply.
Thecollection,storageanddistributionoffreshwatertothecitywasamajorengineeringfeatthatincludedtheconstructionoftheTorrensGorgeWeirandtheThorndonParkReservoir.
Workonthecity’sfirstreservoir,atThorndonPark,andamasonryweirandheadworksintheTorrensGorge,beganin1857.Theseworkswereofficiallyopened4June1860bytheCommissionerofPublicWorks,AlexanderHay,wholaidthefoundationstoneofoneofthewingsofthenewweir.
Theweirmaster’scottagewasconstructedin1857asafirststageinthisproject.IntheReport
on Public Works(to30June1857),theCommissionerrecorded:
Acottage,whichwillberequiredasaresidenceforthepersoninchargeoftheweirandtheworksconnectedtherewith,hasbeenbuiltintheGorgeoftheTorrens,atacostof£480,andexpectedtobefinallycompletedinafewdays.
Thefive-roomedstonedwellingwasbuiltfortheweirmaster,whomaintainedandmonitoredthesupplyofwaterfromtheTorrensGorgeWeirtotheThorndonParkReservoir(andlatertoHopeValley).InitiallytheGorgeRoadendedatthishouse,whichwassituatedinanisolatedbushlandsetting.
In1975thehouseandlandwereincorporatedintotheBlackHillConservationPark.TheNationalParks&WildlifeServicemadesomechangestothetwo-storeybuildingin1984-85,whenpartoftheverandahwasenclosedtohousealaundry,toiletandbathroom,andtheoutdoorstairstotheupperstoreywerealsoenclosed.
Othersignificantstructuresincludethegarage(originallyastable)withsectionsofcobblestonefloorremaining;asteeprampsupportedbydry-stonewalling;andastonechannelbehindthehouse.
InAdelaide,pipedwatertoNorthTerrace,Rundle,PulteneyandFlindersStreetswasturnedonduringDecember1860.
TheThorndonParkReservoirsoonbecameinadequateforthegrowingcity,andtheconstructionofanewreservoir,atHopeValley,beganin1869.ThisprojectincludedraisingtheheightoftheTorrensGorgeWeirandtheconstructionofanopenaqueductfromtheweirtothenewreservoir.
Robyn Ashworth Senior Heritage Interpretation Officer
HeritagePlaces
BlackHillLodge,Montacute(1995)
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5 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Free Heritage AdviceHeritage advisers have a lot of local
knowledge and are a tremendous resource available free of charge to
owners of heritage places. Contact your Council to check whether
they employ an adviser and to make an appointment. Alternatively
the
DEH Heritage website lists Council areas with a Heritage
Advisory Service at http://www.heritage.sa.gov.au/advisory.html.
Owners of State Heritage Places in council areas without access to
a heritage advisory service may get free advice and guidance by
contacting the Heritage Branch on 8124 4960.
The Lodge – Stirling
Valerielovesoldthingsandthought‘TheLodge’lookedcute.Herhusbandthoughtitlookedlikealotofwork.Sixorsoyearsdownthetrackitisdifficulttoimaginetheoriginalrun-downcottagewithpurplepaintedfireplaces,‘nopowerorsewerageandsomeverysuspectwiring’.
Builtintheearly1880s,‘TheLodge’atStirlingisdesignatedasalocalheritageplace,whichmeansthatitislistedintheAdelaideHillsDevelopmentPlanasbeingoflocalheritagevalue.LocalheritageplacesaremanagedthroughtheprovisionsoftheDevelopment
Act 1993.
Servingasthegatehouseforthenearby‘Thorpe’estate,theLodgeisconsideredtoberepresentativeofthevarietyofoutbuildingsassociatedwiththelargesummerretreatsofnotedSouthAustralians,inthiscaseDrCharlesGosseandErnestAyers.
Theownershaveundertakenatop-to-toerestorationtogetherwithasensitiveextensionthatprovidesthemwithadditionalspaceincludinganewkitchenandbathroom.Alloftheworkhasbeenguidedbytheirdesiretobefaithfultothecharacteroftheoriginalcottage.
Althoughtheychosenottoreproducetheunappealingoriginalbrownpaintfinishtothewalls,theydidensuresomeoriginalpaintworkwaskeptbehindacupboardasanongoingrecord.
Thisattentiontodetailisexemplifiedintheworkundertakentoreproducetheoriginalfauxmarblingontwooftheslatefireplacesurrounds.Carefulstrippingbackofthe(purple)paintrevealedremnantsofagreen–blackmarblefinish.PainteranddecoratorGaryLancasterworkedfromthesmallscrapingtoachieveastrikingfinishclosetotheoriginal.
‘It’simportanttounderstandmarble’saidGary.‘Eachpieceisunique’.
Thefirststepwastocolourmatchthenewworktotheoriginalscraping.Aglazemadetoacentury-oldrecipewasthenapplied;theclouds,thenveins,werethencreated.Sablebushes,badgerhairsoftenersandgoosefeathershelpedachievethedesiredeffect.Pureturpsflickedbybrushontothecloudsrecreatedthe
porouslookofmarble.Finallyaclearvarnish,rubbeddowntogivenotonlythelookbutfeelofmarble,providedafinishsomewherebetweensatinandgloss.
LocalHeritageAdviserfortheAdelaideHills,MichaelQueale,saidthatitwasfortunatethattheoriginalstrippingofthefireplacehadbeendoneinsuchawaythattheevidenceofthemarblinghadnotbeendestroyed.
‘Alesscarefulapproachcouldeasilyhavetakenallthepaintoff,backtotheoriginalslate’saidMichael.
‘Anotherpitfalltowatchforisworkingfromtoosmallascraping–sometimesonlypartoftheeffecthasbeenrevealed’hecautioned.
Michaelalsopointedouthowitwascommonforthetimesforthegatekeeper’scottagetomimicthemuchgrandermainhouse,oftenconstructedatthesametimewithgoodqualitymaterialsandworkmanship,albeitonamuchsmallerscale.
Theownerswereluckyenoughtocomebyan1896photooftheirhouse.Thisimagehasbeenusedtorecreatethestyleofthefrontgarden,sansivy.
Noivyisagoodthing,accordingtoMichael.‘Typicalforlodges,butdisastrousforthebuildings’hesaid.
Originalphotoswerealsousedtoinformthedesignofanewfenceintheoriginalstyle.
Thenextchallengesfortheownersincludeliningthepointingtotheexternalwalls,installingafloorinthecellarandextendingthegarden.TheyarealsoonthelookoutforaworkingMettersstovetoinstallinthecellar.
Lyn Baxter
Public Communications Officer
‘TheLodge’circa2007
Restoredtoformerglory
Theoriginalmarblingeffectisrevealedontheleft-handside
HeritagePlaces
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6 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
George Paech’s Farmhouse c�854
HistoryPaechtownisauniqueGermansettlementoriginallyoffourhomesapproximatelythreekilometressoutheastofHahndorf.JohannGeorgePaechandhiswifeandsixchildrenarrivedinSouthAustraliaaboardCaptainHahn’sshiptheZebraattheendof1838.TheysettledinHahndorf.
Theoldestson,ChristianPaech,discoveredcopperoreatKanmantooin1845whichwentontobecometheSACompany’sKanmantooMine.Therewardhewasgivenforthisfindenabledhimtopurchasetheland.HesoldpartsharesofthislandtohisfatherandtwobrothersGottlobandJohannGeorgeJnrinOctober1853.ThissmallGermanfamilysettlementcametobeknownasPaechtown.Thefourfamiliesbuiltahomeeachallwithinastone’sthrowofeachother.Thehalf-timberedconstruction(orfachwerk)withthepanelsfilledinbybrick,ratherthanthemorecommonwattleanddaub,wasareflectionofthefamily’sincreasingprosperity.
JohannGeorgePaechJnr,(knownasGeorge),marriedJohannaHartmann(knownasHannah)intheHahndorf
LutheranChurchon4January1850,withPastorKavelofficiating.TheirhomeisthefirstontherightasyouenterthePaechtowncommunity.Thishomenowknownas‘GeorgePaech’sFarmhouse’istheonlyoriginalhomeremainingastheothersweredestroyedintheAshWednesdaybushfiresof1983.
GeorgeandJohannahadfivechildren-Wilhelm,Caroline,Hermann,AugustandBertha,whowiththeexceptionofWilhelmwereallbornatPaechtownbetween1856and1867.HannahdiedathomeinNovember1898andGeorgediedtherein1908.TheirsonAugustandhisfamilycontinuedtooccupythehouseformanyyears.
Original features
retainedThecurrentownersMartinandVirginiaGarepurchasedthepropertyinJanuary2004.
‘Wewereparticularlyattractedbythenumberoforiginalanduniquefeaturesthathavebeenretainedinthehouse,forexample,oldGermannewsprintisstillstucktotheceilingofthelargecellar;thehouseretainsoriginalandunusualdoorsanddoorlocks;individuallycodedredgumbeamsandoriginallargeslabredgumfloorsallhelpthehousetoretainasenseofwhatitfeelsliketohavelivedinafarmhouseinthe1850s’saidMartin.
‘Wefounditparticularlyquainttofindtheoriginaloutdoorbakingovenstillintact.Wehavealsodelightedinfindingolddetritusinthegarden–whilstgardeningIregularlyfindbitsofoldcrockeryandevenalargehorseshoefromadraughthorse’saidVirginia.
StillhiddeninthegardennexttotheroadaretheremainsofanoldwoodenwatertroughthatwouldhaveprovidedwaterforthepassinghorsesandcartsthatusedthePaechtownroutetoMtBarkertoavoidthesteepinclineofWindmillHill.
ThehousedesignisatypicalGermanfarmhousedesignwithasteeppitchedroofwithhalf-hipgables.Therearetwolotsoftworoomsplacedeithersideofahallwaykitchen.Thisallowedforevendistributionofheatthroughthehousefromthecentrallyplacedchimneys.Thelargeatticwouldhavebeenoriginallyusedasautilitarianstoragearea,butaswithmostofthesetypesoffarmhouseshasbeenconvertedintoatticbedrooms.Thelargetwo-room
cellarwouldhavebeenusedtostorethemeatsandsmallgoodspopularwithGermanfamilies.Originalracksmadefrombranchesarestillsuspendedfromthecellarceilingandwouldhavebeenusedtohangsmallgoodsandcheeses.
‘ApparentlyGeorgePaechkeptalargebeartrapinthecellarformanyyears.Whetherthisisareflectionofthepoorrelationswithhisneighboursorasignofthehighqualityofthesmallgoodsthatneededtobeprotectedfromthieves,wecanonlyguess’saidMartin.
Current
restorationThehousewasextensivelyrenovatedintheearly1970sbuttheGareshavecontinuedrestorationwithpainstakingattentiontotheretentionoforiginalfeatures.Evennewadditions,suchasadoublecarport,havebeenbuiltutilisingtraditionalconstructiontechniques(mortiseandtenonjoints,scarfjointsandwoodendowels).
‘WearefortunatetobeabletousetheexpertiseofmybrotherJustinwhoisaHeritageCarpenterandanObjectsConservator,aswellasmyfather’sextensiveexperienceinrenovatingoldhomes-MumandDadownaheritagelistedcottageincentralHahndorfwhichtheyrestoredfromastateofruin’saidMartin.
AnexampleofthelengthsMartinandVirginiahavegonetoinpreservingtheoriginalfeaturesincludescrapingbackbyhandathicklayerofshellacfromtheredgumfloorstopreserveandhighlighttheoriginalsurface.
Thereisevidencethatinthelate1800sthehousehada‘Victorianmakeover’includingtheinstallationofaVictorianfrontdoor.Hiddenundertheverandahisevidencethatthewholefaçadeofthehouseincludingthetimberworkwaspaintedandlinedtolookasifithadastraightbrickfaçade.
Atthesametimetheinternalwallsandtimberframeswereplasteredandwallpapered.
Theroofwasoriginallycoveredinthatchandthenwoodenshingleswhichwerelaterreplacedwithcorrugatediron.Theironwasremovedinthe1970sandreplacedwithcedarshingles.
Theoriginaloutdoorovenisstillingoodconditionandisahighlightofthebackyard.‘IbelievetheEnglishmethodofcookinginvolvedleavingthehot
HeritagePlaces
Theoriginaloutdoorovenisafeature(2006)
GeorgePaech’sFarmhouse(2006)
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7 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
SteamExchangeBrewery,Goolwa(Oct2006)
coalsinwhilstthefoodwascooking,whereastheGermanmethodentailedheatingtheoventothedesiredtemperatureandthenremovingthecoals.Itwouldthenbetheradiantheatstoredinthestoneandbricksthatwouldcookthefoodratherthanthedirectheatfromthecoals’saidMartin.
Onelocalhistorybookquotesfrominterviewswitholdresidents:
Toheattheoven,itwasfilledwithwoodusuallycollectedbytheboys.Afterallhadburnt,thehotasheswereremovedwithalonghandledtimberormetalscraper,andtheovenfloorcleanedwithawetragattachedtoastick.Todeterminethecorrecttemperature,flourwasthrownin–presumablythecolourationdeterminedthedesiredtemperature.Thisknackofdeterminingthecorrecttemperaturevariedbetweenhouseholds.Somehousewivescould‘feelit’,whereasothersjudgeditbythetimeittookforapieceofpapertoburn.(YoungG,HarmstorfI,BrasseL,MarsdenA[1981]).
ThePaechbrothersconductedafeudovermanyyears.ThesourceofthisconflictisnotknownbutthefactthatGeorgeandHannahdidnothaveagoodsupplyofwaterontheirblockandwereforcedtocultivatelandfurtheruptheroadforthefamily’svegetablesmayhavegeneratedtension.AcourtcaseresultedwhenoneofthePaechbrotherstiedanotherbehindahorsedragginghimthroughthemainstreetofHahndorf.(LuurFox1977).
‘FromwhatwehavereaditseemsthatGeorgewasthecrankyone’,saidVirginia.
Onelocalhistorianstatesrathersimply:‘Nodoubt,GeorgePaechmusthavebeenratheradifficultmantogetonwith’.
(Butler1982).
MartinandVirginia,theirsonAntonandtheirlovableIrishTerrierLucycontinuetoenjoynotjustthehomeanditshistorybutthesenseofcommunitythatexistsinPaechtown.Itseemsthatthecurrentresidentsenjoymuchmoreamicablerelationsthantheoriginalonesofthe1850s!
Martin GareSources:
Butler,RGeorge Hartmannof the
PrinceGeorge,InvestigatorPressPtyLtd,1982
LuurFox,A Hahndorf–A Brief look at the Town and its
History,FoxPublishing,1977
YoungG,HarmstorfI,BrasseL,MarsdenAHahndorf,A Survey carried out
for the Australian Heritage
Commission,Vol1,page154,TechsearchInc,1981
InearlyOctober2006theaptlynamed‘SteamExchangeBrewery’openedits(verylarge)doorsinthenewlyconservedandadaptedRailwayGoodsShed,nestledbetweentherailwaystationandthewharfshed,attheGoolwaWharf.
Thisopeningwastheculminationofmorethanayear’shardworktoconvertthetimberandironbuilding,originallyconstructedin1879,foruseasabrewery.Thebuildinghadtobere-cladandcleaned(imagineover125yearsofdustandgrime!),structuraltimbersreplaced(cockatooshadtakentheirtollononeparticularbeam),glassand
timberslidingdoorsconstructedtoreflecttheoriginaldesign(usingtheskillsoftheneighbouringGoolwaWoodenBoats),andamicro-breweryandbarfacilitiesinstalled.
Withthepreviousadaptationofthewharfshed,andnowthegoodsshed,visitorstotheGoolwaWharfcanexperienceauniqueblendingoftheoldwiththenew:paddlesteamersandsteamengines,boatbuildingandbrewing.
Formoreinformationvisithttp://www.steamexchange.com.au.
Sarah Laurence
Senior Heritage Officer
AdaptiveRe-useNew Brewery Opens in the Railway Goods Shed by the
Goolwa Wharf
HeritagePlaces
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8 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
In this extract from the State Heritage Areas of South Australia
website we look at the River Murray port of Goolwa, 83 kilometres
south-east of Adelaide. Located on the western shore of Lake
Alexandrina, on the waterway’s last bend before it enters the
Southern Ocean, the name Goolwa is thought to be an Aboriginal word
meaning ‘elbow’, which describes the river’s shape at this point as
it curves around Hindmarsh Island towards the Murray Mouth
Goolwa State Heritage
AreaTheGoolwaStateHeritageAreaencompassestheinnerpartoftheGoolwatownshipandincludesthewharfandtramwayprecinct,partofthetown’searlycommercialcoreandtheresidentialareatothesouth,knownas‘LittleScotland’.
SignificanceTheGoolwaStateHeritageArea,declaredon24September1987,acknowledgesthetown’ssignificanthistoryasoneofAustralia’sprincipalnineteenthcenturyriverports.
Duringitshey-day,fromthe1850stothe1880s,Goolwawasoneofthecountry’searliestandmostimportantRiverMurrayports.ItwasthesouthernterminusfortheMurray-DarlingBasin,andabustlingcentrefortransportandtradebetweenSouthAustraliaandtheeasterncolonies.
GoolwadevelopedastheMurray’slinkwiththesea.Cargoesofwoolandotherproducewereoff-loadedattheriverportandtransportedby(horse-drawn)railwaytobeexportedfromaseaportonEncounterBay-initiallyPortElliotandlaterVictorHarbor.Suppliesandpassengersalsotravelledthisroute.
Withtradeandtransportcameprosperity.Industriesdevelopedandthepopulationgrew.Significantly,GoolwawasthefirstAustralianriver
portthatengagedinshipbuildingandrepairs.PartoftheGoolwaStateHeritageArea’ssignificancerelatestothesurvivingbuildingsandotherelementsthatrepresentthetown’slinkstoinlanddevelopmentandmaritimecommerceinthenineteenthcentury.
Theuniquewharfandtramwayprecinctisofnationalsignificanceandiscomplementedbythewell-preservedpublicandcommercialbuildingsandresidentialcottagesoftherivertradeera.
Brief
HistoryGoolwa’sstoryincludestheregion’srecognisedsignificancefortheNgarrindjerripeopleofthelowerMurray,aswellasassociationswithexplorersCharlesSturtandColletBarker,butitisthetown’shistoryasoneofAustralia’smostimportantriverportsthatissignificantforitsdesignationasaStateHeritageArea.
FromtheearliestdaysofSouthAustralia’ssettlement,theMurraywasseenpotentiallyasAustralia’s‘Mississippi’,butthedangerousrivermouthhandicappedthedevelopmentofthisinlandtransportroute.Inthe1850s,followingthesuggestionofGovernorYoung,ahorse-drawnrailwaywasconstructedfromGoolwatoPortElliot.Thislineeffectivelylinkedriverportandseaport,limitingtheneedforvesselstonegotiatetheMurrayMouth.Publicworkswerealsocarriedoutatbothlocations,andincludedthewharfatGoolwa(1852).Theopeningoftheraillink(1854)wasthestimulusfortherivertradethatquicklydeveloped.
Fromthe1850stotheearly1880sGoolwamonopolisedSouthAustralia’s
rivertradewithVictoriaandNewSouthWales.
Theoriginalwharfwasextendedin1866andrebuiltin1874.Likeothercountrytowns,Goolwa’sindustriesincludedbreweries,asawmillandaflourmill,butalsoashipbuildingandrepairindustry.
TheopeningofarailwaylinefromMorgantoPortAdelaidein1878ledtoadwindlingofrivertradeontheMurray’slowerreaches.Goolwa’sprosperitydeclinedslowlyaftertheearly1880s,whenMorganquicklyeclipsedGoolwaasthebusiestriverportinSouthAustralia.Bytheturnofthecenturyshipbuildinghadvirtuallyceased,althoughsomemaintenanceworkwasstillcarriedout,andGoolwa’sprosperityasaportwasover.
Goolwasurvived,changingfromamajorriverporttoapopulartouristdestination.
FeaturesTheGoolwaStateHeritageAreaincludesnineplacesthatareStateHeritagePlacesenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegister,andwhichrelatetoGoolwa’sactivitiesasaprosperousriverportlinkedbyarailwaytoEncounterBay.
•Shop,2CadellStreet
•RailwayGoodsShed
•CorioHotel
•PoliceStationandCourthouse
•FormerAustralasianHotel
•FormerGoolwa-PortElliotRailwayHorseStables
•WharfComplex
•FormerRailwaySuperintendent’sHouse
•CockenzieHouse
StateHeritageAreas
Goolwawharfarea
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9 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Othersignificantfeatureswithintheprecinctinclude:
•asectionoftheoriginalGoolwa-PortElliottramwaycutting,excavatedin1852,andbelievedtobetheoldestsurvivingrailwayartefactinAustralia;
•theSoldiers’MemorialGardens,completedin1917onpartoftheoriginaltramwaycutting;
•theGoolwaHotel,theearlypartofwhichdatesfrom1853,andwhichisadornedwiththefigureheadoftheshipwreckedMozambique;
•thePostOffice,whichisreputedtoincorporatethe1854tramwaypassengerstation;
•thegroupofcottagesknownas‘LittleScotland’,someofwhichdatefromthe1860s;
•the1859CustomsHouse;and
•theCouncilChambersinCadellStreet,whichincorporatetheoriginalTownHall(1860)andwhichweremodernisedin1878and1907.
More on State Heritage
AreasFormoreinformationaboutGoolwaandthesixteenotherSAStateHeritageAreasseehttp://www.stateheritageareas.sa.gov.au
Robyn Ashworth Senior Heritage Interpretation Officer
FormerRailwaySuperintendent’sHouse,Goolwa
OutstandingandcommendedentriesinthefourthannualSchoolsHeritageCompetitionwerecelebratedatapresentationceremonyheldatStateheritage-listedSunnybraeFarmon31October.Thecompetitionagainattractedimpressiveentriesfromschoolsacrossthestatewiththe2006themebeingHeritage
Connections: links with our past.
Aconditionofthecompetitionisthatentriesmustbecomputergenerated,andeachyeartheinnovativeuseoftechnologycontinuestosurprise.RobynAshworth,SeniorHeritageInterpretationOfficerwiththeHeritageBranch,assembledapanelofjudgesforthedifficulttaskofchoosingthemostoutstandingentries,whichincludedaniMovieshowinghowtheRoyalAdelaideShowconnectsallSouthAustralians,apodcasttourofSemaphoreandLargsBay,andaPowerpointpresentationwheretheimageswereprintedonfabrictocreateaquilt.
In2006anewcategorywasestablishedtorecogniseanoutstandingclassprogramrelatedtotheSchoolsHeritageCompetitiontheme.Thecategoryhighlightstherangeofeducationaloutcomesassociatedwithparticipationinthecompetitionandacknowledgestheprocessratherthanthefinalproduct.WinnerswereBevTonkinandMikeShawfortheirworkwiththeCoromandelValleyPrimarySchoolYears1&2todeveloptheir‘Our
Past’entry.
Thewinningschoolsandentriescanbeviewedathttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/latest_news.html#2006_comp
In 2006 prizes were awarded to:
Mintaro Farrell Flat Primary SchoolPatches Of Past And Present
MostOutstandingEntryYearR-2
Melrose Primary SchoolFarming ‘Then & Now’
HighlyCommendedEntryYearR-3
Mundulla Primary School Clues To The Past
MostOutstandingEntryYear4-5
Loxton Lutheran School The 1956 Flood In Loxton
HighlyCommendedEntryYear4-5
Curramulka Primary School The Old Hospital
HighlyCommendedEntryYear4-5
North Haven Schools Royal Adelaide Show & Showgrounds:
Connecting All South Australians MostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
Keith Area School AMP ‘Wiles Huts’
MostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
North Haven Schools Semaphore & Largs Bay Heritage
Connections: A Podcast TourMostOutstandingEntryYear6-7
Curramulka Primary School Laighside
HighlyCommendedEntryYear6-7
Parndana Campus, KICE Tilka Hut MostOutstandingEntryYear8-10
2006SchoolsHeritageCompetition
BevTonkinandMikeShaw,winnersoftheinauguralTeachingHeritageAward,withtheirstudentsandSAHeritageCouncilmemberDrJudithBrine.
StudentsfromMintaroFarrellFlatPrimarySchoolshowpartoftheiraward-winningentry
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�0 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
HeritageVolunteers
Woolshed Flat Church near Rhynie, SA‘The church building with
its graveyard, exotic trees and iron gate, isolated on its acre of
ground amid wheatfields, form an evocative group, splendidly sited
on a rolling hillside. Although on a little-used road from Rhynie
to Balaklava, the church is an impressive landmark’.
(RegisterAssessmentReport,1988)
Almosttwentyyearslater,thankstotheworkofasmallbutdedicatedteamofvolunteers,thissimplelittlechurchcontinuestobe‘animpressivelandmark’.ItalsoactsasasignificantmarkerinearlySouthAustralianhistory.
TheformerWoolshedFlatWesleyanMethodistChurchhasalwaysbeenapartofBrianKemp’slife.Hehaslivedallhislifeinthefamilyhomeminutesdowntheroad,hisparentsandgrandparentsareburiedinthechurchcemetery,andthreeofhisfourdaughtershavechosentogetmarriedintheausteresandstonebuildingthatsitsonahillsidepaddockinthemidnorthcroppingbeltbetweenKapundaandClare.Hisyoungestdaughter’schristening(she’snow36)wasthelastchurchserviceheldthere,in1971,112yearsafteritsopening.
Heritage
significanceItperhapsnotsurprisingthatBriantakesanactiveinterestinitscare.Buildingsandstructuresaretangiblekeysthatcanhelpunlockpersonalmemoriesandcommunityhistories.Andalthoughit’spersonalfortheKempsandothersinthelocalcommunity,theWoolshedFlatChurchisalsoconsideredofheritagevaluetotheState,asanexampleofanearlyruralWesleyanChurchsitedamidwheatfieldsratherthaninatowntoservethefamiliesonnearbyfarms.ThechurchwasenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterasaStateHeritagePlacein1988.
TheBakersSpringsorRhynieareawastakenupunderoccupationallicencefrom1846onward.Atthattime,churchserviceswerebeingheldinwhatisnowtheKempfamilyhome.In1858Brian’sgreat-great-grandfather,JamesKemp,
donatedanacreoflandalongtheRhynie–Balaklavaroad,andseveraldrayloadsoflocallyquarriedstone,foraWesleyanchapelandburialground;asignificantgestureforthetimes.
Thechurchopenedin1859.Thereisnownovisibleevidenceofanadjacentschoolbuildingwhichopenedinabout1864andclosedin1884whenapermanentschoolwasbuiltinRhynie.Regularservicesinthechurchceasedinthe1970sbutfamiliesofpeopleburiedinthecemeterywerekeentolookafterthechurchandcemetery,sotheyformedanincorporatedgroupandpurchasedthepropertyfromtheUnitingChurchinthe1990s.
Thisgroupworkswithoutfusstopreservethissimplestructure,whiletheoccasionalweddingandannualcarolsnightservetogatherthelocalcommunitybacktothechurch.‘Andasthereisnoelectricity,ittrulyiscarolsbycandlelight’saysBrian.
Stories from the
pastBriancanalsotellstoriesofmuchearliertimesatthechurch.‘Apparentlypewswererentedtofamiliestohelpraisefundsandnotsurprisingly,familieswerequiteproprietalaboutthem.Astoryistoldaboutthegentlemenwhodecidedafistfightafterchurchwasthebestwaytosettleadisputeoversittinginsomeoneelse’spew’.
TalestoldbymembersofthecongregationovertheyearsincludememoriesofMondaynightteameetings,whenthewomenwouldbringtheirwickerbasketsfilledwithtriflesandcakesandslicedmuttonandpicklessetoutontheirbestchinaplates.Theteawouldbemadefromwaterboiledinthecoppersstandingintheyard,andgamesforthechildrenwouldbeenjoyedbeforeponieswerereharnessedandplacedinthetrapsforthereturntriphome.
Heritage
adviceAndrewStevens,theHeritageAdviserfortheClareandGilbertValleys,hasbeenonhandtoadviseandguidetheworkofthechurch’svolunteercaretakers.Heremarksthat‘thechurchissitedinamagnificentposition,anditslocationreallybringshomethestrugglesandcommitmentoftheearlysettlersinthedistrict.
Theeffortsofthisgroupofvolunteersinmaintainingthebuildingandgroundsaretobecommended.’
AssistedbyagrantfromtheSouthAustralianHeritageFund,theroofhasbeenreplacedandpolycarbonatesheetinginstalledovertheslenderlancetwindowstoprotecttheclearlozenge-panedleadlights.BrianandhiswifeMaureenkeepthegrasscutandtheweedsatbay,andlocalsarehappytopitchinfortheoccasionalworkingbee.
Volunteer
commitmentOut-of-townerswithrelativesburiedinthechurchgraveyardoftenexpresstheirgratitudetotheKempsfortheirroleinlookingafterthechurchandsurrounds.Oneperson,pleasedtohavelocatedalong-lostcousininthecemeteryandnoticingthattherainwatertankwasrustedout,contactedBrianofferingtoorganiseareplacement.
Anichewallforcrematedremainshasbeenbuiltinthegroundsofthechurchinmorerecenttimes,whichhelpstokeepthehistoricchurchandcemeteryrelevantandviableintothefuture.
GiventhecommitmentoftheWoolshedFlatChurchvolunteersitseemsthatthechurchislikelytobeenjoyedforsometimeyet,andwillcontinuetostandasareminderofasignificantaspectofSouthAustralia’searlyhistory.
Lyn Baxter Public Communications OfficerReference:
‘AlittlebitofthehistoryoftheWoolshedsWesleyanChurch.’(UndatedtypescriptheldbyB&MKemp,Rhynie)
BrianKemp
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�� HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
BrianKemp
Burra Regional Art Gallery (former Burra Post and Telegraph
Office)DrivingintothemainstreetofBurraitisobviousthatthisisacommunitythatvaluesitsheritage.Thevibrancyofthetownshipisenhancedbytheheritagebuildings,manyofwhichhavefoundongoinguses-includingtheBurraRegionalArtGallery.
TheBurraRegionalArtGallerystartedlifeinthe1860sasaTelegraphStationandPostOfficeamidtheusualcontroversyassociatedwithmajordevelopments:
ThesuggestionthattheofficesoftheTelegraphandPostmasteraretobeamalgamatedisworthyofnotice.Alsothemostscrupulouscareshouldbetakenintheselectionofattendants.Inallsmallcommunitiesthereismoregossipthannecessary,whichoughttobeespeciallyguardedagainst.Hence,inEngland,theboysofRugbySchool(deafanddumb)aresoughtfortelegraphclerks.(ExtractfromaletterbyColonistintheSA
Register,22January1861).
SuchconcernsareclearlyathingofthepastandthecommunityofBurraisbenefitingfromanumberof
‘urbanites’whohavemadeamovetothetown.ForPeterHarveythedecisiontorelocatetoBurrawasmaderatherabruptlyoneweekendwiththespontaneouspurchaseofahouse.After10years,theinstantattractionforBurrahasn’twaned,andPeterhasenjoyedhisroleasChairmanoftheBurraRegionalArtGallery-BRAGasPeterproudlypointsout.
TheGalleryisatestamenttothehardworkofthelocalvolunteerswhohadtheforesighttoimagineaviableusefortheneglectedPostandTelegraphOfficewhichwasclosedinthe1960safter100yearsofvaluedservice.FollowingthepurchaseofthebuildingbytheLocalCouncil,thecommunityhasworkedtirelesslytopreserveandrestorethesite.
TheMcDouallStuartBoardoftheBurraArtGalleryIncorporatedisnamedforJohnMcDouallStuart,whoin1862telegraphedtoAdelaidefromtheBurraTelegraphOfficethenewsthathehadcompletedthefirstcrossingofthecontinentfromSouthtoNorth.
PeterandhisBoardaren’tdauntedbythehugetaskofrunningtheGallery,staffedsolelybyvolunteers.
Theycoordinatethe45activevolunteersandguideswhohelptoensurethatthegalleryisopensevendaysaweek.ThegallerystocksworksbylocalregionalartistsandincollaborationwithCountryArtsSAalsohoststravellingexhibitions.AhighlightisthepermanentdisplayoffouroriginalSTGilllandscapesofmid-nineteenthcenturyBurraretrievedfromunderthestageattheadjacentTownHallandrestoredbyArtlab.
TheformerBurraPostandTelegraphOfficewasenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterasaStateHeritagePlacein1981andlieswithintheboundariesoftheBurraStateHeritageArea,declaredin1993toacknowledgetheBurracoppermine’ssignificantcontributiontoSouthAustralia’searlyprosperityandthetown’slaterdevelopmentasamajorservicecentreforagricultureandpastoralismintheState’smid-north.FormoreinformationabouttheBurraStateHeritageAreaanditsmanyhistoricplacesindividuallyenteredintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegisterseetheStateHeritageAreaswebsitehttp://www.stateheritageareas.sa.gov.au
TheBurraStateHeritageAreabrochureproducedincollaborationwithDEHandtheGoyderRegionalCouncilisalsoavailableonlineathttp://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/pub.html
TheBurraRegionalArtGalleryislocatedat5MarketStreet,Burraandisopeneverydayfrom1-4pm,orbyappointment,telephone:88922411or0428-228-955
Jane Crosby Executive Officer, SA Heritage
CouncilBurraRegionalArtGallery(formerBurraPostandTelegraphOffice),2007
PeterHarvey,ChairmanoftheBurraRegionalArtGallery
HeritageVolunteers
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�2 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
DANCKER, Frederick William, �852 -
�936FrederickDanckerisprobablybestknownfordesigninglargeresidencesintheAdelaidesuburbs.ThepracticeofFrederickDanckercontinuedforoverseventyyearsbeingcarriedbyhisarchitectson,Eric.
FrederickWilliam(Wilhelm)DanckerispresumedtohavebeenborninMacclesfieldintheAdelaideHills,aswerehissiblings.HisGermanfatherandBritishmotherhadarrivedinSouthAustraliainthe1840sandweremarriedatBlakistonin1850.Thesecondoffivechildren,FrederickattendedaprivateschoolinAldingaand,inpursuitofhisdreamofbecominganavalarchitect,hesailedtoEnglandinanattempttogaintraininginthisfield.UnfortunatelythisprovedfruitlessandhereturnedtoAustraliatoundertakearchitecturaltraininginMelbourne.BackinAdelaideinthe1870shewasarticledtoDanielGarlick.DanckermarriedClaraAnnePhillippsandtheyhadthreechildren,ReginaldFritz(diedaged14),EricPhillippsandGladysClara.
Career
detailsDanckeropenedhisownarchitecturalofficein1880andworkedaloneuntil1905whenhetookhissonEricDanckerintothepractice.In1912oneofhiscontemporariesdescribedDanckeras‘anoldestablishedsteadygoinggentlemanwhohasagoodpracticeinbetterclassresidences’(JohnMonashwebsite).HeadmittedEricintopartnershipin1913andfromthattimeonwardstheypractisedasF.W.DanckerandSon.
DanckerwasaninauguralmemberoftheSouthAustralianInstituteofArchitectsformedin1886andjoinedthere-formedSAIAintheearly1920s.Hepractiseduntil1931when,afterbeinginjuredinanaccident,heretiredaged79.Danckerdiedin1936andEriccontinuedthepracticeuntilhisdeathin1953.
DanckerwrotearticlesonarchitectureformagazinessuchasSouth
Australian Homes and
Gardens.Hisbookcollectionshowstheextenttowhichhereadandeducatedhimselfonarchitectureandextensiveclippingsfilesdemonstratehisactiveinterestin
designideas.Thisinterestculminatedinthepublicationofhis1904bookModern
Dwellings: 100 Selected
Designswhichillustrateddesignsforhousesusingplans,elevationsandphotographs.Thebooksetouttoeducatethehomebuildingpublicandtohelpthem‘inconstructinganalmostidealplan’.
Design
approachDanckersawthestyleofabuildingasbeingachievedthroughits‘leadingfeatures’ofgables,towers,rooftreatment,baywindows,chimneys,andverandahsorbalconies.Whendiscussingwallshewroteofpleasingcombinationsofbrickandstonebeingfavoured.Thedesignsillustratedinthebookshowhousesrichwithornamentanddetailing.Yetdespitetheapparentpreoccupationwithornamenthisphilosophywassurprisinglymodern.ThebookdemonstratedDancker’sapproachtodesign:
Ourendeavouristoproducedesignswhoseonlyornamentiscomprisedinrefinementofthegracefullinesofstrictlyutilitarianfeatureswithoutassertiveattemptateffect,butalwayspleasinginitssubduednaturaltones,withoutdeceptioninmaterialnordisguiseinconstruction,butthroughouthonestlyindicatingitspurpose.
Healsogavepracticaladvicesuchas:‘Sacrificeallornamentratherthanrisksoundconstruction’.
InhisearlyyearsDanckerwasthearchitectformuchofWillyama(nowBrokenHill)inNewSouthWales.In1888hecalledfortendersfora40roomhotel,ahospitalandachurch.DanckerwaivedhisfeefortheSouthAdelaideCreche(nowdemolished),whichstoodinGougerStreet,Adelaide.Itopenedin1896andithasbeensuggestedthatthebuildingwasdesignedonthelinesofadoll’shouse,especiallysince‘Adoll’shouseownedbyDanckerwasondisplayattheopeningoftheCreche’(AHPI).TheCrecheprovidedofficespacefortheSecretary,livingaccommodationfortheMatronandadining/playroom,dormitoryandcotroombelow.
DanckeralsodesignedtheOurBoysInstitute,221WakefieldSt,Adelaide,theMacclesfieldInstitute,andtheQueen’sHomematernityhospital(laterrenamedtheQueenVictoriaHospital)atRosePark.ReligiousbuildingsincludedStPaul’sLutheranChurch,Hahndorf,MalvernUnitingChurchandaRectoryatMtBarker.
ArchitectsandBuildersofSouthAustralia-3
FormerOurBoysInstitute,221WakefieldSt,Adelaide(2007)
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�3 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Residential
workHishousedesignsincludeAdareatVictorHarbor,designedfortheCudmorefamilyandknownforits‘highqualityofdesignanddetailinganditsgrandscale’.ItisclaimedthatDanckerwasthefirsttointroduceturretroofsintoSouthAustralia(AHPI).InModern
Dwellingshesuggestedthat‘Ifpossible,havesomenovelandinterestingfeatureabouttheapproachwhichwillindividualizethatparticularhouse’.ThisapproachcanbeseeninAdareandAttunga,theformerresidencethatisnowpartofBurnsideMemorialHospital,whichhasprominentdecorationandaturret.ThelatterresidencewasillustratedwithaphotographandplaninModern
Dwellings.Danckerwasanadvocateofterra-cottatilesremarkingthat‘Ourgoodfriendcorrugatedironhashadagoodinnings’andstatingthatthebenefitsoftileswerethattheywerecooler,moredurableandsuperiorineffect.
AmonghisotherresidentialworkwasafinelydetailedandcraftedEnglishstyleTudorhouseatFitzroyTerrace,Thorngatebuiltin1912.TheEstateoffice,stonebridges,signsandlampstandardsatSpringfieldweredesignedbythepartnershipF.W.DanckerandSonArchitects,althoughthedesignerofthesewithintheofficewasE.P.Dancker.NotallofDancker’sresidentialworkwas
largeresidences.WritingabouthisownhouseatRoseParkhesaid:‘Forasmallfamilythearrangementofplanhasprovedmostconvenient,snuginwinterandeasilykeptcoolthroughspellsofhotweather’.In1929F.W.DanckerandSonwontheAdelaideWorkmen’sHomesTrustcompetitionfordesignsforcottagesatHiltonin1929inan‘ArtsandCraftspicturesquevernacularcottagestyle’.(McDougall1998,p.256)
CommercialworkbyDanckerincludedshopsinRundleStreetforMcDonaldsonandWalterandtheMetropolitanHotel,42-46GroteStreet.ItisalsoclaimedthatDanckerwasthefirstSouthAustralianarchitecttocallfortheconstructionofareinforcedconcretewallinabuilding(Advertiserobituary).Howeveritisprobablyhisresidentialworkforwhichhewillberemembered.
Julie
CollinsJulieCollinsisCollectionsManagerintheArchitectureMuseum,LouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesign,UniversityofSouthAustralia.ThisisaslightlycondensedversionofabiographyofF.W.DanckershepreparedforaDatabaseofSouthAustralianArchitectsandtheirWorksbeingcompiledthroughtheArchitectureMuseum.TheDatabaseprojectisfundedbytheSADepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritage
Sources:
Published
Dancker,F.W.Modern Dwellings: 100 Selected
Designs,Adelaide,1904.[AllquotesattributedtoDanckerarefromthisbook.]
‘DeathofMrF.W.Dancker.State’sOldestArchitect’,TheAdvertiser29.8.1936,p22
Jensen,ElfridaandJensen,RolfColonial Architecture in South
Australia: a definitive chronicle of development 1836-1890 and the
social history of the times,RigbyPublishersLtd.,Adelaide,1980.
Marsden,S.,Stark,P.andSumerling,P.Heritage of the City of
Adelaide: An illustrated
guide,CorporationoftheCityofAdelaide,Adelaide,1990.
Page,MichaelSculptors in Space,RAIA,Adelaide,1986.
McDougall,Katrina‘TheCommodityofAdelaideWorkmen’sHomes1890s-1930s’inFirm(ness)
commodity DE-light?: questioning the
canons,papersfromthe15thAnnualconferenceoftheSocietyofArchitecturalHistoriansAustraliaandNewZealand,Melbourne,Australia,September1998,pp.252-257.
Russell,AllisonLiberated: the Dancker Collection of
Architectural
Books,anexhibitionproducedbyFlindersArtMuseumandpresentedattheCampusGallery7thNovemberto10thFebruary1998,FlindersUniversityofSouthAustralia,Adelaide.
WilkinsonSandoandWylesLtd,Springfield: A Beautiful Setting for
beautiful homes protected by building
restrictions,nodate[c.1920s].
Unpublished
AustralianHeritagePlacesInventory(AHPI)website-entriesforAdareConferenceCentreandtheSouthAdelaideCreche
JohnMonash.Engineeringenterprisepriortohttp://www.home.vicnet.net.au/~aholgate/jm/bldgtext/bldgs16.html
RAIASouthAustraliaSignificant20thCenturyArchitecture(1986)cardindex.CopyheldatLouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesignArchitectureMuseum,UniversityofSouthAustralia.
‘Adare’,VictorHarbor(1893)ImagecourtesyofAnthonyLaube
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�4 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Farewell from Sue Averay, Heritage Branch Manager
Asmanyofyouwillalreadybeaware,IamleavingtheHeritageBranchratherearlierthanIthoughtwouldbethecaseinordertotakeupanirresistiblenewchallengeintheOfficeoftheChiefExecutive,DEHasofFebruary2007.
In2004,whenIcommencedintheroleofBranchManager,IidentifiedmyprioritiesasbeingtoreviewthewayinwhichtheworkoftheBranchisdoneandtostrengthenandextendthecapacityoftheBranchtodeliverontheinitiativesofHeritageDirections.Twoandahalfyearslater,Ileavewithanawarenessofmoreyettobedone,butalsowithasenseofmuchhavingbeenachievedsinceIbegan.
Thestaffareoutstandingpeoplewhosediversityofexperience,trainingandskillscoupledwiththeircommitmenttothecauseofheritageconservationisarichresource,whiletheethicofcontinuousimprovementisreflectedintheirconsistentevaluationoftheworktheydoandtheresultsitachieves.IhaveagreatdealofsatisfactionabouttheroleIwasabletoplayinfosteringandsupportingthem.
Bestofall,Ihaveafarbetterinformedawarenessofthepassionofmanyownersandtheircontribution,whichaugmentsandcomplementstheworkofgovernmentinprotectingthepast.Ialsoappreciatefarmorethecomplexityoftheissuesinvolvedinheritageconservationandthedelicacyofthenegotiationsrequiredinthebalancebetweentheneedsofthenowandtheneedsofthefuture.IintendtobeanadvocateforthisimportantworkwhereverIgo.
Funds to care for State’s
HeritageInNovember2006,EnvironmentandConservationMinister,GailGagoannouncedfundingofmorethan$244,000for54projectsacrossthestatetorepairandrestoreheritageplaces.Fundsweredirectedtowardsconservationandstabilisationworks,particularlywheretheworkwillenhancethefinancialviabilityof
aplace.Fordetailsaboutprojectssupportedin2006/07seehttp://www.heritage.sa.gov.au/grantsawards.html.
KeepaneyeonthiswebpageforinformationaboutthenextroundofSAHeritageFundgrants.
Heritage South Australia E-News
launched.Anewmonthlye-newsletter,launchedon8FebruaryandpublishedbytheDEHHeritageBranch,aimstodelivernewsandinformationabouteventstopeopleinvolvedinlookingafterSouthAustralia’sbuiltandmaritimeheritage.Heritage
SA E-NewssupplementstheHeritage South Australia Newsletter.
[email protected]‘subscribeHeritageSAE-News’inthesubjectline.
DEH Heritage Branch staff changes
Pippa Morgan
PippajoinedtheHeritageBranchin2004after5yearsworkinginprivatearchitecturalpracticesDanvers
SchulzHollandArchitectsandMullowayStudio.DuringthistimesheregisteredasanArchitect(2002)andgainedvaluableexperienceintheconservationandadaptivere-useofhistoricplaces.Pippa’s‘new’roleofSeniorHeritageArchitectisprimarilyconcernedwiththedevelopmentanddeliveryoftheSAHeritageFundGrantsProgram,theco-ordinationandmonitoringofDEH-ownedheritageplacesandcoordinatingtheOutbackHeritageAdvisoryService.
Andreea Jeleascu
AndreeagraduatedfromAdelaideUniversityin2003withaBArch.Herpreviousexperience
inprivatepracticeinQueenslandandSouthAustraliareinforcedherinterestinconservationandtheadaptivere-useofsignificantbuildings.ShejoinedtheHeritageBranchinMarch2006and
hasrecentlybeenappointedtothepositionofConservationOfficer.SheiscurrentlycompletingaGraduateDiplomainUrbanandRegionalPlanningattheUniversityofSA.AndreeahasaparticularinterestinpolicydevelopmentandtheprovisionofconservationandarchitecturaladviceintheOutbackunincorporatedareas.
Luigi
VitalePreviouslySeniorConservationArchitectwiththeHeritageBranch,LuigihasacceptedapositionasSeniorHeritageArchitectwiththeProjectServicessectionofBuildingManagement,DepartmentofTransport,EnergyandInfrastructure.
New State Heritage Places
Former Schmidt Farm including Houses, Barn, Oven, Well and Slab
Structures, Hahndorf
ThesestructuresconstitutethemostsignificantsurvivingfarmgrouponthemainstreetofHahndorf–themostintactGermansettlementinAustralia.TheydisplayearlyGermanvernaculardesignandconstructiontechniques,includingpioneerstoneworkanduncommonexamplesoftimber-slabconstructionandatunnel-shapedbake-oven.
Dwelling (former Port Adelaide and Le Fevre’s Peninsula
Cooperative Society Ltd Store), Exeter
Builtin1884,thisbuildingisarareexampleofanearlycooperativestoreconstructedspecificallyforitspurpose,byoneofanumberofsuchself-helpsocietiesestablishedinAdelaideasameansofsecuringadegreeoffinancialoreducationaladvancementforworkingpeople.
DEHHeritageNews
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�5 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Heritage
Surveys/PARsThefollowingCouncilsareundertakingorplanningHeritageReviews/Surveys,priortoaHeritagePlanAmendmentReport(PAR)beingprepared:
• AdelaideHillsCouncil(Onkaparinga&TorrensValleysonly)
•
FlindersRangesCouncil&theDistrictCouncilsofMountRemarkable,Orroroo/Carrieton&Peterborough(JointHeritageReview)
•CityofHoldfastBay(1930sHeritage)
•
KangarooIsland(excludingAmericanRiver,Kingscote,Parndana&Penneshaw)
•DistrictCouncilofKingston
•CityofMountGambier
•
DistrictCouncilofNaracoorteLucindale(TownshipofNaracoorteonly)
• DistrictCouncilofWattleRange(TownshipofPenolaonly)
•CityofWhyalla
ThefollowingCouncilsrecentlyhavehadHeritagePARsapprovedbytheMinisterforUrbanDevelopment&Planning:
• AlexandrinaCouncil(StrathalbynTownshiponly)
• CityofBurnside(Historic(Conservation)ZonesNo.2)
• CityofCampbelltown(LocalHeritagePlaces)
•
CityofNorwoodPayneham&StPeters(2PARs-PaynehamandStPeters,Kensington&Norwood)
•TownofWalkerville(HeritagePlaces&Areas)
ThefollowingCouncilscurrentlyhaveHeritagePARsunderInterimAuthorisation:
•LightRegionalCouncil(Heritage)
• DistrictCouncilofMountBarker(DistrictWideHeritage)
•DistrictCouncilofTatiara(Heritage)
• TownofWalkerville(LocalHeritage–Supplementary)
Park friends win for Pondanna work
TheFriendsoftheGawlerRangesNationalParkhavebeenpresentedwiththeDEHHeritageBranch’sawardfor‘BestHeritageProject’inrecognitionoftheirongoingworkconservingPondannaOutstation.Thisawardispresentedannuallytoa‘FriendsofParks’groupfortheirworkinlookingafterheritagebuildingsinparks.
Wrecked! Exhibition goes on tourThepopularWrecked! Tragedy and
the Southern
Seasexhibition,presentedbytheHistoryTrustofSouthAustraliaattheSouthAustralianMaritimeMuseumduring2005,isnowtouringnationally.
ArtefactsfromDEH’smaritimecollectionfigurelargelyintheexhibitioncourtesyofasecond‘VisionsofAustralia’DevelopmentGrant.DEHSeniorMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnottworkedwiththeexhibitioncuratortoprovideobjectsfromtheDEHcollectionwhichincludesaround2000objectswhichhavebeenrecoveredfromwrecksitesoverthelast20years.
Vale Terry Arnott2� July �953 – 27 January 2007
TheHeritageBranchismourningthelossofavaluedandwell-respectedfriendandcolleague,SeniorMaritimeArchaeologistTerryArnott,whodiedunexpectedlyon27January,attheageof53.
Terry’sdeathisasadlossforhisworkmatesintheDepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritageandforstaffandmembersofotheragenciesandorganisations,whohadcometoappreciatehisdiversityofknowledgeandhispassion,generosityandhumour.
Terry’scareerspannedanumberofstatesandmanyjobs.InVictoriahehadbeenarigger,securityguard,smallbusinessowner,museumcuratorandMinisterialadviser,butisbestrememberedasanoutstandingmaritimearchaeologist.Amongsthismanyachievementsinthisfield,heiscreditedwiththediscoveryofapproximately100shipwrecksinVictorianwaters,includingthehighlysignificantCity
of
LauncestonwreckinPortPhillipBay.TerryalsodraftedtheVictorianHistoricShipwreckslegislationandwasafoundingmemberoftheAustralasianInstituteforMaritimeArchaeology.Hisdivingskills,greatdepthofknowledgeandpassionforAustralia’sshipwreckheritagewererecognisedacrossAustraliaandinternationally.
TerrycametoSouthAustraliatotakeuphispositionintheDepartmentforEnvironmentandHeritageinJuly1995,andinhistimewiththisdepartmentbecamehighlyrespectedandmadefriendsacrosstheState.HetookeveryopportunitytopromoteandprotectSouthAustralia’sshipwreckheritage,whileatthesametimewideninghishorizonswithapassion(orshouldthatbe‘obsession’?)forwhalingheritagesitesand,morerecently,WorldWarTwocoastaldefenceplaces.
TerryalsocontributedtoandinfluencedtheprojectsofmanyotherSouthAustralianGovernmentandpublicagenciesandorganisations.HeestablishedmooringbuoysatkeyshipwrecksandfortheprotectionoftheGiantCuttlefish,wasakeyorganiserandfacilitatorofinter-agencysurveyexpeditionstotheoffshoreislandsintheState’sfarwest,contributedtooutdoorrecreationaltrailsandsomuchmore.
ClearlyTerry’spassingisagreatlosstohisfamily,hischosenfieldandtoscoresoffriendsandcolleaguesacrossAustralia.
FriendsofGawlerRangesNationalParkpresident,LealaHoffman,acceptstheawardfromthenHeritageBranchManager,SueAveray.
DEHHeritageNews
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�6 HeritageSouthAustraliaNewsletterMarch2007
Seeds of Change: An Illustrated History of Adelaide Botanic
Garden
byRAitken.BoardoftheBotanicGardensandStateHerbariuminassociationwithBloomingsBooks,Adelaide&Melbourne2006.Hardbound,213pp.
AsoneoftheState’soldestculturalinstitutions,theAdelaideBotanicGardendeservesawell-writtenandextensivehistoryandthisvolumemorethanfitsthebill.Itslargeformat,extensiveuseofillustrations,andthecaretakenwiththeirreproduction,haveproducedasumptuous213pagebookwellworthyofthesesquicentenaryitcelebrates.AuthorRichardAitkenisverywellqualifiedforhistaskandthequalityofhiswritingmatchesthebook’sappearance.Hehasakeeneyefortellingdetailandaptquotationsandhasalsotakenconsiderablecarewiththecaptionsfortheillustrations,whichmanyauthorsstillfailtodo.Anexample:‘Brightfloraldisplaysdisguisedtightbudgetconstraintsaspopulistimperativesfurtherdilutedbotanicalobjectives’.(p134)
TheGardenhasaricherhistorythanmanyAdelaideansrealise.WhatisnowtheAdelaideZoowasoriginallysitedwithintheGardenbeforebeingallocatedsomeofBotanicPark.TheRusticTemple(1864)anditssuccessortheMuseumofEconomicBotany(1881)weretwooftheColony’searliestmuseums.TheGarden’sfinecollectionofstatuarybeganwithapairoflionspresentedbyMrAHGougein186130yearsbeforethefirststatuesappearedonAdelaide’sstreets.
Machinationsoverlandarearecurringthemeinthehistory.TheRoyalAdelaideHospital,theLunaticAsylum,
theMunicipalTramwaysTrustandmorerecentlytheNationalWineCentrehaveallimpactedontheGardenovertheyears.Anotherthemeisdistrustofthepublic.ThenoticeintheSouth
Australian Government
GazetteinOctober1857advisingoftheopeningoftheAdelaideBotanicGardentothepublicmentioned:‘Thestrictestproprietyofbehaviour,languageanddressisexpected,andnothingmustbetouched’.Duringthe1890stherewasamorerelaxedapproachandvisitorswerepermittedtositonthelawnsandperambulatorsandpicnicswereallowed.
LongservingDirectors-therehaveonlybeeneight–areanotherfeatureoftheGarden’shistory,althoughinmorerecentyearswiththedevelopmentofbotanicgardensonothersitestherehasbeenaHeadofGardenspositionbeneaththeDirector.FoundationDirectorGeorgeFrancis(1855-65)hasbeenwellservedbygreat-granddaughterBarbaraBest’sbiography,whilethatoftheremarkableRichardSchomburgk(1865-91)iscurrentlybeingwrittenbyhisgreat-granddaughterPaulinePayne.InlivingmemoryNoelLothian,sonofMelbournepublisherThomasLothian,servedfrom1948until1980,whileBrianMorleyreignedbetween1981-2000.
TheGarden’srichhistoryisrecognisedbyseveralentriesintheSouthAustralianHeritageRegister.TheyincludethePalmHouseConservatory,judgedbyAitkentobe‘oneofthemostsignificantsurvivingprefabricatedglasshousesworldwide’(manyEuropeanonesweredestroyedintheWorldWars);themainentrancegates;theNorthLodge(originallytheHeadGardener’scottage);theMuseumofEconomicBotany;theSimpsonKioskandtheBoyandSerpentfountain.TheGoodmanBuildingandTramBarn‘A’werebothoriginallybuiltfortheMunicipalTramwaysTrustandnowserveastheGarden’sadministrativeheadquartersandthePlantBiodiversityCentrerespectively.YarrabeeHouse,originallytheLunaticAsylumMedicalOfficer’sResidence,wasusedbytheGardenformanyyearsbutisnowtheNationalWineCentreofAustraliaAdministrationBuilding.
Brian Samuels Principal Heritage Officer
Events
�8 – 27 May SA History
WeekThiswillbethefourthannualSAHistoryWeek.ThefullrangeofHistoryWeekactivitieswillbepublishedintheProgramBooklet,availablelateApril.Venue:AcrossSAEnquiries:0882039888www.history.sa.gov.au
20 May National Archives Open
DayTocelebrateSAHistoryWeek,theNationalArchivesisopeningitsdoorstoshowyoujustwhat’sinstore!CallintoaConservationClinicforprofessionaladviceoncaringfordocumentsandphotos,takeabehind-the-scenestour,learnhowtousethedatabaseanddiscovertheunexpectedintheircollection.Time:11amto4pmVenue:78AngasSt,AdelaideEnquiries:0884098411
22 May Adelaide Architect and Pioneer Modernist -
SeminarRussellSElliswasoneofSouthAustralia’sfirstModernistarchitects.LouiseBird,DEHResearchFellowattheArchitectureMuseum,LouisLaybourneSmithSchoolofArchitectureandDesign,UniversityofSouthAustralia,willpresentanillustratedtalkabouttheresidentialworkofEllis.Time:12.30to1.30pmVenue:Room15,Level5,GeorgeKingstonBuilding(enterfromGeorgeSt)CityWestCampus,UniversityofSouthAustralia.
Enquiriesandbookings:(08)[email protected]
24 July History Council of SA’s Annual
LecturePutthisdateinyourdiary–detailstobeadvised.SeetheHCSAwebsitefordetailswww.historycouncilsa.org.au
3-5 August ‘Country Connections’ State History
ConferencePresentedbytheHistoryTrustofSAthisConferencewillfocusonthehistoryofSouthAustralia’scountrytownsandcommunities,especiallyinthe20thcentury,fromlocal,state,nationalandglobalperspectives.Venue:TanundaArtsandCulturalCentre/FaithLutheranCollegecombinedcampusEnquiries:0802039888www.history.sa.gov.au
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