Decarbonization of industrial processes with heat pumps V. Wilk, M. Lauermann, F. Helminger AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
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Decarbonization of industrial processes
with heat pumps
V. Wilk, M. Lauermann, F. Helminger
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Closed loop HP
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy EfficiencyGrant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Starch drying
Dry product
Flow streamdryer
Wet product
Steam
Water(HRC)
Intermediate circuit (Water)
Closed loopheat pump
~200 t/h@158°C
140°C
70°C
100°C
Exhaust air~200 t/h@52°C
(48% RH)
~200 t/h@30°C
Dryingagent (air)
Evaporator
90°C
Condenser
14 t/h(10% moisture)
(35-40% moisture)
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy EfficiencyGrant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Brick drying
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Heat pumps under construction…
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Heat pump onsite…
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy EfficiencyGrant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
assessment of CO2 emissions and primary energy consumption
comparison of electricity consumption to steam boilers and burners with natural gas
Environmental impact
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
CO2 emission and primary energy factors
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Austria2015
Austria2018
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em
issio
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CO
2eq/k
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O2/k
Wh
natural gas
electricity
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pri
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electricity
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Impact on prototype level: CO2 emissions
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CO
2 e
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heat supply temperature, C
heat pump assisted starch drying (Agrana)
Austria 2011 Austria 2015 Austria 2018
EU 2014 EU 2018
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heat supply temperature, C
heat pump assisted brick drying (Wienerberger)
Austria 2011 Austria 2015 Austria 2018
EU 2014 EU 2018
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Impact on prototype level: primary energy
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prim
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energ
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eduction
heat supply temperature, C
heat pump assisted starch drying (Agrana)
Austria 2011 Austria 2015
EU 2013 EU 2018
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prim
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energ
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eduction
heat supply temperature, C
heat pump assisted brick drying (Wienerberger)
Austria 2011 Austria 2015
EU 2013 EU 2018
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Impact on EU level
assume that heat pumps for drying are wide
spread in industry
drying accounts for 10-25% of the total industrial
energy use in most developed countries
10% = 321 TWh
25% = 803 TWh
References:
Mujumdar, A.S. 2006. Principles, Classification, and Selection of Dryers. In: Mujumdar, A. S. (Edt.): Handbook of industrial drying. Boca Raton, FL: CRC 2007
Kemp, I.C. 2012. Fundamentals of Energy Analysis of Dryers. In: Modern Drying Technology Volume 4: Energy Savings, First Edition. Tsotsas E. and Mujumdar A.S. (Edt.), Wiley-VCH.
Minea, V. 2011. Industrial Drying Heat Pumps. In: Larsen, M. E. (Edt.) Refrigeration. Theory, technology, and applications. Mechanical engineering theory and applications. Nova Science Publishers 2011
Eurostat, 2018a. Simplified energy balances - annual data [nrg_100a] (access 2018-12-11)
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Impact on EU level
assume that 50% of all drying processes are equipped with a DryFiciency heat pump
the heat pump has an average COP of 3
Agrana prototype, source 70ºC, heat supply at 140ºC
heat pumps with similar lift, heat supply temperature higher or lower
replace natural gas burners with a thermal efficiency of 95%
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy EfficiencyGrant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Impact on EU level
heat production:
161-401 TWh
electricity:
54 – 134 TWh
waste heat:
107 – 268 TWh
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency targets of the EU
final energy consumption
in 2030: 956 Mtoe
reduction of 130 Mtoe / 1512 TWh
HP = 107-268 TWh
contribution of 7-18% of the target
primary energy consumption
in 2030: 1273 Mtoe
reduction of 269 Mtoe / 3128 TWh
HP = 74-184 TWh
contribution of 2-6% of this target0
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end energy primary energy
end e
nerg
y a
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y, TW
h
End energy and primary energy reduction
reduction required until 2030
contribution of HP for drying
contribution of HP for drying
Directive 2018/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 amending Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency
Eurostat, 2018. Primary Energy consumption [t2020_33], Simplified energy balances - annual data [nrg_100a] (access 2018-12-11)
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Reduce CO2 emissions by 40% compared to 1990
CO2 emissions
in 2030: 3444 million t CO2e
reduction of 1017 million t CO2e
HP = 27-66 million t CO2e
contribution of 3-7% to this target
manufacturing sector
19% of CO2e emissions in 2015
reduction of 192 million t CO2e
contribution of 14-35% to this target0
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total manufacturing
CO
2 e
mis
sions,
Mio
t/a
CO2 emission reduction
reduction required until 2030
contribution of HP for drying
contribution of HP for drying
Eurostat, 2018. Greenhouse gas emission statistics – air emission accounts, Statistics explained, Date extracted in May 2018.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Greenhouse_gas_emission_statistics_-_air_emissions_accounts (access 2019-01-21)
Directive 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy EfficiencyGrant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
heat pumps improve the energy efficiency of industrial processes significantly
DryFiciency demo-sites (expectations)
CO2 emission reductions up to 40-90%
primary energy reduction from 20-80%
roll out of HP to 50% of all drying processes in the EU
3-7% of the CO2 emission reduction necessary to achieve the EU climate targets
demonstrators are an important step in the development of viable industrial solutions
multiplied for all kinds of applications requiring hot media up to 160ºC:
food industry (brewing, dairy, sugar, etc.)
pulp and paper
chemical industry (boiling processes, distillation, etc.).
Conclusions
Grant Agreement No 723576 – Energy Efficiency
Dr. Veronika Wilk
Center for Energy
Sustainable Thermal Energy Systems
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
Giefinggasse 2, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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