1 Macromolecules carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids • Monomers and Polymers – dehydration reactions • Carbohydrates – Sugars and starches • Lipids – Fats and oils – Phospholipids – How soap works • Start proteins, if time 14 Sept. 2020 Figure 5.2 (a) Dehydration reaction: synthesizing a polymer 1 2 3 Dehydration removes a water molecule, forming a new bond. 1 2 3 4 H 2 O (b) Hydrolysis: breaking down a polymer 1 2 3 4 H 2 O Hydrolysis adds a water molecule, breaking a bond. 1 2 3 H Sugars Aldoses (Aldehyde Sugars) Ketoses (Ketone Sugars) Trioses: three-carbon sugars (C 3 H 6 O 3 ) Glyceraldehyde Dihydroxyacetone Pentoses: five-carbon sugars (C 5 H 10 O 5 ) Ribose Ribulose Hexoses: six-carbon sugars (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Glucose Galactose Fructose (Understand, but dont memorize structures) Monosaccharides Glucose Ribose Glucose CH 2 OH H 2 1 2 1 Fructose CH 2 OH CH 2 OH CH 2 OH CH 2 OH CH 2 OH Sucrose OH H HO H O O O O O H 2 O Simple sugars can be linked by Dehydration reactions Sucrose is a common disaccharide: Glucose+Fructose Other common disaccharides Do not memorize
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Dehydration reaction Macromoleculesdstratto/bcor011/05_Macromolecules1.pdf · 1 Macromolecules • Monomers and Polymers – dehydration reactions • Carbohydrates – Sugars and
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