Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline materials Y.T. Zhu a,⇑ , X.Z. Liao b , X.L. Wu c a Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA b School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia c State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China article info Article history: Received 11 November 2010 Received in revised form 28 April 2011 Accepted 28 April 2011 Available online 8 May 2011 abstract Nanocrystalline (nc) materials can be defined as solids with grain sizes in the range of 1–100 nm. Contrary to coarse-grained metals, which become more difficult to twin with decreasing grain size, nanocrystalline face-centered-cubic (fcc) metals become easier to twin with decreasing grain size, reaching a maximum twinning probability, and then become more difficult to twin when the grain size decreases further, i.e. exhibiting an inverse grain-size effect on twinning. Molecular dynamics simulations and experimental observations have revealed that the mechanisms of deformation twinning in nanocrystalline metals are different from those in their coarse-grained counterparts. Consequently, there are several types of deformation twins that are observed in nanocrystalline materi- als, but not in coarse-grained metals. It has also been reported that deformation twinning can be utilized to enhance the strength and ductility of nanocrystalline materials. This paper reviews all aspects of deformation twinning in nanocrystalline metals, includ- ing deformation twins observed by molecular dynamics simula- tions and experiments, twinning mechanisms, factors affecting the twinning, analytical models on the nucleation and growth of deformation twins, interactions between twins and dislocations, and the effects of twins on mechanical and other properties. It is the authors’ intention for this review paper to serve not only as a valuable reference for researchers in the field of nanocrystal- line metals and alloys, but also as a textbook for the education of graduate students. Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 0079-6425/$ - see front matter Ó 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.05.001 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 919 513 0559; fax: +1 919 515 3419. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y.T. Zhu). Progress in Materials Science 57 (2012) 1–62 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Progress in Materials Science journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pmatsci
Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline materials
Jun 23, 2023
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