Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems Content Page 1.Introduction 2 2. Mini World – Description 3. Mini World - Analysis a.Entities i. Identify Nouns ii. Filter Synonyms / Aliases iii. Identify Entities iv. Final Entities v. Entity Relationships b.Attributes i. Identify Attributes ii. Key Attributes 4. Entity Relationship / Extended Entity Relationship Schema a. Primary ER / EER Schema b. ER / EER Schema after resolving N- nary relationships c. ER / EER Schema after resolving M..N relationships d.Constraints e.Assumptions 5. Relational Schema a. EER to Relational Mapping i. Strong / Regular Entities ii. Weak Entities iii. 1:1 Relationships iv. 1:N Relationships v. M:N Relationships vi. Recursive Relationships b. Relational Schema Diagram 6. Data Dictionary Masters Programme in Biomedical Informatics Batch 3 – Group 2 Page 1
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Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
Content
Page1. Introduction 22. Mini World – Description3. Mini World - Analysis
a. Entitiesi. Identify Nounsii. Filter Synonyms / Aliasesiii. Identify Entitiesiv. Final Entitiesv. Entity Relationships
b. Attributesi. Identify Attributesii. Key Attributes
a. Primary ER / EER Schemab. ER / EER Schema after resolving N-nary
relationshipsc. ER / EER Schema after resolving M..N
relationshipsd. Constraintse. Assumptions
5. Relational Schemaa. EER to Relational Mapping
i. Strong / Regular Entitiesii. Weak Entitiesiii. 1:1 Relationshipsiv. 1:N Relationshipsv. M:N Relationshipsvi. Recursive Relationships
b. Relational Schema Diagram6. Data Dictionary7. Consolidated ER/EER Schema8. Limitations and Further Development9. Acknowledgement
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Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
10. Our Team Spirit
1. Introduction
2. Mini World - Description
ABC Hospital is a leading health care institute which provides both in and out ward services for its clients. In-ward services are delivered through the wards system available for all specialties. Outpatient care is provided by the OPD & Emergency department and the Multispecialty Clinic system.
Administrators of ABC decided to develop an information system to manage the Clinic system to enhance the efficacy of the services provided to clients.
Mini world: Group 1
For the clinics, clients are referred from wards or OPD. Each client is registered at the clinic registration desk in the first visit to a clinic. Each client is given a unique registration number and it can be used for any of the clinics if referred. For each client, information on Name, Gender, Date of Birth, Address, Phone number/s, Clinic name/s and Referred place (Ward/OPD & Emergency) is collected and stored.
Each clinic is conducted at a specific location. Each location is identified by an unique number and information on phone extension, seating capacity and conducted clinics are stored in the system.
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Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
A specific clinic session is conducted at the specified location according to a given time table. Clinic sessions are allocated for clients to attend a clinic.
Mini world: Group 2
Some doctors of ABC are attached to clinics and a single doctor can work in one or more clinics (non parallel).
Nurses of ABC are attached to a single specific location.
Both doctors and nurses are allocated to relevant clinic sessions.
Information on Name, Gender, Date of Birth, Address and Phone number/s and job category of ABC employees are stored in the system according to a unique employee number.
3. Mini World - Analysis
a. Entities
i. Identify Nouns
Nouns are in red:
Some doctors of ABC are attached to clinics and a single doctor can work in one or more clinics (non parallel).
Nurses of ABC are attached to a single specific location.
Both doctors and nurses are allocated to relevant clinic sessions.
Information on Name, Gender, Date of Birth, Address and Phone number/s and job category of ABC employees are stored in the system according to a unique employee number.
Identified Nouns:
Doctors ABC Hospital Clinics
Nurses Location Clinic Sessions
Name Gender Date of Birth
Address Phone number/s Job category
Employees Employee number
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ii. Filter Synonyms / Aliases
iii. Identify Entities
Following entities were identified from available mini world information.
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Doctors ABC Hospital Clinics
Nurses Location Clinic Sessions
Name Gender Date of Birth
Address Phone Number/s Job Category
Employee Number Employees
Doctor Clinic Nurse
LocationClinic
SessionEmployee
Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
This is the Problem domain
These are attributes of ‘Employee’ entity
iv. Final Entities
v. Entity Relationships
Following relationships and their cardinality constraints were extracted from mini world information.
Some doctors are attached to clinics A single doctor can work in one or more clinics Each nurse is attached to a single specific location Some doctors are allocated to relevant clinic sessions Some nurses are allocated to relevant clinic sessions
Following relationships were made for the completion of schema.
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ABC Hospital
Name
Gender
Date of Birth
Address
Phone Number/s
Job Category
Employee Number
Employee Doctor Nurse
Location ClinicClinic
Session
Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
Each clinic has (conducts) clinic sessions Each clinic session is conducted in a specific location
Further to above we have made some assumptions and they are mentioned in relevant sections as well as under section 4.e: Assumptions.
b. Attributes
i. Identify Attributes
Followings are the attributes we identified for each entity.
Employee entity type
Doctor entity type
Nurse entity type
Clinic entity type
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Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
Location entity type
Clinic session entity type
ii. Key Attributes
Following is the list of key attributes of identified strong entities.
Entity Name Key AttributeEmployee Emp_NoDoctor Inherit Emp_ID from their
super class, EmployeeNurseLocation Location_IDClinic Clinic_ID
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b. ER / EER Schema after resolving N-nary relationships
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Assumption #1All Nurses are
attached to some location
Assumption #2A single location may have 0 or many nurses
Assumption #3There may be some clinics
which have not held any
sessions yet.
N-nary relationshipN-nary relationship
Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
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Assumption #4There may be some clinic
doctors who have not participated any clinic
session yet.
Assumption #5Each clinic session at least one allocated
nurse
M:N relationshipM:N
relationship
Semester 1 - Assignment: Fundamentals of Database Systems
c. ER / EER Schema after resolving M..N relationships
d. Constraints
Maximum and minimum cardinality constraints are stated in ER/EER schema in section 4.c
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e. Assumptions
In preparing the ER/EER schema, we made following assumption. They are also stated in relevant places of ER/EER schema at sections 4.a and 4.b
1. All Nurses are attached to some location2. A single location may have 0 or many nurses3. There may be some clinics registered in the system which have not held any
clinic sessions yet4. There may be some clinic doctors who have not participated any clinic
session yet5. Each clinic session at least one allocated nurse
5. Relational Schema
a. EER to Relational Mapping
i. Strong / Regular Entities
ii. Weak Entities
iii. 1:1 Relationships
iv. 1:N Relationships
v. M:N Relationships
vi. Recursive Relationships
b. Relational Schema Diagram
6. Data Dictionary
Abbreviations: (FL – Field Length, Req. – Required, PK – Primary Key, CPK – Composite Primary Key, PaK – Partial Key, FK – Foreign Key)
Relation: EMPLOYEE
Attribute Name
Data Type
FL Key Req. Description Sample
Emp_No String 10 PK Yes Employee Number ABC12345F_Name String 40 Yes First Name Saman
L_Name String 40 Yes Last Name Perera
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Gender String 8 Yes Gender of the employee Male
DOB Date 12 Yes Date of birth 23/09/1995
H_No String 10 No House number 123/5A
Street String 40 No Street name Main Street
City String 30 No City name Colombo
Post_Code String 10 No Postal code 10100
Job_Category String 15 Yes Job category Doctor
Relation: PHONE_NO
Attribute Name
Data Type
FL Key Req. Description Sample
Emp_No String 10 FK Yes Employee Number (PK in Relation: Employee)
ABC12345
Phone_No String 12 Yes Telephone number 0777123456
Type String 10 Yes Type of telephone number mobile
Relation: DOCTOR
Attribute Name
Data Type
FL Key Req. Description Sample
Emp_No String 10 PK Yes Employee Number ABC12345Designation String 25 Yes Designation General Surgeon
Relation: DOCTOR_QUALIFICATION
Attribute Name
Data Type
FL Key Req. Description Sample
Emp_No String 10 FK Yes Employee Number(PK in Relation: Doctor)
ABC12345
Qualification String 25 Yes Professional qualifications MS