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HELPFUL GUIDE ON DRESSING YOUR CHRISTMASTREE.There's nothing wrong with a traditional tree - that discordant mix ofchildren's craft projects, candy canes and multicolored lights nevergoes out of style. But at some point in your life - when you get mar-ried? when you throw your first Christmas party and invite the boss?- you might want to try for understated elegance instead.STAGE ONE:Go through your ornaments and see what you've got and what youneed. The key to a classy tree is coherence - so choose a few categories of ornaments and stick with those. STAGE TWO:Make sure you've got enough strands of tiny white lights - for class,nothing else will do. STAGE THREE:Buy or borrow whatever you don't already own - and resist distrac-tions as you shop. STAGE FOUR:Buy a tree and set it up. (see above). Try to find something that

reflects the mood you're try-ing to set. A fir or spruce(rather than a rowdy pine) isperfect. STAGE FIVE:Start with the white lights,then add the backgroundornaments one at a time andby category. Stop in betweeneach category to check forsymmetry; rearrange if nec-essary. STAGE SIX:Position your highlight orna-ments for best effect. Whenselecting your ornamentsand decorations, it helps to

think in terms of backdrop and highlight. For example, you might pickcrystal icicles and small silver and gold glass balls as a backdropand your collection of handmade shoe ornaments from the Museumof Modern Art as highlight.Don't throw your old ornaments away - just let them sleep for a year.You'll love them even more when you rediscover them.

Whether it’s a Norway Spruce, Omorica Spruce or Douglas Fir, afterNew Year between 2nd - 14th January, Westminster City Councilhas special sites in order that trees can be mulched to produce com-post for parks and gardens.

The area between Charlwood Street and Denbigh Street next to thebins has been designated for this purpose.

Pimlico & Belgravia Eye December 2014 2

LINDLEY LIBRARYis the largest horticultural library in the world. The main part of thelibrary is based at 80 Vincent Square, within the HQ of its custodian,the Royal Horticultural Society; the site also includes Lindley Hall,one of the Royal Horticultural Halls. The library also has readingrooms at the RHS' four gardens at Wisley, Harlow Carr, Hyde Halland Rosemoor.

The Upper Reading Room is open to the public, with free access tothe collections of modern gardening books and journals. Membersmay borrow up to 5 books at a time and anyone can register to useour research collections. A postal loan system for members who donot live near to their libraries. The Society’s art collections, held in theLindley Library, may be consulted by appointment. Tours of theLondon and Wisley libraries are available upon request. The LowerReading Room houses historical collections.

In 1995 the RHS proposed to relocate the main collection fromLondon to Wisley, but architect Rick Mather redesigned the accommodation to make better use of the basement. His design wasaccepted and the project was carried out between 1997 and 2001.The Heritage Lottery Fund assisted with a grant on condition that thelibrary should be opened up to public access.

The library is based upon the book collection of English botanist JohnLindley, and has many rare books dating from 1514. It also includesother media such as garden guidebooks, trade catalogues, postcardsand press cuttings. As well as horticulture, the collection covers flora,birds and other related subjects. The London site also includes theRHS' collection of paintings and photographs.

In July 2011 a fire broke out in the bowels of the Royal HorticulturalSociety’s headquarters. It was midday on a Friday but if fire been afew hours later, at night or at the weekend, the losses could havebeen devastating. The library’s contract restorers set to work onrepairs to all the burned and soot-damaged items. No valuable workswere lost.

Lindley Library,80 Vincent Square, London, SW1P 2PETel: 020 7821 3050

THE CARDINAL PLACE CHRISTMAS FOOD MARKETOn Thursday 18th December, from 11.00 am to 3.00 pm, theThursday Cardinal Place Food Market will have a Christmas twist!The special Christmas edition of this Shepherds Market will have festive food gifts and treats such as handmade chocolates and fudge,seasonal cakes, and mince pies galore. The Market will also be serving up English artisan fudge and cheese, savoury English piesincluding partridge and pear, and Sardinian and Iberian charcuterieand olive oil. There will also be a selection of craft gifts – the perfectchance to get those last minute stocking fillers. Cardinal Place, Victoria, London SW1

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Pimlico & Belgravia Eye is now the only free monthly publication covering key areas of Pimlico, Belgravia andWestminster, including Victoria, Millbank and Petty France. Each issue is also available to see on-line.If you have a planned promotion requiring your material, leaflets or brochures to be delivered locally, we are your firstchoice. We have been printing and delivering Pimlico & Belgravia Eye to local residential and business addresses since July1989. We have detailed knowledge on how to cover the area and we provide maps showing where your material isdistributed. See: Pimlico and Belgravia Eye http://www.eye group publications.co.uk

ST. JAMES’S PARK IN WORLD WAR IMany people were surprised in April 1915 to see the new armyhuts being erected on the grassy slopes of St. James’s Park,where once they might have fed the pelicans. A newspaper article

at the time commented that it was probably the first time that buildings of any kind had been built on this spot ‘but the require-ments of the war are breaking through the old order of things inmany ways’.

The Civil Service more than doubled in size during the war and thegovernment constructed new temporary buildings in London’sparks to house the new employees. From 1915 to 1920 St.

James’s Park was taken over by the War Office and buildings wereconstructed over much of the grass and the drained lake. Some ofthe departments and offices in the park were the War OfficePensions Office, and offices and a canteen for the Ministry ofShipping. After the war the Passport Office and the DemobilisationOffice were there.

Politicians were not keen on the buildings. In 1918 Sir GodfreyBaring deplored the use which had been made of the park andcommented, ‘It is to be regretted that a place like St. James’s Parkshould be disfigured with such buildings as have been erectedthere. I cannot believe that in this huge Metropolis there were not


other spaces more suited to buildings of this hideous character than in St. James’s Park, one of the most beautiful in the country. It is most desirable, from the public health point of view, that publicparks should be kept as free and open as possible during the hotweather.’

The buildings were still there in 1920 when another politiciandescribed them as ‘a horrid, offensive eyesore’.Temporary Ministry of Shipping offices in the drained lake

Angela Lownie provides an individual house history research servicefor London properties. www.londonhousehistories.co.uk

St Paul's Knightsbridge Festival Choir is a long established, friendly and sociable choir of about 80 singers.They perform a wide variety of major works, normally with an orches-tra. The venue for their performances is usually St Paul's Church inWilton Place, Knightsbridge.

The choir is formally registered as a charity aimed at advancing,improving, developing and maintaining public education in, andappreciation of, the art and science of music in all its aspects by thepresentation of public concerts.

The Choir is always seeking new singers. All newcomers will receivea warm welcome. Come, you don't need an invitation or an

introduction. Rehearsals are held on Thursday evenings from 6.45pm to 8.45 pm in the Parish Hall of St. Stephen's (Gloucester Road)at 48 Emperor's Gate, London, SW7 4HJ

If you would like to join or make an enquiry please call Veronica Edwards on 020 8940 8734.

The next concert is on Saturday 13th December 2014Programme:- Rutter: Gloria; Haydn: Missa in Angustiis 'Nelson Mass'Vaughan Williams: Fantasia on Christmas CarolsSt Paul's Church, Wilton Place, London SW1X 8SH

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10,000 copies of the Pimlico & Belgravia Eye arehand delivered across Pimlico, Belgravia, Victoria,

Petty France & Millbank monthly.

5 Pimlico & Belgravia Eye December 2014

BELGRAVIA CHRISTMAS SUNDAY - 7TH DECEMBER 2014Santa and his Reindeer, Carol Singers, Christmas Lights and thebest of Festive Shopping

Sparkling their way through two of Belgravia’s most beautifulstreets, Father Christmas and his live reindeer will make Christmascome to life in one of London’s best loved villages.

On Sunday 7th December, Elizabeth Street and Pimlico Road will

be transformed into a winter wonderland, thriving with festive handmade craft stalls and boutique markets, balloon modellers,choirs, brass bands and delicious festive food and drink.

A haven from the busy high street Belgravia is the ultimateChristmas destination fordiscerning shoppers anddiners alike. Belgravia hasan array of superb boutique retailers with barsand restaurants, designerand luxury fashion, delicious gourmet treatsand beautiful homewares.

Belgravia ChristmasSunday offers plenty to getyou salivating. You canrecharge your flagging batteries at the likes ofThomas Cubitt, thePantechnicon Rooms,

Olivetto and Baker and Spice.Shoppers throughout the day will be treated to some live entertainment in the form of Christmas music, jugglers and choir performances. Father Christmas will also be stopping off to wishyoung shoppers the tidings of the season.

Belgravia Christmas Sunday,Elizabeth Street and Pimlico Road. 7th December 2014 Admission is free.


2014 YEAR OF THE BUSTransport for London and the London Transport Museum celebratesthe 'Year of the Bus' - a series of engagingevents, exhibitions, recreations and activities that will reconnect Londoners with their busnetwork and remind the world of theincredible role it plays in this great city.

It's been 60 years since the creation of theiconic Routemaster, 75 years since the launch of the RT-Type bus

and 100 years since the world's first mass-produced motor bus, theB-Type 'Battle Bus' that carried soldiers to the frontline during theFirst World War.

New Routemaster sculptures, painted and adorned by well-knownand aspiring artists, as part of 2014 ‘Year of the Bus’.Following the on-street display, the sculptures will be auctioned toraise invaluable funds for 3 charities; Kids Company, Transaid andLondon Transport Museum.

Westminster Bus by Jenny Leonard

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Opening HoursTuesday - Friday 10.00 am - 8.00 pmSaturday 9.00 am - 5.00 pmSunday 11.00 am - 4.00 pm

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CHRISTMAS SERVICES AT St Michael’s ChurchSaturday 13th December - Carols by candlelightSunday 14th December - Carols by candlelightWednesday 24th December - Midnight communionSt Michael's Chester Square London SW1W 9HH

ST MARY’S, BOURNE STREETSunday 30th November, 6.00 pm: Advent Sunday carol service (aVigil of Light and Solemn Benediction).Wednesday 24thDecemberChristmas Eve,10.30 pm: Carolsby candlelight.Midnight Mass11.00 pmThursday 25thDecemberChristmas Day,9.00 am: LowMass.High Mass 11.00am

ST BARNABAS,PIMLICOThursday 25thDecemberChristmas Day,9.30am: SungMass.

THE CHURCH OF THEHOLY APOSTLESSunday 14th DecemberCarol Service with SchoolChildren - Monday 15thDecember 5.00pmReconciliation Servicewith Confession - 7.00 pmWednesday 24thDecember Christmas Eve- Vigil and Midnight Mass11.30pmThursday 25thDecember Christmas Day- Masses at 9.00 am and10.30 am (Family Mass)The Church of the HolyApostles47 Cumberland St,London SW1V 4LY


THE TRADITION OF THE CHRISTMAS PUDDING or Plum Pudding is the traditional end to the British Christmas din-ner. But what we think of as Christmas Pudding, is not what it was originally like!

Christmas pudding originated as a 14th century porridge called'frumenty' that was made of beef and mutton with raisins, currants,prunes, wines and spices. This would often be more like soup andwas eaten as a fasting meal in preparation for the Christmas festivities.

By 1595, frumenty was slowly changing into a plum pudding, hav-ing been thickened with eggs, breadcrumbs, dried fruit and given

more flavour with the addition of beer andspirits. It became the customary

Christmas dessert around 1650, butin 1664 the Puritans banned it as a

bad custom.

In 1714, King George I re-established it as part ofthe Christmas meal. ByVictorian times, Christmas

Puddings had changed into something similar to the ones that are eaten today.

Over the years, superstitions have surrounded ChristmasPuddings. One says that the pudding should be made with 13ingredients to represent Jesus and His Disciples and that everymember of the family should take turns to stir the pudding with awooden spoon.

Although Christmas Puddings are eaten at Christmas, some cus-toms associated with the pudding are about Easter! The decorativesprig of holly on the top of the pudding is a reminder of Jesus'Crown of Thorns that he wore when he was killed. Brandy oranother alcoholic drink is sometimes poured over the pudding andlit at the table to make a spectacular display.

In the Middle Ages, holly was also thought to bring good luck andto have healing powers. It was often planted near houses in thebelief that it protected the inhabitants. During Victorian times, pud-dings in big and rich houses were often cooked in fancy moulds.These were often in the shapes of towers or castles. Normal peo-ple just had puddings in the shape of balls.

Putting a silver coin in the pudding is another age-old custom thatis said to bring luck to the person that finds it. The coin traditionallyused was a silver 'six pence'. The tradition dates back to the 12thNight Cake which was eaten during the festivities on the '12thNight' of Christmas (the official end of the Christmas celebrations).Originally a dried pea or bean was baked in the cake and whoevergot it, was 'king or queen' for the night. First coins used were aSilver Farthing or penny. After WW1 a threepenny bit and then asixpence.


PIMLICO & BELGRAVIA EYE CHRISTMAS 2014 ISSUE

Out on 2nd December 2014For details call 020 7351 4831

website www.eyepublications.co.uk

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TOTHILL FIELDS BRIDEWELLalso known as Tothill Fields Prison and Westminster Bridewell wasa prison located in the Westminster area between 1618 and 1884.It was named 'Bridewell' after the Bridewell Palace, which duringthe 16th century had become one of the City of London's mostimportant prisons. Tothill Fields later became the WestminsterHouse of Correction.

This prison is situated in Tothill Fields, Westminster. The first yardyou enter is for felons, tried and untried, boys and men; at the endof this is an open iron railing, within is the narrow airing-place ofthe infirmary; beyond is the vagrants' court, equally connected withthe infirmary by open iron-work. Thus, the patients communicatewith the vagrants on one side and the felons on the other. Many of

the wards in which the prisoners sleep are sunk below the level ofthe ground, and this level is considered to be below high-watermark. The up-stairs rooms of the governor's house are muchaffected with damp. The prisoners complain bitterly of the cold andmoisture of the cells. To obviate these inconveniences, as many aspossible crowd together at night into the same cell : how injuriousthis must be to the health can be conceived by the statement ofthe gaoler, that having occasion lately to open one of the doors inthe night, the effluvia was almost intolerable

Like its City counterpart, the Westminster Bridewell was intendedas a "house of correction" for the compulsory employment of able-bodied but indolent paupers. It was enlarged in 1655, and duringthe reign of Queen Anne, its regime was extended to cover theincarceration of criminals.

In 1834 the original Bridewell was replaced by a larger prison, on adifferent site, 8 acres in area, south of Victoria Street and close toVauxhall Bridge Road. The new prison, designed by RobertAbraham and costing £186,000, was circular in plan so thatwarders could supervise prisoners from a central point, and had acapacity of 900 prisoners. After it was completed, the old prisonwas demolished. At the back of Middlesex Guildhall in LittleSanctuary is the 17th century 'The Stone Gateway', positionedthere by the Greater London Council in 1969.


Originally the Bridewell comprised three separate gaols for untriedmale prisoners and debtors, male convicts, and women. Inmateswere put to work oakum-picking andtreading the treadmill, and it operatedon a silent/separate system.However, due to poor management,the regime was changed in 1850 andthe Bridewell then housed onlywomen and convicted boys under theage of seventeen.

The second prison was closed in1877, when prisoners were transferred to Millbank Prison, and wasdemolished in 1885. Westminster Cathedral, started in 1895, nowstands on the site. The prison's foundations were re-used for thecathedral.

SAVE THE CHILDREN is the UK’s leading international children’s charity. They work in thiscountry, as well as overseas, helping children who live with poverty,disease, violence and injustice.

In 2014 the money raised by the Chelsea & Wesminster branc hasgone to help children in Syria and South Sudan, whilst here in the UKthey are supporting an inspiring project called ‘Families and SchoolsTogether’ which transforms the lives of some of the poorestchildren in the UK. Save the Children are also involved in a huge programme across the UK, ‘Born to Read’, which targets schools indeprived areas where volunteers help children improve theirreading skills. And in the London Borough of Westminster theyare working with young people in a programme called ‘In myBackyard’.

Overseas, Save the Children has identified 21 countries with thegreatest needs, and are focussing their our efforts to achievemaximum impact.

The Chelsea and Westminster Branch has been working forover 60 years on fund-raising projects. If you would like more detailsof the fund-raising events organised by the Chelsea and Westminsterbranch, please visit their website at www.christmascocktail.co.ukPlease telephone the Secretary on 0207 736 3817 or email them [email protected] if you would like more information, be included on their mailing list, or are interested in sponsoring anyof their events.

Monday 8th December 2014 12.30 pm - 9.00 pm Admission £10Chelsea Old Town Hall, King’s Road, London SW3 5EE


Out on 30TH November 2014For details call 020 7351 4831


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LEAFLETSPlanning a leaflet promotion?Pimlico & Belgravia Eye can

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Reaching even more of Pimlico, Belgravia, Victoria, Petty France and MillbankWe are now taking series bookings with 15% discount with on-line bookings.For details Caroline or David on Tel: 020 7351 4831

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CHRISTMAS AT ST. JAMES THE LESS PIMLICO:Sunday 14th December - Carols by Candlelight (followed by mincepies and mulled wine): 6.00 pm.A traditional favourite where we enjoy the beautiful church by candlelight, accompanied by the choir and musicians.

Wednesday 17th December - Children’s Christmas Nativity StarTrail: 4.00 -5.30 pm.All are welcome to thisfun after-school activity,where we will be tellingthe Christmas storythrough an interactivetrail.

Wednesday 24thDecember - MidnightCommunion: 11.00 pm.You are invited to cele-brate the coming ofChristmas at our spe-cial Midnight HolyCommunion.

Thursday 25thDecember - Christmas

Family Celebration with Holy Communion: 10.00 am A fun service of celebration for the whole family where we will alsoshare Holy Communion together.

CHRISTMAS SERVICES AT ST GABRIELSThursday, 18th December 7.00 pm Carol Service

Led by CappellaGabrielis and StGabriel’s SchoolWednesday 24thDecember - 4.00 pmCrib service11.30 pm Midnight MassThursday 25thDecemberChristmas Day8.00 am HolyCommunion 10.30 amSung MassWednesday 31stDecember New Year’sEve3.30 pm ChoralEvensong with theRodolfus Choir, dir.

Ralph Allwood. Live broadcast on B.B.C. Radio 3.


THE HISTORY OF CHRISTMAS TREES The evergreen fir tree has traditionally been used to celebrate winter festivals for thousands of years. Pagans used branches ofit to decorate their homes during the winter solstice, as it madethem think of the spring to come. The Romans used Fir Trees to decorate their temples at the festival of Saturnalia. Christians useit as a sign of everlasting life with God.

Nobody is really sure when Fir trees were first used as Christmastrees. It probably started about began 1000 years ago inNorthern Europe. Many early Christmas Trees seem to havebeen hung upside down from the ceiling using chains (hung fromchandeliers/lighting hooks).

Other early Christmas Trees, across many part of northerneurope, were cherry or hawthorn plants (or a branch of the plant)

that wereput intopots andbroughtinside, sotheywouldhopefullyflower atChristmastime. Ifyou couldn'tafford areal plant,peoplemade pyramidsof woodsand theywere dec-orated tolook like atree with

paper, apples and candles. Sometimes there were carriedaround from house to house, rather than being displayed in ahome.

It's possible that the wooden pyramid trees were meant to be likeParadise Trees. These were used in medieval German Mysteryor Miracle Plays that were acted out in front of Churches onChristmas Eve. In early church calendars of saints, 24thDecember was Adam and Eve's day. The Paradise Tree represented the Garden of Eden. It was often paraded aroundthe town before the play started, as a way of advertising the play.

Veronica Garbutt



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R E S E R V A T I O N S

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either ensuite or adjacent,Please contact Monica Barrington.

Tel: 020-7937 2001

Published monthly (since 1989) the Pimlico and Belgravia Eyewith the Chelsea and Knightsbridge Eye represent awonderful advertising opportunity to target the

very customers you want – local people looking forgood companies who can be trusted to deliver a highstandard of service and convenience.

Free editorial space is often available tohighlight your latest products or services toadd weight to your advertisement. Ourdisplay rates offer excellent value for moneyand if you would like your own literaturedistributed or need design and print wecan assist.

Distribution map,copy deadlines etc on our website: www.eyepublications.co.uk

DISPLAY RATES

REACH 25,000 POTENTIAL LOCAL CUSTOMERSFOR AS LITTLE AS £50

To find out more about advertising in our health and beauty pages call Caroline Carr on 020 7351 4831 or email her at

[email protected]

1/12th page95mm x 37.5mm £501/6th page 95mm x 75mm £951/3 page95mm x 160mm £1501/2 page95mm x 238mm £230

Series discount of 15% on three insertions

PIMLICO GARDENS are a council managed set of beautiful cultured gardens along thenorth bank of the River Thames at the southern end of StGeorge's Square, and rather like a continuation of it, PimlicoGardens provides a small riverside park. It is laid out with trees,lawn and seating has bedding displays and a drinking fountain.The gardens are a popular spot for joggers, dog walkers andlocal corporate party planners because of the river views

The most prominent marble statue is of William Huskisson, is bythe eminent sculptur John Gibson. The statesman stands ratherinformally on his plinth, one sandalled foot over the edge, wearing a classical drape wound around his body and legs, overone arm in toga fashion, and leaving his other arm and much of

his chestexposed.His neck isbent, hisgaze down-wards, as iflost in somegreatthought. Heis shown asa muscularfigure, withshort, slight-ly curly hair– againratherRoman,though theforehead isnot, and inhis righthand heholds a

rolled up scroll. The statue was originally intended for LiverpoolCustoms House, for which it proved too large and it was thenerected at the Royal Exchange in the City of London, and eventu-ally moved to Pimlico.

Huskisson was a British statesman, financier, and MP for severalconstituencies, including Liverpool. He is renowned for being theworld's first widely reported railway casualty - he was run over byGeorge Stephenson's pioneering locomotive engine Rocket! Heattended the opening ceremony of the Liverpool and ManchesterRailway in 1830.

Nearby is 'The Helmsman', a bronze statue by Andre Wallace of1996. Near to Pimlico Gardens are early 19th century listed terraced houses, a pumping station and chimney and superintendent's house. Adjacent to the gardens is the LondonBoating Base.effect is of unstudied nobility.

On the opposite side of the gardens just in front of theWestminster Boating Base, a training centre for young peoplewith an interest in watersports, is ‘The Helmsman’, donated by

BerkelyHomes (NorthLondon). This15′ highbronze sculp-ture featuresa sailor, com-pletely nakedbarring hishelmet,standing atthe tiller of hisboat. Thesculpture isby AndreWallace andwas installedafter he wonan open competition tointroduce new

art to the area in 1996.

ST GEORGE'S SQUAREis a long narrow garden square in Pimlico. At the southern end isGrosvenor Road running along the River Thames.Pimlico's development was started in 1835 by the landowner, theMarquess of Westminster, and the building was supervised byThomas Cubitt who also designed the gardens. St George's

Square was originally laid out in 1839 as two parallel streets running north-south but by 1843 had been developed into a formal square, London's only residential square open to the RiverThames. The first residents moved in in 1854. Until 1874 thesquare had its own pier for steamers.

St George's Square was in the parish of George Hanover Squareand was named after the patron saint of England. The Church ofSt Saviour (1864) stands at the north end of the square; it wasdesigned by Thomas Cundy the Younger.


The Helmsman

William Huskisson

HASLAM & PAYNEY OU R L OC AL SOL IC ITOR S

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For an initial interview or estimate of our charges please callRichard Payne or Mark Lewis

Tel: 020 7828 8725 Fax: 020 7821 [email protected] Lower Grosvenor Place,

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Reaching even more ofPimlico, Belgravia, Victoria, Petty France &MillbankWe are now taking series bookings with 15% discount with on-line bookingsFor details Caroline or David on Tel: 020 7351 4831

Call: 020 7798 8686www.dolphinfitnessclub.co.uk

OFFER ENDS 31ST JANUARY 2011 *TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLY

HALF PRICE MEMBERSHIP

throughout January 2011

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LEAFLETS Planning a leaflet promotion?

Pimlico & Belgravia Eye can help with artwork and printing at competitive prices.

Call for details: 020 7351 4831

To include a glass of wine, canapés throughout, & a bag for life

Admission £10

Stalls, Tombola & Champagne Bars

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Your local gift shop

Unique gifts, souvenirs& accessories for your home

Decorative Gifts • Candles • Lanterns • Silverware • LampsHome Accessories • Pictures • Souvenirs • Cards • Giftwrap

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CHRISTMAS PROMOTIONS10,000 copies of the Pimlico & Belgravia Eye are hand

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