Data

AIMTo provide an in-depth knowledge in problem solving techniques and data structures.OBJECTIVES• To learn the systematic way of solving problems• To understand the different methods of organizing large amounts of data • To learn to program in C++ • To efficiently implement the different data structures • To efficiently implement solutions for specific problemsUNIT – I PRINCIPLES OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 9Introduction- Tokens-Expressions-contour Structures –Functions in C++, classes and objects, constructors and destructors ,operators overloading and type conversions .UNIT – II ADVANCED OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING 9Inheritance, Extending classes, Pointers, Virtual functions and polymorphism, File Handling Templates ,Exception handling, Manipulating strings.UNIT – III DATA STRUCTURES & ALGORITHMS 9Algorithm, Analysis, Lists, Stacks and queues, Priority queues-Binary Heap-Application, Heaps–hashing-hash tables without linked listsUNIT – IV NONLINEAR DATA STRUCTURES 9Trees-Binary trees, search tree ADT, AVL trees, Graph Algorithms-Topological sort, shortest path algorithm network flow problems-minimum spanning tree - Introduction to NP - completeness.UNIT – V SORTING AND SEARCHING 9Sorting – Insertion sort, Shell sort, Heap sort, Merge sort, Quick sort, Indirect Sorting, Bucket sort, Introduction to Algorithm Design Techniques –Greedy algorithm (Minimum Spanning Tree), Divide and Conquer (Merge Sort), Dynamic Programming (All pairs Shortest Path Problem).Total hours = 45TEXT BOOKS:1. Mark Allen Weiss, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C”, 3rded, Pearson Education Asia, 2007. 2. E. Balagurusamy, “ Object Oriented Programming with C++”, McGraw Hill Company 

Ltd., 2007. REFERENCES:1. Michael T. Goodrich, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++”, Wiley student edition, 2007.2. Sahni, “Data Structures Using C++”, The McGraw-Hill, 2006.3. Seymour, “Data Structures”, The McGraw-Hill, 2007.4. Jean – Paul Tremblay & Paul G.Sorenson, An Introduction to data structures with applications, Tata McGraw Hill edition, II Edition, 2002.5. John R.Hubbard, Schaum’s outline of theory and problem of data structure with C++, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2000.6. Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, Addison Wesley, 20007. Robert Lafore, Object oriented programming in C++, Galgotia Publication5

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147304 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I SYLLABUS ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI 2010 REGULATION147304 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I 3 1 0 4AIMThe aim of this course is to familiarize the student with the analysis and design of basic transistor Amplifier circuits and power supplies.OBJECTIVEOn completion of this course the student will understand • The methods of biasing transistors• Design of simple amplifier circuits• Midband analysis of amplifier circuits using small - signal equivalent circuits to determine gain input impedance and output impedance• Method of calculating cutoff frequencies and to determine bandwidth• Design of power amplifiers • Analysis and design of power supplies.UNIT I TRANSISTOR BIAS STABILITY 9BJT – Need for biasing – Stability factor - Fixed bias circuit, Load line and quiescent point. Variation of quiescent point due to FEh variation within manufacturers tolerance -Stability factors - Different types of biasing circuits - Method of stabilizing the Q point -Advantage of Self bias (voltage divider bias) over other types of biasing, Bias compensation – Diode, Thermister and Sensistor compensations, Biasing the FET and MOSFET.UNIT II MIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9CE, CB and CC amplifiers - Method of drawing small-signal equivalent circuit - Midband 

analysis of various types of single stage amplifiers to obtain gain, input impedance and output impedance - Miller’s theorem - Comparison of CB, CE and CC amplifiers and their uses - Methods of increasing input impedance using Darlington connection and bootstrapping - CS, CG and CD (FET) amplifiers - Multistage amplifiers.Basic emitter coupled differential amplifier circuit - Bisection theorem. Differential gain –CMRR - Use of constant current circuit to improve CMRR - Derivation of transfer characteristic.UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9General shape of frequency response of amplifiers - Definition of cutoff frequencies and bandwidth - Low frequency analysis of amplifiers to obtain lower cutoff frequency Hybrid  equivalent circuit of BJTs - High frequency analysis of BJT amplifiers to obtain–  upper cutoff frequency – Gain Bandwidth Product - High frequency equivalent circuit of FETs - High frequency analysis of FET amplifiers - Gain-bandwidth product of FETs -General expression for frequency response of multistage amplifiers - Calculation of overall upper and lower cutoff frequencies of multistage amplifiers - Amplifier rise time and sag and their relation to cutoff frequencies.9UNIT IV LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9Classification of amplifiers, Class A large signal amplifiers, second harmonic distortion, higher order harmonic distortion, transformer-coupled class A audio power amplifier –efficiency of Class A amplifiers. Class B amplifier – efficiency - push-pull amplifier - distortion in amplifiers - complementary-symmetry (Class B) push-pull amplifier, Class C, Class D amplifier – Class S amplifier – MOSFET power amplifier, Thermal stability and heat sink.UNIT V RECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9

Classification of power supplies, Rectifiers - Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers with resistive load. Analysis for Vdcand ripple voltage with C, L, LC and CLC filters. Voltage multipliers, Voltage regulators - Zener diode regulator, principles of obtaining a regulated power supply, regulator with current limiting, Over voltage protection, Switched mode power supply (SMPS), Power control using SCR.TUTORIAL = 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS1. Millman J and Halkias .C., Integrated Electronics, TMH, 2007.2. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh Kumar and A. Vallavaraj, Electronic Devices and Circuits, 2ndEdition, TMH, 2007.REFERENCES1. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9thEdition, Pearson Education / PHI, 2007.2. David A. Bell, Electronic Devices & Circuits, 4thEdiion, PHI, 20073. Floyd, Electronic Devices, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.4. I.J. Nagrath, Electronic Devices and Circuits, PHI, 2007.5. Anwar A. Khan and Kanchan K. Dey, A First Course on Electronics, PHI, 2006.6. B.P. Singh and Rekha Singh, Electronic Devices and Integrated Circuits, Pearson Education, 2006.7. Rashid M, Microelectronics Circuits, Thomson Learning, 2007.10

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK | ANNA UNIVERSITY ECE QUESTION BANK

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK | ANNA UNIVERSITY ECE QUESTION BANKEE QUESTION BANK

UNIT – IPART – A1. Define electric motor.2. Define electric generator.3. Define excitation.4. What are the methods of excitation?5. What do you mean by self excited machine?6. What do you mean by separately excited machine?7. State the function of commutator.8. What do you mean by commutation?9. What is the purpose of brushes?10. By which material yoke can be manufactured?11. Why the brushes are made upon carbon?12. What are the types of self excited generator?13. Define shunt generator.14. Define series generator.15. Define compound generator.16. Draw the open circuit characteristics of dc separately excited generator.17. What do you mean by magnetization curve?18. Draw the load characteristics of separately excited dc generator.19. Draw the characteristics for DC shunt generator.20. Draw the characteristics of DC series generator.

21. Draw the characteristics of DC compound generator.22. What is the principle of operation of dc generator?23. Write down faradey's law of electromagnetic induction.24. What is the principle of operation of DC motor?25. State lenz's law.26. How Lenz's law is helpful for the operation of DC motor?27. Write the significance of back e.m.f.28. Define back e.m.f.29. Write the e.m.f. equation of DC generator.30. Write down the voltage equation of DC motor.31. Write the torque equation of DC motor.32. Draw the characteristics of DC shunt motor.33. Draw the characteristics of DC series motor.34. Draw the characteristics of DC compound motor.35. Differentiate differentially compound and cumulatively compound motor.36. What are the applications of DC shunt motor?37. What are the applications of DC series motor?38. What are the applications of DC compound motor?39. Why shunt motor is called as constant speed machine?40. Why starter is needed in DC motor?41. What is the advantage of 4 point starter over 3 point starter?42. State the function of no volt coil.43. State the function of over load release.44. What is the advantage of conducting Swin-burne's test?45. Draw the diagram of ward-leanord system of speed control.46. By which method, we can control the speed of the motor below the base speed?47. By which method, the speed control of the DC motor be above the base speed?48. What are the various methods of speed control of DC motor?49. Differentiate armature voltage control method and field flux control method.50. What do you mean by brake test?PART – B51. Explain in detail the constructional details of DC machine.52. Derive the e.m.f. equation (8)53. Draw and explain the characteristics of DC generator.54. Derive the torque equation/55. Write down the significance of back e.m.f.56. Write down the principle of operation of DC motor.57. Draw and explain the characteristics of DC motor.58. Draw and explain 3 point starter.59. What is the draw back in 3 point starter and how it is

overcome in 4 point starter?60. Explains the procedure of swin burne's test.61. Draw and explain the speed control methods of DC shunt motor.62. Explain in detail about the ward-leonard system of speed control of DC motor.63. Problem.

UNIT – IIPART – A 1. State the principle of operation of transformer.2. What are the types of transformer according to its construction?3. Differentiate core type transformer and shell type transformer.4. Write down the e.m.f equation of transformer.5. Write down the transformation ratio.6. Define magneting current component.7. Define working current component.8. Draw the vector diagram of transformer an no load.9. How the resistance of the secondary be referred in the primary?10. Draw the approximate equivalent circuit of the transformer.11. Draw the vector diagram for the transformer under resistive load.12. Draw the vector diagram for the transformer under inductive load.13. Draw the vector diagram of the transformer under comparative load.14. When the transformer is said to be ideal?15. Define voltage regulation of transformer.16. Define voltage regulation up.17. Define voltage regulation down.18. By conducting no load test, which losses can be found out?19. Which losses can be found out by conducting short circuit test?20. What are the tests to be conducted on the transformer?PART - B1. Derive the e.m.f. equation of transformer.2. Explain in detail about the transformer on no load.3. Draw and explain ideal transformer. Draw its vector diagram.4. Obtain the equivalent circuit of the transformer by conducting suitable tests.

5. Draw and explain in detail about the transformer an load.6. Derive the regulation formula for the transformer.7. Explain in detail about the testing procedures for the transformer.8. Problem.

UNIT – IIIPART – A 1. Write the working principle of induction motor.2. How RMF is produced with the help of 3 phase supply?3. Define slip.4. Write the working principle of 3f induction motor.5. Why 3f induction motor is called as rotating transformer?6. Can the rotor speed of induction motor be synchronous speed?7. What are the types of induction motor?8. Write down the torque equation of 3f induction motor.9. Draw the slip-torque characteristics.10. Draw the speed-torque characteristics.11. State the relation between P2, Pc and Pm.12. Draw the Power flow diagram of 3 phase induction motor.13. Draw the equivalent circuit of 3 f induction motor.14. Why starter is necessary in AC induction motor? 15. What are the types of starters available to start 3 f induction motor?16. Why single phase induction motor is not self starting?17. How single phase induction motor is made to start?18. How the rotor is classified in 3f induction motor?19. How Rmf is produced in the stator of the induction motor20. What is Rmf?PART - B1. Explain the constructional details of 3 f induction motor.2. How Rmf is produced with the help of 3 f AC supply?3. Explain in detail the principle of operations of 3 phase induction motor.4. Explain the procedure to obtain the equivalent circuit of 3 phase induction motor.5. Derive the torque equation of 3 phase induction motor.6. Draw and explain the characteristics of 3 phase induction motor.7. Explain in detail about (i) Star-delta starter (ii) Auto transformer starter (iii) DOL starter.8. Write short notes on single phase transformer.9. Why single phase induction motor is not self starting? Explain the methods available to start the motor.

10. Write short notes on speed control of 3 f induction motor.

UNIT IVPART – A 1. What are the types of synchronous machines?2. What is the basic principle of operation 3f alternator?3. Why stationary armature is there in 3f alternator?4. Write down the e.m.f. equation of alternator.5. What are the types of 3 f alternator?6. Define voltage regulation of alternator?7. What are the methods to find out voltage regulation?8. Why synchronous impedance methods is called as pessimistic method?9. What are the methods to find out voltage regulation10. Why synchronous impedance method is called as pessimistic method?11. Define synchronous impedance.12. Why ampere-turns method is called as optimistic method?13. Draw the phasor diagram for voltage regulation in synchronous impedance method.14. How emf is induced in brushless alternator?15. What is the function of rotating diode assembly in brush can alternator?16. What do you mean by brushless excitation?17. How reluctance motor is running?18. What is the operating principle of hysteresis motor?19. What are the types of stepper motor?20. How do you find step angle in stepper motor?21. Give the application of stepper motor.PART - B22. Derive the emf equation of alternator.23. Write down the procedure of finding voltage regulation of alternator using synchronous impedance method.24. Write down the procedure for finding voltage regulation using ampere-turns method.25. Explain in detail the construction of synchronous machine.26. Write short notes on (i) Brushless alternator (ii) Reluctance motor (iii) Hysteresis motor (iv) Stepper motor.UNIT – VPART – A1. What are the various sources of electric power generating system?2. What is the purpose of step up transformer in electrical power system?3. What do you mean by carona loss?

4. What is meant by Ferranti effect?5. What are the advantages of AC transmission?6. What are the advantages of DC transmission?7. What are the types of distribution system?8. What is EHUAC?9. Define EHUDC.10. What is the purpose of circuit breakers.11. Define insulators.12. Why the transmission is done through under ground cable?13. What are the advantages of under ground cables?14. What are the types of under ground cables?15. What are types of insulators?16. What is pin insulator? Where it is used?17. What is stay insulator? Where it is used?18. What are the purposes of insulator?19. Define service mains.20. Define grid.21. Differentiate feeders and distributors.PART - B1. Explain in detail, the single line diagram of electrical power system.2. Explain in detail the various types of transmission and distribution systems.3. Distinguish EHUAC and EHUDC systems.4. Explain in detail the substation lay out.5. Write short notes as (i) Insulators (ii) cables.

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147303 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS SYLLABUS ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI 2010 REGULATION

147303 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 3 1 0 4AIMTo study and analyse characteristics of continuous, discrete signals and systems.OBJECTIVES• To study the properties and representation of discrete and continuous signals.• To study the sampling process and analysis of discrete systems using ztransforms.• To study the analysis and synthesis of discrete time systems.1. CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9Continuous time signals (CT signals), discrete time signals (DT signals) - Step, Ramp, Pulse, Impulse, Exponential, Classification of CT and DT signals - periodic and periodic, random singals, CT systems and DT systems, Basic properties of systems - Linear Time invariant Systems and properties. 2. ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS 9Fourier series analysis, Spectrum of C.T. singals, Fourier Transform and Laplace Transform in Signal Analysis. 3. LINEAR TIME INVARIANT –CONTINUOUS TIME SYSTEMS 9Differential equation, Block diagram representation, Impulse response, Convolution integral, frequency response , Fourier and Laplace transforms in analysis, State variable equations and matrix representation of systems4. ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS 9Sampling of CT signals and aliasing, DTFT and properties, Z-transform and properties of Z-transform. 5. LINEAR TIME INVARIANT - DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS 9Difference equations, Block diagram representation, Impulse response, Convolution sum, LTI systems analysis using DTFT and Z-transforms , State variable equations and matrixrepresentation of systems. Tutorial = 15 Total No of periods: 45 + 15 = 60TEXT BOOK:

1. Allan V.Oppenheim, S.Wilsky and S.H.Nawab, Signals and Systems, Pearson Education, 2007. 2. Edward W Kamen & Bonnie’s Heck, “Fundamentals of Signals and Systems”, Pearson Education, 2007.REFERENCES:1. H P Hsu, Rakesh Ranjan“ Signals and Systems”, Schaum’s Outlines, Tata McGraw Hill, Indian Reprint, 20072. S.Salivahanan, A. Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya, Digital Signal Processing, McGraw Hill International/TMH, 2007.3. Simon Haykins and Barry Van Veen, Signals and Systems John Wiley & sons , Inc, 2004.4. Robert A. Gabel and Richard A.Roberts, Signals & Linear Systems, John Wiley, III edition, 1987.5. Rodger E. Ziemer, William H. Tranter, D. Ronald Fannin. Signals & systems, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.8

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147302 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS SYLLABUS ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI 2010 REGULATION

147302 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 1 0 4AIMTo learn the basic methods for the design of digital circuits and provide the fundamental concepts used in the design of digital systems.OBJECTIVES• To introduce basic postulates of Boolean algebra and shows the correlation between Boolean expressions• To introduce the methods for simplifying Boolean expressions• To outline the formal procedures for the analysis and design of combinational circuits and sequential circuits• To introduce the concept of memories and programmable logic devices.• To illustrate the concept of synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits UNIT I MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND LOGIC GATES 9Minimization Techniques: Boolean postulates and laws – De-Morgan’s Theorem -Principle of Duality - Boolean expression - Minimization of Boolean expressions ––Minterm – Maxterm - Sum of Products (SOP) – Product of Sums (POS) – Karnaugh map Minimization – Don’t care conditions - Quine-McCluskey method of minimization.Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, Exclusive–OR and Exclusive–NORImplementations of Logic Functions using gates, NAND–NOR implementations – Multi level gate implementations- Multi output gate implementations. TTL and CMOS Logic and their characteristics – Tristate gates. UNIT II COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 9Design procedure – Half adder – Full Adder – Half subtractor – Full subtractor - Parallel binary adder, parallel binary Subtractor – Fast Adder - Carry Look Ahead adder – Serial Adder/Subtractor - BCD adder – Binary Multiplier – Binary Divider - Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer – decoder - encoder – parity checker – parity generators - code 

converters - Magnitude Comparator. UNIT III SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9Latches, Flip-flops - SR, JK, D, T, and Master-Slave – Characteristic table and equation –Application table – Edge triggering – Level Triggering – Realization of one flip flop using other flip flops – serial adder/subtractor- Asynchronous Ripple or serial counter –Asynchronous Up/Down counter - Synchronous counters – Synchronous Up/Down counters – Programmable counters – Design of Synchronous counters: state diagramState table –State minimization –State assignment - Excitation table and maps-Circuit implementation - Modulo–n counter, Registers – shift registers - Universal shift registers – Shift register counters – Ring counter – Shift counters - Sequence generators.6UNIT IV MEMORY DEVICES 9Classification of memories – ROM - ROM organization - PROM – EPROM – EEPROM –EAPROM, RAM – RAM organization – Write operation – Read operation – Memory cycle - Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – memory expansion – Static RAM CellBipolar RAM Cell – MOSFET RAM cell – Dynamic RAM cell –Programmable Logic Devices – Programmable Logic Array (PLA) - Programmable Array Logic (PAL) - Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) - Implementation of combinational logic circuits using ROM, PLA, PALUNIT V SYNCHRONOUS AND AYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9Synchronous Sequential Circuits: General Model – Classification – Design – Use of Algorithmic State Machine – Analysis of Synchronous Sequential CircuitsAsynchronous Sequential Circuits: Design of fundamental mode and pulse mode circuits – Incompletely specified State Machines – Problems in Asynchronous Circuits –Design of Hazard Free Switching circuits. Design of

Combinational and Sequential circuits using VERILOGTUTORIAL = 15 Hrs. TOTAL : 60 Hrs.TEXT BOOKS1. M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, 3rdEdition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2003 / Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.2. S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Digital Circuits and Design, 3rdEdition., Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2006REFERENCES1. John F.Wakerly, Digital Design, Fourth Edition, Pearson/PHI, 20062. John.M Yarbrough, Digital Logic Applications and Design, Thomson Learning, 2002.3. Charles H.Roth. Fundamentals of Logic Design, Thomson Learning, 2003.4. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 6thEdition, TMH, 2003.5. William H. Gothmann, Digital Electronics, 2ndEdition, PHI, 1982.6. Thomas L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 8thEdition, Pearson Education Inc, New Delhi, 20037. Donald D.Givone, Digital Principles and Design, TMH, 2003.7

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ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS 1 QUESTION BANK

ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS 1 QUESTION BANKMIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS

PART –A1. What do you understand by Operating point? (2)2. Why do we choose the Q point at the center of the load line? (2)3. Name the two techniques used in the stability of the q point .explain.? (2)4. Define stability factor &Give the expression for stability factor? (2)5. List out the different types of biasing. (2)6. What do you meant by thermal runway? (2)7. Why transistor is called as a current controlled device? (2)8. Define current amplification factor? (2)9. What are the requirements for biasing circuits? (2)10. When does a transistor act as a switch? (2)11. What is biasing? (2)12. What is an operating point? (2)13. What is d.c load line? (2)14. Explain about the various regions in a transistor? (2)15. Explain about the characteristics of a transistor? (2)16. Why the operating point is selected at the Centre of the active region? (2)17. What is an amplifier? (2)18. What is small signal amplifier? (2)19. What is a Darlington pair? (2)20. Define Common Mode Rejection Ratio. (2)21. What is meant by Differential Amplifier? (2)22. What do you mean by balanced and unbalanced output? (2)23. What are the methods of improving CMRR? (2)24. Give few applications of differential amplifier (2)25. What are the advantages of double tuned over single tuned? (2)26. List the four differential amplifier configurations (2)

PART –B1. Draw the circuit of a common source FET amplifier & explain

its operation? (16)2. Briefly explain the operation of a Darlington emitter follower and also derive anexpression for its performance measures? (16)3. What is a differential amplifier? Explain its working in common mode operation.Obtain its AC equivalent circuit & drive the expression for voltage gain? (16)4. Draw the circuit diagram of a differential amplifier. Explain the operation in differencemode and common mode? (16)5. What are the methods to improve the CMRR of differential amplifier? Detail any twoof them. (16)6. i) What is meant by bias stability? What factors affect BJT biasing? (8)ii)With the help of neat diagram explain the voltage divider biasing method for JFET(8)7. i) Explain with circuit diagram the boot strapped Darlington emitter follower. (8)ii) Draw the circuit diagram of self-bias circuit using CE configuration and explainhow it stabilizes operating point. (8)8. Draw the small signal hybrid model of CE amplifier and derive the expression for itsAI.AV,RI and RO. (16)UNIT IIFREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERSPART –A1. Draw a hybrid-π model for a BJT. (2)2. What is the relationship between bandwidth and rise time? (2)3. What are the high frequency effects? (2)4. If the rise time of a BJT is 35 nano seconds, what is the bandwidth that can beobtained using this BJT? (2)5. Explain the usefulness of the decibel unit. (2)6. Define the term bandwidth of an amplifier? (2)7. State various capacitances in the hybrid model? (2)8. Define the term bandwidth of an amplifier? (2)9. Why it is not possible to use the h- parameters at high frequencies? (2)10. What do you mean by the half power or 3 db frequencies? (2)PART –B

1. Derive the expression for the CE short circuit current gain of transistor at highfrequency (16)2. i)What is the effect of Cb’e on the input circuit of a BJT amplifier at Highfrequencies? (8)ii)Derive the equation for gm which gives the relation between gm, Ic andtemperature. (8)3. i) Draw the high frequency hybrid –π model for a transistor in the CEconfiguration and explain the significance of each component. (12)ii) Define alpha cut off frequency. (4)4. i) Define fα,fβ and fT and state the relation between fβ and fT (8)ii) Explain the significance of octaves and decades. (8)5. Define unity gain frequency. Obtain the necessary relation using transistorfrequency response. (16)6. Using hybrid π model for CE amplifier. Derive an expression for its short circuitcurrent gain. (16)7. Explain the operation of low frequency response CE amplifier. (16)UNIT IIIUNTUNED AMPLIFIERSPART A1. What is an effect of cascading? (2)2. What are all the factors affecting the bandwidth of the RCCoupled amplifier? (2)3. Explain bypass capacitor? (2)4. What is meant by coupling capacitor? (2)5. Why does amplifier gain reduce? (2)6. Explain the different regions in frequency response? (2)7. State the types of distortions in amplifier? (2)8. What is cross over distortion? How it can be eliminated? (2)9. Define noise? (2)10. Define step response? (2)PART –B1. Describe in detail about the different types of distortions occur in amplifier?(16)2. i) Explain the concept of frequency response of an amplifier? (8)ii) Classify the amplifiers? (8)3. With the neat sketch describe the principle of operation of

RC coupled amplifier?(16)4. Explain the operation of low frequency response CE amplifier and also discussthe effect of bypass capacitor? (16)5. Draw the equivalent circuit of cascaded CE stage and also derive an expressionfor its performance measures? (16)

UNIT IVFEEDBACK AMPLIFIER AND OSCILLATORSPART –A1. What is feed back and what are feed back amplifiers? (2)2. What is meant by positive and negative feedback? (2)3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative feed back? (2)4. Differentiate between voltage and current feedback in amplifiers? (2)5. Define sensitivity? (2)6. Define De-sensitivity? (2)7. What is the type of feedback used in an op- amp Schmitt trigger? (2)8. Give the expression for the frequency of oscillations in an op-amp sine waveoscillator? (2)9. What are the conditions for sustained oscillator or what is Backhouse criterion?(2)10. What is Oscillator circuit? (2)11. What are the classifications of Oscillators? (2)12. What are the types of feedback oscillators? (2)13. Define Piezo-electric effect? (2)14. Draw the equivalent circuit of crystal oscillator? (2)15. What is Miller crystal oscillator? Explain its operation? (2)16. State the frequency for RC phase shift oscillator? (2)17. Give the topology of current amplifier with current shunt feedback? (2)18. What are gain margin and phase margin? (2)19. What is the minimum value of hfe for the oscillations in transistorized RCPhase shift oscillator? (2)20. What is LC oscillator? (2)21. Draw the circuit of clapp oscillator? (2)22. How does an oscillator differ from an amplifier? (2)23. Name two low frequency oscillators? (2)24. Calculate the frequency of oscillation for the clapp

oscillator with c1=0.1μf,c2=1μf, c3=100pF and L=470μH (2)PART –B1. Discuss the differential voltage/current—series/shunt feedback connections withexpression for gain, input resistance and output resistance. (16)2. Draw and explain various feedback amplifier topologies? (16)3. i) explain the operation of Hartley oscillator. (10)ii) Find the value of inductor in the Colpitts oscillator if c1=0.2μf, c2=0.02μfAnd the frequency of the oscillator is 10 kHz. .Find the required gain forOscillator? (6)4. Discuss in detail the characteristics of negative feedback amplifier? (16)5. i) Give a short note on crystal oscillator? (8)ii) Determine the voltage gain, input and output amplifier with feedback forVoltage series feedback having A =-100, Ri=10kΩ, Ro=20 kΩ and β= -0.1 (8)6. With a neat circuit diagram explain the working of RC phase shift oscillator.Derive the expression for its frequency of oscillator? (16)7. With a neat circuit diagram explain the working of Wien bridge phase shiftoscillator. Derive the expression for its frequency of oscillator? (16)8. With the topologies compare the four types of negative feedback amplifier?(16)9. Draw and explain the Colpitts oscillator circuit and determine the frequency ofoscillator? (16)UNIT VLARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERSPART –A1. What is class AB operation? (2)2. Define conversion efficiency of a power amplifier. What is its value for class Cpower amplifier? (2)3. What is crossover distortion? How it can be eliminated? (2)4. What is meant by Harmonic distortion? (2)5. What is the drawback of class B amplifier? How is this minimized? (2)6. Define thermal resistance in the context of power amplifier.

(2)7. What are the types of class B amplifier? (2)8. Draw a quasi complimentary symmetry power amplifier? (2)9. What is the advantage of using the output transformer for a class A amplifier? (2)10. What is the disadvantage of transformer coupled class A amplifier? (2)PART –B1. i)Draw a neat circuit diagram of push-pull class-B amplifier. Explain its working.(8)ii) For the transformer – coupled class A power amplifier circuit derive the expressionfor its efficiency. (8)2. Prove that the maximum efficiency of class B amplifier is 78.5%. and that of Class Atype is 50%. (16)3. Draw the circuit of push pull class B power amplifier coupled using transformers andexplain the operation. Prove that all the even harmonics get eliminated. What is theassumption made for this? (16)4. i) Compare class A, class B and class C power amplifier in their performance andefficiency. (10)ii) Give the design procedure for heat sinks. (6)]5. What is the difference between a voltage amplifier and a power amplifier? (16)6. Discuss the advantage and disadvantage of a complementary symmetry class bamplifier? (16)7. With the help of neat diagram. Explain the characteristics of class A amplifier andalso derive an expression for its efficiency and figure of merit. (16)

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING QUESTION BANK | DSP QUESTION BANK

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING QUESTION BANK | DSP QUESTION BANK

TWO MARKS:1. Define about DFT and IDFT?2. Find the values of WNk ,When N=8, k=2 and also for k=3.3. Compare DIT radix-2 FFT and DIF radix -2 FFT.

4. Draw the radix-2 FFT–DIF butterfly diagram.5. Draw the radix-2 FFT–DIT butterfly diagram.6. What is the necessity of sectioned convolution in signal processing?7. Define Correlation of the sequence.8. State any two DFT properties.9. Why impulse invariant transformation is not a one-to-one mapping?PART - B1. a) Compute 4- point DFT of casual three sample sequence is given by,x(n) = 1/3, 0_n_2 = 0, else (10)b) State and prove shifting property of DFT. (6)2. Derive and draw the radix -2 DIT algorithms for FFT of 8 points. (16)3. Compute the DFT for the sequence {1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1}. Using radix -2 DIF FFT and radix -2 DIT- FFT algorithm. (16)4. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap add overlap save method. (16)5. In an LTI system the input x(n) = {1, 1, 1}and the impulse response h(n) = {-1, -}Determine the response of LTI system by radix -2 DIT FFT (16)6. Find the output y(n) of a filter whose impulse response is h(n) = {1, 1, 1} and input signal x(n) = {3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 2, 0, 1, 2, 1}. Using Overlap save method (16)

UNIT-II: DIGITAL FILTERS DESIGNTWO MARKS:1. Differentiate IIR filters and FIR filters.2. Write the characteristics features of Hanning window3. Define pre-warping effect? Why it is employed?4. Give any two properties of Butterworth filter.5. When a FIR filter is said to be a linear phase FIR filter6. Write the characteristics features of rectangular window.7. Write the expression for Kaiser window function..8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of FIR filters?9. Write the characteristics features of Hamming window10. Why mapping is needed in the design of digital filters?PART - B1 . With a neat sketch explain the design of IIR filter using impulse invariant transformation. (16)2. Apply impulse invariant transformation to H(S) = (S +1) (S + 2) with T =1sec and find H(Z). (16)3. For a given specifications of the desired low pass filter is

0.707 _ |H(_)| _1.0, 0 _ _ _ 0.2_|H(_)| _ 0.08, 0.4 _ _ _ _ _Design a Butterworth filter using bilinear transformation. (16)4. Explain the procedural steps the design of low pass digital Butterworth filter and list its properties. (16)5. The normalized transfer function of an analog filter is given by,1Ha(Sn)= Sn2 + 1.414Sn +1 with a cutoff frequency of 0.4 _, using bilinear transformation. (16).6. List the three well known methods of design technique for IIR filters and explain any one. (16)7. Design a low pass filter using rectangular window by taking 9 samples of w(n)and with a cutoff frequency of 1.2 radians/sec.Using frequency sampling method, design a band pass FIR filter with the following specification. Sampling frequency Fs =8000 Hz, Cutoff frequency fc1 =1000Hz, fc2 =3000Hz.Determine the filter coefficients for N =7. (16)8. Design an ideal high pass filter with Hd(ej _) = 1 ; _/4 _ | _| _ _= 0 ; | _| _ _/4 Using Hamming window with N =11 (16)9. Determine the coefficients of a linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has a symmetric unit sample response and a frequency response that satisfies the conditions H (2 _k /15) = 1; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3 = 0.4 ; for k = 4= 0; for k = 5, 6, 7 (16)10. Design and implement linear phase FIR filter of length N =15 which has following unit sample sequence H(k) = 1 ; for k = 0, 1, 2, 3= 0 ; for k =4, 5, 6, 7 (16)11. Convert the analog filter in to a digital filter whose system function isS + 0.2 H(s) = (S + 0.2)2 + 9.Use Impulse Invariant Transformation .Assume T=1sec (16)12. The Analog Transfer function H(s)= ----------------.Determine H(Z) .Using Impulse (S+1) (S+2) Invariant Transformation .Assume T=1sec . (8)13. Apply Bilinear Transformation to H(s)= ------------- with T=0.1 sec. (8)(S+2)(S+3)

UNIT-III: EFFECTS OF FINITE WORD LENGTHTWO MARKS:1. What are the effects of finite word length in digital filters?2. List the errors which arise due to quantization process.3. Discuss the truncation error in quantization process.

4. Write expression for variance of round-off quantization noise.5. What is sampling?6. Define limit cycle Oscillations, and list out the types.7. When zero limit cycle oscillation and Over flow limit cycle oscillation has occur?8. Why? Scaling is important in Finite word length effect.9. What are the differences between Fixed and Binary floating point number representation?10. What is the error range for Truncation and round-off process?PART - B1. The output of an A/D is fed through a digital system whose system function isH(Z)=(1-_)z /(z-_), 0<_<1.Find the output noise power of the digital system. (8) 2. The output of an A/D is fed through a digital system whose system function is H(Z)=0.6z/z-0.6. Find the output noise power of the digital system=8 bits (8) 3. Discuss in detail about quantization effect in ADC of signals. Derive the expression for Pe(n) and SNR. (16) 4 a. Write short notes on limit cycle oscillation (8) b. Explain in detail about signal scaling (8) 5. A digital system is characterized by the difference equation Y(n)=0.95y(n-1)+x(n).determine the dead band of the system when x(n)=0 and y(-1)=13. (16) 6. Two first order filters are connected in cascaded whose system functions of theIndividual sections are H1(z)=1/(1-0.8z-¹ ) and H2(z)=1/(1-0.9z¹ ).Determine the Over all output noise power. (16) UNIT-IV: POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION TWO MARKS 1. What is the need for spectral estimation? 2. How can the energy density spectrum be determined? 3. What is autocorrelation function? 4. What is the relationship between autocorrelation and spectral density? 5. Give the estimate of autocorrelation function and power density for random signals? 6. Obtain the expression for mean and variance for the autocorrelation function of random signals. 7. Define period gram. PART - B 1. Explain how DFT and FFT are useful in power spectral estimation. (10) 2. Explain Power spectrum estimation using the Bartlett window. (8) 3. Obtain the mean and variance of the averaging modified period gram estimate. (16) 4. How is the Blackman and Turkey method used in smoothing the Periodogram? (10) 5. Derive the mean and variance of the power spectral estimate of the Blackman and Turkey method. (10) 6. What are the limitations of non-parametric methods in spectral estimation? (8) 7. How the parametric methods overcome the limitations of the non-parametric methods? (10) UNIT-V: DIGITAL SIGNAL

PROCESSORS TWO MARKS: 1. What are the factors that influence the selection of DSPs. 2 .What are the advantages and disadvantages of VLIW architecture? 3. What is pipelining? and What are the stages of pipelining? 4. What are the different buses of TMS 320C5x processor and list their functions 5. List the various registers used with ARAU. 6. What are the shift instructions in TMS 320 C5x. 7. List the on-chip peripherals of C5x processor. PART - B 1. Explain in detail about the applications of PDSP (10) 2. Explain briefly: (i). Von Neumann architecture (5) (ii). Harvard architecture (5) (iii).VLIW architecture (6) 3. Explain in detail about (i). MAC unit (8 ) (ii). Pipelining (8) 4. Draw and explain the architecture of TMS 320C5x processor (16) 5. Explain in detail about the Addressing modes of TMS 320C50 (16)

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