DC + Storage = Full Potential

• Tim de Lange Msc. Bsc.

• InnoSys Delft BV

• Electric drive trains and electricity storage systems

• [email protected]

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

• InnoSys Delft BV Current Activities:

• Finishing the motor drive of a 100hp budget drive train

• Introduction of the 700Vdc on board EV charger

• Test Evs from Essent and Enexis second life: extension to onboard 700Vdc

21kW charging

• Storage systems with second life EV batteries. 350/700Vdc compatibility

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DCDC converter with energy saving lamp • Low cost • 30kHz switching frequency • COTS components • High efficient • 600 Watts • 1998

DC + Storage = Full Potential

• 18 kWhrs/1000 km • 168 VDC • 5,5 kWhr • 10 HP • CdS 0,011 • 140 kgs • 300 kms @100 kph • 30 kgs of battery • Payload 200 kgs

DC + Storage = Full Potential

• 165 kWhrs/1000 km • 370 VDC • 32 kWhr • 200 HP • CdS 0,63 • 1600 kgs • 190 kms range @100 kph • 280 kgs of battery • Payload 500 kgs

• 155 kWhrs/1000 km • 110 VDC • 20 kWhr • 40 HP • CdS 0,63 • 1200 kgs • 140 kms range @100 kph • 170 kgs of battery • Payload 400 kgs

DC + Storage = Full Potential

• 60 kWhrs/1000 km • 148 VDC • 25 kWhr • 80 HP • CdS 0,21 • 900 kgs • 400 kms range @100 kph • 195 kgs of battery • Payload 400 kgs

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Current status: 1- / 3-phase charger 3 / 9 kW 230 / 400Vac 18kg Now: 60km/hr

Soon: 180km/hr

DC + Storage = Full Potential

In development: 700Vdc / 21kW 12kg Now: 180km/hr

Soon: 350km/hr

DC + Storage = Full Potential

AC charging speeds Ranges [km/hr @ 9 kW]: [km/8hr]: Rural / dirt road: - Minibus: 27 200 - Normal car: 40 250 - InnoCar: 120 500 Urban area: - Minibus: 40 250 - Normal car: 60 350 - InnoCar: 180 650

DC charging speeds Ranges [km/hr @ 21 kW]: [km/8hr]: Rural / dirt road: - Minibus: 65 350 - Normal car: 100 450 - InnoCar: 300 650 Urban area: - Minibus: 100 450 - Normal car: 150 600 - InnoCar: 350 750

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC:

• Gives electric transportation more mileage, without really changing cars

• Gives most flexibility in choosing your charging system (induction/wire)

• Makes use of the energy sources that South Africa already has

• Enables cheaper rural high power generation

• Enables cheaper high power charging infrastructures

• Increases charging power with less copper needed

• Renewable transport where there are no power lines yet

• Can boost both rural and city economies (less distribution of fuels)

• Provides employment (production of cars / components / assembly)

• System integral thinking makes E-transport and mobile power supply

superior NOW, instead of getting stuck in future thinking

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Charge Infrastructure Challenges:

• AC network on long term ‘too soft’ for PFC chargers in Evs

• DC-fication of networks needs to be done in safe steps: DC charge station

for EV

• DC on board charging when one cán and DC off board charging when one

hás to.

• DC-fication home vs DC-fication in the street: Senseo?!

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Battery Life Experience:

• Essent (200.000km+)

• Enexis (200.000km+)

• InnoSys Delft BV (100.000km+ early days)

• Swollen cells

• Voltage dip

• Remaining capacity

• 5C rating vs 0.5C rating

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Modularity B2G / Distribution :

• Block voltages 24V-120V

• Opted network voltage 350/700Vdc

• DCDC converter: high efficient / low price

• High efficient -> low cooling investment

• Hot swappable

• Multi-inverter ‘transformer / storage’ cabinet 19” rack

DC + Storage = Full Potential

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Compatibility Electric Grid:

• All electric society vs good old ac networks

• DC advantages:

• Always power factor 1

• No reactive power billing

• No distortion

• Higher efficiency due to solid state electronics

• Smaller equipment

• Easier network management: EV is buffer

• Second life business model EV batteries

DC + Storage = Full Potential

Questions?

• Site: www.innosysdelft.com

• E-mail: [email protected]

DC + Storage = Full Potential