The Impact of GlobalizationThe Impact of Globalization
Who would stop the Japanese Who would stop the Japanese Co- Prosperity Sphere (1939)?Co- Prosperity Sphere (1939)?
How Was Japan Defeated?How Was Japan Defeated?At What Cost??At What Cost??
Results of World War IIResults of World War II
Defeat of dictatorships.
Unparalleled destruction.
The decline of colonial powers.
The rise of the superpowers and the Cold War.
Defeat of DictatorshipsDefeat of Dictatorships
Germany, Japan, and Italy were occupied and turned into democratic, peaceful nations.
Unparalelled DestructionUnparalelled Destruction
Much of Europe, North Africa and East Asia lay in ruins.
Total war had destroyed cities, factories, railroads, homes – and lives.
The Decline of the The Decline of the Colonial PowersColonial Powers
The Rise of the The Rise of the SuperpowersSuperpowers
And the Cold WarAnd the Cold War
With Its “Iron Curtain”With Its “Iron Curtain”
And Its Arms Race!And Its Arms Race!
Made a United Nations Made a United Nations Essential, But….Essential, But….
Permanent Members Have Permanent Members Have Veto PowerVeto Power
Associated Press
"I came, I saw, I vetoed" The Economist
United States.United Kingdom.France.Russia.Nationalist China (Taiwan) until 1972.
The BIG 5The BIG 5
In the U. N. In the U. N. Security CouncilSecurity Council
And Remained DividedAnd Remained Dividedby Cold War Issuesby Cold War Issues
Decolonization of Asia & AfricaDecolonization of Asia & AfricaChanged the Makeup of the UNChanged the Makeup of the UN
First, Second, & Third First, Second, & Third WorldsWorlds
with a North- South Dividewith a North- South Divide
AfricaAfrica Produced Many Newly-Produced Many Newly-Independent Nations in a Very Independent Nations in a Very
Short TimeShort Time
who of ten found themselves who of ten found themselves caught in a battle between the caught in a battle between the
two superpowerstwo superpowers
British ColoniesBritish Colonies Were Some of the Were Some of the First to Seek Independence First to Seek Independence
becausebecauseBritain felt hypocritical about colonialism.Britain felt hypocritical about colonialism.War left her weak and unable to afford War left her weak and unable to afford colonies.colonies.A New African educated middle class began A New African educated middle class began to emerge in the cities.to emerge in the cities.
GhanaGhana: First African State : First African State to Gain Independenceto Gain Independence
Kwame Nkrumah Led the Kwame Nkrumah Led the Former Gold CoastFormer Gold Coastto Independenceto Independence
Educated abroad.
Schoolteacher.
Preached nonviolence.
Used boycotts and strikes.
Ultimately successful 1957.
Ghana today still needs to Ghana today still needs to modernizemodernize
Market inMarket in Kumasi.Kumasi.
Sells shoes crafted from old automobile tires. Sells shoes crafted from old automobile tires.
Sprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancientSprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancient Ashanti capital.Ashanti capital.
One of the largest marketplaces in West Africa. One of the largest marketplaces in West Africa.
KenyaKenya
Kenyan Independence: 1963Kenyan Independence: 1963
London educated London educated Jomo KenyattaJomo Kenyatta provided provided strong nationalist leadership.strong nationalist leadership.
Mau Mau RebellionsMau Mau Rebellions made up of made up of KikuyuKikuyu farmers weaken British settlers opposition.farmers weaken British settlers opposition.
Today famous athlete Today famous athlete opened school for orphans opened school for orphans
Kip Keino, famed distance runner.Kip Keino, famed distance runner.
Opened school for grades 1-8.Opened school for grades 1-8.
Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing") farm. Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing") farm.
He and his wife, adopted more than 100 He and his wife, adopted more than 100 orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 years. orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 years.
Senegal: Home of theSenegal: Home of theNegritude MovementNegritude Movement
The Solitary Baobob TreeThe Solitary Baobob Tree
The national symbol of Senegal, baobab trees often mark burial sites and inspire the poetry of de-colonization…
I heard a grave voice answer,Rash son, this strong young treeThis splendid treeApart from the white and faded flowersIs Africa, your AfricaPatiently stubbornly growing againAnd its fruits are carefully learningThe sharp sweet taste of liberty. David Diop 1956
The old BelgianThe old Belgian CongoCongo, Formerly , Formerly ZaireZaire,,
Faces Many Challenges Today!Faces Many Challenges Today!
Mobutu Sese SekoMobutu Sese Seko
Ruled 1965-1997.Ruled 1965-1997.
Supported by U.S.Supported by U.S. as Cold War ally. as Cold War ally.
Changed name toChanged name to Zaire. Zaire.
Left “a house thatLeft “a house that had been eaten by had been eaten by termites” termites” NYTimes.NYTimes.
Reign described in Reign described in 2002 documentary 2002 documentary as an “African as an “African Tragedy.” Tragedy.”
Congo Makes Up for a LackCongo Makes Up for a Lackof Roads & Highwaysof Roads & Highways
Congo RiverCongo River barge carries hundreds of passengers on its barge carries hundreds of passengers on its
1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani. 1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani.
Many people travel on barges without shelter for asMany people travel on barges without shelter for as long as a month, crowded together with their long as a month, crowded together with their belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for sale. belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for sale.
Today the Congo IsToday the Congo IsExperiencing Punishing War!Experiencing Punishing War!
Michael Kamber for Michael Kamber for The New York TimesThe New York Times
About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in and About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in and around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a camp on Monday. around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a camp on Monday.
Death in the Congo!Death in the Congo!
The AllureThe Allure
Rich Mineral Resources:
Gold
Diamonds
Copper
Have Often Drawn ForeignExploitation.
Young Soldiers & a VictimYoung Soldiers & a Victim
Child RebelsChild Rebels
A child fighter in a rebel group stands watch A child fighter in a rebel group stands watch with a U.N. armored vehicle in Bunia, Congo, with a U.N. armored vehicle in Bunia, Congo, where there have been reports of rape and where there have been reports of rape and cannibalism.cannibalism.
AlgeriaAlgeria
French settlers fought fiercely to keep Algeria a French colony.
DeGaulle realized after the war that France could not hold onto Algeria by force.
Independence came in 1962.
AngolaAngola
400 years: 400 years: Portuguese Portuguese are the first are the first the arrive the arrive and the last and the last to leave in to leave in 1975.1975.
Angola Lef t Angola Lef t With Bitter Civil WarWith Bitter Civil War
Mateus Chitangenda, Fernando Chitala and Enoke Mateus Chitangenda, Fernando Chitala and Enoke Chisingi and their families have been displaced by war Chisingi and their families have been displaced by war to the town of Kunhinga, in central Angola.to the town of Kunhinga, in central Angola.
Going to SchoolGoing to School
A father walks his daughter to school in A father walks his daughter to school in Kuito, Angola. All students in the town bring Kuito, Angola. All students in the town bring their own small benches to class.their own small benches to class.
Africa: 2000Africa: 2000
Nigerians today travel the Nigerians today travel the same way as the Congolesesame way as the Congolese
NigeriaNigeria Struggles With Struggles WithEthnic & Religious RivalriesEthnic & Religious Rivalries
Nigerian Muslims welcome Nigerian Muslims welcome Sharia Sharia lawlaw. . January 2000January 2000
Shari aShari a LawLaw
This adulterous woman was This adulterous woman was sentenced to death by sentenced to death by
stoningstoning
Woldwide attention has Woldwide attention has given her hopegiven her hope
Amnesty Amnesty InternationalInternational is is campaigning campaigning against the against the stoning sentencestoning sentenceJuly 2002.July 2002.
Some f ind Some f ind Shari aShari a a blessing a blessing
I Thank God f or t he I Thank God f or t he
Amput at i onAmput at i on – – Buba JangebeBuba Jangebe
South AfricaSouth Africa
Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 years in his fight against years in his fight against
ApartheidApartheid
Lived to vote in the f irst Lived to vote in the f irst racially democratic electionracially democratic election
19941994
And Become President of And Become President of South AfricaSouth Africa
South African President Nelson Mandela, center, flanked by his two deputy presidents, Thabo Mbeki, left and F.W. de Klerk, right, celebrate the new constitution, May 8, 1996. (AP/WWP Photo Leon Muller)
Age- Group Dif ferencesAge- Group Dif ferences
Less Developed RegionsLess Developed Regions
Global Water StressGlobal Water Stress
Share of Share of World’s World’s
GDPGDP
Health StatisticsHealth Statistics
Bits Per Capita: An Bits Per Capita: An Information Revolution?Information Revolution?
using using ICTsICTs for social and economic development for social and economic development (Information and communication technologies) (Information and communication technologies)
All across AfricaAll across Africa
A Cyber Shepherd in A Cyber Shepherd in Senegal’s SahelSenegal’s Sahel
2004-04-152004-04-15PastoralistsPastoralists tracking wandering cattle herds tracking wandering cattle herds using cell phones and Global Positioning Systems. using cell phones and Global Positioning Systems.
South Africa: South Africa: Eco- tourism
Small tourist businesses operating out of Small tourist businesses operating out of the townships attracting customers from the townships attracting customers from around the world by using the Internet.around the world by using the Internet.
Mozambique stops poaching Mozambique stops poaching with radioswith radios
Healthcare in UgandaHealthcare in Uganda
A health care worker conducting a survey using a PDA. (SATELLIFE Photo: Mark Grabowsky)