DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS TC9B83
Jan 12, 2016
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
TC9B83
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
Terminal Learning Objective
Task: Execute defensive operations.
Conditions: Given classroom, one PE, and multiple training areas.
Standards: Apply defensive doctrine to platoon operations IAW FM 3-0, FM 7-8, FM 7-10, and FM 71-1.
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
Safety Requirements: General: Fire Exits
Risk: The risk assessment level is low
Environmental Considerations: None
Evaluation: The performance of the TLO will be evaluated using a written quiz on day two and an operations order practical exercise due on 30 Sept 04. Students must score at least 70% (60% for international students) on the written exam and the operations order practical exercise. You cannot test out.
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
Enabling Learning Objective
Action: Define basic defensive doctrinal terms
Conditions: Given a 45 minute lecture in a classroom environment
Standards: Students will define the basic defensive doctrinal terms IAW FM 3-0, FM 7-8, FM 7-10, and FM 71-1.
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PURPOSES OF DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
• Defeat enemy attack• Gain time• Concentrate forces • Control key terrain• Wear down enemy forces in preparation for
attack• Retain objectives
FM 7-10 pg 5-3, FM 71-2 pg 4-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEFENSE
• Preparation• Security• Disruption• Massing effects• Flexibility
FM 3-0 pg 8-2
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PREPARATION
• Defender arrives first• Terrain analysis• Rehearsals• Security and reconnaissance• Continuous process
FM 3-0 pg 8-2
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
SECURITY
• Deceive enemy• Counter-reconnaissance• Early warning• Disrupt enemy attacks early• Preserve combat power
FM 3-0 pg 8-2 & 8-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DISRUPTION
• Prevent massing of combat power• Counter-reconnaissance• Disrupt in depth by: Defeating and
misdirecting enemy recon, breaking up formations, and isolating units
FM 3-0 pg 8-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
MASSING EFFECTS
• Concentrate combat power at the decisive point through flexibility
• Defender may accept risk in some places to mass at another
FM 3-0 pg 8-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
FLEXIBILITY
• Preparations in depth- Alternate and supplementary positions- Alternate EAs
• Reserves• Counter-attack plans
FM 3-0 pg 8-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSIVE PATTERNS
• Mobile
• Area
• Retrograde
FM 3-0 pg 8-3
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSIVE PATTERNS
• Mobile
- Orient on destroying enemy
- Setting conditions for counter-attack
FM 3-0 pg 8-4
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSIVE PATTERNS
• Area
- Orient on retaining terrain
- Expose enemy to mutually supported
Engagement Areas along avenues of approach
FM 3-0 pg 8-4
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSIVE TECHNIQUES
• Nonlinear• Linear• Defense of reverse slope• Strongpoint• Perimeter• Battle positions• Defense in sector
FM 7-10 pg 5-22 thru 5-32
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PERIMETER DEFENSE
• Area• No adjacent friendly units• 360 degrees (circular/ triangle)• Assembly areas/ patrol bases• Reserve blocks penetrations
FM 7-10 pg 5-28
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PERIMETER DEFENSE
FM 7-8 pg 1-14
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
BATTLE POSITIONS
• Area/ Mobile• Mutually supporting• Concentrate combat power into EA• Primary, alternate, supplementary
positions and EAs
FM-7-10 pg 5-25
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
BATTLE POSITIONS
FM 7-10, pg 5-25
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSE IN SECTOR
• Mobile• Platoon sectors/ mutually supporting BPs on
armor restrictive terrain or both• Positions arrayed in depth• Flexibility• Exposes flanks of enemy throughout depth of
sectors• Degraded C2 and indirect fires
FM 7-10 pg 5-24
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DEFENSE IN SECTOR
FM 7-8 pg 1-15&16
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
CONDUCT OF THE DEFENSE
• Prepare for combat
• Move to defensive positions
• Establish defensive positions
• Locate the enemy
• Action on enemy contact
• Fight the defense
• Consolidate and reorganize
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PREPARE FOR COMBAT
• Troop Leading Procedures
• Conduct Leader’s Recon
• Check equipment and ammunition
• Camouflage Self and Equipment
• Rehearse Critical Tasks
FM 7-8 pg. 2-66&67
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
MOVE TO DEFENSIVE POSITIONS
• Move on covered and concealed routes• Avoid likely ambush sites• Enforce camouflage, noise, and light
discipline• Maintain all around security including air
guards• Use formations and movement
techniques based on M-TETTC
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
ESTABLISH DEFENSIVE POSITIONS
• Engagement Area development
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
ENGAGEMENT AREA DEVELOPMENT
• Identify all likely enemy avenues of approach• Determine likely enemy schemes of
maneuver• Determine where to kill the enemy• Plan and integrate obstacles• Emplace weapons systems• Plan and integrate indirect fires• Rehearse the execution of operations in the
engagement area
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
IDENTIFY ALL ENEMY LIKELY AVENUES OF APPROACH
FM 71-1 pg 6-17
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DETERMINE WHERE TO KILL THE ENEMY
FM 71-1 pg 6-19
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
DETERMINE LIKELY ENEMY SCHEME OF MANEUVER
FM 71-1, pg 6-18
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PLAN AND INTEGRATE OBSTACLES
FM 71-1 pg 6-20
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
OBSTACLES
• Slow enemy advance to mass fires
• Canalize enemy
• Separate enemy forces
• Strengthen lightly defended areas
• Protect defensive positions
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
OBSTACLES
• Disrupt
• Turn
• Fix
• Block
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
OBSTACLES
• Support tactical plan
• Reinforcing tied into existing
• Covered by observations and fires
• Constructed in depth
• Achieve surprise
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
EMPLACE WEAPONS SYSTEMS & PLAN AND INTEGRATE
INDIRECT FIRES
FM 71-1, pg 6-21
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
ENGAGEMENT AREA REHEARSALS
• Rearward passage of security forces (as required)• Closure of lanes (as required)• Movement from the hide positions to the BP• Use of commands, triggers, and/or MELs to initiate
direct and indirect fires• Shifting of fires to refocus and redistribute fire effects• FM 71-1 pg 6-22
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
ENGAGEMENT AREA REHEARSALS
• Preparation and transmission of critical reports using FM and digital systems (as applicable)
• Displacement to alternate, supplementary• Cross-leveling or resupply of Class V• Evacuation of casualties
FM 71-1 pg 6-22
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
LOCATE THE ENEMY
• LP/OPs
• Security Patrols/ Counter-recon
• Security
• Night Vision Devices
• Thermal Devices
FM 7-8 pg 1-16
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
ACTIONS ON ENEMY CONTACT
• Alert platoon chain of command
• Report to company commander
• Call in OPs
• Call for and adjust indirect fire
• Initiate long range direct fire weapons
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
FIGHT THE DEFENSE
• Continue calling indirect fires
• Control direct fires
• Fire FPF as needed
• Platoon engages until enemy is repelled or ordered to disengage
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRINCIPLES OF DIRECT FIRE CONTROL
• Mass effects• Destroy greatest threat first• Avoid target overkill’• Employ best weapon for target• Minimize friendly exposure• Prevent fratricide• Plan for extreme limited visibility• Develop contingencies for diminished
capabilities
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
CONSOLIDATION AND REORGANIZATION
• Reestablish security• Re-man key weapons• Provide first aid and prepare medevac• Repair obstacles• Redistributes ammunition and supplies• Reestablish communication• Prepare for enemy attack
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
Example Strongpoint Defense
1 Story
Major Road
Sid
e R
oad
Sm
all Alley
Gate 1
Gate 2
Gate 3
3 Stories 1 Storyhomes
house
6ft wall
10 ft wall
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
Strongpoint DefenseIn Urban Environment
• No true EA (Cannot canalize enemy)• Not at full security (Running missions, 1 platoon
usually gone, & other priorities other than defense)• This is where you live and other civilians live (sharing
the same area)• Still need battle plan if attacked (i.e. who goes where
sectors of fire or wpn orientation)• Still need to account for dead space (behind walls or
buildings, and etc.)• What is the engagement criteria?
– Anything that moves?– Anything with a weapon?
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
P.E.
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT IN THE DEFENSE
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PERSONNEL SERVICE AND SUPPORT
• Strength accountability
• Casualty reporting
• Services
• EPWs
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
SERVICE STATION RESUPPLY
FM 7-7J p. 2-181
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
TAILGATE RESUPPLY
FM 7-7J p. 2-182
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRIORITIES OF WORK IN THE DEFENSE
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRIORITIES OF WORK• ESTABLISH LOCAL SECURITY, IMPLEMENT
R&S FOR OCCUPATION, ASSUME SECURITY POSTURE (33% MINIMUM) (PG 2-26)
• POSITION ANTI-ARMOR WEAPONS, MACHINE GUNS AND SQUADS AND ASSIGN SECTORS OF FIRE (CREW SERVED WEAPONS ARE ALWAYS MANNED) (PG 2-72 TO 2-76)
• POSITION ASSETS ATTACHED TO THE PLATOON
• ESTABLISH CP AND WIRE COMMO
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRIORITIES OF WORK
• DESIGNATE FPLs, PDFs (PG 2-74)• CLEAR FIELDS OF FIRE, PREPARE
RANGE CARDS AND SECTOR SKETCHES (PG 2-76 TO 2-78, 2-80 TO 2-82)
• COORDINATE WITH ADJACENT UNITS (PG 2-85,-86)
• PREPARE PRIMARY FIGHTING POSITIONS (PG 2-87 TO 2-97)
• EMPLACE OBSTACLES AND MINES (PG 2-129 TO 2-142)
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRIORITIES OF WORK• MARK OR IMPROVE MARKING FOR TRP’s
AND OTHER FIRE CONTROL MEASURES (PG 2-82, 2-158)
• PREPARE ALTERNATE POSITIONS THEN SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS
• ESTABLISH SLEEP AND REST PLANS• RECON ROUTES BETWEEN PRIMARY,
ALTERNATE AND SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS
• IMPROVE PRIMARY POSITIONS TO INCLUDE OVERHEAD COVER AND CAMO
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
PRIORITIES OF WORK
• REHEARSE ENGAGEMENTS, DISENGAGEMENTS AND COUNTERATTACK PLANS
• ADJUST POSITION OR CONTROL MEASURE AS REQUIRED
• STOCKPILE AMMO, FOOD AND WATER• DIG TRENCHES TO CONNECT FIGHTING
POSITIONS• CONTINUE TO IMPROVE POSITIONS
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
SUMMARY
• Characteristics of the Defense
• Conduct of the Defense
• Engagement Area Development
• Priorities of work
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
CONCLUSION
• Follow steps to EA development
• Use GTA 7-4-6 and GTA 7-6-1