Denitrification barriers as a tool for nitrogen reduction in agriculture catchments Bednarek A 1/2 ., Mankiewicz–Boczek J 1/2 ., Gągała I 1 ., Serwecińska L 1 ., S. Szklarek 1 , Izydorczyk K. 1 , Frątczak W. 1 , Zalewski M. 1/2 1 European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Science, 3 Tylna, 90-364 Lodz, Poland; E-mail: [email protected]2 Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha, 90-264 Lodz;
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Denitrification barriers as a tool for nitrogen reduction in ... Bednarek...Denitrification barriers as a tool for nitrogen reduction in agriculture catchments Bednarek A1/2., Mankiewicz
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Denitrification barriers as a tool
for nitrogen reduction in agriculture catchments
Bednarek A1/2., Mankiewicz–Boczek J1/2., Gągała I1., Serwecińska L1., S. Szklarek1 , Izydorczyk K. 1, Frątczak W. 1, Zalewski M.1/2
1 European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Science, 3 Tylna, 90-364 Lodz, Poland; E-mail: [email protected] Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha, 90-264 Lodz;
- à 2NO à N2O à N2(N 5+ ) (N 3+ ) (N 2+ ) (N 1+ ) (N 0 )
• one of the most important process in bioremediation
• depends on availability of organic carbon!
The aim of the study was to test denitrifying ditches, composed with different organic carbon sources – harl flax, pinus sawdust, straw and a mix of brown coal and calcium coal.
“Denitrification bed” – containers filled with a material rich in C (Schipper et al., 2010b). They can be put in stream to clean water in small rivers or drainage system (Robertson and Merkley,
2009) or on the outflow from point source of nitrate (Schipper et al., 2010a; Warneke et al., 2011a; Warneke et al., 2011b).
(Schipper et al., 2010b)
Methods based on denitrification process, ussually applied in the field can be divided into three groups:
“Denitrification wall” - material rich in C arranged vertically in shallow ground water perpendicular to the flow of these waters (Schipper et al., 2010b).
Denitrification walls are useful to prevent area (Schipper and Vojvodic-Vukovic, 2000) and point (Bednarek et al., 2010) pollution of nitrate.
“Denitrification layer” – are horizontal layer of material rich in C (Schipper et al., 2010b).
The obligation to have manure plates are covered by the farm:
• carrying out the raising of poultry above 40 000 places or breeding pigs over 2 000 places weighing more than 30 kg (or 750 places for cows ) (the Act on fertilizers and fertilization, 2007)
• on designated under the Nitrates Directive prone areas the outflow of nitrogen from agricultural sources ( Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 23 December 2002 )
• in other cases dung plate must build only farmers who have been granted some EU grants ( Sectoral Operational Programme and the Rural Development Programme )
N R14 0061 06/ 2009 GEOWŁÓKNA - Development of model geofibrous, biodegradable, biological deposits for recultivation of nitrogen and phosphorus in threatened areas of agricultural landscape
Phot.1. Restoration of a point source of nitrogen (Demo site, Jerwonice village) (Bednarek et.al. 2014a)
before ditches in ditches behind ditches-400
-200
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O3 l
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Average Average +/- SD Min-Max
Fig. 1. Average (and +/- DS and Min/Max value) nitrate concentration in ground water before, in and behind ditches in Jervonice demonstration site (from: Bednarek et. al. 2014a).
What is the optimum carbon substrate for activation of microorganisms?
Main objective: increase the efficiency and acceleration of the activation of denitrifying barriers
Study supported by the National Centre for Research and Development, No. PBS1/A8/2012MIKRAZO - Microbial activators in denitrifying deposits used for the treatment of nitrate pollutionfor the implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Nitrates Directive.
Study supported by the National Centre for Research and Development, No. PBS1/A8/2012MIKRAZO - Microbial activators in denitrifying deposits used for the treatment of nitrate pollutionfor the implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Nitrates Directive.
Nitrogen removal in denitrification barriers in Mikołajów winter time
MIKRAZO PBS1/A8/2012
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above the barrier in the barrier below the barrier
nitrate mg/l nitrite mg/l ammonium mg/l
Denitrification - the organic C is the electron donor and NO3- acts as the electron acceptor; full process - reduction of NO3- by microorganisms to dinitrogen gas (N2)
Mikrobiologiczne aktywatory w złożach denitryfikacyjnych stosowanych do oczyszczania zanieczyszczeń azotanowych dla wdrażania Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej i Dyrektywy Azotanowej
Mikrobiologiczne aktywatory w złożach denitryfikacyjnych stosowanych do oczyszczania zanieczyszczeń azotanowych dla wdrażania Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej i Dyrektywy Azotanowej
• The application of methods based on enhancement of denitrificationprocess create an opportunity to increase the efficiency of ground water protection in
the ecosystem scale.
• In the catchment of intensive farming or pasture, around the point source, e.g. storage manure, or near a coastline, denitrification ditches seem to be the most appropriate solution.
• The highest denitrification effect was observed at ditches constructed around the point-sources egz. storage manure, due spring and autumn period (even above 95% of nitrogen reduction).
• In the case of denitrification ditches construction there is no landscape deformation.Construction the manure plates permanently change the landscape.
• These biotechnology seems to be the alternative solutions for building the manureplates. It is important to use easily-obtained, locally-available carbon-rich materialsto minimize transport costs.
N R14 0061 06/ 2009 GEOWŁÓKNA - Development of model geofibrous, biodegradable, biological deposits for recultivation of nitrogen and phosphorus in threatened areas of agricultural landscape
PBS1/A8/2012 MIKRAZO - Microbial activators in denitrifying deposits used for the treatment of nitrate pollution for the implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Nitrates Directive
LIFE08 ENV /PL/000519EKOROB: Ecotones for the reduction of diffuse pollution