Date: 10/17/14 Activity: Arab Israeli Conflict

Date: 10/17/14Activity: Arab Israeli

Conflict Warm Up: What is the cause

of the Arab-Israeli conflict that is still going on today?

===================Homework: *Suez Crisis Reading

and Notes due Monday 10/20

*Unit 2 Review Sheet due Tuesday 10/21

*Unit 2 Test Wednesday 10/22

Pg Assignment Date

38 Africa PowerPoint Notes 10/13

39Kashmir Problems and

Solutions10/14

40 Unit 2 Review Sheet 10/14

41 Arab- Israeli PPT Notes 10/16

42 Suez Crisis Reading 10/16

43 Suez Crisis Notes 10/16

UNIT SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

What is the cause of the Arab-Israeli conflict that is still going on today?

Both Arabs and Jewish people believe they have a right to the land of Palestine.

ROOTS OF THE ROOTS OF THE ARAB-ISRAELI ARAB-ISRAELI

CONFLICTCONFLICT1890s - 19491890s - 1949

ESSENTIAL QUESTION: ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

HOW DID BRITAIN’S ACTIONS IN PALESTINE AFTER 1918 LAY THE GROUNDWORK FOR THE ON-GOING CONFLICT BETWEEN THE JEWS AND THE ARABS IN THE MIDDLE EAST TODAY?

HOW DID BRITAIN’S ACTIONS IN PALESTINE AFTER 1918 LAY THE GROUNDWORK FOR THE ON-GOING CONFLICT BETWEEN THE JEWS AND THE ARABS IN THE MIDDLE EAST TODAY?

ZIONISMZIONISMTHE MOVEMENT FOR THE RETURN OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE TO PALESTINE AND THE RESUMPTION OF A JEWISH STATE IN THE LAND OF ISRAEL. THE TERM “ZIONISM” WAS COINED IN 1890.

THE MOVEMENT FOR THE RETURN OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE TO PALESTINE AND THE RESUMPTION OF A JEWISH STATE IN THE LAND OF ISRAEL. THE TERM “ZIONISM” WAS COINED IN 1890.

The Middle East in 1914

The Middle East in 1914

OIL DISCOVERED IN MIDDLE EAST!OIL DISCOVERED IN MIDDLE EAST!

BRITAIN SIGNED AN AGREEMENT WITH KUWAIT FOR EXCLUSIVE OIL RIGHTS PRIOR TO WW I.

AMERICAN OIL COMPANIES GAIN OIL RIGHTS IN BAHRAIN IN 1929.

IN 1933, AMERICAN OIL COMPANIES RECEIVE OIL RIGHTS IN SAUDI ARABIA.

ARAMCO (ARAB-AMERICAN OIL CO.) IS CREATED IN 1939.

BRITAIN SIGNED AN AGREEMENT WITH KUWAIT FOR EXCLUSIVE OIL RIGHTS PRIOR TO WW I.

AMERICAN OIL COMPANIES GAIN OIL RIGHTS IN BAHRAIN IN 1929.

IN 1933, AMERICAN OIL COMPANIES RECEIVE OIL RIGHTS IN SAUDI ARABIA.

ARAMCO (ARAB-AMERICAN OIL CO.) IS CREATED IN 1939.

HUSSEIN-MCMAHON LETTERS, 1915HUSSEIN-MCMAHON LETTERS, 1915

HUSSEIN IBN ALI,SHARIF OF

MECCA

HUSSEIN IBN ALI,SHARIF OF

MECCA

The documents declared that the Arabs would form an alliance with the United Kingdom and in return the UK will recognize the Arab

independence.

“....BRITAIN IS PREPARED TO RECOGNIZE THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE ARABS IN ALL REGIONS LYING WITHIN THE FRONTIERS PROPOSED BY THE SHARIF OF MECCA....”

SYKES-PICOT AGREEMENT, 1916

• A A SECRET AGREEMENT SECRET AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENTS OF BRITAIN AND FRANCEGOVERNMENTS OF BRITAIN AND FRANCE

• BASED UPON THE EXPECTED DOWNFALL BASED UPON THE EXPECTED DOWNFALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIREOF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

• IT IT DIVIDED THE ARAB PROVINCES OF THE DIVIDED THE ARAB PROVINCES OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE OTTOMAN EMPIRE (OUTSIDE THE ARABIAN (OUTSIDE THE ARABIAN PENINSULA) PENINSULA) INTO AREAS OF FUTURE INTO AREAS OF FUTURE BRITISH AND FRENCH CONTROL OR BRITISH AND FRENCH CONTROL OR INFLUENCE INFLUENCE

SYKES-PICOT AGREEMENT, 1916SYKES-PICOT AGREEMENT, 1916

BRITISH PROMISE TO THE JEWS: BALFOUR DECLARATION, 1917

BRITISH PROMISE TO THE JEWS: BALFOUR DECLARATION, 1917

SIR ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR

BR. FOREIGN SECRETARY

SIR ARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR

BR. FOREIGN SECRETARY

HIS MAJESTY’S GOVERNMENT VIEWS WITH FAVOR THE ESTABLISHMENT IN PALESTINE OF A NATIONAL HOME FOR THE JEWISH PEOPLE

What does this say about British foreign policy in the Middle East?

• They were sneaky and only had their own goals in mind.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS GIVES BRITAIN A MANDATE IN PALESTINE IN 1922:

A MANDATE IS TEMPORARY CONTROL GRANTED TO A NATION OVER AN AREA UNTIL IT IS CAPABLE OF SELF- GOV’T

LEAGUE OF NATIONS GIVES BRITAIN A MANDATE IN PALESTINE IN 1922:

A MANDATE IS TEMPORARY CONTROL GRANTED TO A NATION OVER AN AREA UNTIL IT IS CAPABLE OF SELF- GOV’T

BRITISH MANDATE

JEWS & ARABSJEWS & ARABS• FROM THE 1920s -FROM THE 1920s -

1940s, MANY JEWS 1940s, MANY JEWS CAME TO CAME TO PALESTINE PALESTINE SEEKING REFUGE SEEKING REFUGE FROM FROM ANTI-ANTI-SEMITISM SEMITISM & THE & THE HOLOCAUST.HOLOCAUST.

• PALESTINIAN PALESTINIAN ARABS ARABS RESENTED RESENTED THE JEWS THE JEWS AND AND RELATIONS RELATIONS BECAME BECAME INCREASINGLY INCREASINGLY HOSTILEHOSTILE..

JEWISH IMMIGRATIONJEWISH IMMIGRATIONJewish

1919 1,806

1920 8,223

1921 8,294

1922 8,685

1923 8,175

1924 13,892

1925 34,386

1926 13,855

1927 3,034

1928 2,178

1929 5,249

1930 4,944

Immigration

1931 4,075

1932 12,533

1933 37,337

1934 45,267

1935 66,472

1936 29,595

1937 10,629

1938 14,675

1939 31,195

1940 10,643

1941 4,592

WHY WOULD THE ARABS BE CONCERNEDABOUT THE ABOVE STATISTICS?They were increasing dramatically

ARAB CONCERNS ARAB CONCERNSGROWING JEWISH

EMIGRATION TO PALESTINE

THE TRANSFER OF LANDS TO JEWISH OWNERS

GROWING JEWISH EMIGRATION TO PALESTINE

THE TRANSFER OF LANDS TO JEWISH OWNERS

JEWS & ARABS IN PALESTINE, 1920 JEWS & ARABS IN PALESTINE, 1920 × IN 1920, THERE

WERE 10 ARABS FOR EVERY JEW IN PALESTINE.

× BY 1947, THE RATIO WAS 2 ARABS FOREVERY JEW.

× THE ARABS FELT THAT THEY WERE LOSING CONTROL OF THEIR LAND

× IN 1920, THERE WERE 10 ARABS FOR EVERY JEW IN PALESTINE.

× BY 1947, THE RATIO WAS 2 ARABS FOREVERY JEW.

× THE ARABS FELT THAT THEY WERE LOSING CONTROL OF THEIR LAND

JEWISH SETTLEMENTS: THE KIBBUTZ SYSTEM

JEWISH SETTLEMENTS: THE KIBBUTZ SYSTEM

COMMUNAL LIVING

BASED ON AGRICULTURE

“MAKE THE DESERT BLOOM!”

COMMUNAL LIVING

BASED ON AGRICULTURE

“MAKE THE DESERT BLOOM!”

BRITISH WHITE PAPER OF 1939 BRITISH WHITE PAPER OF 1939 LIMITED JEWISH

EMIGRATION TOPALESTINE

ENDED JEWISH LANDPURCHASES

INDEPENDENCE FORPALESTINE WITHIN 10 YEARS

“IT IS NOT BRITISH POLICY THAT PALESTINE BECOME AJEWISH STATE”

LIMITED JEWISH EMIGRATION TOPALESTINE

ENDED JEWISH LANDPURCHASES

INDEPENDENCE FORPALESTINE WITHIN 10 YEARS

“IT IS NOT BRITISH POLICY THAT PALESTINE BECOME AJEWISH STATE”

HOW DOES THE WHITE PAPER CONFLICTWITH EARLIER BRITISH STATEMENTS?

ILLEGAL JEWISH EMIGRATION TO PALESTINE CONTINUED ILLEGAL JEWISH EMIGRATION TO PALESTINE CONTINUED

JEWISH “FREEDOM FIGHTERS”(OR “TERRORISTS”?)

JEWISH “FREEDOM FIGHTERS”(OR “TERRORISTS”?)

ENTER THE U.N.ENTER THE U.N.

• UNABLE TO UNABLE TO STOP THE STOP THE VIOLENCE, VIOLENCE, BRITAIN BRITAIN TURNED THE TURNED THE PROBLEM OVER PROBLEM OVER TO THE U.N.TO THE U.N.

• IN 1947 IN 1947 THE U.N. THE U.N. PARTITIONED PARTITIONED PALESTINE PALESTINE INTO SEPARATE INTO SEPARATE JEWISH & ARAB JEWISH & ARAB STATES.STATES.

Date: 10/20/14Activity: Suez CrisisWarm Up: What was the

connection between the Suez Crisis and the Cold War?

===================Homework:

*Unit 2 Review Sheet due Tomorrow 10/21**ADD SOMALIA to Africa Map!

*Unit 2 Test Wednesday 10/22

Pg Assignment Date

38 Africa PowerPoint Notes 10/13

39Kashmir Problems and

Solutions10/14

40 Unit 2 Review Sheet 10/14

41 Arab- Israeli PPT Notes 10/16

42 Suez Crisis Reading 10/16

43 Suez Crisis Notes 10/16

UNIT SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS

VIDEO CLIP: PARTITIONVIDEO CLIP: PARTITION

The Arab-Israeli Conflict, part 1- Land Division (10 min 5 sec)

INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE

• THE PALESTINIAN JEWS ACCEPTED THE THE PALESTINIAN JEWS ACCEPTED THE U.N. DECISION & PROCLAIMED THE STATE U.N. DECISION & PROCLAIMED THE STATE OF ISRAEL ON OF ISRAEL ON MAY 14, 1948.MAY 14, 1948.

• THE PALESTINIAN ARABS & NEIGHBORING THE PALESTINIAN ARABS & NEIGHBORING ARAB COUNTRIES REJECTED THE PLAN. ARAB COUNTRIES REJECTED THE PLAN.

SEEKING TO SEEKING TO DESTROY THE DESTROY THE NEW JEWISH NEW JEWISH STATE, THE STATE, THE ARAB ARAB NATIONS NATIONS LAUNCHED A LAUNCHED A JOINT ATTACK JOINT ATTACK AGAINST AGAINST ISRAEL (THE ISRAEL (THE 1ST OF 4 SUCH 1ST OF 4 SUCH WARS).WARS).

WAR OF INDEPENDENCEWAR OF INDEPENDENCE BEGINS! MAY 15, 1948

VIDEO CLIP: 1948 WARVIDEO CLIP: 1948 WAR1948 war (8 min 22 sec)

PLIGHT OF THE PALESTINIANSPLIGHT OF THE PALESTINIANS• 75% OF THE ARAB 75% OF THE ARAB

POPULATION OF POPULATION OF ISRAEL FLED TO ISRAEL FLED TO NEIGHBORING NEIGHBORING COUNTRIESCOUNTRIES..

• THEY EXPECTED TO THEY EXPECTED TO RETURN AFTER THE RETURN AFTER THE WAR WAR BUT WERE BUT WERE UNABLE TO DO SO.UNABLE TO DO SO.

• THE PALESTINIANS THE PALESTINIANS SETTLED INTO SETTLED INTO REFUGEE CAMPS REFUGEE CAMPS WHERE THEY HAD WHERE THEY HAD LITTLE OPPORTUNITY LITTLE OPPORTUNITY TO LEAD NORMAL TO LEAD NORMAL LIVES.LIVES.

ARAB REFUGEES, 1948ARAB REFUGEES, 1948

ARMISTICE SIGNED, 1949ARMISTICE SIGNED, 1949

SUEZ CRISIS

• Egypt seized control of the Suez Canal from Britain and France.

• Egypt also blocked Israel’s use of the Straits of Tiran (their only way to the Red Sea)

• Israel, Britain and France made a plan together to attack Egypt

SUEZ CRISIS

• Soviet Union came to the defense of Egypt and from this point forward they gave their support and aid to Egypt and the other Arab nations against Israel.

• The US (President Eisenhower) did not support the actions of Israel, Britain and France. – They were more concerned with the Soviet war in

Hungary and the Cold War. – They pressured for a cease fire.