Transportation, TOD & Affordable Housing
Transportation, TOD & Affordable Housing
San Francisco Bay Area counties
Million people; almost 4 million jobs
Municipalities
Miles of highway
Miles of local streets and roads
Public transit operators
The MTC regionThe MTC region
9
7
101
1,400
19,600
26
THE KEY TRANSPORTATION THE KEY TRANSPORTATION PLAYERSPLAYERS
• Feds US DOT• State State DOT• Regions MPOs/regional
councils• County public wks• City public wks• Transit local transit agency
SF Bay Area’s Housing Crisis
+83%+83%
+64%+64%
+90%+90%
+120%+120%
Growth in interregional commuting, 2000-2030
Fruitvale Transit VillageFruitvale Transit Village
One of first of new generation of Bay Area transit villages. Library, clinic, senior center, retail and 47 rental units in phase 1. Three hundred plus housing units in phase 2.
OaklandAlameda County
TLC planning: $47,000
TLC Capital Grant: $2 million
Fund Origin: TDA, TEA-21
HIP & TLC Project
Prometheus
A multi-family development with 218 housing units located near bus transit and Caltrain station in downtown San Mateo
San MateoSan Mateo County
HIP Grant: $682,500
HIP Project
HIP to fund pedestrian and streetscape improvements along Third and Fourth Avenues in downtown San Mateo (same project area).
Downtown Petaluma Downtown Petaluma River ApartmentsRiver ApartmentsA 81-unit affordable housing complex next to the Petaluma River, bus lines and potential future commuter rail in downtown Petaluma
PetalumaSonoma County
HIP Grant: $266,000
TLC Grant: $358,000
Fund Sources: STP/CMAQ
Fund Origin: TEA-21
HIP & TLC Project
Sereno Village ApartmentsSereno Village Apartments
A 125-unit affordable housing complex adjacent to the new Sereno Transit Bus Transfer Facility
VallejoSolano County
TLC Planning Grant: $40,000
HIP Grant: $382,500
Fund Origin: TEA-21
HIP Project
Richmond Transit VillageRichmond Transit Village
Ownership Townhouses & Rentals at hub of heavy rail (BART), Amtrak & local bus
RichmondContra Costa County
HIP Grant: $384,000
HIP Project
Housing Incentive ProgramHousing Incentive ProgramHousing Incentive ProgramHousing Incentive Program
Awards HIP grants to local gov’ts
housing must be within 1/3 mile of major transit station
Number of units per acre determines total grant award: 30 units/acre: $1,000 per bedroom 40 units/acre: $1,500 per bedroom 60 units/acre: $2,000 per bedroom
HIP funds are spent on TLC capital projects anywhere within the applicant’s jurisdiction
1st Grant Cycle: $9 million in federal STP, CMAQ, and TEA funds
* Additional $$$ per bedroom awarded to affordable units
TLC and HIP PROJECTSSINCE 1998
Evolution of “TLC” Incentives
MTC’s TOD MTC’s TOD Policy: Policy:
Key Transit Key Transit CorridorsCorridors
existing rail existing rail corridorscorridors
Proposed BRTProposed BRT
Proposed rail Proposed rail corridorscorridors
Proposed ferry Proposed ferry terminalsterminals
Leveraging Transportation Investments
Why TOD Matters – Ridership Increases in One Proposed Bay Area
Corridor from TOD
Cost-Effectiveness Threshold
Rid
ers
per
Sta
tion
per
Day
TOD Policy - Housing Requirements
Transit Transit TechnologyTechnology
Minimum Housing Minimum Housing ThresholdThreshold
Equivalent Net Equivalent Net DensitiesDensities
BART/ Heavy RailBART/ Heavy Rail 3850 avg per 3850 avg per stationstation
50-150 units/acre50-150 units/acre
Light RailLight Rail 3300 avg per 3300 avg per stationstation
40-80 units/acre40-80 units/acre
Bus Rapid TransitBus Rapid Transit 2750 avg per 2750 avg per stationstation
30-60 units/acre30-60 units/acre
Commuter RailCommuter Rail 2200 avg per 2200 avg per stationstation
20-50 units/acre20-50 units/acre
FerriesFerries 750 avg per 750 avg per terminalterminal
10-30 units/acre10-30 units/acre
TOD Policy – Affordability Bonus
Housing Type Area Median Income
Rental 60 percent
Ownership 100 percent
Station Area Planning Program
Assisting local gov’ts to upzone around new transit corridors
Station Area Planning Guidance
➔ Set affordable housing goals➔ Consider inclusionary zoning policies➔ Provide a range of housing options
• Including secondary units➔ Minimize displacement/gentrification➔ Consider accessible housing/visitability
San Leandro Blvd Improvements
Courtesy of BMS Design Group
San Leandro Blvd Improvements
Courtesy of BMS Design Group
San Leandro Blvd Improvements
Courtesy of BMS Design Group
San Leandro Blvd Improvements
Courtesy of BMS Design Group
Transit Share by Work & Home Location
TOD - More Than TransitMixed Use Critical to Capture Non-Commute Trips by
Walking/Biking
29%29%transittransit
Mode Share of TOD Residents: 2000 Bay Area Travel Survey
24%24%walk/walk/bikebike
TOD in the Bay Area: Less Driving
Choose to Participate: MTC & Affordable TOD Fund
1. Equity or Grants
1. Equity or Grants
2. Low-interest loans
2. Low-interest loans
3. Senior loans3. Senior loans
• Banks, insurance companies• Other direct commercial lenders• Bond financing
• Foundations• Program Related Investments
•Foundation grants•$10 million MTC grant funds from Transportation for Livable Communities
Evolution of MTC’s Transp/Land Use Work
➔ Transportation/Land Use Policy 1996➔ TLC program 1998➔ Housing Incentive Program 2000➔ Transit Expansion Plan 2001➔ TOD Policy 2005➔ Station Area Planning Grants 2006➔ Regional Growth Strategy 2009➔ TOD Land Acquisition Fund 2010
Lessons Learned
➔ Money talks – esp transportation $$
➔ Future investments in transit are critical opportunity
➔ Transit agencies need cover to get into land use
➔ MPO board members often local elected officials
➔ Policies that apply just to station areas are challenging
➔ Support for minimizing displacement but tools need
work
Flickr user: starquake