Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Case Study Set 1 Case Study Set 1 – – 15 Dec 15 Dec What to do in Wattamessa? Decentralized vs. Centralized Water Service
Infrastructure Workshop 2008Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Case Study Set 1 Case Study Set 1 –– 15 Dec15 Dec
What to do in Wattamessa?Decentralized vs. Centralized Water Service
Quick Overview
You have been asked to:
Assess the water supply sector in Watamessa
Develop a Concept Paper for a new USAID Mission program
Specifically suggest whether to focus attention on centralized or decentralized water services?
WatamessaWatamessa
PostPost--conflict country transitioning from relief to conflict country transitioning from relief to developmentdevelopment
AgriculturalAgricultural--based economy based economy –– 75% rural75% rural
Dire rural Dire rural andand urban water supply situationurban water supply situation
Case Study Group WorkCase Study Group Work
Go through 5 slides on Go through 5 slides on WatamessaWatamessa assessment findingsassessment findings
Discuss other information needsDiscuss other information needs
Define Define ““centralized/decentralizedcentralized/decentralized”” as a groupas a group
Small groups discussion of pros/cons Small groups discussion of pros/cons –– benefits/risksbenefits/risks
Infrastructure Workshop 2008Infrastructure Workshop 2008 Case Study Set 1 Case Study Set 1 –– 15 Dec15 Dec
What to do in Wattamessa?Decentralized vs. Centralized Water Service
Your job, Mr. Phelps…
Two weeks to:
Assess the water supply sector in Watamessa
Develop a Concept Paper for a new USAID Mission program
Specifically should we support centralized or decentralized water services?
Your Consultations and Field TripsYour Consultations and Field TripsUSAID and Implementing PartnersUSAID and Implementing Partners
USAID Staff in DG, Health, USAID Staff in DG, Health, EducEduc
Local governance, Health and Local governance, Health and Agriculture program staffAgriculture program staff
Other DonorsOther Donors
Multilateral banksMultilateral banks
Few other Few other bilateralsbilaterals
UNICEFUNICEF
WHOWHO
GovernmentGovernment
National National –– Rural and urban water Rural and urban water agencies, Ministry of Healthagencies, Ministry of Health
District/Municipal District/Municipal –– two water two water companiescompanies
Private Sector & other playersPrivate Sector & other players
????
NGOs and other implementersNGOs and other implementers
Several very active groupsSeveral very active groups
Your FindingsYour Findings
11 years after end of civil war11 years after end of civil war……
Few reconstruction efforts have been sustainedFew reconstruction efforts have been sustained
Water sector remains grossly under fundedWater sector remains grossly under funded
Sector control at national level diffuse and unclearSector control at national level diffuse and unclear
In many places, plenty of surface In many places, plenty of surface water butwater but……
Lots of old piped systems around Lots of old piped systems around butbut……
Findings (cont.)Findings (cont.)RuralRural
75% of population75% of population
Many large Many large ““plantationplantation”” villages (1 to even 5K)villages (1 to even 5K)
PrePre--war mainly deep boreholes w/ small piped networkswar mainly deep boreholes w/ small piped networks
Now only about half have improved water accessNow only about half have improved water access
Seasonable water shortages = Regular waterborne disease Seasonable water shortages = Regular waterborne disease outbreaksoutbreaks
UrbanUrban
Better access but similar distress despite major donor Better access but similar distress despite major donor investmentsinvestments
Only one real success in regional capital but stillOnly one real success in regional capital but still……
The Response ToThe Response To--datedate
Little evidence of Little evidence of seriousserious Government Government commitmentcommitment
Government Government ““visionvision”” 90% coverage by 90% coverage by 2020 2020 -- relies on 70% donor fundingrelies on 70% donor funding
Donor programs uncoordinated, have Donor programs uncoordinated, have had mixed resultshad mixed results
Poor record of sustainabilityPoor record of sustainability
Donor programs hamstrung by Donor programs hamstrung by conflicting national laws and regulationsconflicting national laws and regulations
Several donors starting to Several donors starting to ““back outback out””Is this centralized?Is this centralized?
So, what do you suggest for So, what do you suggest for WattamessaWattamessa??
Do we have enough information?Do we have enough information?
What else do you want to know?What else do you want to know?
So, should be go centralized or So, should be go centralized or decentralized?decentralized?
What is What is ““centralizedcentralized””??
Technology
Examples?
Extremes
Management
Examples?
Extremes
Centralized Decentralized
Do you agree?Do you agree?
“To increase sustainability… programs must seek out committed government representatives and invest in their capacity…for engaging communities in their own development.”
From NGO “Sustainability” Study
Study finding…
“In the few cases where water projects were not functional due to issues of maintenance,
design issues were often cited, with community members feeling less involved in
the process.”
What we proposedWhat we proposed…… Institutionalizing Sustainable Water SupplyInstitutionalizing Sustainable Water Supply
Implementation ApproachImplementation Approach
Community LevelCommunity Level
•• Target Target ““good actorsgood actors””/committed communities/committed communities
•• Build off Build off ““centers of successcenters of success”” and existing and existing engagementengagement
•• Limited numbers but intensive engagementLimited numbers but intensive engagement
•• Remember the keys to sustainabilityRemember the keys to sustainability
National LevelNational Level
•• Engage in donor and policy dialogue, butEngage in donor and policy dialogue, but……
•• Focus on those facilitating decentralizationFocus on those facilitating decentralization