DEBATE People are like countries when it comes to wanting revenge. Create a T chart- Agree/ Disagree with statement 1s will agree 2s will disagree.

DEBATE

People are like countries when it comes to wanting revenge.

Create a T chart- Agree/ Disagree with statement

1s will agree2s will disagree

WORLD WAR II

THE FIGHTING BEGINS

WESTERN EUROPE RESPONSE

September the 1st, France and England sent an ultimatum to Germany to withdraw from Poland

The Nazi army had 24 hours to leave Poland

On September 3, 1939 France and England had no choice but to declare war on Germany.

Neville Chamberlain, the British Prime Minister said:

“In war, whichever side may call itself the victor, there are no winners, but all are losers.”

CANADA JOINS THE WAR

Canada was NOT automatically at war since Britain declared war on Germany.

WHY?

Statute of Westminster (1935): Canada will have control over its

own foreign affairs

HOWEVER…

PM KING DECLARES WAR

Sept 9, ‘39 – PM King declared war on Germany

Canada joined the Allied Forces By the end of the first

month 70 000 Cdns. had signed up.

One million would serve by the end of the war

Canadian Forces

Group ContributionsFrench Canadians

Africans

Canadian Women

Aboriginals

Asians (Chinese and Japanese)

Jewish Canadians

Worked as spies, fight in the war, non combat roles

Accepted into fighting in the war, Integrated through out the army navy and air force

50,000 vol, mechanics, technicians, spies, drivers, non combat roles

3,000 joined the army-72 women

Used as translators, fought in the jungles of Asia, worked as spies, broadcasters

17,000, Hid there identity,

September 1939

Nazis Invade Poland

BLITKREIG Modern” version of the SCHLIEFFEN PLAN Lightning Strike in German German attack strategy using the three major military corps of the Third Reich’s army

GERMANY ADVANCES

BLITZKREIG

STEP 1:

The LUFTWAFFE

the Air Force, went in first and bombed the enemy

Luftwaffe’s planes: STUKAS

STEP 2:

The PANZER

the armoured divisions, went second and shelled the enemy

Panzer’s tanks: Tiger

STEP 3:

The WERMARCHT

the infantry, went in and “cleaned up” the remaining resistance.

Wermarcht: infantry

HOW DID THE FIGHTING BEGIN...

Hitler tried to make peace w/ Britain & France by promising not to invade any other country

NO ONE WAS FOOLED THIS TIME!! Sept 17, 1939 – World was SHOCKED…

Russia invaded Poland from the East. Poland was now occupied by Nazi and

Communist regimes!! No Fighting (Sitzkrieg – phony war) until the

spring of 1940.

Hitler’s next invasions

1. April ’40 Denmark/Norway

Blitzkrieg

2. May ’40 Holland/Belgium

attacked

WHAT PARTS OF EUROPE DID HITLER CONTROL?

1.

2.

3.

4.

Europe in 1940

INVASION OF FRANCE

German invasion of France was quick

Britain sent troops France and Britain

were not prepared for the BLITZKRIEG

British soldiers retreated to the coastal French city of Dunkirk

Germany’s Strategic Errors

They were trapped with no where to go….

German troops were advancing…and…

• Hitler ordered the Luftwaffe (air force) to bomb the Br. forces, while ordering the Wermacht (army) to pull back

• This would prove to be one of Hitler's costly errors.

MIRACLE OF DUNKIRK

Fortunately a dense fog pinned the Luftwaffe

A call went out to all British vessels to cross the English Channel and rescue the men.

900 boats - ferries, fishing boats, pleasure boats- joined the British destroyers.

It was believed that only 10 000 men could be rescued, but by the end 340 000 soldiers were rescued from certain destruction.

Many historians believe that "the Miracle of Dunkirk" prevented Hitler from winning in 1940.

FRANCE FALLS

Meanwhile, the French army had fallen.

On June 14, 1940 the Nazis marched into an undefended Paris

3 days later France surrendered.

Hitler had conquered most of w. Europe. Only the Soviet Union remained to the East and the British Isles to the West.

HOMEWORK

Fill in the section “YEARS IN CRISIS” on your chart

Study the Map on page 117Answer 1 and 2

p. 119 1-2