Data, Hardware, Output, Network, Storage

Data, Hardware, Output, Network, Storage

Area of the computer that holds data on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing.

Two or more computers and other devices (printers and scanners) that are connected, for the purpose of sharing

data and programs.

The mechanical, magnetic, and electrical components making up a

computer system; anything on or in the computer that is touchable.

Refers to the way in which letters, numbers, and symbols represent

facts, objects, or ideas.

The processing results, seen on a monitor or printed on paper.

Flash Card 2 Type Drill 2

Output

Data

M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003

Computer Hardware & Performance

Computer TechnologyDay 2pg. 7-10

Computer Hardware

System Unit

The case that holds the power supply, central processing unit, storage devices, and all circuit boards. Key Word: Case

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Where the processing in a computer takes place, often called the brain of the computer.

• Key Word: Brain Housed on the motherboard (the main circuit

board of the computer)

Input Devices

Units that gather information and transform that information it into a series of electronic signals that a computer recognizes.Key Word: Gather information

Keyboard

The arrangement of letters, numbers, and special function keys that act as the primary input device for a computer.Key Word: Arrangement

Mouse

An input device that allows the user to manipulate objects on the screen by moving the device along a surface.Key Word: Device

Sound Card

An input device that is a circuit board giving the computer the ability to accept audio input, play sound files, and produce audio output.Key Word: Audio input

Modem

An input device that makes possible the transmission of data to or from other computers over telephone or cable lines.Key Word: Telephone or cable

Output Devices

Units that transform electronic signals into information that can be displayed or printed.Key Word: Displayed or printed

Monitor

Output device that forms an image by converting electrical signals from the computer into points of colored light on the screen.

• Key Word: Colored light Types of Monitors

• CRT – Cathode-Ray Tube• A vacuum tube in which a hot cathode emits a beam of

electrons that allow an image to be displayed.• Very heavy and fairly inexpensive.

• LCD – Liquid Crystal Display• A liquid-crystal film, sealed between glass plates that move

when electricity is applied.• More expensive and a better display of images.

Storage Devices Output devices that are used to keep

data when the power to the computer is off.Different forms

• Hard drive• Floppy or zip disks• CD-Burner• Jump Drives

Key Word: Keep data

Printer

Output device that produces text or graphical images on paper.

•Key Word: PaperLaser Printers

• A printer that uses a laser to produce an image on a rotating drum before transferring the image to paper.

• Generally known for fast printing and high resolution.

Ink-Jet Printers• A printer that sprays ink onto paper creating

text or images.• Generally known for photo quality printing.

Speakers

Output devices that receive signals from a sound card in order to hear sound effects.Key Word: Sound effects

M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High – Fall 2006

Computer Performance


Boot Process

Sequence of events that occurs between the time you turn on a computer and the time that it becomes ready to accept commands.

• Key Word: SequencePurposes

• Runs a diagnostic test to make sure everything is working.

• Loads the operating system, so basic operations can be completed.


Circuits The paths from one

component of a computer to another that data uses to travel.

• Key Word: Paths Circuits run between

• Memory and the central processing unit.

• Memory and the storage devices.


Silicon Chip

Silicon is melted sand and what circuits are embedded into to keep them together. Key Word: Sand


Megahertz (mHz)

A measurement used to describe the speed of the system clock.

• Key Word: System Clock A megahertz is equal to

one million cycles (or pulses) per second.

• 1.2 MHz means 1.2 MILLION cycles per second.

• 1.3 GHz means 1.3 BILLION cycles per second.


Pentium

A name given to the 5th generation of the Intel central processing unit.

• Key Word: 5th

Other names for the processor generations were called

• 80-88 / 286 / 386 / 486 / Celeron


RAM

RAM means “Random Access Memory”.

The ability of a computer to process information and save data to the location specified.

• Key Word: Ability RAM is very volatile.

• It cannot hold data when the power is off.

• Looses all data if the power goes out suddenly.


ROM

ROM means “Read only memory”.

When data can be read from a file, but a user cannot change or modify the data.

• Key Word: Cannot modify


Binary Numbers

An electronic or digital method for representing letters or numbers using two digits, 0 and 1.

• Key Word: Two Digits Bit

• Each 0 or 1• Key Word: Each

Byte• 8 bits

• Key Word: Eight


Memory Measurements

Bit Each 0 or 1

Byte 8 bits

Kilobyte Approximately 1,000 bytes Exactly 1,024 bytes

Megabyte Approximately 1 million bytes Exactly 1,048,576 bytes

Gigabyte Approximately 1 billion bytes Exactly 1,073,741,824 bytes

Terabyte Approximately 1 trillion bytes


Resource

“Audit My PC.com.” 2006. 4 Nov 2006 http://www.auditymypc.com/acronym/CD-ROM.asp.

"Dictionary.com." 2006. Lexico Publishing Group, LLC. 1 Nov 2006 <http://www.dictionary.com>.

“Look Smart.” June 1997. Look Smart, Ltd. 4 Nov. 2006 http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1365/is_n11/v27/ai_19470419.>

Parsons, June Jamrich, and Dan Oja. Computer Concepts. Boston: Course Technology - Thompson Learning, 2002.

“Webopedia.” 6 Nov 2006 <http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Software/2002/FiveGenerations.asp>.

Data, Hardware, Output, Network, Storage

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