Day 1_Session3_TRIPS_WASDS_ICRISAT

ICRISAT investments into the Dryland Systems CRP in West Africa (2012-14)

Main activities, thrusts through the planning for implementation phase

Traorevan MourikFalconnierWeltzien

AjeigbeFatondjiGandah

Hash

Martinez-M.Sissoko

OllenburgerSavadogo

& al.

Dryland Systems staffing atICRISAT• trans-disciplinary, system-oriented nature of DSCRP justifies

involvement of several scientists from the region• regional ICRISAT/DSCRP team composed of 9 (+1) scientists:

– WBS action transect: G. Falconnier, T. van Mourik, P.C.S. Traore (transect and overall coordinator), E. Weltzien, M. Ollenburger

– KKM action transect: H.A. Ajeigbe (transect coordinator), D. Fatondji, M. Gandah, C.T. Hash, P. Savadogo

• 1 joint ICRAF-ICRISAT agro-forestry position filled in June 2013• 1 joint ICRISAT-ILRI crop-livestock position to be filled shortly (est.

Sep. 2013)• 1 joint IER-ICRISAT GIS/RS position to be filled shortly (est. Sep.

2013)• Recruitment of support staff initiated in May 2012

Dryland Systems inception, PFI phases@ ICRISAT (2012-13) – context2012• Need to execute a ~150K budget rapidly, 100% expended at Dec. 31• Pulled out a set of mostly technical ‘activities’, not conceptually very well

articulated• Investment emphasis put on technical training of partners, procurement of

equipment, pre-financing of associated projects (Africa RISING)2013• Operational budget increased to 500K (but not officially deployed before DS

approval in late April), 25% expended as of May 31• 15 ‘activities’ now better embedded in the Dryland Systems set of (10) activities –

but some rushed or delayed due to DS approval delays• Work on improving cross-center coordination at the action transect level (e.g.

through action transect scientific coordinators)2014• expected reconduction of 2013 operational budget

2013: 15 ICRISAT ‘activities’ contributingto Dryland Systems

organize STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

develop a PARTICIPATORY EVALUATION FRAMEWORK conduct FULL BIOMASS

ASSESSMENTS

test INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT options

map RESOURCE FLOWS

produce GENDER-SMART MEDIA TOOLS

build FARM TYPOLOGIES

deploy TRAINING TOOLS & CURRICULA

test DUAL-PURPOSE (INTER)-CROPS

model ENTRY POINTS, SCENARIOS AND TRADEOFFS

establish R4D / INNOVATION PLATFORMS systematize YIELD

VARIABILITY MAPPING

target DEVELOPMENT DOMAINS & SITES

administer BASELINE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

test WATER HARVESTING SOLUTIONS

100K

100K

100K

100K100K

Proposed conceptualschematic• 2 = landscape

typologies• 3 = farm

typologies• 4 = typologies of

resource use efficiency

• 1 = field typologies

Land Use & Management

Biomass Stocks &

Flows

HouseholdCharacteristics

2

134

Full BiomassAssessment

Land UseProspection

HouseholdSurveys

Spati

al

expl

icite

ness

more

less

Very High Resolution Imagery

(10 x 10 km)

N Figure 2a. Land use prospection and biomass assessment approach: landscape scale

S

EW

Community Limits(to be determined with very high resolution imagery and through interactions during initial community meetings)

Center Village

Equidistant, 30-m radius sampling sites

Separation distance function of transect range to community boundary

Figure 2b. Land use prospection and biomass assessment approach: sampling site level

30-m

Trees in farmer fields (all trees within the 30-mradius from the sampling site center location will be characterized for basic metrics: DBH, height, crown size, etc.)

Towards community

limits

Towards main village centerplace

Annuals + Soils samplinglocations (randomly chosen within selected fields)

Beyond tree litterfallArea (5 per field) - mayfall beyond the 30-meterradius limitWithin tree litterfallArea (1 per field) - needsto fall within the 30-meterradius limit

Concept presentation, USAID-Mali, 06/03/2011

ICRISAT inception phase short notes (2012) – research methods testing• CGIAR & partners = variable legacy of systems research,

requiring critical stock taking from available project literature and experiences

• successful deployment of a complex research program in on-farm locations with variable degrees of R4D exposure will require careful assembling of baseline data and operation M&E systems

• biomass throughput and productivity a key entry point in integrated crop-tree-livestock smallholder systems, we organized DSCRP research methods around three main nexii:

ICRISAT inception phase short notes (2012) – research methods testing (1)• Improving our understanding of

– (1) the pathways of induced and endogenous intensification and– (2) the adoptability of different intensification options in West African

drylands smallholder farming• desk-based study contracted to Wageningen U.R. (Ken Giller’s

research group)• Purpose:

– provide analytical framework for assessing the adoptability of intensification options (entry points + technologies + pathways), based on a standardized set of indicators

– apply it to a contrasted sample of available options for selected DSCRP sites in WAS&DS

• draft final report received from WUR, to be disseminated shortly as a Dryland Systems publication (est. release Oct. 2013)

ICRISAT inception phase short notes (2012) – research methods testing (2)• Design, testing of biophysical sampling and monitoring methods organized in a

full biomass assessment protocol• DSCRP Protocols Meeting organized at ICRISAT-Niamey, Niger Sept. 17-20, 2012

involving ~ 30 resource persons (ICRISAT: 10, DSCRP iIRT: 10, national partners: 10• During and after that meeting, a full biomass assessment protocol was produced

that includes rapid rural appraisal, land use prospection, agronomic and biomass management data collection, and destructive annuals and non-destructive perennials sampling procedures

• protocol testing contracted to SARI, Ghana and AMEDD, Mali for the proposed sites of Dimabi, Ghana and Sukumba, Mali. These two sites belong to the WBS transect and were chosen due to logistical constraints linked with the collection of annuals samples before harvest

• annuals biomass component has been completed at both sites and a MS-ACCESS database was developed for data entry (currently ongoing). Perennials component is forthcoming (March 2013) with partners already trained

ICRISAT inception phase short notes (2012) – research methods testing (3)• Development of DSCRP custom household survey

instruments for baselines and monitoring• comparative study of 6 reference household survey

instruments was carried out by ICRISAT (M. Sissoko, A. Butler)

• Particular attention given to linking of the biomass assessment data (collected at a field scale throughout target landscapes) with household level data (collected at the community level)– In that way farm endowment can be directly linked to

agronomic / field management practices leading to the development of field typologies in addition to farm typologies.

ICRISAT inception phase short notes (2012) – capacity building (rationale)• DSCRP will operate in a research environment

simultaneously defined by a general lack of historical, long-term data but also by the new availability of cheap, efficient digital data acquisition systems

• DSCRP research will also be characterized by trans-disciplinarity, will involve systems modeling and space-time intensive coverage

• Capacity to capitalize on these opportunities is usually in short supply in the region, and will remain challenged by the region’s lack of international attractiveness due to perceived or proven security threats

ICRISAT bilateral projects mapped to Dryland Systems (May 2013)

Donor Project Title Scientist Staffing Operations Total Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa

(AGRA)

Backstopping and Coordinating the Fertilizer Microdosing and Inventory Credit System Project

in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger

MG 11,859 197,799 209,658

Netherlands Govt. Associate Experts Programme -Ms. Vera Lugutuah EWR 2,852 399 3,251

Denmark Domestication of Jatropha Curcus for oil produ DF 9,000 32,254 41,254 INRAN-CORAF/

WECARD(Funded by AusAID)

An Integrated Cereal-livestock-tree system for Sustainable Land Use and Improved Livelihoods of Smallholder Farmers in the Sahel (CerLiveTreeS)

DF 39,500 109,011 148,511

Netherlands Govt. Associate Experts Programme - Mr. Balova Nebie. EWR 22,360 3,130 25,490

Netherlands Govt. Associate Experts Programme - Mr. Gatien Falconnier

TVM 21,621 3,027 24,648

Solar Electric Light Fund(SELF), USA

Scaling the Solar Market Garden: Solar-Powered Drip Irrigation Enhances Food Security in Benin,

West Africa

RMM 18,000 75,288 93,288

Netherlands Govt. Associate Experts Programme -Mr. Mensah E Romeo

JN 20,709 2,899 23,609

Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa

(AGRA)

Capacity Building for Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratories for the Improvement of soil Health in

West Africa

MG - 129,986 129,986

Total 145,901 553,795 699,695

NB: + Africa RISING (USAID)

Dryland Systems leveraging thrusts at ICRISAT• New data systems for rapid appraisal, monitoring & evaluation

– Mainstreaming VHR imagery (BMGF, Cosmogia)– Upcoming training (Hyderabad, TE: Nov/Dec 2013)– $ leveraged: 50K, targeted: 400K

• New participatory approaches at scale– District-level scenario planning (upcoming workshops: Orodara, BF:

Dec 2013; Kofa, NG: Jan 2014)– Co-production of farm/climate services (IDRC/DFID CARIAA, USAID)– $ leveraged: 200K (AWS -> raingauges), targeted: 400K

• Improved trans-disciplinarity and CRP cross-fertilization– E.g. CCAFS on downscaling the development scenarios– E.g. AgMIP on standard methods for trade-offs analyses