deKat

May 14, 2009

Innovative developments for energy efficient shipping

Jan O. de KatInnovation Dept., Maersk Maritime Technology

Bunker Summit 2009

May 14, 2009Bunker Summit 2009 PAGE

Who we are

The A.P. Moller - Maersk Group is a diversified conglomerate, founded in 1904 by Mr A.P. Møller

116,000 employees and operations in more than 130 countries

Business segments:Container shipping, LogisticsTankers, offshore supply and other shipping activitiesContainer terminalsDrilling and FPSOsOil and gas productionRetail activitiesShipyards Other companies


Regulatory developments

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Invest in NOx reducing initiativesRequired for CA port operation.

Use of low Sulphur fuels globally.

Use of low Sulphur fuels in ECA areas.

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

EC

AG

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1,0

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3,5

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CA 0,1% S 24nmoff the coast

EU 0,1% Sin port

CA 50% NOx & PM reduction in port


2009



2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Ballast water treatment, newbuildings




2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

EC

AG

lob

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1,0

% S

0,1

% S

0,5

% S

3,5

% S

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EU 0,1% Sin port



2009



2010 2011 2012 2013 2014





2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Ballast water treatment, existing ships.

EC

AG

lob

al

Gen

era

l

1,0

% S

0,1

% S

0,5

% S

3,5

% S

NO

x T

ier II

NO

x T

ier III


EU 0,1% Sin port



2009



2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

CO2 reduction initiatives





2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Ballast water treatment, existing ships.

EC

AG

lob

al

Gen

era

l

1,0

% S

0,1

% S

0,5

% S

3,5

% S

NO

x T

ier II

NO

x T

ier III


EU 0,1% Sin port



2009


Environmental Impact of Operational Activities

Operations: Operating ~1500 shipsOver 10 Mtons of fuel per year


Environmental Impact of Operational Activities

Operations: Operating ~1500 shipsOver 10 Mtons of fuel per year


Innovation and Technology Application

Propulsion aux machinery

Aft hull, rudder, propeller

Bow, Bulb

Antifouling, Drag reduction

Emission cleaning

Container cooling

Cargo/portOperations

Operations decisionsupport


Energy efficiency


Energy efficiency

Main engine and machinery systems• Waste heat recovery, system optimization• Ventilation and pump optimization• Closed-loop control M.E.; Reefers


Energy efficiency


Hull and propeller optimization Non-conventional propellers Drag reduction Anti-fouling


Energy efficiency


Hull and propeller optimization Non-conventional propellers Drag reduction Anti-fouling

Service performance Decision support On board guidance


Energy efficiency of machinery


Recover approx. 10% of engine output

Reduction of all emissions by 10%

Total plant efficiency of 55%

Waste heat recovery


Efficiency of pump and ventilation systems Re-design of systems aimed at minimizing energy consumption

Ventilation, cooling pumps

Potential: max. 1% CO2 reduction for a container ship

APMM and Odense Steel Shipyard

Machinery optimization


Typical yard specification text for engine room ventilation:

Energy efficient ventilation



“The machinery space to be ventilated by mechanical ventilating system.

The ventilating fan to supply fresh air to the operating station and other necessary places in the engine room through air ducts.

The air ducts to be of fabricated steel plate of 2.3 mm from the passage as far as practicable.

The mean air velocity to be about 8 m/sec at the outlet of each branch duct.”




“The machinery space to be ventilated by mechanical ventilating system.

The ventilating fan to supply fresh air to the operating station and other necessary places in the engine room through air ducts.

The air ducts to be of fabricated steel plate of 2.3 mm from the passage as far as practicable.

The mean air velocity to be about 8 m/sec at the outlet of each branch duct.”

Such a specification is used by the yards to source and install the lowest cost components, without taking the power demand into consideration.



Engine room ventilation improvements

Physical measurements were made onboard Laura Mærsk and Maersk Kuantan.

Laura Mærsk has savings potential of 73kW:Air intake filtersInducers on the fan inlets.Remove rat nets on outlets.Change the impellers to the new design point.

Maersk Kuantan has savings potential of 80kW:Higher efficiency electric motors, impellers and guide vanes.Replacing the inlet protection grills.Improve the outlets for fans 3 & 4Control the fan capacity by frequency converters in relation to over pressure & temperature in the engine room.

Further measurements are planned to be done onboard VLCC Maersk Nautilus

Supplier of fans: not involved in designing the ventilation system/layout!


CFD model of CLT propeller

Conventional and CLT propeller side by side

CLT Propeller Project





CLT propulsion principleEndplates fitted with minimum resistanceModified pressure distribution on suction & downstream sidesRadial load distribution moved closer to propeller tipsFitted on more than 250 ships






Advantages (Sistemar claim):Higher efficiency (5-8% expected)Lower vibration & noise levels






Advantages (Sistemar claim):Higher efficiency (5-8% expected)Lower vibration & noise levelsImproved maneuverability

Main objective:






Advantages (Sistemar claim):Higher efficiency (5-8% expected)Lower vibration & noise levelsImproved maneuverability

Main objective:To confirm claimed advantages in full scale on Roy


Advantages

Higher efficiencyReduced fuel consumption, or Increased ship speed

Higher thrustImproved maneuvering

No tip vortexReduced noise and pressure pulses

Less cavitationReduced erosion, noise and vibration

Blade tip cavitationHas been a problem for earlier tip fin propellers and raked propellers SISTEMAR claims to have solved problem with new approach which determines optimal angle between tip fin and blade

Scale effects

Problems


Example of designs under development. Design for operation.From standard ’off-the-shelf’ product to environmental excellence


Exhaust gas recirculation

50% NOx reduction

SCR and Scrubbers

>90% NOx reduction

>90% SOx reduction

Air humidification methods

60% NOx reduction

NOx/SOx reduction

Optimization of ancillary systems (pumps, fans, …)

1% CO2

Improved engines and control

1-3% CO2

More efficient propulsors

Drag reduction

5-15% CO2

Waste heat recovery

10% CO2 reduction

up to 16% combined with air humidification method

CO2 reduction

Green Ship technology

Alternative fuels: LNG

80% NOx reduction

100% SOx reduction


Combining State-of-the-art TechnologyChallenge the conventions of standard ship designs

Propulsion Machinery

Hull design


Combining State-of-the-art TechnologyChallenge the conventions of standard ship designs

Propulsion Machinery

Hull design


0

7.5

15.0

22.5

30.0

2,000 41,500 81,000 120,500 160,000

Energy Efficiency Design Index - Container vessels

Eff

. in

dex (

g C

O2

/to

n*

nm

)

DWT (tonnes)

… to get environmental performance and an energy-efficient ship prepared for the future


0

7.5

15.0

22.5

30.0

2,000 41,500 81,000 120,500 160,000

Energy Efficiency Design Index - Container vessels

Eff

. in

dex (

g C

O2

/to

n*

nm

)

DWT (tonnes)

… to get environmental performance and an energy-efficient ship prepared for the future


High degree of operational flexibility: slow steaming when needed


Operational excellence


Innovation

Innovation is the embodiment, combination, or synthesis of knowledge in original, relevant, valued new products, processes, or services contributing to a sustainable and profitable business.


Thank you for your attention


Thank you for your attention

Navigare necesse est

Innovare necesse est

deKat

Documents

nox pm reduction

use of low sulphur fuels

sin portca

snox tier iinox tier

page innovation

page energy efficiencymay

ca port operation

eca areas