“Dementia and Competency in the Aging Inmate Population” FPIC Annual Conference and Justice Institute Francisco Fernandez, MD, FACP, DFAPA Professor and Chair , Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Principal Investigator, USF Memory Disorders Clinic University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine Professor, Department of Community and Family Health Tampa, FL http://health.usf.edu/medicine/psychiatry/p_memory_disorders_clinic.htm
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Dementia and Competency in the Aging Inmate Population FPIC Annual Conference and Justice Institute Francisco Fernandez, MD, FACP, DFAPA Professor and.
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“Dementia and Competency in the Aging
Inmate Population”FPIC Annual Conference
and Justice Institute
“Dementia and Competency in the Aging
Inmate Population”FPIC Annual Conference
and Justice Institute
Francisco Fernandez, MD, FACP, DFAPAProfessor and Chair , Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences
Principal Investigator, USF Memory Disorders ClinicUniversity of South Florida Morsani College of MedicineProfessor, Department of Community and Family Health
• The average age of inmates is growing rapidly. • Physically, inmates are thought to age an average of 10
years faster than the community population. • Dementia, which involves loss of memory, language,
recognition, planning and purposeful behavior, is progressive and ultimately fatal. – There are no known cures. – Chronic illnesses, brain trauma and substance abuse also “age
the brain” and raise the risk of dementia.
• According to mental health experts all demographics and early reports indicate that there will soon be an exponential growth of dementia in our aging inmate population.
Dementia and Competency in the Aging Inmate Population
• Judge Mark Speiser, 17th Judicial Circuit
• Francisco Fernandez, M.D., Chair, Dept. of Psychiatry, USF Health
• Timothy Ludwig, Ph.D., Broward County Sheriff’s Office Department of Detention
• John Bailey, D.O., Past Chairman, Florida Correctional Medical Authority
• Provide services to persons suspected of having Alzheimer’s disease and other related dementias
• Evaluate and identify needs of people undergoing medical evaluation and family members to provide appropriate referrals for services
• Identify and disseminate information on community resources for assistance with Alzheimer’s disease Research
1. Difficulties in recruitment, retention, succession planning and staff training
2. Providing adequate medical care and mental health services
3. Technology/management systems
4. Funding – insufficient + burden of “unfunded” mandates
5. Administrative issues
6. Facilities and physical plant
7. Immigration and illegals
8. Public education
9. Re-entry initiatives, security threat groups
10. Special needs groups
Definition
• Dementia is a clinical state characterized by a significant loss of function in multiple cognitive domains, that is not due to an impaired level of arousal.– The presence of dementia does not
necessarily imply irreversibility, a progressive course, or any specific cause.
Mendez, M.F, et al., (1990). Psychiatric symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease. The Journal of Clinical Neuropsychiatry and Clinical
Neurosciences, 2, 28-33.
Course of Aging, MCI and AD
AAMI / ARCD
MCI
Clinical AD
Time (Years)
Cog
nitiv
e D
eclin
e “Brain”AD
Brain Aging
Mild
Moderate
Moderately Severe
Severe
(Ferris, 4/03)
Brain Aging
Symptomatic Effects versus Slowing Disease Progression
Impa
irmen
t
Treatment PeriodEndBaseline
Severe
Mild
Placebo
Symptomatic
Disease modifying
(Ferris, 8/03)
Treatment Guidelines
AAN,1 APA,1 and ISOA*2 guidelines recommend cholinesterase inhibitors as standard therapy for mild-to-moderate AD
APA and ISOA recommend Memantine as standard therapy for moderate-to-severe AD
ACP and AAFP make weak recommendations for any use at any stage of AD3
1. Doody et al. Arch Neurol. 2001;58:427-433. 2. Fillit et al. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2006;4(suppl A):S9-S24. 3. Qaseem et al. Ann Inter Med. 2008; 148:370-378; *ISOA = Institute for the Study of Aging
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FDA Approved Treatments for Dementia
• Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors– Approved for Mild to Moderate AD