Definitions • Pharmacokinetics – The process by which a drug is administered, absorbed, distributed, bound, inactivated, metabolized and eliminated by the body • Pharmacodynamics – The interactions of a drug and the receptors responsible for its action in the body and CNS
28
Embed
Definitions Pharmacokinetics –The process by which a drug is administered, absorbed, distributed, bound, inactivated, metabolized and eliminated by the.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Definitions
• Pharmacokinetics– The process by which a drug is administered,
absorbed, distributed, bound, inactivated, metabolized and eliminated by the body
• Pharmacodynamics– The interactions of a drug and the receptors responsible
for its action in the body and CNS
Drug Administration
• Orally (swallowed)
• through Mucus Membranes– Oral Mucosa (e.g. sublingual)
– Nasal Mucosa (e.g. insufflated)
• Rectally (suppository)
Drug Administration (cont.)
• Parenterally (injection)– Intravenous (IV)
– Intramuscular (IM)
– Subcutaneous (SC)
– Intraperitoneal (IP)
• Inhaled (through lungs)
Drug Administration (cont.)
• Topical/Transdermal (through skin)
• Directly into CNS– Intracranial or intracerebral (into brain
tissue)
– Intracerebroventricular (into brain ventricles)
Drug Administration Summary
• Pharmacokinetics relates to bioavailability– The fraction of an
administered dose of a drug that reaches the blood stream
• How quickly a drug reaches its site of action relates to “addictiveness.”
Distribution: Solubility
• Water-soluble– Ionized (have electrical charge)
– Crosses through pores in capillaries, but not cell membranes
– The extent of ionization of a drug is expresses as the pKa of the drug
• Lipid(fat)-soluble– Non-ionized (no electrical charge)