death and p.m changes

THANATOLOGY

THANATOLOGY

THANATOLOGY - is the scientific study of the phenomenon of death & . the .

processes relating to death.

1_Somatic or Clinical death

2_ Molecular death

Types of death :

Somatic or Clinical Death

Permanent and irreversible damage to;

= Brain= Heart= Lungs

Molecular Death

Death of individuals tissues and cells

Process competes by two to three hours after somatic death (molecular time)

Transplantation of organs like:

Liver – within 15 minutes

Kidney 30-40 minutes

Heart 1 hour

Brain death

Brain death : unaware bed sores

Brain stem death deep coma

Whole brain death

Preconditions Exclusions Brain stem reflexes

Apnea EEG Brain circulation

Diagnosis

Brain- stem reflexes

Pupillary reflext Optic <- Occulomotor Vestibulo-reflex occular -> Auditory <- Abducent Corneal reflex -> Trigeminal <- Facial Gag reflex -> Glossopharyngeal <- Vagus Dolls eye reflex - > Auditory <- Abducent

SUDDEN DEATH

Sudden Death

Un expected death which caused rapid 2 h after terminal illness .

CAUSES

CVSRESPIRATORY

CNS GIT

CHILDREN

MICELLANOUS

Cardiovascular

- Coronary disease- Congenital heart diseases- Valvular heart diseases- Hypertensive heart diseases- Infection- Cardiac tamponade- Aortic aneurysm

Respiratory- Pulmonary embolism- Haemoptysis- Infections- Chronic asthmatics- Anaphylaxis- Obstruction to air passage

C.N.S.- Intra cerebral haemorrhage- Sub arachnoid haemorrhage- Cerebral thrombosis- Embolism- Infections- Tumor of brain

Abdominal

- Haemorrhage in the G.I. tract- Rupture of abdominal aneurysm- Liver diseases- Acute pancreatic bleeding

- Endocrinal- Adrenal haemorrhage- Diabetic coma- Myxoedemic and parathyroid crisis- Iatrogenic- Abuse of drugs- Sudden withdrawal of steroids- Anesthesia- Mismatched blood transfusion.

Miscellaneous Bacteriaemic shock Shock due to fear or emotion Malaria Special causes in children Cot death or SIDS Congenital mental abnormalities Concealed puncture wound.

p.m. Change

Changes After Death (Early Signs)Rigor Mortis

Changes in the Skin

Changes in the Eye

Cooling of the Body

Cadaveric spasm

Changes After Death (Late Signs)Putrefaction

Adipocere Formation

Mummification

RIGOR MORTIS

Color change appear in right iliac fossa due to caecum

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