Days 3 & 4 HEREDITY Observe the pictures that follow: JOHN and SEAN .

Days 3 & 4 HEREDITY

Observe the pictures that follow:

JOHN and SEAN

http://www.foxnews.com/images/256459/0_64_lennon_john06.jpg

Observe…

PAUL and JAMES

http://images.huffingtonpost.com/gen/3068/thumbs/s-JAMES-MCCARTNEY-large.jpg

MARTIN and Emilio

http://www.davidstuff.com/opinion/dem-sheen.jpg

Observe…

GABBY and KC

http://shannen143.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/012410-gabbykc.jpg

Observe…

RESEMBLING OUR PARENTS

Heredity - passing on of traits from one

generation to the next.

• It is the reason why offspring look like their

parents. • It also explains why cats always give birth

to kittens and never puppies. • It occurs among all living things.• Genetics – study of heredity• Geneticist – scientist who study heredity _

• We inherit from our parents some physical features that are easily visible.

• Some characteristics UNIQUE to us:

- fingerprints

- voice

- patterns in the iris of our eyes

* These characteristics can be used to

identify people.

RESEMBLING OUR PARENTS

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

IN HUMAN BEINGS:Detached &

Attached earlobes

Tongue Rolling ability

Dimples

Freckles

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

Curly / Straight hair

Hairline

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

Other inherited characteristics:- hair texture - eye color - skin color - height

Other characteristic not easily seen:- blood type- genetic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, food allergies

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

IN ANIMALS:• skin color and fur

type• behavioral

characteristic such as instinct (feeding, nest building and mating)

http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/19/images/2007011902830201.jpg

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

IN PLANTS:• color of fruits and flowers• shape of fruits and flowers• size of fruits and flowers • taste of the fruits• presence of seeds in the

flowers• behavioral characteristic such

as plant growth in the presence of light

INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

NON-INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS

• also called acquired traits• developed as a result of interaction with the

environment• developed to be able to adapt to the

environment• Examples are: - politeness - certain likes and dislikes - changes in skin color (tanned skin) - changes in height (exercise and body supplement)

FROM PARENTS TO YOUNG

• Genetic information of both parents is passed on to the young during sexual reproduction.

• It carries the characteristics that we inherit from our parents.

• This results to offspring that resembles both parents but

is not identical to either parent.

Chromosomes

- contain the genetic information of a person

- thread-like protein structures found in the nucleus of every cell in the body

FROM PARENTS TO YOUNG

Each body cell

• Contains 23 corresponding pairs of chromosomes, with exception of sex cells

Sex cells (sperm and egg)

• Contain 23 chromosomes each

• During fertilization, each of the 23 chromosomes in the egg and sperm joins its corresponding chromosome to form 23 pairs. Hence, the genetic information of both parents are mixed.

FROM PARENTS TO YOUNG

FROM PARENTS TO YOUNG

FAMILY TREE

• shows the links between parents, offspring, siblings and spouses in a family

• shows only the members of the same family

Family tree . . .

http://www.chula-parkinsons.org/image/genogram.gif

Creating a family tree

• male is noted by a square and female by a circle. A family is shown by a horizontal line connecting the two.

Family tree . . .

• Children are placed below the family line from the oldest to the youngest, left to right.

• Deaths are represented with an "X" or a slash through the symbol itself.

• Represent offspring from marriage relationships with a vertical line, descending from the marriage line and arcing out to all the children.

• Twins can be represented with an inverted "V," descending from the offspring line.

Family tree . . .

Uses of family trees

• to know the number of members in the family

• to know the number of individuals of each gender

• to know the relationships between members _

Family tree . . .

HW: Bring the following next meeting: - 1 short bond paper - coloring materials (crayons, colored pencils or pens) - pencil - rulerEnd

Sources:

http://www.cccoe.net/genetics/heredity.htmlhttp://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/traits/http://www.genopro.com/genogram/rules/http://www.ehow.com/how_4474634_make-family-tree-diagram.html