Dasar-dasar Tenses Bahasa Inggris (edisi Revisi)

Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL

(sentence without verbs)VERBAL (sentences with verbs)

ACTIVE PASSIVE

usually everyday present

habitual activity

present status SIMPLE

PRESENT

* S-singular + IS + Adj/Adv* S-singular + ISN’T + Adj/Adv* IS + S + Adj/Adv ?* Question Word + IS + S ? Examples: Tom is smart He isn’t smart Is he smart?

Yes, he is / No, he isn’t

Where is she ? She is at home

* S-singular + V1-ES/S + O/C* S-singular + DOESN’T + V1 +

O/C* DOES + S + V1 + O/C ?* Question Word + DOES + V1? Examples : Lucy cleans the house everyday Lucy doesn’t clean the house

everyday Does Lucy clean the house

everyday?Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t

What does she clean everyday? The house

* S-singular + IS + V3* S-singular + ISN’T + V3 * IS + S + V3 ? Examples : The house is cleaned by Lucy

everyday The house isn’t cleaned by

Lucy everyday Is the house cleaned by Lucy

everyday ? Yes, it is / No, it isn’t

* S-plural + ARE + Adj/Adv* S-plural + AREN’T + Adj/Adv* ARE + S + Adj/Adv ?* Question Words + ARE +S ?Examples : We are students You aren’t student Are they students ?

Yes, they are/ No, they aren’t

Where are they ?They are at school

* S-plural + V1 + O/C* S-plural + DON’T + V1 + O/C* DO + S + V1 + O/C ?* Question Word + DO + V1?

Examples : They fix that car everyday They don’t fix that car everyday Do they fix that car everyday?

Yes, they do/ No, they don’t What do they fix everyday? That

car

* S-plural + ARE + V3* S-plural + AREN’T + V3* ARE + S + V3 ?

Examples : Those cars are fixed everyday Those cars aren’t fixed

everyday Are those cars fixed everyday?

Yes, they are / No, they aren’t

* QUESTION WORDS : WHO, WHERE, WHEN, WHY, HOW (5W + H)

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Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL


ACTIVE PASSIVE

last year two days

ago past

habitual activity

past status

SIMPLE PAST

* S-singular + WAS + Adj/Adv* S-singular + WASN’T +

Adj/Adv* WAS + S + Adj/Adv ?* Question Word + WAS + S ? Examples: Tom was here last night He wasn’t here last night Was he here last night?

Yes, he was / No, he wasn’t

* S-singular/plural + V2 + O/C* S-singular/plural + DIDN’T +

V1 + O/C* DID + S-singular/plural + V1

+ O/C ?* Question Words + DID + S + V1* Question Words + V2 + O? Examples of S-singular : Lucy bought this food yesterday Lucy didn’t bought this food

yesterday Did Lucy buy this food yesterday?

Yes, she did / No, she didn’t What did Lucy buy? This food Who bought this food? Lucy did

Examples of S-plural : They fixed that car yesterday They didn’t fix that car yesterday Did they fix that car yesterday?

Yes, they did/ No, they didn’t What did they fix ? That car Who fixed that car? They did

* S-singular + WAS + V3* S-singular + WASN’T + V3 * WAS + S + V3 ? Examples : This food was bought by

Lucy yesterday This food wasn’t bought by

Lucy yesterday Was this food bought by

Lucy yesterday ? Yes, it was / No, it wasn’t

* S-plural + WERE + Adj/Adv* S-plural + WEREN’T +

Adj/Adv* WERE + S + Adj/Adv ?* Question Words + WERE

+S ?

Examples : The children were sick They weren’t at home yesterday Were they at school ?

Yes, they were/ No, they weren’t

* S-plural + WERE + V3* S-plural + WEREN’T + V3* WERE + S + V3 ?

Examples : Those cars were sold last

week Those cars were sold last

week Were those cars sold last

week?Yes, they were / No, they weren’t

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Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL


ACTIVE PASSIVE

next month

tomorrow prediction future

status

SIMPLE FUTURE

* S-singular/plural + WILL BE + Adj/Adv

* S-singular/plural + WON’T BE + Adj/Adv

* WILL + S + Adj/Adv ?* Question Word + WILL+ S

+ BE ? Examples: Tom will be here tomorrow He won’t be here tomorrow Will he be here tomorrow?

Yes, he will / No, he won’t

Examples : The children will be happy They won’t be happy Will be they here next week?

Yes, they will/ No, they won’t

* S-singular/plural + WILL + V1 O/C

* S-singular/plural + WON’T + V1 + O/C

* WILL + S-singular/plural + V1 + O/C ?

* Question Words + WILL + S + V1* Question Words + V2 + O/C? Examples of S-singular : Lucy will go to Rome next year Lucy won’t go to Rome next year Will Lucy go to Rome next year?

Yes, she will / No, she won’t When will Lucy go to Rome? This year Who will go to Rome ? Lucy

Examples of S-plural : They will fix that car tomorrow They won’t fix that car tomorrow Will they fix that car tomorrow?

Yes, they will/ No, they won’t What will they fix tomorrow ? That car Who will fix that car? They will

* S-singular/plural + WILL BE + V3

* S-singular/plural + WON’T BE + V3

* WILL BE + S + V3 ? Examples : This car will be brought to

England tomorrow This car won’t be brought to

England tomorrow Will this car be brought

tomorrow Yes, it will / No, it won’t

Examples : Those cars will be sold next

week Those cars will be sold next

week Will those cars be sold next

week?Yes, they will/ No, they won’t

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Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL


ACTIVE PASSIVE

since for…

PRESENT PERFECT

* S-singular + HAS BEEN + Adj/Adv

Example : Sarah has been sick for ten

days That car hasn’t been available

in Indonesia Has he been in prison for

months ? Yes, he has/ No, he hasn’t

* S-plural + HAVE BEEN + Adj/Adv

Example : The children have been orphans

since tsunami The children haven’t been happy

since that time Have they been sad since that

moment? Yes, they have/ No, they haven’t

* S-singular + HAS + V3 Examples : Luqman has already bought a

new book He hasn’t finished it yet Has he covered that book?

Yes, he has/ No, he hasn’t Who has bought that book?

Luqman What has Sarah found?

A new gene locus

* S-plural + HAVE + V3

Examples : They have passed this road since

3 minutes ago They haven’t arrived at this place Have they taken the map?

Yes, they have/ No, they haven’t What have they done ? They have chosen another route

* S-singular + HAS BEEN + V3

Examples : The car has been fixed for 3

hours The car hasn’t been delivered

to our house. Has the car been paid?

Yes, it has/ No, it hasn’t

* S-plural + HAVE BEEN + V3

Examples : The tickets have been sold

out since last week The tickets haven’t been

brought here Have the tickets been brought

here? Yes, they have/ No, they haven’t

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Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL


ACTIVE PASSIVE

before + S. Past

S. Past + after

PAST PERFECT

* S-singular/plural + HAD BEEN + Adj/Adv

Example : Sarah had been sick before she

died Sarah hadn’t been sick when I

came back to this town Had she been sick for months ? Yes, she has/ No, she hadn’t

Example : The children had been orphans

before we took care of them The children hadn’t been

orphans before we took care of them

Had they been orphans before we came?

Yes, they had/ No, they hadn’t

* S-singular/plural + HAD + V3 Examples : Luqman had already bought a

new book He hadn’t finished it before we

went to his house Had he covered that book?

Yes, he had/ No, he hadn’t Who had bought that book?

Luqman What had Sarah found?

A new gene locus

Examples : They went after we had shown the

map They hadn’t arrived at this place

before I came Had they taken lunch before you

came?Yes, they had/ No, they haven’t

What had they done ? They had fixed theie car before

they came here

* S-singular/plural + HAD BEEN + V3

Examples : The car had been fixed before

you came here The car hadn’t been before you

came Had the car been paid before

we came?Yes, it had/ No, it hadn’t

Examples : We came after the tickets had

been sold out The tickets hadn’t been

brought here Had the tickets been brought

here? Yes, they had/ No, they hadn’t

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Adverb of time

TENSENON VERBAL


ACTIVE PASSIVE

FUTURE PERFECT

* S-singular/plural + WILL HAVE + BEEN + Adj/Adv

Example : Sarah will have been at the

airport by the time we arrive Sarah won’t have been the

airport by the time we arrive Will she have been at the

airport by the time we come? Yes, she will/ No, she won’t

Example : The children will have been at

the school by the time headmaster comes

The children won’t have been at the school by the time headmaster comes

Will they have been at the school by the time headmaster comes?

Yes, they will/ No, they won’t

* S-singular/plural + WILL HAVE + V3 Examples : Luqman will have finished this

work by the time you go out tonight

He won’t have finished this work by the time you go out tonight

Will he have finished this work by the time you go out tonight?Yes, he will/ No, he won’t

Examples : The farmers will have harvested

all corns by the end of this month They won’t have harvested all

corns by the end of this monthWill they have harvested all corns by the end of this month ?Yes, they had/ No, they haven’t

* S-singular/plural + WILL HAVE BEEN + V3

Examples : The car will have been fixed by

the time you go out tonight The car won’t have been fixed

by the time you go out tonight Will the car have been fixed by

the time you go out tonight?Yes, it had/ No, it hadn’t

Examples : All corns will have been

harvested by the end of this month

All corns won’t have been harvested by the end of this month

Will all corns have been harvested by the end of this month?

Yes, they had/ No, they hadn’t

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Adverb TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

* S-singular + IS + V-ing

Examples : Luqman is listening to the speech right now He isn’t listening to the speech right now Is he listening to the speech right now?

Yes, he is/ No, he isn’t

* S-plural + ARE + V-ing

Examples : The farmers are watering the plants now The farmers aren’t watering the plants now Are the farmers watering the plants now?

Yes, they are/ No, they aren’t

* S-singular + IS + BEING + V3

Examples : The car is being fixed right now The car isn’t being fixed right now Is the car have being fixed?

Yes, it is/ No, it isn’t

* S-singular + ARE + BEING + V3

Examples : The plants are being watered by the farmers now The plants aren’t being watered by the farmers

now Are the plants being watered by the farmers

now? Yes, they (the plants) are/ No, they aren’t

FUTURECONTINUOUS

* S-singular/plural + WILL BE + V-ing

Examples : Luqman will be working when you come to his

office tomorrow He won’t be working when you come to his

office tomorrow Will he be working when I come to his office

tomorrow ?Yes, he will/ No, he won’t

Examples : The investors will be holding a meeting when

you leave tomorrow morning The investors won’t be holding a meeting when

you leave tomorrow morning Will the investors be holding a meeting when I

leave tomorrow?Yes, they will/ No, they won’t

* S-singular/plural + WILL + BEING + V3

Examples : The computer will being repaired when dad come

this evening The computer won’t being repaired when dad

come this evening Will the computer being repaired when dad come

this evening?Yes, it is/ No, it isn’t

Examples : The presents will being packed when the

president comes this afternoon The presents wont’ being packed when the

president comes this afternoon Will the presents being packed when the

president comes this afternoon? Yes, they (the presents) will No, they won’t

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PAST CONTINUOUS

* S-singular + WAS + V-ing

Examples : Luqman was working when I came to his

office yesterday He wasn’t working when I came to his office

yesterday Was he working when you came to his

office yesterday?Yes, he was/ No, he wasn’t

* S-plural + WERE + V-ing

Examples : The bandits were breaking that shop when I

passed the road tonight The bandits weren’t breaking that shop

when I passed the road tonight Are the bandits breaking that shop when

you passed the road tonight?Yes, they were/ No, they weren’t

* S-singular + IS + BEING + V3

Examples : The car was being fixed when we came back last

night The car was being fixed when we came back last

night Was the car being fixed when you came back last

night?Yes, it was/ No, it wasn’t

* S-singular + WERE + BEING + V3

Examples : The apartments were being built when

earthquake occured The apartments weren’t being built when

earthquake occured Were the apartments being built when

earthquake occured? Yes, they (the apartments) were/ No, they weren’t

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PRESENT PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

* S-singular + HAS BEEN + V-ing

Examples : Luqman has been working for that company

since I was a kid He hasn’t been working for that company

since I was a kid Has he been working since you were a kid?

Yes, he has/ No, he hasn’t

* S-plural + HAVE BEEN + V-ing

Examples : The scientists have been studying this gene

for many years The scientists haven’t been studying this

gene for many years Have the scientists been studying this gene

for many years?Yes, they have/ No, they haven’t

* S-singular + HAS BEEN + BEING + V3

Examples : This gene has been being studied since 1990’s This gene hasn’t been being studied since 1990’s Has the gene been being studied since 1990’s? Yes, it has/ No, it hasn’t

* S-singular + HAVE BEEN + BEING + V3

Examples : The apartments have been being built for several

months The apartments haven’t been being built for

several months Have the apartments been being built for several

months? Yes, they (the apartments) have/ No, they haven’t


* S-singular/plural + WILL + HAVE BEEN + V-ing

Examples : Luqman will have been working in this

factory for 25 years by the end of this month Luqman won’t have been working in this

factory for 25 years by the end of this month Will he have been working in this factory for

25 years by the end of this month ?

* S-singular/plural + WILL HAVE BEEN + BEING + V3

Examples : This gene has been being studied since 1990’s This gene hasn’t been being studied since 1990’s Has the gene been being studied since 1990’s? Yes, it has/ No, it hasn’t

Examples : The apartments will have been being built for 2

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FUTURE PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

Yes, he will/ No, he won’t

Examples : The scientists will have been studying this

gene for 10 months by the end of this week The scientists won’t have been studying this

gene for 10 months by the end of this week Will the scientists have been studying this

gene for 10 months by the end of this week many years?Yes, they will/ No, they won’t

years by the time you come back to Indonesia The apartments won’t have been being built for 2

years by the time you come back to Indonesia Will the apartments have been being built for for

2 years by the time I come back to Indonesia? Yes, they (the apartments) will/ No, they won’t


PASTPERFECT

CONTINUOUS

* S-singular/plural + HAD BEEN + V-ing

Examples : The doctor had been operating for 25

minutes before police came The doctor hadn’t been operating for 25

minutes before police came Had the doctor been operating for 25

minutes before police came ?Yes, he had/ No, he hadn’t

Examples : The refugees had been waiting for 2 hours

before SAR team arrived The refugees hadn’t been waiting for 2

hours before SAR team arrived Had the refugees been waiting for 2 hours

before SAR team arrived?Yes, they had/ No, they hadn’t

* S-singular/plural + HAD BEEN + BEING + V3

Examples : This gene had been being studied for years before

microscope was invented This gene hadn’t been being studied for years

before microscope was invented Had the gene been being studied for years before

microscope was invented ? Yes, it had/ No, it hadn’t

Examples : These gadgets had been being used for 2 years

before notebook was released These gadgets hadn’t been being used for 2

years before notebook was released Had these gadgets been being used for 2 years

before notebook was released ? Yes, they (the gadgets) had/ No, they hadn’t

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Dasar-dasar Tenses Bahasa Inggris (edisi Revisi)

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