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, . 39, 153-174 : 94 (497.11)
original work
, Davor Lazarevic, Pirot
CONSEQUENCES OF THE GREAT WAR
AND PIROT AREA
: , , , . , , . , . a, . Abstract: This study presents and
interprets some of the consequences of the Great War seen from both
collective and personal point of view and deals with the collapse
of patriarchate society, material and human resources loss,
political, economy and culture happenings which originated from the
war clashes. The story presents events which happened both on the
global and local level in Pirot area in the
[email protected]
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154
attempt to find more realistic examples of important processes
that happened under the influence of the War. On the basis of
literature, war newspapers and memoire reminiscences, the text
gives the picture of the consequences of war from the point of view
of the inhabitants of Pirot area. Since there has not been any
history research made so far related to this topic, this study can
be considered a contribution to the history of Pirot area in the
period during and immediately after the Great War. : , , , , , ey
words: Great War, collapse of patriarchate society, political,
economy, cultural consequences, Pirot
, , . 1914. . , , . , , . , , , . , , . , , , , , (Strachan,
2010).
. , ,
-
155
, , , , , . , . . , , (Drake & Kelly, 2009). , , . , . , , .
, .
. , . , (Hallifax, 2010). . , . .
, , .
-
156
. - . . , , . , . , , . , , . , , ( , 2004, . 175). .
, , , . . . , .
. - , . , ( . , . 189, 13. 1914, . 2).
-
157
, . , , ( , , . 163, 14. 1914, . 1). . 1915. , , , , ( , , .
550, 16. 1915, . 1). , , .
1914. . . , . . , :
, ! ... , , ... ( , , . 3777, 25. 1914, . 1)
- .
-
158
, . , , , . :
, , . . , : ! , . . ( , 1965, . 72)
. , . , , . , : , , ( , 1982, . 1085). . , . , , , .
-
159
, , . . (Hirschfeld, 1930). . , , , . . , . (, 2009). , , .
, 1912. 1918. , . (, 2007, . 771). - 1910. ( 1000 937 ), 1000
1085 (, 1998). , , . . ,
-
160
. , . , . . . . , .
, . , , , . ( , , 1. 1918, . 52). . . , . , , . , , .
, , , . . , ,
-
161
(, 2011). , 35 42 , . , . 1921. 19%, , 1931, 29%, (, 2009). . ,
1921. 53. 688, 1931. 61. 257, 1948. 70.049 (, 1989). 27 16. 361, 30
. . , .
, , , . . . , :
, , , , , (, 1973, . 16).
.
-
162
, , . (, 2008, . 17). , , . , , . .
,
, , , 6. 000 . 1. 247. 435 , 28% . , , . , 12,57 , (, 1998). . ,
, (, 1918). .
-
163
, 1912. 1918. (, 1989, . 79). 90% , . , . 1912. 1918. 7. 610 (,
1982). 13 15%, 1910. , ( . 1). , . 600 (, 1996, . 112). 2. 300 (,
1919, . 18). .
, 1915. , . . 1915. . , , , , , , , ( , , . 215, 1915, . 2).
-
164 1
1912-1918. (, 2010. , 1924)
Table 1 Comparative data on the perishing of male inhabitants in
Pirot area during the wars from 1912. to 1918. (Popovic, 2010. and
Zdravkovic, 1924.)
1910. 1910.
1912. 1918. .
5288 2121 389 422 117 60 258 65 30 309 80 28 199 50 24 557 150
63 608 140 69 73 19 13 249 61 30 104 20 17 381 80 35 367 90 41 346
85 33 315 82 30 477 110 55 354 70 45 517 127 76 635 162 73 183 46
14 321 83 30 531 126 33 1142 320 105 293 88 41 515 145 70 446 120
54 665 168 84 546 142 63 677 220 76 603 177 63 482 110 65 274 68
53
852 478
342 170
70 58
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165
1915. , , , . , . , , , 60 , (, 1982, 1085). , 1918. . , . , ( ,
1918, , ).
1915. , , . , . . 1915. , 21 . , , . :
. . , , ... . (, 1924, . 29).
, ,
-
166
. , , , . , , . , , . (, . 1918. , , . 3, . 2-3). , , , , ( , ,
. 176, 3. 1916, . 1).
:
: ? , : . . , (, 1975, . 148).
. , . , . . . , , ,
-
167
, (, 1985, . 63). , , , . , 1915. , , :
, , , . . , , ... ( 1915. , . 1918. . Sturzenegger, C., 1918.
Serbien an Jahresende 1915, Zurich.)
. , , (, 1982, . 108). , , . , (, 2008). 1916. . , . , . , , ,
1916. ( , , . 260, 28. 1916, . 3). . ,
-
168
1914. , . :
, , . , , ... . , . , . (, 1998, . 82) ,
, . . , . , . 1903. 1914. (, 1988). , 1905. . 1914. 520 , 319 ,
241 , 110 (, 1975). .
, , 1920. , . ,
-
169
14. 700 , :
- 3. 202 - 4. 894 - 5. 670 , 1. 524 ,
: - 363 - 231 - 917 (
, 1920. )
. . , . , , 1920. :
- 166 - 95 - 572 (, 1985, . 66)
. , , . 15 , 0,40 2 , . . , - , , , (, 1973, . 18). . , ,
-
170
, . . .
. , , .
, , , , , , , . . . ( : , , , , .) , : , , , , , , (, 1972). ,
,
-
171
, . : , , , , , , . , , , , . .
, , . , . , , . . , . , 14 , , , , , ( , 1959). , , . , (,
1996). , . , , , , , .
. .
-
172
1922/23. 535 (, 1984). , . , , , , . , . . , , , .
, , . 1921. 80,5% , 1930. 82,2, 1948. 83%. , . , , , , (, 1936,
. 5). .
, , . 1918. , , . . , .
-
173
, . , .
, . (1975). 1903-1914. , 7, 165-190. , ., , . (2004). V, , . , .
(2009). . , 27, 233-258. , . (1989). . , 16, 9-22. Drake, D.,
Kelly, D. (2009). Editorial intellectuals an war. Journal of war
and culture studies, 2, 5-17. DOI: 10.1386/jwcs.2.1.5/2 Hallifax,
S. (2010). Over by Christmas: British popular opinion and the short
war in 1914. First World War Studies, 1(2),103-121, DOI:
10.1080/19475020.2010.517429 Hirschefeld, M. (1930).
Sittengeschichte des Weltkriges, Berlin, Schneider. , . (2009). 20.
. , 36 (1), 99-122. , . (1973). , ..., , . , ., , . (1959), , , . ,
. (1989). 1912-1918, , . , . (1998). 1912-1918, , . , . (2011). ; ,
, . , . (1998). 1918-1929. Srbija u modernizacijskim procesima 19.
i 20. veka. 2, Poloaj ene kao merilo modernizacije : nauni skup (.
218-226). , . , . (.) (1982). : 1801-1918: . . 3, , . , . (1982). ,
, .
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174
, . (1998). . , 58, 208-218. , . (1984). . , 11-12, 133-178. , .
(1996). . , 22, 215-234. , . (2008). , , . , . (1996). , , . , .
(1985). , , . , . (2010). 1879. 1914. , , . , . (1918). -- , , . ,
. (1965). 1915, , . , . (.) (2007). 20. , , . , . (1936). , , .
Strachan, H. (2010). The First World War as a global war. First
World War Studies, 1(1), 3-14. DOI: 10.1080/19475021003621036 , .
(1973). , , . , .. (1919). 1915-1918, , --. , . (1988). 1878-1914,
, . , . (1975). (1915-1918). . (.), : 1815-1975 : (. 147-151). , ;
. , . (1924). , , . , . (1972). . , 4, 185-195. / Received on
28.06.2014. / Revised on 11.07.2014. / Accepted on 09.09.2014