Delhi the ca pital city of India - Forgotten Books

PREFACE

Delh i the capita l city of India , h as 1ts own position in the

h i story of the world . In this i l lustra ted gu ide book we ha ved ea l t a lso w i th bn ef history of the grea t Moghu l s as i t clea rlyreflect the grea t bu ildings and monuments of the c ity—RedFort , Humayun

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3 Tomb . Th world famous perfect TowerKutub Minar, New Delhi and old and new Historical bu i ldings .We a re much gra teful to many person s . who have helped us inthe completion of the book .

Attempt h as been made in this book to g ive enough informa tion for the tourist . But no c laim to the fina lity can be

la id . Suggestions to i ts improvemen t wi l l be much apprecia ted .

Publishers

Prin ted a t Jayyed Press, Ba /lima ra n , Delh i 6 .

Delhi-In troductionDelhi through th eAgesR ed FortLahor i Ga teDel h i Ga teElephan t Ga teCha tta ChowkNauba t KhanaDiwan- i-Am

Qursi the Emperor’ s

Sea tLa l Pa rdahR ang Maha lDiwan- i-Kha sKha s Maha lNahr- i-Bah ish tSca le of JusticeHammam

Samman BurjMot i Ma sj idHayaa t Bak sh BaghSawan and BhadonZafar Ma h a l

Shah BurjHira Maha lMumtaz Maha lNahr- i-Bah ish tMuseumsSa l im GarhEntrance and Time to

the FortJama Masj idMahatma Gandhi ’s

Samadh iShant i Van

CONTENTS

Feroz Shah Kot laAshoka

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s Pi l larChandn i ChowkDigamb er Jain La]MandirGaur i Shanker TempleGurdwa ra S isganjFoun ta in

S amb er i Ma SJld

Town Hal lFa tehpu r i MosqueJain Temple Dha ramPuraB irla TemplePa rl iamen t HouseSecreta r ia teRa sh trapati Bhaw anInd ia Ga teNational Stad iumRadio S ta t ionJan t

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an {n an ta rConnaugh t PlaceSa fd a rjung TombTh e Qutub minarQuwa t-u l-IslammosqueI ron Pi l larA la i Da rwazaTomb of Imam Zaminmugha l Ga rdenmugha l SaraiChha tri gDhoop GhariLal Ko tR a i Pithora Ko tTomb of Altamish

A la i m ina rA lau-ud -Din madarsaAla -ud -Din TombTomb ofKama l i andJama l i

Yogmaya’

s TempleAd am Khan ’s TombBaol iDa rgah Qutab Sah ibSu l tan Ghori’s TombGh ias-ud -Din

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s TombBh im

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s Chh a tank i

Tugh lak For t andTombHauz Kha sKa lkaj iNi z am-ud -Din ’s TombHumayun ’s TombTomb and Mosque ofIsa Kha nOld Fort

Sher Shah mosqueSher mandalZooOkhla

Ge nera l InformationTran sport andCommun ication sDelh i S ight SeeingTo Agra By Taj ExpressMuseumsArt Ga l leriesExc lus ionPicn ic SpotsAccommodationOther Hotel sRestaurantsC inema sEmba ssiesHigh Commi ss ionsImportan t D.T.O.

Bus R outes

DELHIINTR ODUCTION

DELHI , the capital of the Republ ic‘

of Indian Un ion possessesthe most central and geographical posi tion d ue to close up

si tua tion from a l l importan t parts and ci ties of th e coun try .

The city i s situa ted on the western b ank of th e Jumna’a nd

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the

other side i s protected by the r idge . Thu s i t holds an,1rnriva lled

stra tegic l oca tion in the country . Delh i h a d been the capita lsince long of severa l rulers d ue to its centra l and stra tegicsitua tion . All the ru lers preferred it to be the capita l and soa l so the B ri tish in 19 1 1 decided to make Delh i th e capita ‘

instead of Calcutta which wa s formerly the cap ita l . Del h i i s th emost importan t railway cen tre, being the headq ua rter of theNorthern Zone of Indian rai lway and i s excel len tly served by a llother z ones . Delh i enjoys th e benefit of two modern airports ofPalam and Safd a rjung which connect i t w ith importan t centresof th eWorld a s wel l a s of India .

Due to be th e capital , Delh i has become an interna tiona lpol itica l - centre . All the emb assies and High Comm ission officesa re located in New Delhi . It ha s a popu la tion of about 36 lacsaccording to 196 1 censu s while in 194 1 i t w a s on ly abou t 9 lacs .

The en la rgemen t in popu la tion i s greatly d ue to th e pa rti t ion ofIndia in 1947 . Delh i i s situated in la titude North and77, I3 East . Wi th th e forma tion of Mun icipa l Co rpora t ion w itheffect from 7th Apri l , 1958 . Delh i i s under th e unified c ivicadm in i stra t ion having ju ridiction over th e sta tutory corpora t iond ea l ing w i th electr ic i ty , wa ter transport , sa n ita t ion , educa t ion ,

tax a tion , etc . covering both ru ra l and u rban areas of 568 sq .

m i les leaving Del hi Can tonment and New Del h i— a h area of 10sq . mi les only .

The cl ima te of Del h i i s hea l thy , having three majorseasons—winter, summer and ra iny . The w inter season lastsfrom Oct . to Ma rch . The summer season from Apri l to Juneand the rainy season from July to September .

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Delh i i s famous for its Handicrafts and Industries . Therea re cotton mil ls . biscu it factor ies . Flour mi l l s , i ron foundriesa nd cycle industries . Delh i has been great ly effected in industriesa fter the pa rtit ion . There are many cottage industries , such asb rass ca rving , emb ro ida ry, jewel lery b ags , ivory , sta t ionery , etc .

Delh i ’s gold and silver ornamen ts and jewel lery , wh ich a re

famou s through out the world can be seen in th e biggest a nd ther ichest street of Old Delh i cal led Chandn i Chowk—The S i lverS treet .

DELHI THROUGH THE AGES

There are no records of ea r ly history of Delh i prior to theMusl im conquests of 1613 A .D. , even then i t i s fact tha t thehistory of Delhi beg ins from the time of the Pand vas. Youd his

tra founded a beautifu l city over a barren land and named itIndraprastha for it was a s beautiful a s the abode of the king ofgods “INDRA”

where now Old Fort stands .

Anangpal who ruled from 663 AD . to 68 1 AD . reconscructed Delh i and Anangpa l I I made Delh i his fulfledged capitalin 105 1 . AD . The La]Ko t and inscription s on Iron Pi l la r arethe monumen ts of h i s time . The other Hindu fort of R ai Pithorabuilt by Prithvi R aj Chauhan was bu i l t in nea r abou t 1 180 AD .

The end of 12 th century saw the replacemen t of the

Hindu rule by the Musl im rule . In 1250 AD . Qutub-ud -Dinproclaimed himsel f to be the first emperor of the S lave dynastywh o bu il t severa l mosques w ith the ma teria l s and in places ofHindu temples . Khilj i dyna sty succeeded the S la ve d ynasty in1290 AD . Jalal-ud -Din Kh ij i was i ts founder and wa s assassinacd by his own nephew Ala-u d-Din Khilj i , who proved to be asuccessful and powerful ru ler . He bu i l t Ala -ud -Din Darwaz anea r Qutub Mina r . The uncomp leted Ala i M inar, i s a lso h isgrea t work which cou ld no t be comp leted d ue to h is dea th .

After Khilj i dyn a sty Tuglak ( 1320 Sa yeds ( 14 14and Lod is (145 1— 1526) ruled Del hi leaving monumen t such asTuglak Fort , Lodi Tomb and Ga rden and Feroz e Sha h Kotla inwhich the grea t Ashoka Pi l lar stands .

Then came Mughal s . Baba r, the first of the Mugha l emperors, lef t l i ttle mark on Delh i . His successor, Humayun was

respon sible for l urana Qi la , the 1 1th Capi tal , the 9th and loth

be ing Khiz a rabad and Mubarakabad the Sa iyed crea tions, ofwhich l ittle or nothing exists . Sher Shah Suri , who ou stedHumayun from Delhi for some yea rs was a lso to a grea t extentrespon sible for Purana

‘Qila .

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The Mugha l emperors , Akbar and Shahjahan chose forth e most pa rt of thei r build ing ta lents , Agra and el sewhere ra therthan Delh i b ut i t i s Shahjahan t ha t we owe the Red Fort .Th is wa l led city , which mu st have been one of the most impressive exteriors in the world wa s bui l t by Shahjahan in 1939 andwa s ca l led Sh ahjanab ad . Aurangz eb, Sh ahjahan

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s successors ,were a sort of Mugha l twil ight and on a rapid sweep there i sl it tle to ca tch the eye un t i l we come to New Delh i of Lutyen sand B aker .

Delhi h as often been captured . It was sacked by Ta imur,the Mughal , in 1738 by Nad ir Shah the Pers ian , in 1739 a ndby Ahmad Sha h Durran i , the Afghan in 1756. In 1771 , the

Mara tha Ch ief, Madho R ao Scind ia , captured Delh i and theMar-a tha s held i t ti l l 1803, when Genera l Lake defea ted Loui sBourquien , commanding troops of Dau lat R ao , ga in ing possess ion o f Delh i and of the fam i ly and person of the King ShahAlam . In October 1804 , Delh i was bes ieged b y the Ma ra thaJaswant R ao Ho lka r, but wa s successful ly defended by ColonelWi l l iam Burn . From tha t t ime t i l l 18 57, the old Capita l ofInd ia rema ined in the possess ion of the Bri tish . The Last KingBahadu r Shah wa s defea ted in 18 57. and was abou t 80 years oldwhen the Mut iny broke out and w ith his dea th a t R angoon

, in

1 862, the Mugha l dyna sty disappeared .

Delhi , wh ich s ince the yea r 1 193 AD . h a s been ru led,

bytwo Queen s a nd some seven ty k ings now h as its first republ icanregine— tha nk s to tha t grea t leader a nd Fa ther of the Na t ion ,

Ma ha tma Gandh i . Fifly yea rs ago , Delh i’ s popu la t ion was

sca rcely two hundred thou sand . It wa s abou t e ight time theh umber wh ich accl a imed th e insta l la t ion of the first Pres iden t ofth e R epubl ic of India , Dr . R ajendra Prasad on January 26,1950.

RED FORTLAL QILA

Th is ma ssive for t i s the most magn ificent of a l l Indian royal

pa laces . It i s a red sand stone bu i ld ing w ith m ight y wal l ssurmounted by fine towers . The fort wa s bu i lt by the mostfamousMugha l Emperor Sha h Jehan a t the r ight ban k of riverJumuna on the ea stern s ide of the city and nea r Chandni Chowk .

Shah Jehan , after reign ing a t Agra for 1 1 yea rs dec ided tot ransfer his capita l a ga in to Delh i ow ing to the lack of space .

n a rrow streets , excess ive hea t and un leve l led ground there . The

founda tion stone of the fort wa s la id in 1 639 AD . and i t wa sc ompleted after 9 yea rs and 3 mon th s a t a n estima ted co st of9 crores of rupees . The Ch ief Superintendent of the work underwhose supervi sion the fort a nd its bu i ld ing s were completed ,w as the renowned a rch i tect Muka rmma t Khan .

Thefort i s an i rregu la r octagona l in plan , w i th its two l ongsides on the ea st a nd west and six smal ler ones on the northa nd sou th . Its c ircumference i s abou t o ne and a ha lfm i les , w i th length from nor th to sou th feet and breadthfrom ea st to west feet . 0 11 th e r iver fron t the wa l ls are90 feet in he igh t w h i le th e ground level . The d itch a roundi t i s 75 feet and 30 feet deep, which wa s filled w ith wa ter du ringwa r t ime.

A fter completion of th e fort , Emperor Shah Jehan enteredit w ith gorgeou s r i tua l . Prince Dara scattered jewel s . go ld and

si lver co in s over h i s fa ther ’s head t i l l h e reached the 1nner ga te .

All the Pa lace bu i ld ings were a l re ad y d ecora ted . The floorswere covered w i th magn ificent ca rpets a nd ce i l ings

,wa l l s and

co lonades, were wrapped w ith fine brocade si lk and velvet .A gorgeous shamiay a na , cost ing one la kh of rupees was supported by 3000 strong fa rra shes . The Empero r gave a lms w ithopen hea rt . Princes , ladies of the h arem, M ini ster s and o therga ined prec iou s gifts and b ig titles, and Mukarmma t Khanreceived the high rank of Panel;Ha z arz

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R ed Fort 1s indeed a very pla in and una ssuming name, but1n 1ts good go ld days of depa rted glory i t bore grea t names ,Sha h Jeha n a nd Aura ngz eb ca l led i t ‘

Qila -e-Muba rak’ or the

fortuna te c i tadel . In the t ime o f Akba r Shah II and BahadurSha h i t wa s named a s

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Qila -e-Mullah’ or th e fort of exa l ted

d ign i ty .

No one can describe the grandeur of the fort d urlng the

da y s ofMugha l s a s a fter tha t it h as undergone many vici situdes .In 17 19 , the fort and i ts bu dd ing were grea t ly demaged b yea rthquake shocks : in 1739 Nad ir Sha h ca rried away the

famou s Peacock Throne a nd the Pa lace Trea sure to Pers ia in1759 serious ha voc w a s w rought by Ma ra tha and Ja t a ssau l tsin 1798 dreadfu l R oh i l la , named a s Gulam Qader set fire to thefort and w ithd rew, fina lly a fter the Mutiny of

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1857 manyga rdens and bu i ld ings of fort were demol i shed . Though the forth a s grea tly been reduced 1 11 s i z e and splendour it i s worth a

ca refu l visi t a s i t st i l l con ta in s many in terest ing sites .

Many h istor ica l events occurred in th i s Fort . Three eventfulcourt s were const ituted in it . The first ca se was of the la stMugha l Empero r Bahadur Shah in 1858 , the second wa s of theheroes of th e . Indian Na t iona l Army and 1he th ird was of

a ssa ss in of Maha tma Gandh i . The long fel t desire of the Ind ian sw a s fulfilled on the 15th Augu st , 1947 w hen the Na t ionalTricolor wa s unfurled by the Prime Mimster Shri JawaharlalNehru on the Fort , a nd s ince then every yea r on thi s d ay the

Tricolour i s unfur led by the Prime Min ister.

Th e Fort h as two ma in en trances named a s Lahore Ga teand Delh i Ga te . The Lahore Ga te i s in i ts western wall and

th e Delh i Ga te i s in i ts sou thern wal l . Besides these there a re

three ga tes a nd two w indows mo re , bu t of l itt le importance .

(Delh i Ga te i s now closed to the genera l publ ic) .

La h o r e Ga t e— t h e m a in en t r a n c e

This most important ga te faces Chandn i Chowk , the famousthoroughfa re of the city . In the Mugha l days there used to beheld a fest iva l known as Meena Ba z a r before th i s ga te . The

entrance a rch i s flanked by crowned towers , wh i le between thesei s a screen of chha lries, crowned b y seven ma rble domes andtermina ted by taper ing minera ts. Emperor Aurangzeb erected

b a rb a ricans as an add itiona l protection to.

the Fort . WhenShah Jehan came to know of th is

, h e w rote h 1m rega rdmg these

ba rba 1 icans tha t Yo u have made the Fort a bride , a nd set a

vei l before her face .

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De lh i Ga t e

~ De1/1 i Ga te

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As the fa ce of thi s Ga te is towa rd s old Delhi , i t i s famous bythe name ofDelhi Ga te . Its construction is

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s imi la r in designto tha t of Lahore Ga te .

E leph a n t Ga t e

On the second en trance‘

ofDelh i Ga te th ere s tand two splendid B lack Elephants of probably a ctua l s i z e ’

on each side whicha re of much interest . Or ig in a l ly , here were the figures o f two

R ajput heros,Jaima l and Fa ttah , rid ing on two elephants

w h ich were d estroyed by Emperor Au rangz eb . In 1856 AD .

12 5 pieces of these were found under ground . After combinat ion of which one elephan t w a s formed La ter on two elephantsof the same sty le w ere set up by the order of Lord Curzon

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in

1903 and these pieces were p laced in the mu seum (Mumta ztMah a l) .

Elepha n t Ga te

Ch a t t a Ch ow k

Pa ssing through the Lah ore Gate one w i l l find a vaulted ha llmea suring 268 fe et in length and 27 feet in w id th . On

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b oth sideso f the roadwa y , there a re 36 shops in t wo storeys . I t is saidtha t i t was the design chosen by Shah Jehan himself.

In the open courtya rd 200 sq . feet square, which is in fronto f the Cha tta Chowk , there was a beaut ifu l tank in the cen tre

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with a strong ba l cony at its four sides . It i s sa id tha t from

courtya rd upto the Delhi Ga te there wa s a market for officers of

low rank . Now one find s here on l y a circu la r gra ssy round .

Na u b a t Kh a n a

After pa ssing by gra ssy round one find s h imsel f benea th atwo -storeyed bui ld ing . It i s about 99 feet l ong and 68 feetw ide . Fi ve times a d ay the R oya l Band u sed to p la y in thi sl ofty ha l l on Sunda y ,

“Sacred d ay to the Sun a nd Saturda y

(the d ay of th e week on wh ich th e k ing was born ) the mus icwas kept up the w hole d ay in Mugha l days . , Through thisentrance, none cou l d pass mounted except Princes of R oy a l

Nauba t Khana

Blood . The v isitors have to pass th rough the en trance in orderto see the pa laces of the Fort .

Diw a n -i -Am

This red stand stone bu ild ing stand s on a pl in th of stone4 feet h igh . Its origina l cour tya rd wa s 500 feet long and300 feet w ide . It i s enclosed by a rcad ed ‘

Clo ister s which werebril l iantl y gilted a nd brigh tly decora ted w i th flowers. The ha l lwas wel l-decora ted w i th h i stor ica l pictures . A beaut iful

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golden ra il ing wa s fixed a round ~ th is bu i lding . In fron t of theEmperor

’s sea t wa s hung shamiyc‘

ma w ith a border of pea rl s

Din an- i-Am

on its four sides and golden embroidery work set w ith jewel s int he centre .

Qu r s i , t h e Em p er o r’

s Sea t

In the centre of the front wa l l inside the Diwan-i-Am

10 feet h igh from the ground is a ma rble recess . Ou its frontwa l l s i s the mosa ic w ork of Au st in d e Bordenux French a rtistof gen ius , representing beaut ifu l birds , flowers and fru its in the

a tural manner . At the t ime of the Mu tiny in 1857 manye jewel s and stones were picked out .

ow the throne i s a ma rble da i s mea suring some 7 feet by3 feet stand ing on wh ich the Wa z ir told the foreign news and

presented the appl ica tion s to the Emperor . In fron t of thethrone ofWa z ir wa s the space reserved for the Roj a s, Omrahsa nd ambassadors . The outer p la tform known as Gulla l Bariwa s reserved for the m inor ofiicia ls and the publ ic.

Da i l y in the morn ing , a t the presence of the Emperor, the

Roya l Da rbar wa s held here . Fi rst of a l l the roya l a rmouredhorses pa ssed awa y before the Emperor . Then the elephantsdecora ted w ith brocade a nd si lver bel l s , hanging on both sidesof thei r backs in si lver cha ins

,seemed to be very charming.

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After that d ifferen t k inds of hunting anima l s and birds were

presented to the Emperor . After 1nspect1ng the a rmy a nd other

Qursi, the Emperor’

s Sea t

t hings , the'

Emperor hea rd the appl ica tions and did j ust icebefore the appl ica n t a nd the defau l ter.

La l Pa r d a h

To the left of the Diwan-i-Am wa s a ga tewa y ca l led the La"Pa rdah , becau se a red curta in h ung there . It wa s a grea t priv ilege to enter thi s ga te . Only the Emperor’s specia l favourites,d id so a nd they were ca l led La l Pa rda ris .

R a n g Ma h a l

It i s ca l led so from the coloured decora t ion with which itformerly ad horned . The bu i ld ing mea sures 1530 feet by 690 feeta nd its cel l ing i s decora ted w ith flowers. The or igina l ceil ingwa s of s i lver a nd ornamented with golden flowers but in the

reign of Fa rrukh saya r i t wa s taken 06 a nd mel ted d own . In the

back wal l of this build ing which is towa rd s the river there a re

five beau t i ful screened w indow s from where Begums and

princesses wa tched the elephan t and w ild -beast figh ts, whichwere held on the sandy ground . In the cen tre of the R angMaha l i s a tank in wh ich there i s beau tiful lo tu s flow er l ikea cusp of the ma rble . The sheets of wa ter rising from the edges

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of th e cusp , the waving of th e plants and flowers under the

d a nc ing wa ter wou ld be nothing less than a scene of magic . It

Rang Mahd l’

s Lotus

i s sa id tha t the roof of the founta in wa s of g la ss and the reflec

t ion of the founta in seemed to b e very beaut ifu l . Outside Rang

Mahal is a kund of stone , in wh ich the wa ter of this tank fel l . Iti s five ya rds squ are and 15 ya rd s deep .

Diw a n - i-Kh a s

It is a magnificent ma rble pavillion stand ing on a 41; feet

Diwan- i-Kaa s

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high pl inth . The b a l l 1s 90 feet by 67 feet and i t s cei l ing issupported by thirty two rich l y ca rved pil la rs in la id w ith pre

cion s gems . Its origina l cei l ing w a s of silver , va 1ued a t 29 lakhof rupees , wh ich wa s l ooted by Ja t s m 1779 A .D. Over an a rch1n the centra l ha l l the famous insc ripa tion in Persian letter run sa s fol lows

If there b e a pa radise on the ea rth ,

It i s th is , it i s th is , i t i s th i s

It 15 an admitted fact tha t m those days thi s pa lace wouldno t be less than heaven . The wh ite ma rb le da i s , which tormerlystood in th i s cen tra l chamber , is sa id to have supported the

famou s Takht-e-Taus of Sha h Jehan . Th i s heaven l ike PeacockThrone was completed in 7 yea r s a t a cost of 9 crores of rupees .The throne i tsel f wa s 5 feet by 4 feet a nd wa s bu i l t of goldweigh ing 1 la khs Tola s . Its upper portio n was in la id w i th d iamonds

,rubbies , emera lds , sapph ires and other va luable gems and

the l ower one wa s of gold set w ith topa z es . On an enamel ledtree one wonderfu l pea cock , adorned w i th br ight gems , was

con structed . The canopy of the th rone wa s a l so set w i th d iamonds and w i th a border of g lorious pearl s . Some fancy verseswere written in i t w i th green en ame l . Th e th rone wa s supportedby twelve em1ald coloured stones and to a scend th e th rone abeau t ifu l si lver-made sta irca se w a s prepa red . It i s thi s wonderful throne wa s ca rried off to Pers ia by Nadir Shah in 1739 and

there i t was mel ted down .

It was here , where th e Empero r u sed to reti re a fter hismorn ing Darba r in Diwa n- i-Am , for confid entia l discu ssionw ith th e priviled ged few .

Many politica l events occurred in the Diwan- i-Kha s and i tseem s tha t thi s bu i ld ing w a s b UIIl to w itness m any colourfu lscenes ano tragedies . I t w a s h ere tha t th e splendid Da rba r ofthe Emperor Shah Jehan w a s held i t wa s here th a t th e Doctorof Ea st India Compa ny got 37 v i l lages and the order of freecustom on the company

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s good s a s a rewa rd for t he successfultrea tmen t of th e Emperor i t w as here tha t Aurang z eb murd ered hi s two brothers Dam and Mura d i t wa s here tha t NadirShah restra ined Moh ammad Sha h a nd robb ed h im of the

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famous diamond Koh i-Noor , th e Peacock Throne and th e Statetrea sure , it wa s here tha t Ghulam Qadir struck of Emperor

Diwa n-e-Khas

Shah Alam’

8 eyes and da shed h i s son to pieces ; i t was here thatMah ad oj i Scind ia got th e Cow Sa fety Order and other hightitles from Shah A lam a s a rewa rd for br inging Ghu lam Qadira s a prisoner i t wa s here th a t Sh ah Alam rece ived his rescuerLord Lake : i t wa s here tha t the old Emperor Bahadur Shah wastr ied . In 19 11 Emperor George V a lso held a Da rbar in Diwane-Kha s . In fact th i s bui lding i s bound up w ith innumerablehistorica l events .

Kh a s M a h a l

On th e n orthern s ide of Diwan-e-Kha s , i s the set of threemarble apa rtmen ts , commun ica t ing w ith o ne another . TasbiKhana or th e hou se of worsh ip , Khawa b Gah or the bed chamberand Ba ithak or the conversa tisn house .

Na h r -e -Ba h ish t or Stream of Pa radise which runs amidstthese pa l aces d ivid ing these in two equa l pa rt s . The magninoenoe of these pa lace in the Mugha l days is indescribable,when even now, without a ny decorat ion these seems to be sobeautiful.

S c a le o f Ju s t ic e

In the m iddle of Ta sh iKhana and Khawah Gah i sthe Sca le of Just ice w ith moon

a nd stars inla id in gold overthe beau t ifu l ca rved ma rb lescreen . The Emperor madei t in order to show tha t h i sJust ice w a s weighed l ike asca le. Here i s th e most h igh lyornamented screen and nothing can exceed th e genera lpoetry of the d esian . It i s sa idt ha t outs ide th e Kha wa h -Gah

a curta in was hung a nd arh apod ist rela te the ta les in

a loud voice to l ul l to sleepthe Emperor .

Ham m a n o r R o ya l B a t h

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o t u ze 0] Just ice

Near the Diwan -e-Kha s a re th e Hammams , the ba th rooms

for the R oya l fami ly . There a re three ma in a pa r tments d iv1ded

20

by passages . The first room facing the r1ver was the dressingroom and perfumed founta ins were played here d ay and n ight .The second apartment h as centra l ba sin for hot and cold bathsa s des i red . There was a s i lver jet in the centre of the tan k whichwas perfumed w i th rose w a ter . The w indows of these roomswere fitted w ith dark green coloured gla sses . The th ird apartmen t was u sed for the hot ba ths on ly . Wa ter wa s hea ted w i ththe hea t ing a ppa ra tu s wh ich is bu i l t in the west wa l l and 120

maunds of fire wood was requ i red for i ts hea ting . All theseapartments were beau tiful l y pa rted w i th marble a nd in la id w ith

precious stones

Sam m a n Bu r j

In the ea s t of Khwab-Gah is a tower crowned by an octagonal d ome . Its cupola now covered w ith l ime nlaster was

once cea sed w ith goldenpol ish copper sheet . In theMugha l t imes here the

Emperor came d a ilv a t thedawn to sa lute the risingsun and in turn receivedthe sa luta t ion of h is subjects.The custom w a s performedregu la rl y w ithout fa i l evenif the Empero r fel l i l l . In19 1 1 , the i r ImperialMajesties, K ing George Vand Queen Marry , a l soappea red from the ba lcony ofS amman Buri to have the

sa luta t ion of the wa itingcrowd ga thered on the

ground between the Fort andriver Jumna .

Sammm b ur]

Mo t i M a sj id o r Pea r l Mo squ e

Oh the northern s ide ofHamman is the Moti Musjtd . buil tin 166 2 b y Aurangz eb , for the Roya l Family a t awcost of

2 1

Interior of S amman Burj

l ilakh a nd 60 thou sand rupees . Th e mo sque i s bu i l t of whi tema rb le on a plinth of 325 feet he1gh t mea su ring some 40 feet

Al oti Ma sj id

by 80 feet a nd 20 feet h igh . I ts en tra ce is ma d e of through lybra ss sma l l ga te -o f hand some des ign . The orig ina l domes ofthe mosque were made of heav i ly g i l ten copper which weredestroyed du ring th e mu t iny a nd la ter on these marb le domeswere added .

22

Ha y ya t Ba k sh Ga r d en

Th i s w a s excel lent ga rden wh ich used to d isplay of i ts beautiful flower bed s of va riou s green pla nts a nd innumerable founta ins in its glorious da ys . Now on ly a ha l f of the or igina l ga rdena rea ex i st s a s ha l f of its western portion h a s now been occupiedby the m i l ita ry ba rrack s . In the centre of the ga rd cn was thetank wh ich w a s d ecora ted w i th 49 si lver Jets a nd besides thesewere 1 12 s i lver Jets more wh ich p l ayed a round it . Ou foursides of th e ta nk there were 6 ya rd s broa d channel s with 30play-founta ins in each .

Saw a n a n d B h a d o n

In Haya a t Ba k sh Ga rd en there a re two w a ter pavilions,

known a s‘Saw an

’

a nd‘

Bh adon ’

. The Sawa n i s s i tua ted to the

S awan

north and i s named. a fter the first month of the ra iny sea son .

The Bhad on to th e south of the ga rd en i s named a fter th e secondmon th of th e ra iny sea son . In the wa l l s of these pavilons

there a re tank s . Through t he wa ter-ways wa ter wa s constant lyb ursth ing forth gracefu l ly a nd look ing as the ra in fe l l in the firsta nd second month s of the ra iny sea son . In the n itches, flower

)

vases w ere p l aced d uring the d ay a nd l ighted tappers a t n ightwhich a ppea red l ike tw inkl ing sta rs .

24

his M in i sters . Th e centre of i ts no thern wa l l i s occupied by amarble wa ter ca se wh ich slopes into a ‘ sco l loped , marble ba s in .

Former ly i t was crown ed by a domed cupola .

Hir a M a h a l

The sma l l wh ite ma rble bu i ld ing i s si tua ted opposite toZa fa r Maha l . It mea sures 27% feet by 191 feet a nd h as threeopen a rches on each s ide . It w as bu i l t in 1842 by th e la stMugh a l Emperor, Bah ad ur Shah , in order to enjoy th e riverscene from thi s pa lace.

Na h r - i -B a h i sh t

Origina l ly. th is cana l wa s brought by Feroz Shah , in 129 1 ,from the r iver Jumuna nea r Khiz rabad , a d istance of 50 m ilesand the Empero r S hah Jehan resta rted it . I t i s sa id tha t theEmperor h ad ordered for putt ing some beau tifu l fishes into i tw ith gold w ings on thei r heads . It fed the pa laces w ith manystreams which filled their tank a nd played their foun ta ins .

Mu m t a z M a h a l

In i ts days of glory i t wa s one of the apa rtmen t for theR oya l Pr incesses and wa s ca l led a s ‘

Chhota’

R ang Maha l . Afterthe Mut iny it w a s u sed a s a m i l ita ry pri son and sa rgient

’

s messand ow ing to those rea son s i ts origina l appea rance h as beenchanged . At present i t i s being u sed a s the Archaeolog ica lMuseum .

Mu s eum s

There a re two mu seums in the Fort . The Indian war

memoria l mu seum,wh ich i s a t the ea stern s ide of the Chha tta

Chowk , w as set up after the l9 l4 - 18 and conta l ns stamps,photos , co in s and a rmoury and war ma ter ia l . It i s on the secondstorey of Nauba t-Khana .

Delhi Museum stands on th e sou th of R ang Maha l , wherethere wa s Mumtaz Maha l in the Mugh a l da ys . Here spec imen sof old manuscr ipts

.pictures , dresses , swords, etc .

, of the

Mugha l times a re exhibited .

S a lim Ga r bBetween the Fort and the river i s a citad el , known a s Sa l im

Garh . it was bu il t in 1546 bv Sa l im Shah ,son and successor of

Sher Shah Suri . When Emperor Humayun aga in returned toDelhi , he changed its name a s Naha r Garh as he did no t want

25

to let rema in h is enemy ’s name a ny more . Jaha ng i r in 1626,connected th i s stronghold b y mean s of a bridge . Dur ing Mugha ldays Sa l im Ga rh served t he purpose of a Sta te pri son .

Aurangz eb kept h i s bro thers Da ra Sh ikoh and Murad here inprison . It wa s here th a t Empero r Sha h A lam wa s impri soned .

After being b l inded by Gh u l am Qad i r . The c itadel wh ich onceh ad a grea t splendour seems toda y in a very poor cond i t ion .

En t r a n c e a n d T im e t o t h e R e d Fo r t

The Fort rema ins open from 9 A .M. to 5 P M.

A fee of 50 P. i s cha rged for a n adu l t a nd ch i ldren below theage of 15 a re a l lowed free o t

'

c h arge . Fort museum c l ose 15m inutes before the Port c loses .

Jam a M a S j 1d ,Delh i

I t i s si tua ted abou t a qua rter m i le from the fort on a rockyeminence , ca l led , Juaj a lpa h a r . It w a s th e most famou s mosquein the world a nd r iva ll ed on l y b y th a t a t Fa tehpu r S ikri . It i sbui l t of red sand stone , s im il a r t o the Fort . It i s 200 ft in

Jama AIGSJ'

id

length a nd 120 ft . in w id th a nd th e centre port ion of the d omei s 201 ft . h igh a nd i s fla nked by two m ina rs 130 ft .

h igh bu i l tin a l terna te vertica l strips of red sand stone and white ma rble

26

in a l terna te vertica l s trips of red sandstone and w hite ma rbleeach con ta in ing 130 steps . There a re three ga teway in the

mosque, the ea st ga tewa y being the la rgest . Each ga teway is

made a ccess ible by long w ide fl igh ts of stone steps . 30 stepsfac ing th e north ga te, 35 steps fa c ing th e ea st ga teway a nd 33

fac ing th e south ga teway . It was bu i l t by the Emperor ShahJeha n a t a cost of ten lacs of rupees . The work .was begun in

1644 a nd for h y e yea rs no t less than workmen were da i lyemployed in it . It wa s fina lly completed by Au rangzeb in 1658and was repa ired in 18 17, 18 5 1 , 1900 and 1956 .

M a h a tm a Ga n d h i s Sam a d h i

On the ground of R aj Gha t , a t a d istance furl ong out

side th e Del h i Ga te l ies the Samadh i . On 31st Jan . 194 8 , the

next d ay of the Fa ther o f Na t ion’s a ssa ss ina t ion h is funera l

crema t ion wa s done. S ince then the deserted ground turned upinto a nat iona l monumen t . The Samadh i l ies w ith in a cha rming and bea ut ifu l ga rden , on every Fr iday even ing a prayer ishe ld .

S amadh i of Ga ndhij i

27

There i s a beau ti ful ga rden , a round the Samadhi . Specia lprayers are held on th e 2md Oc t. a nd 3 1 Jan . wh ich a re res

pec tively the birth a nd dea th d a tes of Fa ther of Na tion .

Sh a n t i Va n

Th i s i s the p lace situa ted a t a d istance of abou t one furl ongfrom R aj Gha t . Oh 28 th May , 1964 , the next d ay ou r first

Prime M in ister Shri Jaw aha r La l Nehru’s dea th h is funera l

crema tion w a s d one . S ince then the deserted pla ce h a s turnedinto a na t iona l monumen t and prayer ’s a re held on specia locca s ion s .

Fe r o z Sh a h Ko t la

Ku shak-i-Peroz shah popu l a r ly known a s Feroz Shah Kotlasta nd s on the Ma thu ra Road . Just outside Delh i Ga te

, Delh ,The c i tad e l of th e h istoric c i ty o r Feroz abad bound ed by a 30 ft .h ige wa l l , wa s bu i l t in the yea r 1354 AD . by the EmperorFeroz Shah Tugla k . Excepting th e Ash oka

’

s 36 ft 8 inches .long stone-pi l la r imbed ed in a ma sonry , a mo sque and a Baol i(Pool , the rest of the structu res includ ing the Wa z i r ’s house nea rthe northern w a l l and th e Zanana Maha l (pa lace for Lad ies)and Diwan- i-Kha s are al l ly ing in heaps of ruin s .

Ash o k a’s Pi l la r

,De lh i

The pil lar a tta in s a heigh t‘

o f 32 ft . 7 in . The upper a nd

Ashoka’

s Pilla r , Delh i

2 8

“

l ower diameters of th e exposed length are 25 3 and inrespect i vely . Origina l l y th i s pi l la r wa s erected by the king ofM agad h Ashoka ,

in 259 BC . a t Firoz abad and wa s brough toth i s posit ion by Firoz Sha h Tugh lak 135 1- 1358 . Its supposedweight i s 37 ton s . When Finch vi s i ted Delh i in 16 1 1 th e pi l la rwa s surmoun te b y a gl itter ing g lobe and g ilded crescent wh ichw ag d estroyed by l ightn ing in l7 l5 - 19

,the pi l la r wa s thrown by

a n eXplosio n » of a powder maga z ine and wa s set up aga in by theBrit ish in 1 867 .

Ch a n d n i Ch ow k

Chandn i Chowk i s the famou s ma in Ba z a r of old Delh i . Ith a s a s trik ing l andma rk , the Foun ta in . I t h a s market of goldand s i lver cra ftsman sh ip in Ind ia jwellery and other sundrya rt icles . Ar th e begin ing of the Ba z ar there i s La ipa t R aiMarket w h ich accommoda tes a la rge number of businessmenwh o m igra ted to Delh i just a fter the Independ ence of India .

The fol low ing landma rk s a re worthy ofment ion

( 1) Dig a m b e r Ja in La l M a n d i r . Th is Temple i s S i tua tedat the Ea stern end of the Cha ndn i Chow k in fron t of the RedFo rt . Th e Temp le w a s bui l t in 1656 A .D. It adds grace andsa nctity to Delh i City The Ch ief image i s placed o n th e

Cen tra l a l ta r . Th e in terior of th e sa nctua ry i s profusely pa intedg l ided a nd ca rved d epict ing unu sua l de l icacy a nd bea uty . An

absorbing un i t of the temp le i s th e Bird ’s Free Hospi ta l .

(2 ) Ga u r i Sh a n k e r T em p le . It i s a sacred place ofworsh i p of th e Hind us . Th e bu i ld ing i s composed o f wh itestand stc ne and m a rb le . A new ha l l h a s been added to the

temple . In the temple nrec in ts there a re the ido l s of GodSh i va and h i s consort Pa rba ti, Lak shm i a nd Na ra in—LordKri shna and R adha a nd Jumnaj i .

(3) Gu r d w a r a S i s g a n j . I t i s a sacred place of the S ikhs ,erected to ma rk .

th e trad i t iona l s ite of the ma rtyrd om of thei rGuru Tegh Bahadur .

(4) Fo u n t a in . It i s a typ ica l monument of the Westernstyle bu i l t of red stand stone .

(5) Su n eh a r i Mo squ e . Stands nea r Sisganj Gurnwara , thebeaut ifu l mosque h a s gi lded domes and m ina rets .

29

(6) Tow n Ha ll . Hous ing the ofiices of the Delh i Munic i palCorpora tion ,

i s the centre of Civic Adm in i stra t ion ofDelhi . Th ebuild ing was bu i l t in 1866 A .D .

(7) Fa t eh pu r i M o squ e . S tands a t the western end ofChand n i Chow k . It i s bui l t of red stand stone paved w ith blackand wh i te ma rble t i les . Th e mosque wa s con structed in 1650A .D. by Begum , Fa teh ou ri, one of th e w i ves of the Mugha lEmperor Sha h Jehan . There i s a spac iou s courtya rd and afounta in in its cen tre .

Ja in Tem ple ,Dh a r a m Pu r a

,De lh i .

The founda t ion wa s la id by L . Her Sukh R a ij i in, , 180 3,wh ich wa s completed in 18 10 a t a cost of 8 la k h s of R upees .

It took 7 yea rs in complet ion . Th e BADI of th e temple i sbu il t of pure w h i te marble of the Ja i pu r Sta te . Th i s templeh a s been spoken of a s an a rchi tectura l gem of h ighest puri tyin w h ich both the mosa ic a nd in la id work ha ve reta ined thei rloft iest perfect ion . Th i s decora ted work i s s im i la r to the workexh ibited in the Taj . The KAMAL on wh ich th e Mu rt i ofShr i Ad i Na th Bhagvan w a s completed a t a cost of ofR upees . In the beg in ing there w a s on ly th i s BADI. But a ftera few yea rs another Murt i wa s placed a nd in the M ut iny of18 57 , Ja in s gua rded the temple w ith their hea r t. Now nea r lyevery Hindu and European d o no t go from Delh i w i thou t seeingit . In 1938 a hea vy repa i r wa s made on and a l l the o ldpa int ing s in th e dome and the wa l ls were aga in pa inted .

B ir Ia Tem ple

The Hindu Temple of modern t ime bu i l t in New Del hi woulddo honour to any c ity . This i s a grea t spec imen of the best ofth e old Aryan re l ig ions a s concei ved and adjusted to modern i sm .

It h a s been bu i l t a t a co st of severa l lakh s of rupees for Shr iSama tan Dha ram Sabha . New Delh i by the ph ilan th iopic R ajaBa ld ev Da s Birla in 1938 . The founda t ion stone w a s l a id byMaha rana Ud a i Bh a n S ingh ofDholpur on 26th Ma rch 1933.

The open ing ceremony w as performed by t he famous Pand i tVish co Na th Acha rya from Hindu Un ivers i ty a s sisted by ma nyother Pand its .

The temp le conta ins sepa ra te pl aces ”o r Shr i Lakshmi Na ra inin the middle , God Shiva to the right and God d es Durga to the

32

and comm i ttee room . Founta i n s , w a terwa y a nd ga rden s separa techambers trom o ne a no ther . Spec ia l perm i s s ion i s necessary for

Pa rliamen t House

the visi to r s . A sh in ing v iew can b e ob tained see ing the reflectionin th e tank .

Se c r e t a r ia t s

The Secreta ria ts , adjo in ing th e Presiden t ’s House, , the

founda tion stones la id by their Majest ies in 19 1 1: a t the darba rs i te can be seen in the red sa nd - stone vau l ted chambers a t thebare o t the two turrets .

Th i s w a s des igned by Herbert Ba ker a nd wa s completed a t acost of one and three qua r ters cro res of rupees in 1929 . It i snex t in excel lence to the po lit tca l b u i ld ing to the PresidentHouse a nd po ss ib ly the grea test sta te o ffice bu i ld ing in theworld . Thi s con s i sts of two grea t blocks , the north and the

south . Each b lock i s surmounted by a d ome , 2 17 feet highFrom the l ow est level of the ground tha t i s on ly 2 1 feet lowerthan Ku tub Mina r .

The bu i ld ing con s i s t s of ab ou t one thousand rooms and

approx ima tel y e igh t m i les of corr idors w ith an a ir conditioning

plan t . wh ich cool s the summer a 1r a nd w a tin s the w inter a ir, i sa no teworthv fea ture o f

‘

grea t usefu lness . Over the‘

ma in

33

entrance to Secretaria ts, both north and south , some apt

aphorism are inscribed .

S ecreta ria te

The interior decora t ion of the Secreta r ia ts is no less impos ingthan it s splend id exterior . North B lock con ta in s some beaut ifu la nd interesting pa intings d epict ing know ledge, just ice, war andpeace, spirits of th e age d anc ing mus ic and the Sou th Block ofthe foreca st of Ind ia , ho l y a nd sacred ci ties a re shown ofevery ism and the emblem s of the old k ings .

R a sh t r a pa t i Bh a w a n

R a sh trapati~

Bhawan known til l independence the Viceroy’s

Hou se , ha s a rare touch of d ign i ty a nd looks gra nd a s seen fromthe sta tel y facade It i s one of the mos t b ea th e

world , and covers the same a rea s a s the ofLondon . Bui l t of -red and white sa nd s a n

esta te of tota l area of 330 acres , includ ing 12 acres of ga rden s .It con ta in s 12; m i les of corrid o r , 340 rooms 22 7 column s , 35loggies, 3

" founta ins . - It.s inside furni sh ings a re a l l of Indian

ma teria l and it s inter ior d ecora tions leave an indel ibleimpression .

34

R ash trapa ti Bhawan consists of a centra l block surmounted bya copper dome ( 177 feet above the roadway) and fou r wings .Th irty-two broad steps , lead to the portico a nd the ma in en trance to th e Da rba r Hal l . The Hal l i s in the form of a circu la rmarble court, 75 ft . in d iameter . Groups o f yel low marblepil la rs support the dome . Th e R ash trapati

’

s Sea t faces thema in en trance and commands a - v iew of t he approach a l ongR ajpa th and the ma ss ive Wa r Memorial Arch in the d istance .

On the righ t i s the Sta te L ibra ry . A draw ing room (38 ft .square) leads to th e Bal l rooms , oppos ite the ma in en trance towhich i s a la rge draw ing room 105 ft .

”

l ong 29 ft . w ide); Nextto this i s the S ta te Din ing Room , panel led in dark w ood and

hung w ith portra i ts of former Governor-Genera l a nd V iceroys.At one end of heading for the ea st , the Coa ts of a rms of t heDomin ion s a re carved on the ba se . In the centre of the Court

Rashtrapa ti Bhawa n

i s th e Ja ipur Commemora tive Co l umn ,a gift of

’

the la te Maharaja of Ja ipur . In the Grea t Place a

’

re sta tues of five V iceroys.

At the back of the pa lace i s an Indian ga rden ,.

a combinationofHindu and Mugha l styles , which when 1llum1nated a t n1ght

l ooks heaven l y .

35

In d i a Ga t e ,New De lh i

Ind ia War Monumen t i s in the memory of th e Grea t Wa r

19 14- 18 . Its founda tion stone wa s l a id by H. R . H. The Duke

of Connaugh t , in 19 12 and opened by Lord Irw in . The inscrip

t ion reads,“To the dead of the Ind ian a rm ies who fe l l honoured

in France and Flanders . Mesopo tam ia a nd Persia , Ea st Afr ica ,

Ga l l ipo l i and el sewhere in the nea r a nd the fa r-ea st and in

sacred memory a lso of those w ho se n ames a re reco rd ed a nd wh o

fel l in Ind ia on the north -west front ier a nd dur ing the Th ird

Afga n War .

Ind ia Ga te

36

Na t io n a l St a d iu m

Na t iona l Stad ium , recently bu i l t , where Asian Games werehel d in 195 1 . It c an accommoda te abou t person s . Opena ir d a nces from a l l pa rts of the coun try held here du ringR epub l ic Da y celebra t ion in the la st week of Ja nua ry every yea r .In th e open pa rk beyond the Wa r Memoria l wa s ho isted on th e

151h August , 1947 , the green ,wh ite a nd orange flag of inde

pend en t Ind ia . May i t be ever held a loft , a n emblem of peace ,

loy e a nd non -vio lence

R a d io S t a t io n,New De lh i

The a ll Ind ia R ad io Brod ca sting Serv ice i s o rgan ised bythe iVi l l

‘

l lb l l'

V o f Informa t ion a nd Broadca st ing . Th e bu i ld ing

Rad io S torm} :

o f its own k ind sta nd s in Parl iament Street , New Delh i . It

con s ists of 14 stud ios in al l . The structure i s a specnnen of th emod ern a rchitecture in red .

38

Ca n n a u gh t Pla c e

Connau gh t Place wh ich could with better rea sons be moreappropria te ly ca l led a s

“Connaught Circus” . It i s situa ted inNew De lhi no t very fa r from Modern Delhi . Thi s i s to commemora te the memory of His Roya l Highness the Duke of Canna ugh tw ho vi s i ted Ind ia in 1920 . It i s indeed the m o st fa sh iona b leshopping cen tre of t lte Capita l and i s undoubtedly one of the

most bea utif11 1 spots in th e w or ld so bea ut iful ly planned and so

Connaught Pla ce

wel l bu i l t . Many institut ions are here . It i s c ircula r in appea rance ,

cons1sting of the inner c i rcle and the outer c i rcle . The ra d ius ofthe inner c ircle in about 947 feet .

In the centre there 15 a big founta in su rrounded by a fa ir r ingof b ea u t 1lul l awn . Though Connaugh t C i rcu s a ppea rs c i rcu la r,close ob serva t 1on shows tha t i t i s more l ike a horse shoe indesign .

Sa fd a r j a n g s T om b

Safd a rjung’

s Tomb i s the la st of the grea t Mugha l ’s tombs .Safd a rj ung wa s the second Nawab of Oudh and succeeded h is

39

uncle Sada t Khan in 1739 . The tomb stands in a beau t ifulbout five mi les from Delh i c i ty on th e w ay to Ku tub

fig?“ 20mmenced in 1 753, th e y ea r of the dea t h of Safd arj ung.

The mausoleum stands on a ra i sed terrace . Its centre ha l l , 40 ft .

h igh suppo rt s a bu l bou s dome w ith m a rb le mtna rets .

Safda rj ung’

s T

The Mausoleum stands on a ra ised terrace a t th e end of apaved wa l k once w i th a wa ter channel . It i s 900 ft . square ofthree storeys , w ith fawn -co loured stone work . In the cen tra lchamber i s the ca rved ceno taph ,

a nd in the chamber below a re

two ea rth graves . Th e v iew from the top of th e roof i s exten sive .

THE QUTUB AND ITS SUR R OUNDINGTh e Qu t u b

It i s th e name of group of monument s ly ing eleven m ilesfrom the sou th -west of De l h i , compri s ing Quwwa t-ul-IslamMosque of Qutub ud -d in A iba k

,i t s Mina r

, th e Tomb ofAltamish , th e Mada rsa (col lege ) and Ala -ud -d in Kh ilj i

’

s

exten s ion .

46

Th e Qu t u b M in a r

Th i s M ina r i s th e h ighest tower in Ind ia , the turret of wh ichonce act ing a s a sen t inel wa tch ing the movemen t of the ranks ofaggressors and now

keepi ng an eye upon theact ivit ies of th e

inhab ita nt s of Delh i a ndi t s suburbs . Al thoughthe M ina r h ad beendamaged by l ighten ingand earthquake manya time , yet i ts magn ificance i s fa sc ina t ingthe m inds of th e peoplecom ing from far and

w ide.

There a re resons tobel ieve tha t th e Qutubwas once ca l led PrithviStamb h a s i t was the

crea t ion of Samra tPrithvi R aj Cha uhan ,

the la st Hindu ru ler ofIndia . The inspira t ionto th e crea t ion of theM ina r for the Cha uh anEmperor wa s to respondthe good w i shes of h is Qutub Mina rw ife wh o wanted to ha vea da il y s igh t of the sca red r iver Jamuna from i ts heights .Following a re th e views wh ich expouse the cause of it s b eing aHindu structure :

( 1) The ga teway of i t s first storey faces to the north a s

i t w a s trad i tiona l ly the method of constructing Hind ubu i ld ings , but the doors of the other s toreys o f t h e

M ina r a re fac ing towa rds ea st which i s purely Musl imstyle of construction .

41

(2) The muslims a lwa ys get th ei r bu i ld ing s ba sed o n h ighw ide ch ab utra s wh ich i s contra ry to th e Hindu s tyle .

There i s no such chabut ra a s can be seen d ist inctlyunder a nother Mina r nea rby it indeed to be bu i l t byAla -ud -d in Kh i lj i .

(3) Ou m inu tely see ing one can note kangura s exist in thefirst storey ind ica t i ng be ll s and o t h er s ign s of Hindurel ig ion wh ich were never adopted by M us l ims .

Th e tit les of su l ta n s and th e verses from Quran w h ich a rein scribed on i t a re crea t ion of a la ter period . Howet er ,

Qutub-ud -d in Aiba k refa sh ioned it in to Musl im sty le in 1200A .D.

Qutub-ud -nin Aibak wa s the sl ave , a rmy comma nder a ndthe V iceroy o fMuh id d -ud -d in Muhamma d Ghor i ibn Sam , k ingof Gha z n i . To celebra te h i s dec i s i ve victory over the R a ipu t

forces of the Ch a uh a n King in 1 19 2 A D . on the field of Ta ra in ,

by Muhammed Ghori , Qutub-ud - d in A iba k commened the

m ina r according to one of the in scri pt ion w h ich run s “Am i rs

of Am i r . Commander- in -Ch ief the Ch ief, in the Sta te Qutub .

”

Th is M ina r i s an adjunct to the mosque ca l led Quwwa tu- l- Isla rn .

Th e purpose of i ts erect ion w a s twofold to overawe the infidelsand to the a z an from i ts height .

In the days of Qu tub-ud -d in Aiba k the m ina r cou ld b ereshaped not more than i t s first s torey on l y . I t wa s Sham s-udd in Al tama sh , th e Turk of Alb a ri tri be a nd slave successors andson - in - law of h i s slave m a ster Qutub ud -d in A ibak to ha ve thecred i t of Superimpos ing th e second an d th ird storey u pon i t in12 10 A .D . R est of th e storey s w i th cupol a a re add i t ion byFiro z e Shah Tugh la k in 1357 A .D.

It i s sa id tha t once th e M ina r h ad seven storeys in a ll

a tta in ing a heigh t of 300 feet Bu t now there have been rema incd five storeys on ly . There a re 379 c irclua r stone steps lead ingto i ts height , i .e . , 233 feet 8 inches . Th e height of each storeyonsisting a number of steps i s a s under

First or thelowest storeySecond storeyTh i rd storeyFourth storeyFifth storey

42

233 ft . 8 in

Qutub Top

379 steps

44

The diameter of t he M ina r at' i ts ba se i s 47 feet and i t is

9 feet a t i ts top . Each storey i s separa ted by a ba lcony . Therei s a wonderful ca rv ing on i t bea ring th e test imony of the Ea sterna nc ient eng ineers . The red sandstones finely decora ted w i thca rved sch ro lls were u sed in the con struct ion of first threesto rexs . In th e fourth and the fifth Storeys ma rble toow a s ut i l i sed . Oh th e top of the fifth storey there w a s a cupola12 1

'

t lOin . h igh . It was d amaged by l ightn ing a nd wa s

repa ired by S ikanda r Lod h i in 1503 A .D. In 1803, th e cupola

w a s d estroyed a nd thrown d ow n by a n ea rthquake . But it wasaga in rep l a ced by Major R obert Sm i th . an Execut ive Eneineerin 1828 a t th e cost of R s. Fina l l y . in 184 8 AD LordHa rd inge removed i t and now i t is placed nea r the QutubM ina r .On the ga tewa y of each storey there i s an inscription

, thetran s l a t ion of wh ich goes l ike th i s .

Oh the en trance d oorvt ay“The Prophet (on whom th e God ’s blessing a nd peace) sa id ,

He w ho bu i ld s a mosque fo r God . God w i l l bu i ld for h im as im i la r hou se in pa ra d i se.

”The Mina r d uring th e re ign of

S ikanda r Shah w a s inju red a n d was destroyed as wel l a s itsupper storey were repa i red in

R ecord ing on the doorwa y of the second storey is tran sla ted

The c omplet ion of thi s bu i ld ing wa s commanded byAltamish .

”

Over th e ga tewa y of th e th ird storey“Th e crea t ion 0 1

~

i t w a s ordered during the reign ofAltamish .

On the fifth storey i t i s“The ed ifice bu i l t by Firo z e Sul tan . No d oubt this grea t

ed ifice w a s construc ted und er the auspices a nd oa tronage ofmo st of the Mu s l im rulers

,b ut the a rt i st ic skillnes h ad been

con tribu ted by th e Hind u eng ineers a nd a rti sans . From it sh eigh t the Landscape of De l hi a nd New Delh i i s worth seeing .

R each ing upon its summ it , the Kings and Qultans of Khi lj i andTugh lak dyna st ies wa tched th e forces of the i r foes and friendsI t i s from th i s heigh t tha t Mahmud Tugh lak saw the camps of

46

Lt . Col . H.A . Newel l observes“The w a l l s a re of Pa than . b u t the richly w rought p i l lars

a re the spo i l s ofHindu , Ja in and Buddhist shrines founded ini ts v ic in ity .

Cunn ingham w rites“Some of these pi l l ars may st i l l be seen in the proper .

He further rema rk s“To concea l Hindu decora t ion , every pa rt of the mosque

w a s pla stered and proposely ornamented w i th flowers and textsfrom the Quran a nd designs of va rious sorts Time h a s, however . destroyed the pla ster a nd the Hindu work i s once exposedto view

.

”

Sir Henry Sha rps says

The trabea te st ructure show s tha t the Aryan s Were employcd in its erection ,

it w a s doubtles s Hindu too who covered thesurface w i th a n exqu i s ite l ace w ork of Tughre lettering andflowered pa t tern s . The genera l effec t is pecu l ia r. ”

The mosque w a s con structed piecemea l in a recta ngu la rform mea su ring 150 ft ft . w i th the ma ter ia l taken fromtwen ty -seven temples other than tha t of the demol i shed oneknown a s Vishnu Mand i r . Art i st ica lly carved pi l la r s 35 ft .h igh a re stand ing in five row s . For the lad ies to say prayertwo rooms were con structed . Subsequen t ad d ition a nd amendments were made by the emperors A ltmish and AIa -ud -d in .

From the a rch itectu ra l po int of view th i s mosque i s of grea ti nteres t . The ma in entrance i s a doomed ga te . The pra yerh a l l w a s screened off by a wa l l 811 . w i th a series of lo t ry a rches .I t wa s bu i l t of red a nd yel low sa ndstone . The fa in t and d imimpression of lace-work of del ica te ca rving of Hindu workmansh ip s ti l l offers the e legance of the mosque . For more thanth irty yea rs i t h a d been serving the purpose of a Jama mosqueo t

’

the Su l tan s of Delh i ."

11 i s now in a complete ruin . But

w ha t i s left h as been ca reful ly preserved by Archaeolog ica lDepa rtment .

Th e Ir o n PiPIa r

In the centre of the courtya rd of the mosque Quwwat-ul-gIslam i s fixed a n iron p i l la r. I t revea l s tha t the science andc iv i l iz at ion of India was a t i ts zen ith of progress when the

47

w estern countries were unaw a re of world civ il iz a t ion i tself. It

i s a solid piece of i ron 32 ft . 8 in . h igh . The diameter a t it s

Iron Pilla r with Mosque

b a se i s 6 ft . 4 in . a nd i t i s 2 ft , 4 in . a t th e top . It h a s been

fastened by eigh t stron g ba r s in t he ground Th i s h a s a verysmooth surface over which some st ra nge cha racters ha ve beeninscribed in San skr i t . The tra n sla t ion of th i s San skri t p : ece i sa s under

He , on who se fame w a s inscribed by the several , when inba ttle in th e Va nga coun trie s . kneaded a nd tu rned back w i thhi s brea st th e enem ies , w h o u n it ing together , came aga in st h im .

- he, by w hom h aving crossed in w a rfa re the seven mouths ofthe r iver . Indus , S indhu ,

the Va h lka s were conquered— he b ythe breez es of whose powers the southern i s even st il l pe rformed—he the remnant of the grea t l owing hea t of a burned o ut fire ingrea t forest even now lea ves no t the ea rth , though he, the kingas if wea ried , h as qu itted th is earth , and h a s gone to the otherworld , moving in bod i ly form to the land of paradise won bythe merit of his act ion , bu t rema in ing on thi s ea rth by thememory of his fame . By whom the klug—who a tta ined sole

48

supreme sovereignty in the world , acqu ired by his owner andenjoyed for a long time, a nd wh o ha ving the name of Chandraca rried a beauty of coun tenance, l ike the bea uty of ful l moon .

—hav ing in fa i th fixed h i s m ind upon the God (Vi shnu) , loftystandard of the Divine wa s set upon the h i l l ca l led “Vishnupad .

When did King Chandra reign and who he was Is sti l lshrouded in obscur i ty . No two w ri ters agree so fa r a s the

manufacture a nd erect ion of this Pi l la r i s concerned . One goesto the one extreme and th e other goes to the o ther extreme , b utwhere they meet they sa y tha t the Pi l la r must have been bu i l ta nd fa stened by some Hindu k ing . They ident ify th is kingw ith Chandra Gupta I I Vikrama d itya of the Gupta dyna sty(308—4 13 A .D. ) wh o ruled over a major pa rt of Northern Ind iaduring the 4 th century A .D. It h a s a l so been surm ised tha tthe Iron Pi l la r bore origina l ly the effigy of sun bird Ga ruda and

stood in fron t of a Vishnu temp le .

Many stories regarding th e erection of th i s pilla r are interw oven together . Accord ing to Say yad Ahmad Khan , the

Pi l la r w a s constructed by R aja Ma hadev in 895 B .C. Anothera u thori ty Mr . Prinsep in h i s tran sla t ion of the s ix l ines of theo rigina l pa ssage in Sa nskri t observes tha t i t w a s bu i l t by RajaDh a v a ,

who ru led over Delh i in the third a nd fourth centuryA .D . Th i s v iew h a s been rejected by Bhau Daj i

,a Sankrit

scho l a r . He op ines tha t th e Pi l lar was bu il t by Ma ha rajaChan d ra in honour of God , Vi shnu in front of the templeded ica ted to tha t God , and i t was ca l led Vishnu La th . It isprobable tha t the Pi l lar was bui l t by Maha raja Chandra whom igh t h ave been one of the kings inMewar dyna sty .

a -d ays the Pi l la r is known a s Loh Stambh .

”

Some say tha t thePi l la r wa s set or igina l ly in the c ity of Ind raprasth in the

t ime of Ma habha ra ta . La ter on i t might have been taken toB iha r. the anc ien t coun try ofMagad h a . Fina l ly it was broughtto Delh i a nd was set up in the fron t of Vishnu Ma ndir by aR ajpu t King Anangpal Toma r in the eleven th century A.D. as

th e name of the sa id king i s a lso inscribed on the year 1 012A .D. According to a t radit ion ,

“some Prob it told KingAnangpa l .

“Your empire h as become permanent as the Pil larrest s on the head of a grea t snake Sheesh Nag. As long as

49

the Pil la r i s there no ha rm can come to your empire. Themomen t the Pil la r i s removed , the empire w i l l be no longer inyour possession .

” Unwi sel y the k ing put the prophecy madeby the Proh it to a test and o rd ered for the removal of thePil la r . The lower end was seen blood-stra ined . He then triedhis best to refix it on i ts place b ut cou ld no t fa sten it a s firmlya s i t was before. It i s sa id for th i s rea son th e reign of Tornardyna sty did not la st long .

During the reign of Mohammad Shah , Ind ia wa s invadedby Nadir Shah . The invader happened to vi si t the Qutab.

His a ttent ion was d iverted to the i ron Pi l la r . He wan ted to

have it pu l led ou t but the p i l la r wa s so firm tha t i t cou ld no t

be uprooted . At la st the ca nnon wa s fired a t it b ut it left onlya sl igh t impression on surface wh ich sti l l can be seen .

R egarding th is Pil lar rema rk s g iven by some au thorities are

interesting to noteCunn ingham says :“The Iron Pil la r ofDelhi i s one of the most curious monu

ments of India . Many la rge works of meta l were, no doubtmade in ancient times , such for instance a s the celebra tedcollossus of R hodes and giga ntic sta tu s of Buddh ist which are

descr ibed by Hieun Tsang . But a ll of them were buil t ofpieces welded together wherea s the Delhi Pillar i s a sol id shaftofmixed metal .”

Mr . Newell rema rks“It i s a forged bar of pure unrusting iron nea rly 24 feet

high and sa id to weigh six ton s , graceful ly moulded a t the tcp,and so strong tha t a cannon wasfi red a t i t d id a l ittle injury.

Th e Hindu s were able to do this piece of forging some centuriesago .

Fol lowing elements have been dissolved by Sir R obertHedfield

'

on mak ing a chemica l a na lysis of th e iron of the Pi lla r :Carbon p .c .

Si l icon p .c .

Su l phur p . c .

Phosphorous O 1 14 p .c .

Manganese Nil

Iron p .c .

'

50

Th e Ala i Da r w a z a

At a d i stance of a few feet south ea st from the QutabM ina r. there stand a b ig ga te ca l led Ala i Darwaza . It was

bu ilt of red -sa nd-stone r ich ly ornamented w ith design 1n rel ief by'

Ala-ud—d in Khilj i in 1310 A .D . It is the most magnificent

ga te in the world . The plann ing of the ga te way i s squaremeasuring 351 feet interna l ly and 55 1 feet externa l ly . The

height of the wa lls 1s 47 feet from the floor to the cel l ing havinga thickness of 1 1 feet . There are two w indows closed byma ssive screens ofma rble la ttice work at each corner of theb uild ing . Abou t this ed ifice, Mr . Fansh ave says ,

“The Ala iDarwaza i s not on l y the most beaut iful structure a t the QutabMina r, but i s one of the most beaut iful specimens of external

po l y eh rema tic decora tion not merel y in India , b ut in the'

wholeworld , wh i le the carving s of inter ior may chal lenge comparison

Ala i Da rwaz a

w ith any wo rk.

of the kind . Both exterior and interior meritdetailed and leisurely examined .

”

52

Ch h a t r i (Cu pola )

In the south-east of the mosque there is a Bengal i Chha tri .

Once it crownded the minar in place of the Chattri erected byFeroze Shah Tugh lak . In 1848 this chha tri was removed bythe order ofLorder

‘

Hard inge which was once constructed at a

cost of R s. by Major Smith in 1828

In the Mughal garden there is a Dh0 0p Ghari . In the

memory of Mr. Gardon Sanderson this‘

gh ari was founded .

Mr. Sanderson was the Superintendent in the Archaeol-

og1cal

Department ( 19 10—1914 A .D. ) He planted trees, made the

ground gra ssy , pa ths and such other reforms for the converuence

of the visitors. Mr . Sanderson received such fa tal injun es i n

French w ars that he could not serviva and expired in 19 15 A.D.

the inscription on it means “Light rema ins while darkness

passes” .

Lat no}It was a stronghold and was buil t by Maha raja Anangpal

in 1066 A .D. The ramparts of th is Kot were 60 feet high a nd

30 feet thick . It was enc losed by wa l l s in a circui t of 21 mi les .There were th ree b ig ga tes in the fort each 17 feet wide. Exceptthe wa l l s on the western side of the fort i t has become a groupof ru ins . There are e igh t towers in the Kot, the remains o f

which are quite vis ible .

R a i Pit h o r a Ko t

Day by Day the inva sions from west by the Musl ims h adbecome frequent . Consequently Maharaja Prithvi Raj extendedb ounda ry of Lal Ko t to the extent of seven and a h a lf m ilesSayyad Ahmad Khan i s of 0 pinion tha t i t was buil t in 1 14 3

but Cunn ingham g ives the yea r of construction a s 1 148 . The

fort con ta ined ten ga tes . There were twenty seven temples o f .

Hindus . Ja in a nd Buddh ist communi ties . These t emples wered emol ished by the Musl im invaders . The richly ca rved pillarsand other ma teria l was ut ilised to bui ld their mosques.

Tom b o f Al ta m ish

The tomb i s si tuated to the north-west side of the VishnuMandir . The credit of consructing the Tomb

‘

goes to

53

R aziah Sul tana , the daughter ofKing Altamish . It is sa id to beo ldest extent in Ind ia . It is the Hindu art / a nd des ign app l iedto a Muslim construction . . It was bui l t w i th red stand stone

Tomb of Altamish

and marble, and was completed in 1236 A.D. Marble .was used’o n ly in the centra l Meh rab a nd in the conotaph in the midd leof the tomb chamber.

The identifica tion of th i s tomb a s tha t of Altamish i s ra thera controversia l pomt; No inscr ipt ion i s there which can establ ish th e fact tha t i t rea l ly belongs to Altamish . In Fatuha t-e

Feroz e Shah i, no doubt , reference can b e {ound to t he col legea nd the tomb of Altamish as possessing corner towers , p il la rsand concrete flooring . Bu t a ccording to Sir Joh n Marsha l l , the

d escript ion more accura tel y appl ies to Su l tan Ghori’

s Tombra ther than the Tomb of Sultan Altamish . From a n in script ioni t i s learn t th at .the tbmb in question was erected by Altamishfor his son.

The plan of the bui lding is a square a t the lower part and

circular a t the top as possessed a circula r doom.

Th is minsr stands 153 ft . north Minar.

was commenced by King Ala

ud -d in Kh ilj i, but coul d not becomp leted as the King diedin 13 l5 A .D. The heigh t of

thi s tower wou l d have been500 ft. had it been completed .

Now i t i s 70 ft. above t h eplinth or 3 7 ft . above the

ground . As per orders of i tsbu i lders . the circumference o f

th is mina r would h ave beend ouble tharr tha t of Quta bM ina r . The work on the 1nner

as well as f outer wa l l s of thetower i s of a coarse qua l ity .

Ala Ln d -d in’

e Ma d a r sa

To the south-west of the Ala i Minormosque, there a re the rema insof Ala-ud -d in

’s Col lege known as Ala-ud -d in’s Mad aM From

the appea rance of fabrics rema ins one can very wel l surnitse itspicturesque position in the d a ys of it s bu ilder . It was bu il t inrec tangula r form , the entrance was from the north side througha triple ga teway .

Ah -u d -d in’

s Tom b

Ou the south of the courtway of Ala -ud -din’

s Madarsa thereis a l oca tion of Ala -ud -d in tomb . The structure wa s formerl ycovered by a d ome but now i t h as been fa l len . Some rema insst i l l ex isting show s the projecting portion ,

the screen wa l l on its

western side and some rows of sma l l chambers on i ts westernside .

Tom b o f Kam a li a n d Jam a li

It i s situa ted a t a d istance of ha lf a mile to south ea st ofQutab Mina r . The tomb is buil t of white marble . Drawing

55

and pain ting on inner side of the tomb

Tomb of Kama li a nd

Yo gm a ya’

s Tem p le

The temple stand s a t a distance of 2 50 ya rd s from th e QutabM ina r . From the s tudy of Bh agw a t Pura n we come to kn ow tha tYog aya wa s a sister of Lord Krishana . Th e cruel King Kansawan t to k i l l h er b ut anyhow she escaped dea th and soaredhigh up in the sky . She made a prophecy abou t the birth ofShri Kr i shna wh o wou ld stop the a troci ties perpetra ted by R ajaKan sa .

According to a tradition the present temple i s situa ted a t thesame sport of the temple bu i l t by Ma ha raja Yud h ish ter in th e

days of Mah ab hara t . The presen t temple wa s con structed byLa la Sid hoomal in 1827 A .D . The a rea of the temple i s 400feet square a tta ining height o f 42 feet . In side the temple therehave been placed two beauti ful fa ns . In between the fan s theidol of god h as been placed . Ou tside the temple there h asbeen l ying a big cage in which the idol s of two pathers can be

The description given by Mr. Keene is interesting to read

56

In a marble floo red and flat-roofed room 17 ,square feet ,

en tered through doorway With a marble flame i s tenderly kepta black sacred stone concea led in tinsea l and clothed in ama rble vei l two feet wide and one feet deep .

Ad am Kh a n’s Tom b

At a d istance of abou t ha lf a m i le to the -South West ofQutabM ina r stands a monumen t ca l led Adam Khan

’s Tomb otherw iseAdam Khan

’s Durgah seventeen feet high above the groundlevel . It w a s constructed by Akba r, the Grea t , in 1526 A .D.

on the dea th of Adam Khan . Ad am Khan wa s a big genera lin Mugha l a rmies . Sand-stone of sky-b lue colour was u sed in

an octagona l form . Lod i style wa s adopted for the structure .

Ba o li

There a re two artificial wel l s nearby to the south of theAdam Khan ’s Tomb a t a d istance of abou t 100 ya rds . Thesewel l s are ca l led Baolies In each Baoli there are five t iersEach t ier na rrows down when it d ecend s to the bottom . Thereare abou t 150 steps lead ing to the wa ter leve l . Th e Baolimea sures 133 feet by 35 feet . In the ra iny days people enjoyd i ves when th e Baolies a re filled w i th wa ter .

Du r g a h Qu t a b S a h ib

To th e south -west ofQutab M ina r a t a d istance of abou t onea nd a ha l f m i le there i s another monument ca l led Durgah QutabSah ib . King Altamish got it con structed . Qutab-ud -d in Bakht ia r Kak i was a wel l- know n She ikh . He was born a t Guja ra ta nd d ied a t Delh i in 1235 A D Here a re graves of some Mugha lru lers and thei r rel a t ives . Kin g Ba h ad ur Sha h , th e la st Mugha lru ler wh o d ied a t R angoon ,

h ad a l so selec ted a place here forh is gra ve .

Su l t a n Gh o r i 5 T om b

Sul tan Ghori (w h o d ied in 1231 A .D. ) wa s the son of KingAltamish . Th e tomb bea ring h i s n ame h as been constructed tothe wes t of Qutab M ina r in th e v i l lage named Ma likpur f The

mau so leum i s bu i l t of wh i te ma rb le .

Gh i a s -u d—d in ’

s Tom b

Close to the tomb of Qu tab Sah ib , there i s a l so the tomb ofGhia s-ud -d in Ba lban wh o died in 1286 A .D. Now it h as becomea ma ss of ruins on ly . Ba lban was the slave of King Altamish .

57

After the dea th ofNasir -ud -d in Ba lban held the t i tle of emperorby d in t of h is ab i l i ty and bra very . His bel oved son wh o d iedin 1284 a t La hore wa s buried in the vicin i ty .

Bh im’

s Ch h a t a n k i

It is a big stone ly ing abou t one and a ha lf m i le away to the

w est of Qu ta b M ina r. Bh im wa s one of th e five Pa ndavas of

Maha bh ara t . Acco rd ing to trad ition , th is hea vy stone wa s as

l igh t in weigh t for Bh im a s th e w eigh t of a Ch h a tank . It ind ica

tes the bra very a nd phys ica l strength of Bh im .

Tu gh la k Fo r t a n d Tom b

I t is a t a d istance of 12 m i les south of De lhi . I t w a s a

m assive st rongh old bu i l t by Gh ia s-ud -d in Tughlak on a rocky

Taghlak Fort and Tanib

em inence in 1324 A .O . It w as strange th a t ranges of tow ersa nd bastions rendered th e stronghold pract ica l l y impregnable toa ttack ‘ b y any m il ita ry method practised in the

”

forteen th

een tmy . The fort has 13 ga teways , 7 tank s and a remarkable

well 80 ft . d eep in the so l id rock s . The defences consisted of

58

w alls rising above the rocks to a heigh t of 40 I r. a ? n .

Parapet and then another 11 ft . of wall. The walls”

were th ina nd sol id in structure. l ama Masj id and Buq

’

Mandirflwere thetwo most importa n t build ings of Tughlakabad of which rema insa re now on l y traceable. It is to be noted here, tha t

'

the construction of such colossal bu ild ing being comp leted 111 two yea rsand the name itself Burj Mand i r indica tes that probablyTughlakabad was another mod ifica tion of some pre

-existingHindu bu ild ing .

Ha u z Kh a s

The grea t tank extending 70 acres in area wa s bu il t in 1295

A .D. by Ala -ud -d in and repa ired by King Feroz Shah in 1354

A .D. It i s now ruined and crop i s cul tivated on it . Here isthe tomb off eroz Shah Tugh lak . In s ide the tomb a re buriedNa sir-ud -d in Mohammed Shah , son of Feroz Shah and

S ikandar Lodi. son of Na sir-ud -d in . Outside the tomb thereammany tombs of the Ami rs of the t ime of Sikandar Lodi .

It i s situated abou t _8 mi les from De lhi nea r Okhla Ra i lwaySta t ion . Trad ition say tha t i t stand s on the same grounds of

a temple buil t a s ea rly as , 3000 B .C . The oldest pa rt of the

p resent temple was bui l t in 1764 A .D. Ka l i Dev i ’s idol placedin the centre of the temple i s completel y covered with brocadeand red cloth It is enclosed on three sides by a red sandstoneand wh ite marble ra i l ing . Th i s place i s very sacred to the

Hindus . On every Tuesd a y, a fa ir i s held b ut two times in a

yea r—on 8th d ay of Cha it“

and Asauj mon th of Hindu yea r therea re held big fest iva l s ;

Ni z am m n d in’

s Tom b

It is the tomb ofNiz ammud in ,a renowned sa int , situa ted

5 m i les from Delh i . It i s rega rded by th e Musl ims as one of

the sacred pl aces of the pilgrimage in Ind ia . Th i s mausoleum

was erected by Md . Tughlak ( 1324 Fol lowers of the sa tnt

tel l wonderful stories of the cares Wrough t by the v i sitors.

The

mosque is the grave of the beaut i ful daughter of Shahj ahan ,Jahan Ara Begum . Toward s the ea st are the graves of

60

rema ins of th e emperor were removed from the Old Fort . wherehe d ied in 15 56 , and buried in the place where they now lie.

Th e site for the mau soleum wa s selected by the EmperorHumayum h imself a nd on h i s dea th i t was bu il t by his w idowHamida . Bano Begum , popu la rly known as Nawab Haj i Begum,

the mother of Akba r , the Grea t . The tomb was commencedin 15 56 A .D. and wa s completed in 1569 A O . a t a cost ofsixteen la khs of rupees .

The tomb is ful l of tragedie memories . It conta ins the gravesofHumayun ,

h i s w i fe , the i l l- l'

a ted prince Da ra Sh ikoh , the heira pparent to Shah Jehan , murdered by his younger bro therA ura ngz eb Emperor Jah andar Shah ( 17 12 Furrukh siyar

A lamgir-II etc .

To m b M o squ e o f Is a Kh a n

Close to Huma yun ’ s Tomb i s Isa Khan ’

s

‘

Tomb . It is nameda fter a noble of Sher Sha h ’s t ime who was buried in 1547 . It

Tomb Mé squefl Isa Khan

was or igina l ly profuse l y decora tea w ith encau stic t i les . The

oc tagona l tomb , w ith it s ra i sed outer ga l lery and pavil ionsround the tomb h a s been much admired .

61

Inside the dome chamber exist two large graves and foursma l l graves . The monumen t over the grave of Isa Khan ,

i s ofmarble and red sandstone .

The mosque stands just west of the tomb . I t stands on apla tform 3 feet h igh and consists of a s ingle prayer chamberwh ich i s divided in to three pays . The inter io r o f th e mosqueis simple and the floor of the chamber i s pla stered . The mosqueh as one big dome and two sma ll domed pavi lion s supported bvsome pil la rs on both sides of the ma in dome.

Old Fo r t

I t was bui l t a t the t ime of the Pandava s i s pretty certa in .

Severa l region s followed one after the other during the enormou s

Old Fort

epoch of the la st h y e thousand yea rs but‘

the very regi ster ofsettlemen ts report s designate tha t l oca l ity by the name ofIndrapra stha . To i ts south there i s an octagona l room goingby the name of Sher Manda l wh ich must have been a rena w i ththe temple . It a ppea rs tha t the la ter structure w a s u sed a s a sacrificia l a lter by Pandava s . Poss ibly the place was orig ina l ly ca l ledSurya Manda l for the Pandavas ‘

were the Sun worshippers .Besides according by Sha stra s the sun temple must be octagona l .In the time of Sher Shah Suri , however , a s it often the ca se thename was a l tered to Sher Mandal .

62

Sh e r Sh a h Mo squ e

The mosque i s some 172 feet by 52 feet and 52 feet inheight , i s bu i l t o f sha rply chisel led red sandstone, relieved w ithm a rble, slate a nd coloured stonework . There a re sma ll pinh aoles . at the corners and a bold dome in the centre , the h atroof i s crenel la ted a l ong the sky l ine and -the facade consists offive horse sh oe

“

arches . The mosque is the’ ‘

example of thea rtistry of the Indo-Afghan School .

Sh er Ma n d a l

Just to the sou th of the mosque is an octagona l two storeyedbui ld ing ca l led ‘

Sher Mand a l ’ . I t i s bui l t or red sand stone and

surround ed by an open pavi l ion . It was here tha t, EmperorHumayun met w i th a n accident , wh i le coming down the

sta irca se of th e l ibra ry, he received a morta l wound -

and dieda fter some mon ths .

The Delh i Zoo is situa ted near the historica l“

Old Fort ,on Ma thura R oad , New Del h i . It i s Open to publ ic v isit da ilybetween 9 A .M . to 5 EM . Entry tee i s pa1sa

‘for adu l ts,a nd 10 pa ise for ch i ldren between the ages of 5 and 13 years .Ch i ldren below 5 yea rs are admi tted free.

Ok h la

Okhla i s s itua ted off the Ma thu ra R oad , about 13 k i lometres

(8 m i les) away from Delh i . Agra Cana l h ad been taken out

fromR i ver Jamuna a t Okh la . The head-works was opened‘

1n

Ma rch 1874 and con s ists of“

weir , underslu ice , cana l-head- lock‘

a nd R iver Tra ining Wo rks , Okh la ,bes ides being a n anglers

’

pa rad i se , i s an idea l p icn ic resort having the pr iv i lege of r ivers ide cha rm w i th th e new ly bu i l t chi ld ren

’

s pa rk . The ma 1n

p icn ic spot a long the bank h as been converted into a terracedlawn w i th good sea ting arrangemen ts . The road leadmg to the

picn ic a rea i s spread .

GENERAL INFORMATION

(a ) Area 1497 Sq. Kms. (578 sq . miles) .

(b) Papnlation 45m m(1971 bensus)

63

239 meters (78 5 ft.) above sea level.

C limate Winter Mean Max . 33-7°

C (92 66°F)

Mean Min . 6 8°

C (44 24°F)

Summer Mean Max . 4 1’

2°

C

Mean Min . 2 1°

4°

C

Ra infa l l 66 centimeters

( Mid . June to end ofAugust)

Sea son October to March

(e) Type of cl othing required

Wa rm cl oth ing in Wlnter

Cotton in Summer .

(f) Language spoken Hind i , Urdu, Punjabi and Engl ish .

TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS

Air Connectrons

Del h i is an Interna tiona l Airport and is

served by Air Ind ia . Aeroflo t , Air ,France

, Aryans , Afghan . Airl ines , Bri tishOversea s , A irways Corpora tion , Ind ianA i rl ines Corpora t ion . Lufthansa GermanA irl ines , Pan American World A irways

,

Qanta s Empire Airways , R oya l DutchA irlines and R oyal N*

nal Airlines Corpora tion .

(b) Ra il Connec tion Delhi is connected by rail with all themajor cities of India .

Delh i i s connected w ith a ll the majorcities of Ind ia by regu la r a ir service sopera ted by the Ind ian Airl ines Corpora t ion . These a re Ca ravella servicesl ink ing Delh i w ith Bombay , Ca lcuttaand Madra s . There a re a l so V iscoun tSkymaster Fokker Friendship and Dakotaservices .

64

The R a i lways operate a special train betweenDelhi and Agra ca l led the Taj Express.leaving New Delhi R a i lway Sta tion

-

a t

hrs returning to New Delh i at 22-05 hrs.

the same d ay .

N.B . Foreign tourists may kindly contactthe North ren Ra i lway tourist Guide .

Commercia l Branch . Ba rod a HouseCurzon R oad , New Delhi (Tel fora ssistance in ra i lway bookings.

R oad Transport Delhi is connected by road with all themajor ci ties in Ind ia .

Bus Delhi i s connected by regula r bus servicesw ith Agra , Alwa r, Amri tsa r , Bhara tpur.Chandigarh , Dehrudun , Ja ipur . Hardwar.Ma thura . Mussoorie, Na in ita l, Nangal.Pa tia la , Almora etc .

DELHI SIGHTSEEING

COACH TOURS OPERATED BY INDIA TOUR ISMDEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (ITDC)

Starting from and Indj a Tourism DevelopmentReserva tion a t Corpora tion L-Block ,

hrs. to h rs R ad ial R oad No . 6.da ily) Connaught Place. New

Delh i .

New Delh i Summer to h rs Jantar Manta r, IndiaTour I Deluxe Ga te, Humayun ’

s Tomb.Da i ly Win ter to h rs. Qutab Minar, LakshmiA/C Narayan Temple.

0 1d De lh i Summer to 13 40 h rs. Ferozeshah Kotla ,Tour 11 Deiuxe R ajgha t , Shan ti Van . Jamawinter Daily 1330 to hrs. Ma sjid R ed Fort .A/C

66

DELHI S IGHTSEEING COACH TOURS OPEBYDELHI TRANSPORT CORPORATION

Sta rting from and

R eserva tion a t

(07 00 h rs .

to h rs. da i ly)

NEWDELHI toTour I h rs.

Da ily

OLD DELHITour 11 h rs.

Da i ly

Summer Time

Tour I to hrs.

Tour II to h rs.

Fa resTour ITour IITour I and 11 taken on same day

TO AGRA BY TAJEX PRESSDep . A .M . New Delh i Ra ilway Sta t ion . Arr. P.M .

Arr . A.M . Agra Cantt . R ly . Sta tion Dep . P.M.

R eturn Fa re First Class Second Cla ssAir Cond i t ioned R s. 100/ R s.

R s. 2 18}CONNECTING SIGHTSEEING TOURS of the city are ava i l

able (by Bus) a t Agra . The . tours cover Fa tehpur S ikr ibefore lunch) , Agra Fort , Taj Maha l (after lunch) Conducted coach tour tickets a re sold in the tra in prior to a rr iva la t Agra , and a t Northern R a i lway R eserva t ion oflice , NewDelhi from 10 A.M. to 4 P .M .

,i

Delh i Transport Corporat ion Othee (Near Air

France) . Ist Floor .Scind ia House

,

’

Con

naught Place New Delh i .Tel No . 4509 .

Janta r Manta r, IndiaGa te, Humayun

’ s Tomb .

Qutab Mina r , LakshmiNa rayan Temple .

Ferozeshah Kotla , R ajgha tShanti Van . Jama Maj id ,Red Fort .

67

BUS FARES

(1) Ordinary

(2) Deluxe

(3) Deluxe including rinks

Deluxe includ ing cold drink , lunch tea

(5 ) A ir Condit ioned Coach

Coa ch fa res a re less b y R s. on Frid ays when there is noen trance fee to mounmen ts.

By Coach (Da ily) ‘

De luxe The tour covers Taj Mah a l, AgraFort a nd S ika ndra Fa res (inc lusiveof lunch tea )

Delh i Dep . hrs R s. 70 00 (Adul t)Agra Arr . hrs

Agra Dep . h rs R s .

‘

(Child between3- 12 yea rs)

Delh i Arr h rs

Museums and Art Ga lleries

Timings : to hrs .(Monda y s c losed) .Tel . Entry free .

C rafts Museum Timings to h rs .

Thapar House, Janpath Closed on Sundays , 2nd Saturdaysof each month and Governmenthol id ays .

Tel . 3 1 1 147 .

Dol l s Museum . Nehru T iming to hrs .

House , Bahadur Shah Clo sed on Mondays .

Zafa r Ma rg En trance Adul ts R s. 0 ‘ 0

Chi ldren R s .

Tel 271925 .

Gandhi Smarak Timings 09 30 to hrsS angrah a laya Closed on Mondays(Museum ) Entrance Free

68

Opposite R ajgha t Fi lm show s on Maha tma Gan‘

d h1 3life and work s a re held on Sund aysfrom to h rs.

Ind ian War MemorialMuseum, Red Fort

Na t iona l Ga l lery ofModern ArtJa ipur House

National MuseumJanpa th

Neh ru MemorialMeseum, Teen MartiMarg

Red Fort Museumof Archaeology

Tibet House16 Jorbagh

Timings'

1i 10 .00 to hrs .No en trance feeC losed on FridayTel. 277735

Timiugs to hrs .Closed on Mondays, Holi , ld -ulZuha , Maha tma Gandhi ’s birthd ay ,Dussehra , Deepa va li. Republic Dayand Independent Day .

Tel. 382835 .

Timings 10 00 to h rs.

Closed on Mondays and certainh olidays .Entrance Fee : R s. on Tuesd ays, Wednesday and Th ursd ays.

R s. on Fridays . Free on Sa turd ays, Sund ays and gaz etted ho l idaysFi lm Shows : Ou Sa turd ays andWed nesdays at h rs.

Tel. 385441 .

Timing : to ( hrs. and14 00 to h rs.

Closed on Mond ays.

Entrance Free

Tel. 375 197.

Open from sunri se to sunset.Entrance Fee : R s. (for entryinto Red Fort the sa le of ticketsc loses a t hrs) .Tel. 277735 .

Timings : to hrs andto hrs

Tel. 6 115 15

Entrance Free

69

Other Art Ga lertes44638

44287

38 1315

626556

38

622052

618875 , 37010 1

43704

44297

387246

Exclusion and Picnic Spots

Badhkal Lake 32 km Picnic spo t a t an artificial

lake . Boa ting ava ilable. Diversion

Delh i Shilpi Chakra ,19 Shanka r Market

Dhoomima l ArtGa l lery , 8A Connaugh tPlace

Fine Ar ts Ga l leryR afi Ma rg

Ga l lery Ch anakya ,1 14 Ya sh want Place.Chana kyapuri

Ga l lery La l i t Kala,R ab ind ra Bhawan ,Ferozesh ah R oad

Ga l lery Amarpali,D- l A Green Pa rk

G ita Ga l lery . OberoiIntercont inen ta l

Kona rak Art Ga l lery ,E-29 South ExtensionMarket , Pa rt II

Kuma r Art Ga l lery ,Sunda r Naga r and

Ashoka Hotel

Kun ika -Chemould ,

Cottage IndustriesEmporium

Srid h a rani Ga l lery,2 25 Tan sen Ma rg

Yavanika Sangeet

Na ta l: Akademy,R ab ind ra Bhavan

Ba l labgarh

Ch akravarty Lake

Da sana

Dhansa

Dharuhera

Hindon

Okhla

Sohna

Suh anpur

Prohibition L iquor ava i lable w ithou t oermit . It

is h o wever no t served 1n pubhc

places includ ing restaurant s and

pub l ic rooms of hotel s .Dry days : Wednesd ays , 1st and

2nd of every mon th and nationa lholidays . L iquor shops

'

are closed

on these days .

11111 Lake and fish ing spot onDelh i-Agra highway .

132 km on De lhi-Amritsa r R oad .

Artificia l lake .

40,

km on Delh i-Ghaziabad road . Aplea sant spot on the cana l bankamidst a mangogrove .

4 1 km on Del h i-Najafga rh road .

Restful spot amid st rura l surroundings w ith an excel len t rest house .

72 km on Delh i-Ja ipur h ighway .

Jungle Babbler Tourist Complexcomprising an excel len t rest houseamidst rura l surround ings.

km on Delh i-Hindon road .

Fishing cum picn ic spot .

km on Delh i-Ma thura road .

Picn ic spot,nea r J amuna Cana l .

Fi sh ing and yachting .

56 km on Delhi -Gurgaon -Alwarhighway . Sulphur springs sa id to

possess cura t ive powers .

42 km via Gurgaon town ship and

Fa rrukhna gar . B ird Sanctua ry .

Tourist Rest Hou se .

7 1

ACCOMMODATION

Western Style (approved by th e Department of Tourism)

Name Address Phone No .

Akba r Chanakyapuri , Ya shwan tPlace

Ambassador Sujan Singh Pa rk

Ashoka SOB Chanakyapuri

Bhag ira th Pa lace Bhagita tb Pa lace Chandn iHotel Chowk Delh i

Broadway Asaf A11 Road

Claridges

Diplomat

Flora

Imperia l

Janpa th Hotel

Lodh i

hasnot

MetroNiru ia

’

s

Obero i Intercontinenta l

Oberoi Ma idens

Pres1dent

Qutab

R anj it

R ajdoot

Tera

V ikram

I2 Au rangzeb Road

9 Sa rda r Pa tel Ma rg

Daya nand Road Daryaganj

Janpath

Janpa th

Lala Lajpa t R a i Marg

77 Friends Col ony

Ma thura R oad

‘ Dr ,Zak i r Hussain R oad

7 A l ipur R oad-B Asaf Ali Road

Ma thura R oad2802 Ba ra Bazar Kashmere

Ga te Delh i

R ing R 0 1d ,Lajpat Nagar

72

YMCA TouristHo stel Ja i Singh R oad 31 19 15

Ybrk K Block Connaught Circus 45906,45959

Other Hotels

Agra Hotel 278041Airline s Hotel

5 17571-3

A" anGuest House

Bright

Fonseca HotelGroves

Ind ia Interna tiona lCentre Lod i Estate 6 19431

Internatlonal YouthCentre Circular R oad Ch anakyapuriKesri Ma in Baz ar PaharganjLa guna GuestHouse Scind ia House JanpathMadra s Connaught Place

(for Ind ian Na t iona l s only)Connaught Place 4 2201

Opp . Town Ha l lQueens Ga rden Delh i

Mo t i Maha l Netaj r Subha sh Ma rg Delh iPa lace Heights Beh ind Odeon C inema

Connaught PlacePrabha t D Block Connaught PlaceR ega l S .P. Mukherjee Marg Delh iRex 4 Netaji Subha sh Ma rgR ingo Guest House 17 Scind ia HouseS hakshar 1 Daryaganj Delhi

16 Daryaganj Delhi

Opp. New Delhi Ra i lwaySta tion

14 Sc ind ia HouseKasturba Gandhi Marg

M 85 Connaught PlaceI Mans ingh Road

Asaf Ali R oad Delhi

N u~ hla i and Tandoori

Chinese

Japapese

Coffee Shops

(Open 24 hrs)

74

Cen tra l Court Hotel Sheesh Maha l ,Akba r Hote l Tavern . Hote l Imperia l;Th e Taj , Oberoi Intercont inenta l .

Aashna , Hotel Amba ssador, Bar-eKabab . Ashoka Ho tel ; Khyber.Ka shmere Ga te ; Moghual R oom,

Oberoi Intercon tinenta l ;Moti Mah al ,Daryaganj Pe acock . Ashoka HotelS heesh Maha l , Akba r Hotel;Tandoor,Pres iden t Hote l .

Aka-Saka , Defence Colony ; CafeCh inois, Obero i Intercon tinen ta l ;Ch ina r

,Connaught Place ; Ch inese

R oom, Nirula’

s Hotel ; Fuj iya ,

Ma lcha Ma rg ; Ginz a ,Connaught

Circus ; Golden Dragon , Va santViha r Ma rket ; Manda rin R oom ,

Janpath Hote l ; Mikad o , ConnaughtC ircus ; Sakura , V ikram Hote l ;Shangh a i. Hote l Diplomat ; Sh angri la ,Centra l Court Hotel .

Fupya . Ma lcha Ma rg . Chanakyapuri ,Ginza , Connaught Circus GoldenDragon , Va san t Vihar Market .

Santoor, I-Io tel R anj tt .

Lod h i Woodlands , Lodhi.

Hotel ;Sudh Vegeta rian , Rega l Bu i lding .

”

Apsa ra . Hotel Alka‘

, Cafe Espresso ,

Obero i Intercon tinenta l ; Eldorado ,

Hotel R ajdoo t ; Madhuban ,Akba r

Hotel , Open House . Janpa th Hotel ;Samova r ,

‘

Ash 0ka Hotel Shah Naa z ,Hotel Imperia l

R estauran ts with Caba ret Eldorado Starlit , Hotel R ajdoot"

Maha ran i , Claridges Hotel ; Samra t.Vikram Hotel;Tavern , Hotel Imper ia l;Th e Supper Club . Ashoka Hote l .

75

Discotheques Asylum , Grea ter Kailash Caves .G rea ter Ka ilash Cel la r. Rega lBuildmg Sen sa tion , Oberoi Ma iden s;Tabe la , Obero i Intercon tinenta lWheel s

,Hotel Amba ssador .

Other Restaurants

CINEMAS

Ajanta Ajay Enc l-18

Alankar C inema Bldg Laj Ngr 1 1-24

Alpana M Town-9

Amba S Mand i-7

Defence Services Cinema Di Can tt- IO

Defence Serv ices Cinema Red Fort-6

B el i te A. Ali Rd - l

Eros J. Pure Extn-14

Exce l s ior Nr H Qaz i Police S tn-6

Filmistan Model Ba st i-6

Golcha D Ganj-6

Imperia l Ta lk ies Chuna Mandi P Ganj-55

Jaga t Nr J Ma sjid-6

Jubilee Ta lkies Bha i M .D. Chowk Ch Ch -6

Khanna Ta lk ies P Gani-5 5

Kumar Oh Ch -6

Bankura Cottage Industries Empot ium ; Ash iana , Lod i Ga rden s ;Frying Pan , Safd arjang Ind ia CoffeeHouse , Thea tre Commun icat ionsBui ld ing : Ind ia Cofl

'

ee House , MohanS ingh Place ; R amble , ConnaughtPlace .

Liberty (Vnaysh ree Ltd)198 Guru G S Mt g

-S

Luxmi Pa lace Gandh i Ngf -3 l

Majestic Ch Ch -6

Minerva K Darwaza -S‘

Moti Ta lk ies Ch Ch -6

Naaz Jhandewa lan Est-55

Na traj Moti Ngr-ISNew Arna t Ta lk ies Ai-Darwaza-6

Novel ty S .P. Mukerjee Mrg-6

Odeon Con . Pl- l

Pa lace Roshanara Rd -7

Patam Cinema D1 Can tt- IO

Pa ra s Cinema Ka lkaj i Distt Cen tre-24

Plaz a Theatre Con PI- I

R ace Course R ace Course Rd - I l

Rega l Thea tre Regal Bldg- l

R itz K Da rwa z a -6

R ivol i Theatre Kha rak S ingh Mrg- l

S h ie la Thea tre D .E . Gupta R d -55

S tad ium Na tiona l Stadium- l

U ph aar Green Pk Ex tn Mkt - 16

V ivek 5 Ptl Ngr- 8

West End Ta lkies P . Na th Mrg S Bz r-6

77

EMBASS IES

Name Address Phone

Cz echoslovak ia

Denmark

German Democratic

R epublic 2 Nyaya Mg . 374 204

German Federal

Repub lic Pa th Ch .

9 A R ing Road

13 Sunder Naga r

C Pa rt II I

18 J Bagh 3

7 G. Link s 3

A Shan t i Niketan-23

8 Aurgz Road

150 G,L ink s 3

F Nyaya Ma rg Ch . Pun

Shanti Niketan 23

Shan ti Pa th Ch . Puri 2 1

82 D. Micha Ma rg 2 15 G. Links 3

56 R ing R oad

4 5 Sunder Naga r

6 G Links

29 P. R aj Road

42 G. Links 3

2 Curzon Road

a. Shanti

188 J Bagh

15 J. Bagh

50 A Ch .Puri

37. G. Links

33, G . Links

13 J'

. Bagh

13 G . Links6 1831 1

50 G . Ch . Puri

Micha Mt g . Ch . Puri 11 131 4373495

1 1 Bara Khamba R oad44584

19 Fr . Coly .

630900

4 ,Cir R oad , Ch . Pun 37354 1

10 Sd r Ptl . Road373174

136 G Links 7 18493

34 G Links 6 1892 1

D 1 Def. Coly 623193

190 J Bagh6 11038

Bara Khamba R oad4 8648

6/50 F. Sh anti-Pa th Ch Puri 79271

Ktlya Mg . Ch .

~ Puri‘7598 2

D, 290 Def. Coly .622939

N . 50 Nyaya Mt g . Ch . Puri 7849 1

22 G : Links“

6 18599

9 , Tis Jan .

‘Ma rg 9 190 86

1 E Maha ran i Bagh 6321 8 1

12 P R aj R oad6 1 148 1

‘

6 J. Bagh 0 19325

Nyaya Ma rg . Ch . Pur i 74261

Nyaya Marg . Ch . Puri 74 255

56 N . Nyaya Marg . Ch . Pur1 7598 5

27 J. Bagh“

6 1192 1

56 Sunder Ngr .

6 1 1 10 1

Shanti Pa th Ch . Pur i 75875

72 Sunder Ngr .

6 19 200

B . 59 Gr . T( a lla'

sh 6 1323 1

G . Nit i Ma rg 7221 1

79

HIGH COMMISS IONS

Address

Shanti Pa th Ch . Pur i

E/ZOGr . Ka ila sh

Ch . Puri

Sha nt i Pa th Ch . Puri7 7 Ktlya Mrg Ch . Puri

2 G . L inks

E 27Def. Coly .

3 Laj Road I . Pura Exta

39 G . L ink s

169 J. Bagh

4 8 G . L inks

E 106 Gr . Kailash

131 J. Bagh

1 1 AG . Links

80

D.T .C. Bus Routes for Places of Tourist Interestfrom Red Fort

Places of Interest No . of D.T.C.

Birla Temple

Centra l Secretaria ts

(Nea r Pa rl iament House)Chandni Chowk 502, 503

(Founta in)Connaught Circus 200, 101, 104

(New Delhi)Darya Ganj(Fa iz Baza r)

Hauz Khas

Humayun’

s Tomb

Ind ia Ga te

Jama Masjid

(Oppos ite Red Fort)

JantarMantar

Kashmere Ga te

Okh la

Qutab Minar

Railway S ta tions

Delh i Ia . 502, 503, 403

New Delhi 22, 802

S afdarjang’

s Tomb 502, 503

101

104, 122 , 622

403

302.

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