Define the Groups of Russian People Tsars of Russia Define: Give an Example: Serfs Define: How did this group Change during the modernization of Russia?

Define the Groups of Russian People

Tsars of Russia• Define:

• Give an Example:

Serfs

• Define:

• How did this group Change during the modernization of Russia?

Boyars

• Define:

• How did this group Change during the modernization of Russia?

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Peter the Great

Peter the Great• Modernizes Russia – Examples:

• Education, building projects, social reforms

• Examples of Absolute Control – Social:

• Orders western dress and cutting of Boyars (nobles) beards

– Economic: • Adopts mercantilist policies,

encourage exports

– Political: • Controlled Boyars by forcing

them to serve the state

Expansion of Russia

• Under Peter the Great, Russia becomes the largest state in the world by Peter's time.

• Three times the size of Europe

Expansion of Russian Borders

What does Peter want?

1. Peter wants to build a strong military

2. Peter wants a warm water port to trade with the west

3. Wants a new capital city – along the Baltic Sea

Does Peter get what he wants?

1. Creates a large standing army and navy

2. Unable to defeat the Ottoman Empire, Failed to get a warm water port

3. Goes to war with Sweden for land on the Baltic Sea and then builds a brand new city – St. Petersburg • (originally a swamp, becomes a

modern city)

Building a CityFacts on St. Petersburg

• Known as a “window to the west” as the new capital is meant to be a city where western ideas would come in to Russia

• A great symbol of Peter’s and Russia’s power and absolute control – Orders serfs to work on city

• A symbol of Russia’s modernization – Modern architecture and design

Map of St. Petersburg

Peter’s Palace “Peterhof Palace”

Facts on Peter the Great’s Palace: • Known as the Russian

Versailles, partially designed by Peter the Great

• About 200 meters• Decorated with Gold• Surrounded by gardens

Question: 1. Peter modeled his palace so that it looked a lot like the Palace of Versailles (in France). - Why do you think that Peter

chose to build his palace in the French Style?

2. Why would Peter need a palace like Peterhof’s Palace?

Effects of Peter the Great’s Reign?

Positive • Modernizes Russia

– Improves military, education, legal code

• Expands Russian Borders– Creates a large empire (3

billion acres)

• Makes Russia a major European Power

Negative• Rules with absolute

authority – often very violently – Executes his own son

• Growth of serfdom

• Not always successful in goals– No warm-water port

Which of the following statements do you agree with? And Why?

• A). A government leader should never have absolute authority.

• B). A government leader can exercise absolute authority if it will help advance a country’s economy.

• C). A governmental leader can exercise absolute authority when a country is under attack.

• D). A government leader can exercise absolute authority whenever it will advance a country’s interests.

• Building Russian power – • (Russia, part 3) – start 1:36• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy9Ho

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• (Russia, part 4) – end 3:17, or 5:23• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPj1tA

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