Definitions SolubilityLabPotpourriSolutions 100 200 300 400 500.

Definitions Solubility Lab Potpourri Solutions

100100 100 100 100100 100

200 200 200 200200 200

300 300 300300 300 300

400 400 400 400 400

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100 Definitions

A homogeneous mixture of substances in a single phase

Answer

Definitions 100

Answer = solution

200 Definitions

A solution in which the amount of solute present is less than the

maximum possible at that temperature

Answer

Definitions 200

Answer = unsaturated solution

300 Definitions

molarity

Answer

Definitions 300

Moles of solute per liter of solution

400 Definitions

The word “dissolution” meansAnswer

Definitions 400

dissolving

500 Definitions

Describe the structure of a surfactant and how it works.

Give an example of a surfactant.

Answer

Definitions 500 Answer

• A surfactant is a large molecule with one polar end and one nonpolar end.

• It enables mixing of immiscible substances.

• Shampoo is a surfactant.

100 Solubility

What is meant by the phrase “like dissolves like”?

Answer

Solubility 100 Answer

• Substances of similar polarity are miscible.

• Polar dissolves polar.

• Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar.

200 Solubility

Explain the equilibrium that exists in a saturated solution

Answer

Solubility 200

Answer:

solute particles are dissolving and recrystallizing at equal rates

300 Solubility

Explain how you would use a crystal of solute to determine whether the solution of that solute is saturated,

supersaturated or unsaturated.

Answer

Solubility 300

Answer:A crystal added to the solution will:– dissolve in an unsaturated solution– sink to the bottom in a saturated solution– cause recrystallization to occur in a

supersaturated solution

400 Solubility What units are generally used to indicate solubility of a substance

in water?

Answer

Solubility 400

Answer:

g of solute/100 g water

500 Solubility

Describe the trends in gas solubility as:

a). Pressure increases

b). Temperature increases

Answer

Solubility 500

Answer:

As pressure of the gas above the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid increases.

As temperature of the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid decreases.

100 Lab

What solvent will dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances?

Answer

Answer 100 Lab

• Ethanol, because it has a polar OH end and a nonpolar hydrocarbon end.

200 Lab

What is the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it was

dissolved?

Answer

200 Lab Answer

• Effervescence

300 Lab

An aqueous sample of Fe2+ would show what series of colors when

mixed with reagentsK3FeCN6 K4FeCN6 KSCN

Answer

Answer 300 Lab

Fe2+ (aq) plus

K3FeCN6 K4FeCN6 KSCN

Deep blue light blue peach

400 Lab

What mass of NaCl (MM = 58.44 g/mol) is needed to make 75.0 mL of 2.00M

solution?

Answer

Lab 400

Mole= M x L

= 2.00 M x 0.0750 L = 0.15000 mol

g = 0.1500 mol x 58.44 g = 8.77g NaCl mol

500 Lab

Describe at least 3 safety precautions to follow when diluting a strong acid.

Answer

Lab 500

Answer:

Wear gloves, goggles, apron or lab coat.

Do it under the fume hood, fan on.

Always add acid to water.

100 Potpourri

Designate each of the following as an acid or a base:

H3PO4 NH3 LiOH HBr Answer

100 Potpourri

• Answer:

H3PO4 NH3 LiOHHBr

Acid Base BaseAcid

200 Potpourri

What are the three types of solute particles?

Answer

200 Potpourri

• Atoms, ions, molecules

300 Potpourri

Substance A dissolves in water.Substance B dissolves in oil.

Substances A and B are immiscible.Make a generalization about the

polarities of substance A and substance B.

Explain! Answer

300 Potpourri

• Since H2O is polar, substance A must be polar.

• Since A and B are immiscible, as are oil and water, B must be nonpolar.

400 Potpourri

Name the most accurate pieces of glassware for:A. making a solution of a specific volumeB. measuring a small volume of solution which will be diluted.

Answer

400 Potpourri Answer

• A. Volumetric flask

• B. Pipet

Answer

The solubility of ammonia, NH3, is 90 g/100 g of water at 0oC. Draw the solubility curve for this substance.

Answer Potpourri 500

100 Solutions

Give an example of a solution in which the solvent is a solid.

Answer

Answer 100 Solutions

• Alloys such as brass, bronze, sterling silver, white gold are all solid solutions.

200 Solutions

What volume of 2.00 M NaOH contains 10.0 g of solute?

(MM of NaOH = 40.00 g/mol)

Answer

Answer for Solutions 200

Moles = 10.00 g X 1mole = 0.250mole 40.00 g

L = moles = 0.250 mole = 0.125 L Molarity 2.00 M

300 Solutions

What volume of 6.0M HCl is needed to make 3.00 L of

0.500M HCl?Answer in mL.

Answer

Solutions 300

Answer:

MCVC = MDVD

6.0 M x Vc = 0.500 M x 3.00 L

Vc = 0.25 L = 250 mL of 6.0M HCl

400 Solutions

Describe 3 ways of increasing the rate at which a substance

dissolves.

Answer

400 Solutions Answer

• Increase surface area

• Stirring/shaking

• Temperature change (usually increase temp)

Solutions 500

•

• Answer

Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 500C. Estimate to the ones place.

Solutions 500

Answer:

82 g KNO3 / 100 g H2O