Dap an Thong Ke 007-2014- Du Doan de Thi _H 2015

Thng k H 2007-2014 [D ON THI THPT QUC GIA NM 2015 MN HA HC]

[email protected]| T: 0985.131.193 1

LI NI U

Cu chuyn

Mt ln, Anhxtanh c mt phng vin hi: Nu ngi c 60 pht gii quyt mt vn ,

ngi s lm nh th no? Anhxtanh p: Ti s dnh 55 pht TM CU HI NG, cn 5

pht cn li vn s c gii quyt!

Sau y mi cc bn c cc CU HI NG!

Ti sao bn chn cun sch ny?

Cc C c dy Bit mnh bit ta trm trn trm thng. Bit mnh l th no? Bn bit

im mnh , im yu ca bn thn v mn Ha. Nhng ni dung no d, ni dung no kh?

Mc tiu ca bn l bao nhiu im cho mn Ha?

Ta y l cu trc thi, cc dng bi thi, ni dung kin thc c bn cn hc. Bn lm

cc thi ca cc nm trc hay cha? Bn tng thi th tri nghim khng kh ca cuc

thi cha?

Nu cu tr li l cha hoc cha ch ng th ti chc mng bn chn ng cha kha ri!

Kinh nghim ca ti khi hc l lun xem cc cc nm thi v lm li n nh mnh i thi

xem i phng ca mnh nh th no c cch i ph ph hp!

Ti sao cun sch ny c ta l D ON thi THPT Quc Gia nm 2015

Khi ti nghin cu cc thi ca cc nm trc theo dng chuyn th ti nhn thy mt

iu v cng th v v hp l l thi c s lp li tng, kiu ra , kiu t cu hi

cng nh cc kin thc. Cc nm gn y thi LP LI khong 50% tng ca cc nm

trc do cc nguyn nhn sau:

1. Kin thc khng thay i v sch gio khoa khng thay i.

2. Kin thc ph thng th phi phn ln mi ngi hiu v lm bi c. Nguyn tc ra

l xut pht t cc phn ng trong sch gio khoa v thm cc cng thc tnh ton,

giu mt yu t no i v cho bit mt s d kin tm ra. Cc cng thc th cng

rt t v khng thay i.

3. Cc k nng, cc phng php t duy t thay i.

4. Hc sinh mi nm l khc nhau (c mt lng nh thi li nhng khng nh hng).

iu ny c ngha l hc sinh gn nh mi v kim tra nhng kin thc c nn cn

c s lp li.

5. Kh nhiu kin thc kh, nhy cm khng c a vo k thi do yu cu gim ti ca

chng trnh. iu ny lm cho vic thi c tr nn n gin hn v do kin thc t

i nn buc phi lp li.

Cc cu d on l vo thi THPT Quc Gia nm 2015 c bi mu xanh

Mt s v d minh ha:

Cu 1. (B-07) 6: Trong cc dd: HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2, dy gm cc cht u

t/d c vi dd Ba(HCO3)2 l:



A. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH) 2, KHSO4, Na2SO4.

C. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH) 2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2.

Cu 2. (A-13) 37: Dy cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 l:

A. HNO3, NaCl v Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH)2 v KNO3.

C. NaCl, Na2SO4 v Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH)2 v Na2SO4.

Cu 1. C-07) 3: SO2 lun th hin tnh kh trong cc p vi A. H2S, O2, nc Br2. B. dd NaOH, O2, dd KMnO4. C. dd KOH, CaO, nc Br2. D. O2, nc Br2, dd KMnO4.

Cu 2. (A-12) 34: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO2?

A. Dung dch BaCl2, CaO, nc brom. B. Dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch KMnO4.

C. O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4. D. H2S, O2, nc brom.

Cu 1. (B-08) 41: Cho 0,1 mol P2O5 vo dd cha 0,35 mol KOH. Dd thu c c cc cht:

A. K3PO4, K2HPO4. B. K2HPO4, KH2PO4. C. K3PO4, KOH. D. H3PO4, KH2PO4.

Cu 2. (C-12) 49: Cho 1,42 gam P2O5 tc dng hon ton vi 50 ml dung dch KOH 1M, thu c

dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c cht rn khan gm A. K3PO4 v KOH. B. K2HPO4 v K3PO4.

C. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4. D. H3PO4 v KH2PO4.

Cu 1. (A-08) 48: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH3, CH3-

C(CH3)=CH-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l

A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4. Cu 2. (C-09) 54: Cho cc cht: CH2=CHCH=CH2; CH3CH2CH=C(CH3)2; CH3CH=CHCH=CH2; CH3CH=CH2; CH3CH=CHCOOH. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l A. 4. B. 3 C. 2. D. 1. Cu 1. (C-09) 12: Hh kh X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi He l 3,75. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi He l 5. Hiu sut ca p hiro ho l

A. 20%. B. 25%. C. 50%. D. 40%. Cu 2. (A-12) 49: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng,

thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l

A. 70%. B. 80%. C. 60%. D. 50%. Cu 1. (A-09) 37: Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X p vi lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c

54g Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X p vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, to) th 0,125 mol X p ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi CT chung l A. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). B. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0). C. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2). D. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2). Cu 2. (B-12) 31: Cho 0,125 mol anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 27 gam Ag. Mt khc, hiro ho hon ton 0,25 mol X cn va 0,5 mol H2.

Dy ng ng ca X c cng thc chung l A. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0). B. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2). C. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0). D. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2).

Cu 1. (B-09) 14: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X t/d va vi 200 ml dd HCl 0,1M thu c 3,67 gam mui khan. Mt khc 0,02 mol X t/d va vi 40 gam dd NaOH 4%. Cng thc ca X l A. H2NC2H3(COOH)2. B. H2NC3H5(COOH)2. C. (H2N)2C3H5COOH. D. H2NC3H6COOH.

Cu 2. (C-13) 40: Cho 100 ml dung dch amino axit X nng 0,2M phn ng va vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M, thu c dung dch Y. Bit Y phn ng ti a vi 120 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M, thu c dung dch cha 4,71 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc ca X l

A. H2NC3H5(COOH)2. B. (H2N)2C2H3COOH.

C. (H2N)2C3H5COOH. D. H2NC3H6COOH.

Cu 1. (B-08) 25: Th tch dd HNO3 67,5% (khi lng ring l 1,5 g/ml) cn dng t/d vi

xenluloz to thnh 89,1 kg xenluloz trinitrat l (bit lng HNO3 b hao ht l 20 %)

A. 55 lt. B. 81 lt. C. 49 lt. D. 70 lt. Cu 2. (B-12) 44: iu ch 53,46 kg xenluloz trinitrat (hiu sut 60%) cn dng t nht V lt axit nitric 94,5% (D = 1,5 g/ml) phn ng vi xenluloz d. Gi tr ca V l

A. 60. B. 24. C. 36. D. 40. Cu 1. (A-08) 8: Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:



A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH. B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.

C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH

Cu 2. (B-09) 32: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l: A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO. B. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.

C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO

Cn v s kiu bi tng t na trong cun sch ny, hy cho mnh c c hi khm ph no! Li ch m bn thu c t cun sch ny l g?

1. Nu bn l hc sinh

a. Bn c mt h thng kin thc m bn cn phi hc v hiu su sc cng nh

cc cch t duy, cch lm bi m bn cn luyn tp trc khi vo phng thi.

b. Bn hiu c thi cng khng qu kh nh bn ngh v nu bn lm c

hoc lp li nhng bi t MU n mc nhn vo bn c th cm my tnh bm

hoc ni ngay th bn hon ton c th yn tm v im s ca mnh.

2. Nu bn l gio vin

i. Bn c mt h thng cu hi tha h m i dy v bn cng nhn ra rng h

thng bi tp y l qu . Bn ch cn cho hc sinh nm chc kin thc

trong y l bn qu gii ri. Vi vic u t ch 50.000 thay v ngi copy,

chnh sa ti liu hng tun.

ii. Bn hiu c cch ra mt thi v cc ni dung trng tm cn dy cho hc

sinh. iu ny s gip bn nhanh chng ng vng trn bc ging vi kin

thc v k nng y mnh. Hc sinh ca bn s t nhiu hn l iu chc

chn. C hnh phc no hn ca mt gio vin khi thy hc sinh ca mnh

t phi khng bn?

3. Nu bn l sinh vin s phm

a. Bn c ti liu v cng quan trng c th i gia s cho hc sinh ca bn. Bn

c mt h thng y v v cng hiu qu tp lm gio vin m nhng

gio vin nhiu kinh nghim mi c c.

b. Bn hiu c mt cng vic ca gio vin l phi ra thi. V bn tha sc

sng to ra mt tng t ng khng no? Bn mau chng c mt k nng

ca mt gio vin gii. Khi bn i thc tp hay khi xin vic cng d dng hn

hn do chuyn mn ca bn rt cng.

Ai nn mua cun sch ny? 1. Hc sinh (ng nhin ri!)

2. Gio vin (V cng hp l!)

3. Sinh vin (Khng cn nghi ng g na!)

4. Bn b, ngi thn ca hc sinh (Mua lm qu, qu tuyt vi!)

Ti sao bn lm nhiu im vn km? n gin l bn cha hiu SU v cha to c LIN KT gia cc kin thc cng

nh bn cha LP s ln ln nn cha c k nng, k so. V iu cng khin cho bn nh km hn m trong thi i hc th vic nh nhiu kin thc l mt li th rt ln.



Ti sao cc Thy khng lm tt c cc bi nhng c th lm bt c bi no trong chng trnh ph thng?

n gin l cc Thy nm chc kin thc ct li v cch t duy ch khng phi lm tt c cc bi tp. Mt li th l cc Thy LP LI kin thc qua nhiu nm nn hiu SU SC nn vic sng to ra cn n gin ni chi n lm bi. Mt l do na l cc Thy c mt tm th ch ng khi lm bi tp ch khng b ng nh hc sinh. iu ny lm cho cch t duy mch lc v sng sut hn. Lm th no hc tt vi b kp ny?

1. Hy c k l thuyt lin quan. Nn s dng mindmap vit cho n gin, d hiu v d nh.

2. Lm cc bi tp i km. p n cc em c th lin h qua gmail/face: [email protected] v nu khng bit cch gii th ln google.com l c y , chi tit.

3. Tp trung lm nhng bi c MU XANH, l nhng bi cha kha. Lm c nhng bi ny ngha l cc bi khc bn c th lm c.

4. Lp li cho n khi hiu su sc, bm nhanh khong 30 giy/ cu. L thuyt ni nhanh khong 30 giy/ cu l t.

5. Lun bnh tnh, ht th su khi lm bi. 6. Trao i vi bn b, thy c hiu su v nh, lin kt cc kin thc.

Hc t bn b rt hiu qu, hy copy t nhng ngi gii 7. Lm thm b Luyn 10 thi th i hc t trn 8 im 8. Lun c mt cun s ghi ch nhng li ca mnh v lun xem li n mi

khi lm bi tp 9. c phn ph lc pha sau sch. N v cng hu ch! 10. Lun nhn v mc tiu, c m ca bn thn.

V mt ln na ti chc mng bn s hu B kp tuyt vi ny!

Chc bn thnh cng! Thn i!

ThS. L ng Khng ThS. Trn Trng Tuyn



MC LC Phn 1: V C .............................................................................................................................. 8

1. Nguyn t, bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, lin kt ho hc ..................................... 8

1.1. Bi ton v ht c bn, cu hnh electron ......................................................................... 8

1.2. V tr nguyn t trong bng tun hon, nh lut tun hon ............................................. 8

1.3. Bi ton oxit, hp cht vi Hiro, ng v .................................................................. 10

1.4. Lin kt ha hc, cu trc mng tinh th ....................................................................... 10

2. PHN NG OXI HA KH,.............................................................................................. 12

TC PHN NG V CN BNG HA HC ............................................................... 12

2.1. Phn ng oxi ha kh, cht oxi ha, cht kh ............................................................ 12

2.2. Cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh .................................................................................. 14

2.3. Tc phn ng ............................................................................................................. 15

2.4. Chuyn dch cn bng ha hc ....................................................................................... 16

3. S IN LY- pH DUNG DCH .......................................................................................... 18

3.1. Cht in ly, axit, ba z, lng tnh ............................................................................... 18

3.2. Phn ng ion trong dung dch ........................................................................................ 18

3.3. Bi ton pH ..................................................................................................................... 20

3.4. Tnh theo phng trnh ion, nh lut bo ton in tch ............................................... 20

4. PHI KIM ................................................................................................................................ 23

4.1. OXI LU HUNH ..................................................................................................... 23

4.2. HALOGEN ..................................................................................................................... 24

4.3. NIT PHOTPHO ........................................................................................................ 26

4.4. CACBON - SILIC ......................................................................................................... 28

5. I CNG V KIM LOI ............................................................................................... 30

5. 1. Dy in ha ca kim loi ............................................................................................. 30

5.2. PHN NG C TRNG CA KIM LOI .............................................................. 31

5.3. iu ch kim loi ........................................................................................................... 32

5.4. Bi ton kh cc oxit kim loi bng kh CO, H2 ........................................................... 33

5.5. Bi ton kim loi tc dng vi phi kim .......................................................................... 33

5.6. in phn ....................................................................................................................... 34

5.7. n mn kim loi ............................................................................................................. 36

5.8. Bi ton kim loi tc dng vi dd mui ......................................................................... 37

5.9. Bi ton kim loi tc dng vi dd axit ........................................................................... 39

5.10. Mg, Al, Zn tc dng vi HNO3 to mui NH4NO3 .................................................... 40

6. KIM LOI KIM, KIM TH ............................................................................................ 41

6.1 L THUYT ................................................................................................................... 41

6.2. KIM LOI KIM, KIM TH tc dng vi AXIT, tm kim loi ............................... 42



6.3. KIM LOI KIM tc dng vi H2O ................................................................................ 43

6.4. BI TON CO2 tc dng vi DUNG DCH KIM ...................................................... 43

6.5. DUNG DCH AXIT tc dng vi MUI CACBONAT............................................... 44

7. NHM V HP CHT ....................................................................................................... 46

7.1. Nhm, nhm oxit tc dng vi dung dch kim, axit ..................................................... 46

7.2. Bi ton Al3+

, Zn2+

tc dng vi dung dch kim .......................................................... 47

8. ST V HP CHT ............................................................................................................ 49

8.1. St tc dng vi axit ....................................................................................................... 49

8.2. Oxit st tc dng vi axit .............................................................................................. 50

8.3. Phn ng NHIT NHM ............................................................................................... 51

8.4. Hp cht cha S ca Fe .................................................................................................. 52

8.5. GANG THP ................................................................................................................. 53

9. Crom, ng, niken, ch, km, bc, vng, thic ...................................................................... 54

10. TNG HP KIN THC .................................................................................................. 57

10.1. L thuyt..................................................................................................................... 57

10.2. OXIT TC DNG VI AXIT .................................................................................. 63

10.3. Bi ton 3 Cu + 8H+ +2NO3

- 3Cu2+ +2NO + 4H2O ............................................... 63

10.4. Fe2+

tc dng vi Ag+ .................................................................................................. 64

10.5. Fe tc dng vi axit HNO3 v H2SO4 c nng m cn d kim loi .......................... 65

10.6. Bi ton lin quan n KMnO4 ................................................................................... 65

10.7. Cc dng khc ............................................................................................................. 66

Phn 2: HU C ......................................................................................................................... 67

11. I CNG HU C V HIDROCACBON ................................................................. 67

11.1. ng phn, danh php .................................................................................................. 67

11.2. ANKAN........................................................................................................................ 68

11.3. ANKEN ........................................................................................................................ 69

11.4. ANKIN, ANKAIEN, TECPEN ................................................................................. 70

11.5. HN HP HIROCACBON ...................................................................................... 70

11.6. Hn hp hidrocacbon vi H2 ........................................................................................ 72

12. DN XUT HALOGEN, ANCOL, PHENOL .................................................................. 73

12.1. Dn xut halogen ......................................................................................................... 73

12.2. PHENOL ..................................................................................................................... 74

12.3. ANCOL ........................................................................................................................ 75

13. AN HIT, XETON, AXIT CACBONXYLIC ................................................................. 79

13.1. ANHIT ................................................................................................................... 79

13.2. XETON ........................................................................................................................ 82

13.3. AXIT CACBOXYLIC ................................................................................................. 82



14. ESTE, LIPIT ........................................................................................................................ 86

14.1. ng phn, danh php ................................................................................................. 86

14.2. Phn ng thy phn trong mi trng kim (x phng ha) ....................................... 87

14.3. Phn ng t chy ........................................................................................................ 89

14.4. CHT BO .................................................................................................................. 90

14.7. Hn hp este vi axit, ancol ......................................................................................... 91

15. AMIN, AMINOAXIT, PEPTIT, PROTEIN ....................................................................... 93

15.1. AMIN .......................................................................................................................... 93

15.2. AMINOAXIT ............................................................................................................... 94

15.3. PEPTIT, protein............................................................................................................ 97

15.5. CC DNG HP CHT KHC CHA NIT ................................................................ 99

16. CACBOHIRAT .............................................................................................................. 100

16.1. L THUYT ............................................................................................................. 100

16.2. S phn ng ........................................................................................................... 102

16.3. PHN NG thy phn, TRNG BC ..................................................................... 102

16.4. Phn ng ln men tinh bt .......................................................................................... 103

16.5. Phn ng iu ch Xenluloz trinitrat ................................................................... 104

17. Polime v vt liu polime .................................................................................................. 105

18. TNG HP HU C ...................................................................................................... 107

18.1. Phn ng trng bc .................................................................................................... 107

18.2. Tc dng vi dung dch Cu(OH)2 ............................................................................. 107

18.3. Tc dng vi dung dch Br2 ....................................................................................... 107

18.4. Tc dng vi H2......................................................................................................... 108

18.5. Tc dng vi dung dch NaOH .................................................................................. 108

18.6. linh ng ca H, lc axit, nhit si, nhit nng chy, tan ..................... 109

18.7. iu ch ...................................................................................................................... 110

18.8. Nhn bit .................................................................................................................... 110

18.9. S phn ng .......................................................................................................... 111

18.10. Cc dng cu hi l thuyt tng hp ....................................................................... 114

18.11. Tnh ton tng hp ................................................................................................... 115

D B I HC NM 2009 ......................................................................................... 118

MT S CNG THC S DNG TRONG GII TON HA HC ......................... 122

TNH TAN CA MUI V BAZ .................................................................................... 122

KHI LNG MOL NGUYN T V PHN T ........................................................ 123

DANH PHP THNG THNG ...................................................................................... 124

NHN BIT CC CHT .................................................................................................... 125



Phn 1: V c

1. Nguyn t, bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, lin kt ho hc

1.1. Bi ton v ht c bn, cu hnh electron Cu 1. (A-10) 32: Nhn nh no sau y ng khi ni v 3 nguyn t:

26 55 26

13 26 12X, Y, Z ?

A. X v Z c cng s khi. B. X, Z l 2 ng v ca cng mt nguyn t ho hc. C. X, Y thuc cng mt nguyn t ho hc. D. X v Y c cng s ntron.

Cu 2. (A-07): Dy gm cc ion X+, Y- v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l: A. Li+, F-, Ne. B. K+,, Cl-, Ar. C. Na+, Cl-, Ar. D. Na+, F-, Ne. Cu 3. (B-10) 12: Mt ion M3+ c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l

A. [Ar]3d54s1. B. [Ar]3d64s2. C. [Ar]3d64s1. D. [Ar]3d34s2.

Cu 4. (A-11) 42: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ v Cr3+ ln lt l

A. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d14s2. B. [Ar]3d74s2

v [Ar]3d3.

C. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d3. D. [Ar]3d74s2

v [Ar] 3d14s2.

Cu 5. (A-12) 11: Nguyn t R to c cation R+. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R+

( trng thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l A. 10. B. 11. C. 22. D. 23.

Cu 6. (A-13) 11: trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z = 11) l A. 1s22s22p63s2. B. 1s22s22p53s2. C. 1s22s22p43s1. D. 1s22s22p63s1.

Cu 7. (B-14): Ion X2+ c cu hnh electron trng thi c bn 2 2 61s 2s 2p . Nguyn t X l

A. Ne (Z = 10) B. Mg (Z = 12) C. Na (Z = 11) D. O (Z = 8)

Cu 8. (B-13) 32: S proton v s ntron c trong mt nguyn t nhm ( 27Al13 ) ln lt l

A. 13 v 14. B. 13 v 15. C. 12 v 14. D. 13 v 13.

Cu 9. (A-14) 9: Cu hnh electron trng thi c bn ca nguyn t nguyn t X c tng s electron trong cc phn lp p l 8. Nguyn t X l

A. O (Z=8) B. Cl (Z=17) C. Al (Z=13) D. Si (Z=14)

Cu 10. (C-13) 25: trng thi c bn, nguyn t ca nguyn t X c 4 electron lp L (lp th hai). S proton c trong nguyn t X l

A. 7. B. 6. C. 8. D. 5.

1.2. V tr nguyn t trong bng tun hon, nh lut tun hon

Cu 11. (A-07) : Anion X- v cation Y2+

u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca

cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l: A. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II). B. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II). C. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VI); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II). D. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II).

Cu 12. (A-09) 36: Cu hnh electron ca ion X3+

l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, nguyn t X thuc A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA. B. chu k 4, nhm IIA. C. chu k 3, nhm VIB. D. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.



Cu 13. (C -14): 26 Cation R+

c cu hnh electron 1s2

2s22p

63s

23p

6. V tr ca nguyn t R trong

bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l A. chu k 3, nhm VIIIA B. chu k 4, nhm IIA

C. chu k 3, nhm VIIA D. chu k 4, nhm IA

Cu 14. (C-12) 14: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52. Trong ht nhn nguyn t X c s ht khng mang in nhiu hn s ht mang in l 1. V tr (chu k, nhm) ca X trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l

A. chu k 3, nhm VA. B. chu k 3, nhm VIIA. C. chu k 2, nhm VIIA. D. chu k 2, nhm VA.

Cu 15. (C-09) 15: Cc kim loi X, Y, Z c cu hnh electron nguyn t ln lt l: 1s22s22p6 3s1; 1s22s22p63s2; 1s22s22p63s23p1. Dy gm cc kim loi xp theo chiu tng dn tnh kh t tri sang phi l:

A. Z, Y, X. B. X, Y, Z. C. Y, Z, X. D. Z, X, Y. Cu 16. (C-09) 11: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c electron mc nng lng cao nht l 3p. Nguyn t c a nguyn t Y cng c electron mc nng lng 3p v c mt electron lp ngoi cng. Nguyn t X v Y c s electron hn km nhau l 2. Nguyn t X, Y ln lt l A. kim loi v kim loi. B. phi kim v kim loi. C. kim loi v kh him. D. kh him v kim loi

Cu 17. (A-12) 19: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn t Y nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn xt no sau y v X, Y l ng?

A. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng. B. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y. C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron. D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.

Cu 18. (C-07) 16: Cho cc nguyn t M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) v R (Z = 19). m in ca cc nguyn t tng dn theo th t

A. M < X < Y < R. B. R < M < X < Y. C. Y < M < X < R. D. M < X < R < Y. Cu 19. (B-07): Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VIII), theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th A. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn. B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn. C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn. D. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh nguyn t gim dn

Cu 20. (B-09) 3: Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l: A. N, Si, Mg, K. B. K, Mg, Si, N. C. K, Mg, N, Si. D. Mg, K, Si, N.

Cu 21. (A-08) 35:Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri sang phi l A. F, O, Li, Na. B. F, Na, O, Li. C. F, Li, O, Na. D. Li, Na, O, F.

Cu 22. (B-08)2: Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l: A. P, N, F, O. B. N, P, F, O. C. P, N, O, F. D. N, P, O, F.

Cu 23. (A-10) 35: Cc nguyn t t Li n F, theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn th A. bn knh nguyn t tng, m in gim. B. bn knh nguyn t v m in u tng. C. bn knh nguyn t gim, m in tng. D. bn knh nguyn t v m in u gim.

Cu 24. (B-14): Hai nguyn t X v Y cng mt chu k trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, X

thuc nhm IIA, Y thuc nhm IIIA (X YZ Z 51 ). Pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Kim loi X khng kh c ion 2Cu trong dung dch

B. Hp cht vi oxi ca X c dng 2 7X O

C. Trong nguyn t nguyn t X c 25 proton

D. nhit thng X khng kh c 2H O

Cu 25. (B-12) 14: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Nguyn t kim loi thng c 1, 2 hoc 3 electron lp ngoi cng. B. Cc nhm A bao gm cc nguyn t s v nguyn t p. C. Trong mt chu k, bn knh nguyn t kim loi nh hn bn knh nguyn t phi kim. D. Cc kim loi thng c nh kim do cc electron t do phn x nh sng nhn thy c.



1.3. Bi ton oxit, hp cht vi Hiro, ng v

Cu 26. (B-08) 36: Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l A. S. B. As. C. N. D. P.

Cu 27. (A-09) 12: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns2np4. Trong hp cht kh ca nguyn t X vi hiro, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t X trong oxit cao nht l

A. 50,00%. B. 27,27%. C. 60,00%. D. 40,00%.

Cu 28. (A-12) 18: Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp nht) v trong oxit cao nht tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc. B. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn. C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3. D. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s.

Cu 29. (B-12) 20: Nguyn t Y l phi kim thuc chu k 3, c cng thc oxit cao nht l YO3. Nguyn t Y to vi kim loi M hp cht c cng thc MY, trong M chim 63,64% v khi lng. Kim loi M l

A. Zn. B. Cu. C. Mg. D. Fe. Cu 30. (C-07) 24: Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l 6329 Cu v 2965 Cu. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng l 63,54. Thnh phn phn trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v 6329 Cu l

A. 27%. B. 50%. C. 54%. D. 73%. Cu 31. (B-11) 1: Trong t nhin clo c hai ng v bn: 3717 Cl chim 24,23% s nguyn t, cn li

l 3517 Cl. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca 3717 Cl trong HClO4 l

A. 8,43%. B. 8,79%. C. 8,92%. D. 8,56%.

1.4. Lin kt ha hc, cu trc mng tinh th

Cu 32. (B-07): Trong hp cht ion XY (X l kim loi, Y l phi kim), s electron ca cation bng s electron ca anion v tng s electron trong XY l 20. Bit trong mi hp cht, Y ch c mt mc oxi ha duy nht. Cng thc XY l A. AlN. B. MgO. C. LiF. D. NaF.

Cu 33. (C -14) 32: Cht no sau y l hp cht ion? A. SO2 B. K2O C. CO2 D. HCl

Cu 34. (A-08) 31: Hp cht trong phn t c lin kt ion l A. NH4Cl. B. NH3. C. HCl. D. H2O.

Cu 35. (A-11) 12: Khi so snh NH3 vi NH4+, pht biu khng ng l: A. Phn t NH3 v ion NH4+u cha lin kt cng ha tr.

B. Trong NH3 v NH4+, nit u c s oxi ha 3. C. NH3 c tnh baz, NH4+

c tnh axit.

D. Trong NH3 v NH4+, nit u c cng ha tr 3.

Cu 36. (B-10) 11: Cc cht m phn t khng phn cc l: A. HBr, CO2, CH4. B. Cl2, CO2, C2H2. C. NH3, Br2, C2H4. D. HCl, C2H2, Br2.

Cu 37. (A-13) 32: Lin kt ha hc gia cc nguyn t trong phn t HCl thuc loi lin kt A. hiro. B. cng ha tr khng cc. C. cng ha tr c cc. D. ion.

Cu 38. (C-08) 26: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p63s23p64s1, nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p5. Lin kt ho hc gia nguyn t X v nguyn t Y thuc loi lin kt

A. kim loi. B. cng ho tr. C. ion. D. cho nhn. Cu 39. (C-09) 13: Dy gm cc cht trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l:

A. O2, H2O, NH3. B. H2O, HF, H2S. C. HCl, O3, H2S. D. HF, Cl2, H2O.



Cu 40. (C-12) 20: Cho dy cc cht: N2, H2, NH3, NaCl, HCl, H2O. S cht trong dy m phn t ch cha lin kt cng ha tr khng cc l

A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2. Cu 41. (A-14) 2: Lin kt ha hc gia cc nguyn t trong phn t NH3 l lin kt

A. cng ha tr khng cc B. Hiro C. ion D. cng ha tr phn cc Cu 42. (C-10) 26: Lin kt ho hc gia cc nguyn t trong phn t H2O l lin kt

A. ion. B. cng ho tr phn cc. C. hiro. D. cng ho tr khng phn cc.

Cu 43. (C-13) 21: Lin kt ha hc trong phn t Br2 thuc loi lin kt

A. ion. B. hiro. C. cng ha tr khng cc. D. cng ha tr c cc.

Cu 44. (B-13) 13: Cho gi tr m in ca cc nguyn t: F (3,98); O (3,44); C (2,55); H (2,20); Na (0,93). Hp cht no sau y l hp cht ion?

A. NaF. B. CO2. C. CH4. D. H2O.

Cu 45. (C-10) 36: Dy gm cc kim loi c cu to mng tinh th lp phng tm khi l: A. Be, Mg, Ca. B. Li, Na, K. C. Na, K, Mg. D. Li, Na, Ca.

Cu 46. (C-11) 29: Dy gm cc kim loi u c cu to mng tinh th lp phng tm khi l: A. Na, K, Ca, Ba. B. Na, K, Ca, Be. C. Li, Na, K, Mg. D. Li, Na, K, Rb.

Cu 47. (B-11) 7: Dy gm cc kim loi c cng kiu mng tinh th lp phng tm khi l: A. Na, K, Ca. B. Na, K, Ba. C. Li, Na, Mg. D. Mg, Ca, Ba.

Cu 48. (B-09) 33: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Photpho trng c cu trc tinh th nguyn t. B. th rn, NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th phn t. C. Nc thuc loi tinh th phn t. D. Kim cng c cu trc tinh th phn t.

Cu 49. (C-11) 27: Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, nguyn t X nhm IIA, nguyn t Y nhm VA. Cng thc ca hp cht to thnh t 2 nguyn t trn c dng l

A. X2Y3. B. X2Y5. C. X3Y2. D. X5Y2.

Cu 50. (A-11) 36:Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm3

. Gi thit rng, trong tinh th canxi cc nguyn t l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh nguyn t canxi tnh theo l thuyt l

A. 0,185 nm. B. 0,196 nm. C. 0,155 nm. D. 0,168 nm.

Cu 51. (B-11) 18: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Trong tinh th NaCl, xung quanh mi ion u c 6 ion ngc du gn nht. B. Tt c cc tinh th phn t u kh nng chy v kh bay hi. C. Tinh th nc , tinh th iot u thuc loi tinh th phn t. D. Trong tinh th nguyn t, cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt cng ho tr.



2. PHN NG OXI HA KH,

TC PHN NG V CN BNG HA HC

2.1. Phn ng oxi ha kh, cht oxi ha, cht kh Cu 1. (A-07): Cho cc p sau: a) FeO + HNO3 (c, nng) b) FeS + H2SO4 (c nng) c) Al2O3 + HNO3 (c, nng) d) Cu + dd FeCl3 e) CH3CHO + H2 (Ni, to) f) glucoz + AgNO3 trong dd NH3 g) C2H4 + Br2 h) glixerol + Cu(OH)2 Dy gm cc p u thuc loi p oxi ho - kh l A. a, b, c, d, e, h. B. a, b, d, e, f, g. C. a, b, d, e, f, h. D. a, b, c, d, e, g. Cu 2. (A-14) 16: Phn ng no di y thuc loi phn ng oxi ha - kh ?

A. 2 3 2 22NO 2NaOH NaNO NaNO H O B.

2NaOH HCl NaCl H O

C. 2 3CaO CO CaCO D. 3 3AgNO HCl AgCl HNO

Cu 3. (A-13) 27: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau: (a) Sc kh etilen vo dung dch KMnO4 long. (b) Cho hi ancol etylic i qua bt CuO nung nng. (c) Sc kh etilen vo dung dch Br2 trong CCl4. (d) Cho dung dch glucoz vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, un nng. (e) Cho Fe2O3 vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng.

Trong cc th nghim trn, s th nghim c xy ra phn ng oxi ha - kh l A. 5. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.

Cu 4. (B-14) Anehit axetic th hin tnh oxi ha trong phn ng no sau y?

A. 0Ni t

3 2 3 2CH CHO H CH CH OH ,

B. 0t

3 2 2 22CH CHO 5O 4CO 4H O

C. 3 2 2 3CH CHO Br H O CH COOH 2HBr

D. 3 3 3 2 3 4 4 3CH CHO 2AgNO 3NH H O CH COONH 2NH NO 2Ag

Cu 5. (B-08) 19: Cho cc p: Ca(OH)2+ Cl2 CaOCl2 + H2O 2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O

2NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO3 + NaNO2+ H2O 4KClO3 otKCl + 3 KClO4

O3 O2 + O S p oxi ho kh l A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 6. (C-13) 46: Cho cc phng trnh phn ng:

(a) 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3. (b) NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O.

(c) Fe3O4 + 4CO 3Fe + 4CO2.

(d) AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3.

Trong cc phn ng trn, s phn ng oxi ha - kh l A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4.

Cu 7. (A-07): Cho tng cht: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3) 3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4) 3, FeCO3 ln lt p vi HNO3 c, nng. S p thuc loi p oxi ho - kh l A. 5. B. 7. C. 6. D. 8. Cu 8. (A-10) 2: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:

(I) Sc kh SO2 vo dd KMnO4. (II) Sc kh SO2 vo dd H2S. (III) Sc hh kh NO2 v O2 vo nc. (IV) Cho MnO2 vo dd HCl c, nng. (V) Cho Fe2O3 vo dd H2SO4 c, nng. (VI) Cho SiO2 vo dd HF.



S th nghim c p oxi ho - kh xy ra l A. 6. B. 5. C. 4. D. 3.

Cu 9. (A-10) 15: Nung nng tng cp cht sau trong bnh kn: (1) Fe + S (r), (2) Fe2O3 + CO (k), (3) Au + O2(k), (4) Cu + Cu(NO3)2 (r), (5) Cu + KNO3 (r), (6) Al + NaCl (r). Cc trng hp xy ra p oxi ho kim loi l:

A. (1), (3), (6). B. (2), (5), (6). C. (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (4), (5). Cu 10. (B-10) 25: Cho dd X cha KMnO4 v H2SO4 (long) ln lt vo cc dd: FeCl2, FeSO4, CuSO4, MgSO4, H2S, HCl (c). S trng hp c xy ra p oxi ho - kh l

A. 3. B. 5. C. 4. D. 6. Cu 11. (C-08) 24: Cho dy cc cht: FeO, Fe(OH)2, FeSO4, Fe3O4, Fe2(SO4)3, Fe2O3. S cht trong dy b oxi ha khi t/d vi dd HNO3 c, nng l

A. 3. B. 5. C. 4 D. 6.

Cu 12. (B-11) 30: Thc hin cc th nghim vi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu (hn hp X):

(a) Cho X vo bnh cha mt lng d kh O3 ( iu kin thng).

(b) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch HNO3 (c). (c) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch HCl (khng c mt O2). (d) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch FeCl3.

Th nghim m Cu b oxi ho cn Ag khng b oxi ho l

A. (d). B. (a). C. (b). D. (c). Cu 13. (B-07) 23: Khi cho Cu t/d vi dd cha H2SO4 long v NaNO3, vai tr ca NaNO3 trong p l

A. cht xc tc. B. cht oxi ho. C. mi trng. D. cht kh. Cu 14. (A-08) 20: Cho cc p sau:

4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O. 2HCl + Fe FeCl2 + H2. 14HCl + K2Cr2O7 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O. 6HCl + 2Al 2AlCl3 + 3H2. 16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O. S p trong HCl th hin tnh oxi ha l A. 2. B. 1. C. 4. D. 3

Cu 15. (B-11) 5: Cho cc phn ng: (a) Sn + HCl (long) (b) FeS + H2SO4 (long)

(c) MnO2 + HCl (c)ot (d) Cu + H2SO4 (c)

ot (e) Al + H2SO4 (long) (g) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4

S phn ng m H+ ca axit ng vai tr cht oxi ho l

A. 3. B. 5. C. 2. D. 6. Cu 16. (C-13) 28: Cho cc phng trnh phn ng sau:

(a) Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2. (b) Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + FeSO4 + 4H2O.

(c) 2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O.

(d) FeS + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2S.

(e) 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2.

Trong cc phn ng trn, s phn ng m ion H+

ng vai tr cht oxi ha l

A. 2. B. 1. C. 4. D. 3. Cu 17. (B-09) 16: Cho cc p sau:

(a) 4HCl + PbO2 PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O. (b) HCl + NH4HCO3 NH4Cl + CO2 + H2O. (c) 2HCl + 2HNO3 2NO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O. (d) 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2. S p trong HCl th hin tnh kh l A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.

Cu 18. (B-08) 13: Cho dy cc cht v ion: Cl2, F2, SO2, Na+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Al3+, Mn2+, S2-, Cl-. S cht v ion trong dy u c tnh oxi ho v tnh kh l A. 3. B. 4. C. 6. D. 5.

Cu 19. (A-09) 26:Cho dy cc cht v ion:Zn, S, FeO, SO2, N2, HCl,Cu2+,Cl-. S cht v ion c c tnh oxi ha v tnh kh l A. 7. B. 5. C. 4. D. 6.

Cu 20. (C-09)Trong cc cht: FeCl2, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3. S cht c c tnh oxi ho v tnh kh l A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4.



Cu 21. (A-11) 15: Cho dy cc cht v ion: Fe, Cl2, SO2, NO2, C, Al, Mg2+

, Na+

, Fe2+

, Fe3+

. S cht v

ion va c tnh oxi ho, va c tnh kh l

A. 8. B. 5. C. 4. D. 6.

Cu 22. (C-12) 36: Cho dy gm cc phn t v ion: Zn, S, FeO, SO2, Fe2+, Cu2+, HCl. Tng s phn t v ion trong dy va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh l

A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 4. Cu 23. (C-08) 35: Cho p ha hc: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu.

Trong p trn xy ra A. s kh Fe2+ v s oxi ha Cu. C. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu. B. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu2+. D. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu2+.

Cu 24. (B-10) 19: Cho p: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH P ny chng t C6H5-CHO

A. va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th hin tnh kh. B.ch th hin tnh oxi ho. C. ch th hin tnh kh. D. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho.

Cu 25. (B-12) 29: Cho cc cht ring bit sau: FeSO4, AgNO3, Na2SO3, H2S, HI, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng. S trng hp xy ra phn ng oxi ho - kh l

A. 6. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.

2.2. Cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh

Cu 26. (A-07): Tng h s (cc s nguyn, ti gin) ca tt c cc cht trong PT p gia Cu vi dd HNO3 c, nng l A. 10. B. 8. C. 9. D. 11.

Cu 27. 17 (C -14): Cho phng trnh ha hc : a Al + b H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + dSO2 + eH2O. T l a : b l A. 1 : 2 B. 1 : 3 C. 1 : 1 D . 2 : 3

Cu 28. (B-14) : Cho phn ng: SO2 + 2KMnO4 + H2O K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2SO4. Trong phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng trn, khi h s ca KMnO4 l 2 th h s ca SO2 l

A. 5. B. 6. C. 4. D. 7. Cu 29. (B-07) 4: Trong p t chy CuFeS2 to ra sn phm CuO, Fe2O3 v SO2 th mt phn t CuFeS2 s

A. nhn 13 electron. B. nhn 12 electron. C. nhng 13 electron. D. nhng 12 electron.

Cu 30. (A-09) 15: Cho PT ho hc: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3) 3 + NxOy + H2O Sau khi cn bng PT ho hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn, ti gin th h s ca HNO3 l A. 13x - 9y. B. 46x - 18y. C. 45x - 18y. D. 23x - 9y.

Cu 31. (A-10) 49: Trong p: K2Cr2O7 + HCl CrCl3 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O S phn t HCl ng vai tr cht kh bng k ln tng s phn t HCl tham gia p. Gi tr ca k l A. 3/14. B. 4/7. C. 1/7. D. 3/7.

Cu 32. (C-12) 29: Cho phn ng ha hc: Cl2 +KOH ot KCl + KClO3 + H2O

T l gia s nguyn t clo ng vai tr cht oxi ha v s nguyn t clo ng vai tr cht kh trong phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng cho tng ng l

A. 1 : 5. B. 5 : 1. C. 3 : 1. D. 1 : 3.

Cu 33. (C-11) 2: Cho 3,16 gam KMnO4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c (d), sau khi phn ng

xy ra hon ton th s mol HCl b oxi ha l A. 0,10. B. 0,05. C. 0,02. D. 0,16

Cu 34. (B-11) 19: Cho phn ng: C6H5-CH=CH2 + KMnO4 C6H5-COOK + K2CO3 + MnO2 + KOH +

H2O.Tng h s (nguyn, ti gin) tt c cc cht trong phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng trn l

A. 27. B. 24. C. 34. D. 31. Cu 35. (C-10) 5: Cho p: Na2SO3 + KMnO4 + NaHSO4 Na2SO4 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O.

Tng h s ca cc cht (l nhng s nguyn, ti gin) trong PT p l A. 23. B. 27. C. 47. D. 31.

Cu 36. (B-12) 42: Cho phng trnh ha hc (vi a, b, c, d l cc h s): aFeSO4 + bCl2 cFe2(SO4)3 + dFeCl3



T l a : c l A. 4 : 1. B. 3 : 2. C. 2 : 1. D. 3 : 1.

Cu 37. (A-13) 50: Cho phng trnh phn ng aAl + bHNO3 cAl(NO3)3 + dNO + eH2O.T l a : b l A. 1 : 3. B. 1 : 4. C. 2 : 3. D. 2 : 5.

Cu 38. (A-13) 56: Cho phng trnh phn ng

aFeSO4 + bK2Cr2O7 + cH2SO4

T l a : b l

dFe2(SO4)3 + eK2SO4 + fCr2(SO4)3 + gH2O.

A. 6 : 1. B. 2 : 3. C. 1 : 6. D. 3 : 2.

Cu 39. (B-13) 36: Cho phn ng: FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O.Trong phng trnh ca phn

ng trn, khi h s ca FeO l 3 th h s ca HNO3 l

A. 6. B. 8. C. 4. D. 10.

2.3. Tc phn ng Cu 40. 40 (A-14): Cho ba mu v (100% CaCO3) c cng khi lng: mu 1 dng khi, mu 2 dng vin nh, mu 3 dng bt mn vo ba cc ng cng th tch dung dch HCl (d, cng nng , iu kin thng) . Thi gian vi tan ht trong ba cc tng ng l t1, t2, t3 giy. So snh no sau y ng?

A. 3 2 1t t t B.

2 1 3t t t C. 1 2 3t t t

D. 1 2 3t t t

Cu 41. (B-09) 8: Cho cht xc tc MnO2 vo 100 ml dd H2O2, sau 60 giy thu c 33,6 ml kh O2 ( ktc). Tc trung bnh ca p (tnh theo H2O2) trong 60 giy trn l A. 5, 0.10-4 mol/(l.s). B. 5, 0.10-5 mol/(l.s). C. 1, 0.10-3 mol/(l.s). D. 2, 5.10-4 mol/(l.s).

Cu 42. (B-14) Thc hin phn ng sau trong bnh kn: 2 2H k Br k 2HBr k Lc u nng hi Br2 l 0,072 mol/l. Sau 2 pht, nng hi Br2 cn li l 0,048 mol/l. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng tnh theo Br2 trong khong thi gian trn l

A. 48 10. mol/(l.s) B. 46 10. mol/(l.s) C. 44 10. mol/(l.s) D. 42 10. mol/(l.s)

Cu 43. (B-13) 19: Cho phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng: X + 2Y Z + T. thi im ban u, nng ca cht X l 0,01 mol/l. Sau 20 giy, nng ca cht X l 0,008 mol/l. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng tnh theo cht X trong khong thi gian trn l

A. 4,0.104 mol/(l.s). B. 1,0.104

mol/(l.s). C. 7,5.104

mol/(l.s). D. 5,0.104

mol/(l.s).

Cu 44. (C-10) 41: Cho phn ng: Br2 + HCOOH 2HBr + CO2. Nng ban u ca Br2 l a mol/lt, sau 50 giy nng Br2 cn li l 0,01 mol/lt. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng trn tnh theo Br2 l 4.10-5 mol/(l.s). Gi tr ca a l A. 0,012. B. 0,016. C. 0,014. D. 0,018.

Cu 45. (C-12) 42: Cho phn ng ha hc: Br2 + HCOOH 2HBr + CO2

Lc u nng ca HCOOH l 0,010 mol/l, sau 40 giy nng ca HCOOH l 0,008 mol/l.

Tc trung bnh ca phn ng trong khong thi gian 40 giy tnh theo HCOOH l

A. 5,0.10-5 mol/(l.s). B. 2,5.10-5

mol/(l.s). C. 2,5.10-4

mol/(l.s). D. 2,0.10-4

mol/(l.s).

Cu 46. (A-12) 26: Xt phn ng phn hy N2O5 trong dung mi CCl4 45oC:

N2O5 N2O4 + O2

Ban u nng ca N2O5 l 2,33M, sau 184 giy nng ca N2O5 l 2,08M. Tc trung bnh ca phn ng tnh theo N2O5 l

A. 2, 72.10-3

mol/(l.s). B. 1, 36.10-3 mol/(l.s).

C. 6, 80.10-3mol/(l.s). D. 6, 80.10-4mol/(l.s).



2.4. Chuyn dch cn bng ha hc

Cu 47. 37 (A-14): H cn bng sau c thc hin trong bnh kn:

2 2 2CO k H O k CO k H k H 0; Cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi A. cho cht xc tc vo h B. thm kh H2 vo h C. gim nhit ca h D. tng p sut chung ca h.

Cu 48. (C-09) 41: Cho cn bng (trong bnh kn) sau: CO (k) + H2O (k) CO2 (k) + H2 (k) H < 0 Trong cc yu t: (1) tng nhit ; (2) thm mt lng hi nc; (3) thm mt lng H2; (4) tng p sut chung ca h; (5) dng cht xc tc. Dy gm cc yu t u lm thay i cn bng ca h l: A. (1), (4), (5). B. (1), (2), (3). C. (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (4).

Cu 49. (B-08) 23: Cho cn bng ho hc: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k); p thun l p to nhit. Cn bng ho hc khng b chuyn dch khi A. thay i p sut ca h. B. thay i nng N2. C. thay i nhit . D. thm cht xc tc Fe.

Cu 50. (C-14) Cho h cn bng trong mt bnh kn : N2 (k) + O2 0t NO (k) ; 0

Cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi A. tng nhit ca h B. Gim p sut ca h C. Thm kh NO vo h D. Thm cht xc tc vo h

Cu 51. (A-08) 32: Cho cn bng ho hc: 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 p thun l p ta nhit, pht biu ng l: A. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi tng nhit . B. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch khi gim nng O2. C. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi gim p sut h p. D. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch khi gim nng SO3

Cu 52. (A-10) 16: Cho cn bng: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k). Khi tng nhit th t khi ca hh kh so vi H2 gim i. Pht biu ng khi ni v cn bng ny l:

A. P thun thu nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu nghch khi tng nhit . B. P nghch to nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit . C. P nghch thu nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit . D. P thun to nhit, cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu nghch khi tng nhit .

Cu 53. (B-10) 34: Cho cc cn bng sau: (I) 2HI (k) H2 (k) + I2 (k); (II) CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2 (k); (III) FeO (r) + CO (k) Fe (r) + CO2 (k); (IV) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k). Khi gim p sut ca h, s cn bng b chuyn dch theo chiu nghch l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1.

Cu 54. (A-09) 50: Cho cn bng sau trong bnh kn: 2NO2 (k) N2O4 (k) (mu nu ) (khng mu)

Bit khi h nhit ca bnh th mu nu nht dn. P thun c A. H > 0, p ta nhit. B. H < 0, p ta nhit. C. H > 0, p thu nhit. D. H < 0, p thu nhit.

Cu 55. (C-08) 21: Cho cc cn bng ho hc: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k) (1) H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k) (2)

2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k) (3) 2NO2 (k) N2O4 (k) (4) Khi thay i p sut nhng cn bng ha hc b chuyn dch l:

A. (1), (2), (3). B. (2), (3), (4). C. (1), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (4). Cu 56. (A-11) 26: Cho cn bng ho hc: H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k); H > 0.Cn bng khng b chuyn

dch khi A. tng nhit ca h. B. gim nng HI. C. tng nng H2. D. gim p sut chung ca h.

Cu 57. (C-11)Cho cn bng ha hc sau: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k) H < 0

Cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi A. tng nhit ca h phn ng. B. gim p sut ca h phn ng. C. tng p sut ca h phn ng. D. thm cht xc tc vo h phn ng.

Cu 58. (C-09) 7: Cho cc cn bng sau: (1) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) SO3 (k) (2) N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k) (3) CO2 (k) + H2 (k) CO (k) + H2O (k) (4) 2HI (k) H2 (k)+ I2 (k) Khi thay i p sut, nhm gm cc cn bng ho hc u khng b chuyn dch l

A. (1) v (2). B. (1) v (3). C. (3) v (4). D. (2) v (4). Cu 59. (C-10) 29: Cho cn bng ho hc: PCl5 (k) PCl3 (k) + Cl2 (k); H > 0.

Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi



A. thm PCl3 vo h p. B. tng nhit ca h p. C. tng p sut ca h p. D. thm Cl2 vo h p

Cu 60. (B-11) 27: Cho cn bng ho hc sau: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k); H < 0.

Cho cc bin php: (1) tng nhit , (2) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, (3) h nhit , (4)

dng thm cht xc tc V2O5, (5) gim nng SO3, (6) gim p sut chung ca h phn ng. Nhng

bin php no lm cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun?

A. (1), (2), (4), (5). B. (2), (3), (5). C. (2), (3), (4), (6). D. (1), (2), (4).

Cu 61. (B-12) 23: Cho phn ng: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k); H = 92 kJ. Hai bin php u

lm cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun l A. gim nhit v gim p sut. B. tng nhit v tng p sut. C. gim nhit v tng p sut. D. tng nhit v gim p sut.

Cu 62. (C-12) 23: Cho cn bng ha hc: CaCO3(rn) CaO (rn) + CO2 (kh)

Bit phn ng thun l phn ng thu nhit. Tc ng no sau y vo h cn bng cn bng

cho chuyn dch theo chiu thun?

A. Tng nng kh CO2. B. Tng p sut. C. Gim nhit . D. Tng nhit .

Cu 63. (A-13) 19: Cho cc cn bng ha hc sau:

(a) H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k). (b) 2NO2 (k) N2O4 (k).

(c) 3H2 (k) + N2 (k) 2NH3 (k). (d) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k).

nhit khng i, khi thay i p sut chung ca mi h cn bng, cn bng ha hc no trn khng b chuyn dch?

A. (c). B. (b). C. (a). D. (d).

Cu 64. (B-13) 54: Trong mt bnh kn c cn bng ha hc sau: 2NO2 (k) N2O4 (k). T khi hi ca

hn hp kh trong bnh so vi H2 nhit T1 bng 27,6 v nhit T2 bng 34,5.

Bit T1 > T2. Pht biu no sau y v cn bng trn l ng?

A. Khi tng nhit , p sut chung ca h cn bng gim. B. Khi gim nhit , p sut chung ca h cn bng tng. C. Phn ng thun l phn ng ta nhit. D. Phn ng nghch l phn ng ta nhit.

Cu 65. (C-13) 9: Trong bnh kn c h cn bng ha hc sau: CO2 (k) + H2 (k) CO (k) + H2O (k); H > 0.

Xt cc tc ng sau n h cn bng: (a) tng nhit ; (b) thm mt lng hi nc; (c) gim p sut chung ca h; (d) dng cht xc tc;

(e) thm mt lng CO2.

Trong nhng tc ng trn, cc tc ng lm cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun l: A. (a) v (e). B. (b), (c) v (d). C. (d) v (e). D. (a), (c) v (e).



3. S IN LY- pH DUNG DCH

3.1. Cht in ly, axit, ba z, lng tnh

Cu 1. (B-08) 15: Cho dy cc cht: KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, C2H5OH, C12H22O11 (saccaroz),

CH3COOH, Ca(OH)2, CH3COONH4. S cht in li l

A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2. Cu 2. (B-10) 53: Dd axit fomic 0,007M c pH = 3. Kt lun no sau y khng ng?

A. Khi pha long 10 ln dd trn th thu c dd c pH = 4. B. in li ca axit fomic s gim khi thm dd HCl. C. Khi pha long dd trn th in li ca axit fomic tng.

D. in li ca axit fomic trong dd trn l 14,29%. Cu 3. (C-09) 29: Dy gm cc cht va tan trong dd HCl, va tan trong dd NaOH l:

A. NaHCO3, MgO, Ca(HCO3)2. B. NaHCO3, ZnO, Mg(OH)2. C. NaHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, Al2O3. D. Mg(OH)2, Al2O3, Ca(HCO3)2

Cu 4. (A-08) 17: Cho cc cht: Al, Al2O3, Al2(SO4) 3, Zn(OH)2, NaHS, K2SO3, (NH4) 2CO3. S cht u p c vi dd HCl, dd NaOH l A. 4. B. 5. C. 7. D. 6.

Cu 5. (B-11) 45: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C

bao nhiu cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH?

A. 3. B. 5. C. 4. D. 2.

Cu 6. (A-12) 33: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, Na2SO4. S cht trong dy va

phn ng c vi dung dch HCl, va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2.

Cu 7. (A-07)Cho dy Ca(HCO3)2, NH4Cl, (NH4)2CO3, ZnSO4, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2.S cht c tnh cht lng tnh l A. 4. B. 5. C. 2. D. 3.

Cu 8. (A-11) 22: Cho cc cht: NaOH, Sn(OH)2, Pb(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3. S cht c tnh cht

lng tnh l

A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1. Cu 9. (C-07) 5: Trong s cc dd: Na2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NaHSO4, C6H5ONa, nhng dd c pH > 7 l

A. Na2CO3, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa. B. Na2CO3, NH4Cl, KCl. C. KCl, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa. D. NH4Cl, CH3COONa, NaHSO4.

Cu 10. (C-08) 27: Cho cc dd c cng nng : Na2CO3 (1), H2SO4 (2), HCl (3), KNO3 (4). Gi tr pH ca cc dd c sp xp theo chiu tng t tri sang phi l:

A. (3), (2), (4), (1). B. (4), (1), (2), (3). C. (1), (2), (3), (4). D. (2), (3), (4), (1).

Cu 11. (C-13) 52: Dung dch cht no di y c mi trng kim? A. NH4Cl. B. Al(NO3)3. C. CH3COONa. D. HCl.

3.2. Phn ng ion trong dung dch

Cu 12. (B-07) 6: Trong cc dd: HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2, dy gm cc cht u t/d c vi dd Ba(HCO3)2 l: A. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH) 2, KHSO4, Na2SO4. C. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH) 2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3) 2.

Cu 13. (A-13) 37: Dy cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 l:

A. HNO3, NaCl v Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH)2 v KNO3.

C. NaCl, Na2SO4 v Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH)2 v Na2SO4. Cu 14. (C -14) 44: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch sau: HNO3,

Na2SO4, Ba(OH)2, NaHSO4. S trng hp c phn ng xy ra l

A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4. Cu 15. (B-10) 8: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dd: CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2CO3, KHSO4, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl. S trng hp c to ra kt ta l



A. 4. B. 7. C. 5. D. 6. Cu 16. (A-09) 5: Cho bn hh, mi hh gm hai cht rn c s mol bng nhau: Na2O v Al2O3; Cu v FeCl3; BaCl2 v CuSO4; Ba v NaHCO3. S hh c th tan hon ton trong nc (d) ch to ra dd l A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4.

Cu 17. (B-07) 25: Hh X cha Na2O, NH4Cl, NaHCO3 v BaCl2 c s mol mi cht u bng nhau. Cho hh X vo H2O (d), un nng, dd thu c cha A. NaCl, NaOH, BaCl2. B. NaCl, NaOH. C. NaCl, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, BaCl2. D. NaCl.

Cu 18. (C-09) 33: Dy gm cc ion (khng k n s phn li ca nc) cng tn ti trong mt dd l: A. Al3+, NH4+, Br-, OH- B. Mg2+, K+, SO42-, PO43-

C. H+, Fe3+, NO3-, SO42- D. Ag+, Na+, NO3-, Cl-

Cu 19. (C-10) 7: Dy gm cc ion cng tn ti trong mt dd l: A. Al3+, PO43, Cl, Ba2+. B. Ca2+, Cl, Na+, CO32. C. K+, Ba2+, OH, Cl. D. Na+, K+, OH, HCO3.

Cu 20. (C-13) 4: Dy gm cc ion cng tn ti trong mt dung dch l:

A. K+; Ba2+; Cl v NO3-

. B. Cl; Na+; NO3- v Ag+.

C. K+; Mg2+; OH v NO3-

. D. Cu2+; Mg2+; H+

v OH.

Cu 21. (A-13) 30: Cht no sau y khng to kt ta khi cho vo dung dch AgNO3?

A. HNO3. B. HCl. C. K3PO4. D. KBr. Cu 22. (C-08) 10: Cho dy cc cht: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NaCl, MgCl2, FeCl2, AlCl3. S cht trong dy t/d vi lng d dd Ba(OH)2 to thnh kt ta l

A. 5. B. 4. C. 1. D. 3. Cu 23. (A-09)41:C nm dd ng ring bit trong nm ng nghim:(NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, Cr(NO3)3, K2CO3, Al(NO3)3. Cho dd Ba(OH)2 n d vo nm dd trn. Sau khi p kt thc, s ng nghim c kt ta l A. 4. B. 2. C. 5. D. 3.

Cu 24. (C-08) 30: Cho dy cc cht: KOH, Ca(NO3)2, SO3, NaHSO4, Na2SO3, K2SO4. S cht trong dy to thnh kt ta khi p vi dd BaCl2 l A. 4. B. 6. C. 3. D. 2.

Cu 25. (A-09) 8: Dy gm cc cht u t/d c vi dd HCl long l: A. KNO3, CaCO3, Fe(OH)3. B. FeS, BaSO4, KOH. C. AgNO3, (NH4)2CO3, CuS. D. Mg(HCO3) 2, HCOONa, CuO.

Cu 26. (A-14): Nh t t n d dung dch NaOH long vo mi dung dch sau: FeCl3, CuCl2, AlCl3, FeSO4. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s trng hp thu c kt ta l

A. 4 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1 Cu 27. (B-10) 14: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?

A. Trong cc dd: HCl, H2SO4, H2S c cng nng 0,01M, dd H2S c pH ln nht. B. Nh dd NH3 t t ti d vo dd CuSO4, thu c kt ta xanh. C. Dd Na2CO3 lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn sang mu hng. D. Nh dd NH3 t t ti d vo dd AlCl3, thu c kt ta trng.

Cu 28. (B-14) : Cho phn ng ha hc : 2NaOH HCl NaCl H O

Phn ng ha hc no sau y c cng phng trnh ion thu gn vi phn ng trn?

A. 2 22KOH FeCl Fe OH 2KCl B. 3 2 3 2NaOH NaHCO Na CO H O

C. 4 3 2NaOH NH Cl NaCl NH H O D. 3 3 2KOH HNO KNO H O

Cu 29. (A-10) 31: Cho cc cht: NaHCO3, CO, Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3, HF, Cl2, NH4Cl. S cht t/d c vi dd NaOH long nhit thng l

A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. D. 6. Cu 30. (B-09) 28: Cho cc p ha hc sau:

(1) (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 (2) CuSO4 + Ba(NO3) 2 (3) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 (4) H2SO4 + BaSO3 (5) (NH4) 2SO4 + Ba(OH) 2 (6) Fe2 (SO4)3 + Ba(NO3) 2 Cc p u c cng mt PT ion rt gn l: A. (1), (2), (3), (6). B. (1), (3), (5), (6). C. (2), (3), (4), (6). D. (3), (4), (5), (6).

Cu 31. (A-12) 45: Cho cc phn ng sau:

(a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S

(b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S

(c) 2AlCl3 + 3Na2S + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S + 6NaCl



(d) KHSO4 + KHS K2SO4 + H2S

(e) BaS + H2SO4 (long) BaSO4 + H2S

S phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S2- + 2H+ H2S l A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4.

Cu 32. (B-12) 57: Dung dch cht X khng lm i mu qu tm; dung dch cht Y lm qu tm ha xanh. Trn ln hai dung dch trn thu c kt ta. Hai cht X v Y tng ng l

A. KNO3 v Na2CO3. B. Ba(NO3)2 v Na2CO3. C. Na2SO4 v BaCl2. D. Ba(NO3)2 v K2SO4.

Cu 33. (A-14): trung ha 20 ml dung dch HCl 0,1 M cn 10 ml dung dch NaOH nng x mol/l. Gi tr ca x l

A. 0,1 B. 0,3 C. 0,2 D. 0,4 Cu 34. (C-09) 20: Cho dd cha 0,1 mol (NH4)2CO3 t/d vi dd cha 34,2 gam Ba(OH)2. Sau p thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l

A. 19,7. B. 39,4. C. 17,1. D. 15,5.

3.3. Bi ton pH Cu 35. (A-08) 28: Trn ln V ml dd NaOH 0,01M vi V ml dd HCl 0,03 M c 2V ml dd Y. Dd Y c pH l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1.

Cu 36. (B-07) 33: Trn 100 ml dd (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dd (gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dd X. Gi tr pH ca dd X l A. 7. B. 2. C. 1. D. 6.

Cu 37. (B-09) 6: Trn 100 ml dd hh gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml dd hh gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH) 2 0,1M, thu c dd X. Dd X c pH l A. 13,0. B. 1,2. C. 1,0. D. 12,8.

Cu 38. (B-08) 28: Trn 100 ml dd c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dd NaOH nng a

(mol/l) thu c 200 ml dd c pH = 12. Gi tr ca a l (bit trong mi dd [H+

][OH-] = 10

-14)

A. 0,15. B. 0,30. C. 0,03. D. 0,12. Cu 39. (C-11) 20: Cho a lt dung dch KOH c pH = 12,0 vo 8,00 lt dung dch HCl c pH = 3,0 thu c dung dch Y c pH =11,0. Gi tr ca a l

A. 1,60. B. 0,80. C. 1,78. D. 0,12. Cu 40. (A-07) 21: Dd HCl v dd CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca hai dd tng ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li) A. y = x - 2. B. y = 2x. C. y = 100x. D. y = x + 2.

Cu 41. (A-07) 25: Cho m gam hh Mg, Al vo 250 ml dd X cha hh axit HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dd Y (coi th tch dd khng i). Dd Y c pH l A. 7. B. 1. C. 2. D. 6.

Cu 42. (B-13) 49: Trong s cc dung dch c cng nng 0,1M di y, dung dch cht no c gi tr pH nh nht?

A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. H2SO4. D. Ba(OH)2.

3.4. Tnh theo phng trnh ion, nh lut bo ton in tch

Cu 43. (A-10) 36: Dd X c cha: 0,07 mol Na+; 0,02 mol SO42- v x mol OH- . Dd Y c cha ClO4-, NO3- , v y mol H+; tng s mol ClO4-v NO3- l 0,04. Trn X v Y c 100 ml dd Z. Dd Z c pH (b qua s in li ca H2O) l

A. 1. B. 12. C. 13. D. 2. Cu 44. (B-14): Cho mui X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c dung dch cha hai cht tan. Mt khc, cho a gam dung dch mui X tc dng vi a gam dung dch Ba(OH)2, thu c 2a gam dung dch Y. Cng thc ca X l

A. KHS. B. NaHSO4. C. NaHS. D. KHSO3 Cu 45. (A-10) 30: Cho dd X gm: 0,007 mol Na+; 0,003 mol Ca2+; 0,006 mol Cl; 0,006 mol HCO3 v 0,001 mol NO3-. loi b ht Ca2+ trong X cn mt lng va dd cha a gam Ca(OH)2. Gi tr ca a l



A. 0,180. B. 0,120. C. 0,444. D. 0,222. Cu 46. (C-12) 22: Dung dch E gm x mol Ca2+ , y mol Ba2+, z mol HCO3- . Cho t t dung dch Ca(OH)2 nng a mol/l vo dung dch E n khi thu c lng kt ta ln nht th va ht V lt dung dch Ca(OH)2. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr V, a, x, y l

A. V = 2a(x+y). B. V = a(2x+y) C. V= (x+2y)/2 D. V= (x+y)/a Cu 47. (B-10) 45: Dd X cha cc ion: Ca2+, Na+, HCO3 v Cl, trong s mol ca ion Cl l 0,1. Cho 1/2 dd X p vi dd NaOH (d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dd X cn li p vi dd Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn dd X th thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l

A. 9,21. B. 9,26. C. 8,79. D. 7,47. Cu 48. (A-10) 24: Cho m gam NaOH vo 2 lt dd NaHCO3 nng a mol/l, thu c 2 lt dd X. Ly 1 lt dd X t/d vi dd BaCl2 (d) thu c 11,82 gam kt ta. Mt khc, cho 1 lt dd X vo dd CaCl2 (d) ri un nng, sau khi kt thc cc p thu c 7,0 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a, m tng ng l

A. 0,08 v 4,8. B. 0,04 v 4,8. C. 0,14 v 2,4. D. 0,07 v 3

Cu 49. (B-11) 11: Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol H+, z mol Al3+, t NO3- mol v 0,02 mol SO42- Cho 120 ml dung dch Y gm KOH 1,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo X, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 3,732 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca z, t ln lt l

A. 0,020 v 0,012. B. 0,012 v 0,096. C. 0,020 v 0,120. D. 0,120 v 0,020. Cu 50. (C-07) 31: Mt dd cha 0,02 mol Cu2+, 0,03 mol K+, x mol Cl v y mol SO42. Tng khi lng cc mui tan c trong dd l 5,435 gam. Gi tr ca x v y ln lt l

A. 0,03 v 0,02. B. 0,05 v 0,01. C. 0,01 v 0,03. D. 0,02 v 0,05. Cu 51. (C-09) 1: Nh t t 0,25 lt dd NaOH 1,04M vo dd gm 0,024 mol FeCl3; 0,016 molAl2(SO4)3 v 0,04 mol H2SO4 thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l

A. 2,568. B. 1,560. C. 4,128. D. 5,064. Cu 52. (C-07) 6: Khi cho 100ml dd KOH 1M vo 100ml dd HCl thu c dd c cha 6,525 gam cht tan. Nng mol (hoc mol/l) ca HCl trong dd dng l

A. 0,75M. B. 1M. C. 0,25M. D. 0,5M. Cu 53. (C-08) 12: Dd X cha cc ion: Fe3+, SO42-, NH4+, Cl-. Chia dd X thnh hai phn bng nhau:

- Phn mt t/d vi lng d dd NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta;

- Phn hai t/d vi lng d dd BaCl2, thu c 4,66 gam kt ta. Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dd X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi) A. 3,73 gam. B. 7,04 gam. C. 7,46 gam. D. 3,52 gam.

Cu 54. (B-14): Hn hp X gm hai mui R2CO3 v RHCO3. Chia 44,7 gam X thnh ba phn bng nhau:

- Phn mt tc dng hon ton vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 35,46 gam kt ta. - Phn hai tc dng hon ton vi dung dch BaCl2 d, thu c 7,88 gam kt ta. - Phn ba tc dng ti a vi V ml dung dch KOH 2M.

Gi tr ca V l A. 180 B.200. C.110. D. 70.

Cu 55. (B-12) 22: Mt dung dch gm: 0,01 mol Na+; 0,02 mol Ca2+; 0,02 mol HCO3- v a mol ion X (b qua s in li ca nc). Ion X v gi tr ca a l A. NO3- v 0,03 B. Cl- v 0,01 C. CO32- v 0,03 D. OH- v 0,03

Cu 56. (A-13) 12: Cho 1,37 gam Ba vo 1 lt dung dch CuSO4 0,01M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy

ra hon ton, khi lng kt ta thu c l

A. 2,33 gam. B. 1,71 gam. C. 3,31 gam. D. 0,98 gam.

Cu 57. (B-13) 40: Dung dch X cha 0,12 mol Na+; x mol SO42- ; 0,12 mol Cl v 0,05 mol NH4+ .

Cho 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo X n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc b kt ta,

thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y, thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 7,190. B. 7,705. C. 7,875. D. 7,020.

Cu 58. (B-14): Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol K+; 0,2 mol Mg2+; 0,1 mol Na+; 0,2 mol Cl- v a mol Y2-

. C cn dung dch X, thu c m gam mui khan. Ion Y2- v gi tr ca m l

A. 2

4SO

v 56,5. B. 2

3CO

v 30,1. C. 2

4SO

v 37,3. D. 2

3CO

v 42,1.

Cu 59. (A-14) 29: Dung dch X cha 0,1 mol ; 0,3 mol ; 0,4 mol v a mol . un dung dch X n cn thu c mui khan c khi lng l



A. 49,4 gam B. 28,6 gam C. 37,4 gam D. 23,2 gam

Cu 60. (C-13) 32: Cho 50 ml dung dch HNO3 1M vo 100 ml dung dch KOH nng x mol/l, sau

phn ng thu c dung dch ch cha mt cht tan duy nht. Gi tr ca x l

A. 0,5. B. 0,3. C. 0,8. D. l,0.



4. PHI KIM

4.1. OXI LU HUNH

Cu 1. (A-08) 12: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta iu ch oxi bng cch A. in phn nc. B. nhit phn Cu(NO3) 2. C. nhit phn KClO3 c xc tc MnO2. D. chng ct phn on khng kh lng. Cu 2. (B-09) 7: Khi nhit phn hon ton 100 gam mi cht sau: KClO3 (xc tc MnO2), KMnO4, KNO3 v AgNO3. Cht to ra lng O2 ln nht l

A. KClO3. B. KMnO4. C. KNO3. D. AgNO3. Cu 3. (B-11) 34: Nhit phn 4,385 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 v KMnO4, thu c O2 v m

gam cht rn gm K2MnO4, MnO2 v KCl. Ton b lng O2 tc dng ht vi cacbon nng ,

thu c 0,896 lt hn hp kh Y (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 16. Thnh phn % theo khi

lng ca KMnO4 trong X l

A. 74,92%. B. 72,06%. C. 27,94%. D. 62,76%. Cu 4. ((B-09) 46: ng dng no sau y khng phi ca ozon? A. Ty trng tinh bt, du n. B. Cha su rng. C. iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim. D. St trng nc sinh hot Cu 5. (B-14): Tri cy c bo qun lu hn trong mi trng v trng. Trong thc t, ngi ta s dng nc ozon bo qun tri cy. ng dng trn da vo tnh cht no sau y?

A. Ozon tr v mt ha hc. B. Ozon l cht kh c mi c trng. C. Ozon l cht c tnh oxi ha mnh. D. Ozon khng tc dng c vi nc.

Cu 6. (C-10) 19: Nguyn t S ng vai tr va l cht kh, va l cht oxi ho trong p no sau y?

A. S + 2Na ot Na2S.

B. C. S + 6HNO3 (c) ot H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O

C. 4S + 6NaOH(c) ot 2Na2S + Na2S2O3 + 3H2O.

D. D. S + 3F2 ot SF6.

Cu 7. (C-14): Cho cc phn ng ha hc sau :

(a) S + O2 0t SO2 (b) S + 3F2

0t SF6

(c) S + Hg HgS (d) S + HNO3 (c) 0t H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O

S phn ng trong S th hin tnh kh l : A. 2 B. 3 C. 1 D. 4 Cu 8. (C-08) 5: Trng hp khng xy ra p ha hc l

A. 3O2 + 2H2S to 2H2O + 2SO2. B. FeCl2 + H2S FeS + 2HCl. C. O3 + 2KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2. D. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O.

Cu 9. (C-13) Thuc th no di y phn bit c kh O2 vi kh O3 bng phng php

ha hc? A. Dung dch KI + h tinh bt. B. Dung dch NaOH. C. Dung dch H2SO4. D. Dung dch CuSO4.

Cu 10. (A-10) 46: Cht c dng ty trng giy v bt giy trong cng nghip l A.N2O. B. CO2. C. SO2. D. NO2.

Cu 11. (A-14): Kh X lm c nc vi trong v c dng lm cht ty trng bt g trong cng nghip giy. Cht X l A. CO2 B. O3 C. NH3 D. SO2

Cu 12. C-07) 3: SO2 lun th hin tnh kh trong cc p vi A. H2S, O2, nc Br2. B. dd NaOH, O2, dd KMnO4. C. dd KOH, CaO, nc Br2. D. O2, nc Br2, dd KMnO4.

Cu 13. (C -14): Kh no sau y c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom? A. N2. B. SO2. C. CO2. D. H2.

Cu 14. (A-12) 34: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO2?

A. Dung dch BaCl2, CaO, nc brom. B. Dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch

KMnO4.



C. O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4. D. H2S, O2, nc brom.

Cu 15. (B-14): Nung nng hn hp bt X gm a mol Fe v b mol S trong kh tr, hiu sut phn ng bng 50%, thu c hn hp rn Y. Cho Y vo dung dch HCl d, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi so vi H2 bng 5. T l a : b bng

A. 2 : 1. B. 1 : 1. C. 3 : 1. D. 3 : 2. Cu 16. (C-09) 26: Cht kh X tan trong nc to ra mt dd lm chuyn mu qu tm thnh v c th c dng lm cht ty mu. Kh X l

A. NH3. B. CO2. C. SO2. D. O3.

Cu 17. (C-11) 59: Dn mu kh thi ca mt nh my qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2 d th thy

xut hin kt ta mu en. Hin tng chng t trong kh thi nh my c kh no sau y?

A. NH3. B. CO2. C. SO2. D. H2S. Cu 18. (C-08) 38: Trn 5,6 gam bt st vi 2,4 gam bt lu hunh ri nung nng (trong iu kin khng c khng kh), thu c hh rn M. Cho M t/d vi lng d dd HCl, gii phng hh kh X v cn li mt phn khng tan G. t chy hon ton X v G cn va V lt kh O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l

A. 2,80. B. 3,36. C. 3,08. D. 4,48. Cu 19. (C-10) 27: Cho 0,015 mol mt loi hp cht oleum vo nc thu c 200 ml dung dch X. trung ho 100ml dd X cn dng 200 ml dd NaOH 0,15M. Phn trm v khi lng ca nguyn t lu hunh trong oleum trn l

A. 32,65%. B. 35,95%. C. 37,86%. D. 23,97%.

Cu 20. (A-14): Ha tan ht 1,69 gam oleum c cng thc H2SO4.3SO3 vo nc d. Trung ha dung dch thu c cn V ml dung dch KOH 1M . Gi tr ca V l

A. 10 B. 40 C. 20 D. 30

Cu 21. (C-13) 16: Dung dch H2SO4 long phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no

sau y? A. Al2O3, Ba(OH)2, Ag. B. CuO, NaCl, CuS.

C. FeCl3, MgO, Cu. D. BaCl2, Na2CO3, FeS.

Cu 22. (A-13) 4: Trong iu kin thch hp, xy ra cc phn ng sau:

(a) 2H2SO4 + C 2SO2 + CO2 + 2H2O. (b) H2SO4 + Fe(OH)2 FeSO4 + 2H2O.

(c) 4H2SO4 + 2FeO Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O. (d) 6H2SO4 + 2Fe Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O.

Trong cc phn ng trn, phn ng xy ra vi dung dch H2SO4 long l

A. (b). B. (a). C. (d). D. (c).

4.2. HALOGEN

Cu 23. (A-11) 2: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Bn knh nguyn t ca clo ln hn bn knh nguyn t ca flo.

B. m in ca brom ln hn m in ca iot.

C. Tnh kh ca ion Br ln hn tnh kh ca ion Cl

.

D. Tnh axit ca HF mnh hn tnh axit ca HCl. Cu 24. (A-10) 28: Pht biu khng ng l:

A. Tt c cc nguyn t halogen u c cc s oxi ho: -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7 trong cc hp cht. B. Trong cng nghip, photpho c sn xut bng cch nung hh qung photphorit, ct v than cc

1200oC trong l in. C. Kim cng, than ch, fuleren l cc dng th hnh ca cacbon. D. Hiro sunfua b oxi ho bi nc clo nhit thng.

Cu 25. (C-11) 26: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Trong cc hp cht, ngoi s oxi ho -1, flo v clo cn c cc s oxi ho +1, +3, +5, +7. B. Mui AgI khng tan trong nc, mui AgF tan trong nc. C. Flo c tnh oxi ha mnh hn clo. D. Dung dch HF ha tan c SiO2.



Cu 26. (A-14) : Cho phn ng : NaX (rn) + H2SO4 (c) 0t NaHSO4 + HX (kh) .

Cc hiro halogenua (HX) c th iu ch theo phn ng trn l : A. HCl, HBr v HI. B. HF v HCl C. HBr v HI D. HF, HCl, HBr v HI

Cu 27. (B-13) 5: Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) Trong cc phn ng ha hc, flo ch th hin tnh oxi ha.

(b) Axit flohiric l axit yu.

(c) Dung dch NaF long c dng lm thuc chng su rng.

(d) Trong hp cht, cc halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) u c s oxi ha: -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7.

(e) Tnh kh ca cc ion halogenua tng dn theo th t: F

, Cl

, Br

, I

.

Trong cc pht biu trn, s pht biu ng l A. 3. B. 5. C. 2. D. 4.

Cu 28. (C-10) 33: Pht biu no sau y ng? A. Iot c bn knh nguyn t ln hn brom. C. Dd NaF p vi dd AgNO3 sinh ra AgF kt

ta. B. Flo c tnh oxi ho yu hn clo. D. Axit HBr c tnh axit yu hn axit HCl.

Cu 29. (C-11) 40: Mc phn cc ca lin kt ha hc trong cc phn t c sp xp theo th t gim dn t tri sang phi l: A. HI, HCl, HBr. B. HCl, HBr, HI. C. HI, HBr, HCl. D. HBr, HI, HCl

Cu 30. (A-07) 16: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta thng iu ch clo bng cch A. in phn nng chy NaCl. B. cho dd HCl c t/d vi MnO2, un nng. C. cho F2 y Cl2 ra khi dd NaCl. D. in phn dd NaCl c mng ngn.

Cu 31. (B-14): Cho hnh v m t th nghim iu ch kh Cl2 t MnO2 v dung dch HCl:

Kh Cl2 sinh ra thng ln hi nc v hiro clorua. thu c kh Cl2 kh th bnh (1) v bnh (2) ln lt ng

A. dung dch NaOH v dung dch H2SO4 c. B. dung dch H2SO4 c v dung dch NaCl. C. dung dch H2SO4 c v dung dch AgNO3 . D. dung dch NaCl v dung dch H2SO4 c.

Cu 32. (C-07) 38: Cc kh c th cng tn ti trong mt hh l A. NH3 v HCl. B. H2S v Cl2. C. Cl2 v O2. D. HI v O3.

Cu 33. (C -14): Cho 23,7 gam KMNO4 phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl c (d), thu c V

lt kh Cl2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l

A. 3,36. B. 6,72. C. 8,40. D. 5,60. Cu 34. (A-10) 34: Hh kh no sau y khng tn ti nhit thng?

A. CO v O2. B. Cl2 v O2. C. H2S v N2. D. H2 v F2. Cu 35. (C-09) 8: Cht dng lm kh kh Cl2 m l

A. Na2SO3 khan. B. dd NaOH c C. dd H2SO4 m c. D. CaO. Cu 36. (C-11) 48: Kh no sau y khng b oxi ho bi nc Gia-ven?

A. SO2. B. CO2. C. HCHO. D. H2S Cu 37. (C-09) 9: phn bit CO2 v SO2 ch cn dng thuc th l

A. nc brom. B. CaO. C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd NaOH Cu 38. (C -14): Dn 4,48 lt hn hp kh gm N2 v Cl2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Sau khi phn

ng xy ra hon ton, cn li 1,12 lt kh thot ra. Bit th tch cc kh o iu kin tiu chun. Phn trm th tch ca Cl2 trong hn hp trn l

A. 25,00%. B. 88,38%. C. 11,62% D. 75,00%.

Cu 39. (B-07) 14: Cho 13,44 lt kh clo ( ktc) i qua 2,5 lt dd KOH 100o

C. Sau khi p xy ra



hon ton, thu c 37,25 gam KCl. Dd KOH trn c nng l (cho Cl = 35,5; K = 39) A. 0,24M. B. 0,48M. C. 0,4M. D. 0,2M

Cu 40. (B-09) 24: Cho dd cha 6,03 gam hh gm hai mui NaX v NaY (X, Y l hai nguyn t c trong t nhin, hai chu k lin tip thuc nhm VIIA, s hiu nguyn t ZX < ZY) vo dd AgNO3 (d), thu c

8,61 gam kt ta. Phn trm khi lng ca NaX trong hh ban u l A. 58,2%. B. 41,8%. C. 52,8%. D. 47,2%.

Cu 41. (A-09) 7: Nu cho 1 mol mi cht: CaOCl2, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, MnO2 ln lt p vi lng d dd HCl c, cht to ra lng kh Cl2 nhiu nht l A. KMnO4. B. MnO2 C. CaOCl2. D. K2Cr2O7.

Cu 42. (A-09) 38: Trng hp no sau y khng xy ra p ho hc? A. Sc kh Cl2 vo dd FeCl2. B. Sc kh H2S vo dd CuCl2. C. Sc kh H2S vo dd FeCl2. D. Cho Fe vo dd H2SO4 long, ngui.

Cu 43. (B-08) 47: Cho cc p: (1) O3+ dd KI (2) F2+ H2O ot

(3) MnO2 + HCl c ot (4) Cl2+ dd H2S

Cc p to ra n cht l: A. (1), (2), (3). B. (1), (3), (4). C. (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (4).

Cu 44. (A-12) 23: Hn hp X c khi lng 82,3 gam gm KClO3, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl. Nhit

phn hon ton X thu c 13,44 lt O2 (ktc), cht rn Y gm CaCl2 v KCl. Ton b Y tc dng

va vi 0,3 lt dung dch K2CO3 1M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 5 ln

lng KCl trong X. Phn trm khi lng KCl trong X l

A. 12,67%. B. 18,10%. C. 25,62%. D. 29,77%.

4.3. NIT PHOTPHO

Cu 45. (A-08) 40: Cho cc p sau:

(1) Cu(NO3 ) 2 ot ( 2 ) N H 4 N O 2

ot

( 3 ) N H 3 + O 2 ot ,Pt

( 4 ) N H 3 + C l 2 ot

(5) NH4Cl ot (6) N H 3 + C u O

ot

Cc p u to kh N2 l: A. (2), (4), (6). B. (3), (5), (6). C. (1), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (5).

Cu 46. (B-08) 31: Cho cc p sau: H2S + O2 (d) otKh X + H2O

NH3 + O2 o

850 ,Ptkh Y + H2O NH4HCO3 + HCl long Kh Z + NH4Cl + H2O

Cc kh X, Y, Z thu c ln lt l: A. SO3, NO, NH3. B. SO2, N2, NH3. C. SO2, NO, CO2. D. SO3, N2, CO2.

Cu 47. (C-10) 44: Sn phm ca phn ng nhit phn hon ton AgNO3 l: A. Ag2O, NO, O2. B. Ag2O, NO2, O2. C. Ag, NO, O2. D. Ag, NO2, O2.

Cu 48. (C-08) 9: Nhit phn hon ton 34,65 gam hh gm KNO3 v Cu(NO3)2, thu c hh kh X (t khi ca X so vi kh hiro bng 18,8). Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 trong hh ban u l A. 8,60 gam. B. 20,50 gam. C. 11,28 gam. D. 9,40 gam.

Cu 49. (B-13) 7: Ha tan hon ton 1,28 gam Cu vo 12,6 gam dung dch HNO3 60% thu c

dung dch X (khng c ion NH4+ ). Cho X tc dng hon ton vi 105 ml dung dch KOH 1M, sau lc b kt ta c dung dch Y. C cn Y c cht rn Z. Nung Z n khi lng khng i, thu c 8,78 gam cht rn. Nng phn trm ca Cu(NO3)2 trong X l

A. 28,66%. B. 29,89%. C. 30,08%. D. 27,09%. Cu 50. (A-09) 17: Nung 6,58g Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn khng cha khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu c 4,96g cht rn v hh kh X. Hp th hon ton X vo nc c 300 ml dd Y. Dd Y c pH bng A. 4. B. 2. C. 1. D. 3.

Cu 51. (B-07) 29: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta thng iu ch HNO3 t A. NaNO2 v H2SO4 c. B. NaNO3 v H2SO4 c. C. NH3 v O2. D. NaNO3 v HCl c.



Cu 52. (A-07) 44: Trong phng th nghim, iu ch mt lng nh kh X tinh khit, ngi ta un nng dd amoni nitrit bo ho. Kh X l A. NO. B. NO2. C. N2O. D. N2.

Cu 53. (A-11) 59: Khng kh trong phng th nghim b nhim bi kh clo. kh c, c th xt vo khng kh dung dch no sau y?

A. Dung dch NaOH. B. Dung dch NaCl. C. Dung dch NH3. D. Dung dch H2SO4 long.

Cu 54. (B-13) 51: Ha tan mt kh X vo nc, thu c dung dch Y. Cho t t dung dch Y n d vo dung dch ZnSO4, ban u thy c kt ta trng, sau kt ta tan ra. Kh X l

A. NO2. B. HCl. C. SO2. D. NH3.

Cu 55. (A-13) 42: Th nghim vi dung dch HNO3 thng sinh ra kh c NO2. hn ch kh

NO2 thot ra t ng nghim, ngi ta nt ng nghim bng:

(a) bng kh. (b) bng c tm nc.

(c) bng c tm nc vi. (d) bng c tm gim n.

Trong 4 bin php trn, bin php c hiu qu nht l A. (b). B. (d). C. (c). D. (a).

Cu 56. (C-11) nhn ra ion NO3- trong dung dch Ba(NO3)2, ngi ta un nng nh dd vi: A. kim loi Cu. B. dung dch H2SO4 long. C. kim loi Cu v dung dch Na2SO4. D. kim loi Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long.

Cu 57. (A-10) 22: Hh kh X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi He bng 1,8. un nng X mt thi gian trong bnh kn (c bt Fe lm xc tc), thu c hh kh Y c t khi so vi He bng 2. Hiu sut ca p tng hp NH3 l

A. 25%. B. 50%. C. 36%. D. 40%. Cu 58. (A-10) 60: Cho 0,448 lt kh NH3 (ktc) i qua ng s ng 16 gam CuO nung nng, thu c cht rn X (gi s p xy ra hon ton). Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l

A. 85,88%. B. 14,12%. C. 87,63%. D. 12,37%. Cu 59. (B-14): Nung nng bnh kn cha a mol hn hp NH3 v O2 (c xc tc Pt) chuyn ton b NH3 thnh NO. Lm ngui v thm nc vo bnh, lc u thu c 1 lt dung dch HNO3 c pH = 1, cn li 0,25 mol kh O2. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca a l

A. 0,1 B. 0,4 C. 0,3 D. 0,2

Cu 60. (B-14): Trong cng nghip, sn xut axit H3PO4 c tinh khit v nng cao, ngi ta lm cch no sau y?

A. Cho dung dch H2SO4 c, nng tc dng vi qung apatit. B. t chy photpho trong oxi d, cho sn phm tc dng vi nc. C. Cho photpho tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng. D. Cho dung dch axit H2SO4 c, nng tc dng vi qung photphorit

Cu 61. (A-14): T 6,2 kg photpho iu ch c bao nhiu lt dung dch H3PO4 2M (hiu sut ton b qu trnh iu ch l 80%)

A. 100 lt B. 80 lt C. 40 lt D. 64 lt Cu 62. (B-14): Cho m gam P2O5 tc dng vi 253,5 ml dung dch NaOH 2M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X, thu c 3m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l

A. 21,30 B. 8,52 C. 12,78 D. 7,81

Phn bn ha hc

Cu 63. (C-09) 44: Phn bn nitrophotka (NPK) l hn hp ca

A. (NH4)2HPO4 v KNO3. B. NH4H2PO4 v KNO3. C. (NH4)3PO4 v KNO3. D. (NH4)2HPO4 v NaNO3p.

Cu 64. (B-08) 17: Thnh phn chnh ca qung photphorit l A. Ca3(PO4) 2. B. NH4H2PO4. C. Ca(H2PO4) 2. D. CaHPO4.

Cu 65. (B-09) 57: Phn bn no sau y lm tng chua ca t? A. KCl. B. NH4NO3. C. NaNO3. D. K2CO3.



Cu 66. (A-09) 49: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Phn ln cung cp nit ho hp cho cy di dng ion nitrat (NO3-) v ion amoni (NH4

+).

B. Amophot l hh cc mui (NH4) 2HPO4 v KNO3. C. Phn hh cha nit, photpho, kali c gi chung l phn NPK. D. Phn ur c cng thc l (NH4)2CO3. .

Cu 67. (B-13) 2: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Thnh phn chnh ca supephotphat kp gm hai mui Ca(H2PO4)2 v CaSO4.

B. Ur c cng thc l (NH2)2CO.

C. Supephotphat n ch c Ca(H2PO4)2.

D. Phn ln cung cp nit cho cy trng.

Cu 68. (C-12) 12: Thnh phn chnh ca phn bn phc hp amophot l A. Ca3(PO4)2 v (NH4)2HPO4. B. NH4NO3 v Ca(H2PO4)2. C. NH4H2PO4 v (NH4)2HPO4. D. NH4H2PO4 v Ca(H2PO4)2.

Cu 69. (B-10) 16: Mt loi phn supephotphat kp c cha 69,62% mui canxi ihirophotphat, cn li gm cc cht khng cha photpho. dinh dng ca loi phn ln ny l

A. 48,52%. B. 42,25%. C. 39,76%. D. 45,75%.

Cu 70. (A-12) 5: Mt loi phn kali c thnh phn chnh l KCl (cn li l cc tp cht khng cha kali) c sn xut t qung xinvinit c dinh dng 55%. Phn trm khi lng ca KCl trong loi phn kali l

A. 95,51%. B. 65,75%. C. 87,18%. D. 88,52%. Cu 71. (A-08) 39: Cho Cu v dd H2SO4 long t/d vi cht X (mt loi phn bn ha hc), thy thot ra kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh. Mt khc, khi X t/d vi dd NaOH th c kh mi khai thot ra. Cht X l A. amophot. B. ure. C. natri nitrat. D. amoni nitrat.

Cu 72. (B-08) 41: Cho 0,1 mol P2O5 vo dd cha 0,35 mol KOH. Dd thu c c cc cht: A. K3PO4, K2HPO4. B. K2HPO4, KH2PO4. C. K3PO4, KOH. D. H3PO4, KH2PO4.

Cu 73. (C-12) 49: Cho 1,42 gam P2O5 tc dng hon ton vi 50 ml dung dch KOH 1M, thu c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c cht rn khan gm

A. K3PO4 v KOH. B. K2HPO4 v K3PO4. C. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4. D. H3PO4 v KH2PO4.

Cu 74. (B-09) 49: Cho 100 ml dd KOH 1,5M vo 200 ml dd H3PO4 0,5M, thu c dd X. C cn dd X, thu c hh gm cc cht l A. KH2PO4 v K3PO4. B. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4. C. KH2PO4 v H3PO4. D. K3PO4 v KOH.

Cu 75. (B-10) 35: Cho s chuyn ho: P2O5 KOH X 3 4

H POY KOH Z Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. K3PO4, K2HPO4, KH2PO4. C. K3PO4, KH2PO4, K2HPO4. B. KH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4. D. KH2PO4, K3PO4, K2HPO4.

Cu 76. (A-13) 6: Oxi ha hon ton 3,1 gam photpho trong kh oxi d. Cho ton b sn phm vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong X l

A. 12,0 gam. B. 14,2 gam. C. 11,1 gam. D. 16,4 gam.

4.4. CACBON - SILIC Cu 77. (A-11) 8: Trong cc th nghim sau:

(1) Cho SiO2 tc dng vi axit HF.

(2) Cho kh SO2 tc dng vi kh H2S.

(3) Cho kh NH3 tc dng vi CuO un nng.

(4) Cho CaOCl2 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c.

(5) Cho Si n cht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.



(6) Cho kh O3 tc dng vi Ag.

(7) Cho dung dch NH4Cl tc dng vi dung dch NaNO2 un nng.

S th nghim to ra n cht l A. 7. B. 6. C. 5. D. 4.

Cu 78. (B-10) 29: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?

A. Dd m c ca Na2SiO3 v K2SiO3 c gi l thy tinh lng. B. m chy magie c th c dp tt bng ct kh. C. CF2Cl2 b cm s dng do khi thi ra kh quyn th ph hy tng ozon. D. Trong phng th nghim, N2 c iu ch bng cch un nng dd NH4NO2 bo ho.

Cu 79. (A-11) 49: Nhm nhng cht kh (hoc hi) no di y u gy hiu ng nh knh khi nng ca chng trong kh quyn vt qu tiu chun cho php?

A. CH4 v H2O. B. CO2 v CH4. C. N2 v CO. D. CO2 v O2.

Cu 80. (A-14): Cht kh no sau y c to ra t bnh cha chy v dng sn xut thuc gim au d dy?

A. N2 B. CO C. CH4 D. CO2

Cu 81. (B-12) 48: Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Clo c dng dit trng nc trong h thng cung cp nc sch. B. Amoniac c dng iu ch nhin liu cho tn la. C. Lu hunh ioxit c dng lm cht chng nm mc. D. Ozon trong khng kh l nguyn nhn chnh gy ra s bin i kh hu.

Cu 82. (B-12) 52: Mt mu kh thi c sc vo dung dch CuSO4, thy xut hin kt ta mu en. Hin tng ny do cht no c trong kh thi gy ra?

A. H2S. B. NO2. C. SO2. D. CO2.

Cu 83. (C -14): loi b cc kh HCl, CO2 v SO2 c ln trong kh N2, ngi ta s dng lng d dung dch

A. NaCl B. CuCl2 C. Ca(OH)2 D. H2SO4 Cu 84. (A-13) 10: iu kin thch hp xy ra cc phn ng sau:

(a) 2C + Ca CaC2 (b) C + 2H2 CH4 (c) C+ CO2 2CO (d) 3C + 4Al Al4C3 Trong cc phn ng trn, tnh kh ca cacbon th hin phn ng A. (c). B. (b). C. (d). D. (a).

Cu 85. (B-14): Cho dy chuyn ha sau: 2 2CO H O NaOHX Y X

. Cng thc ca X l A. NaOH B. Na2CO3 C.NaHCO3 D. Na2O.

Cu 86. (C-13) 35: Pht biu no di y khng ng? A. SiO2 l oxit axit.

B. t chy hon ton CH4 bng oxi, thu c CO2 v H2O. C. Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, dung dch b vn c. D. SiO2 tan tt trong dung dch HCl.



5. I CNG V KIM LOI

5. 1. Dy in ha ca kim loi Cu 1. (C-07) 51: Cho cc ion kim loi: Zn2+, Sn2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Pb2+. Th t tnh oxi ho gim dn l A. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Fe2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+. B. Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+ > Pb2+ > Fe2+. C. Zn2+ > Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Fe2+ > Pb2+. D. Pb2+ > Sn2+ > Ni2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+. Cu 2. (C-07) 8: Th t mt s cp oxi ho - kh trong dy in ho nh sau: Fe2+/Fe; Cu2+/Cu; Fe3+/Fe2+.

Cp cht khng p vi nhau l A. Fe v dd CuCl2. B. Fe v dd FeCl3. C. dd FeCl2 v dd CuCl2. D. Cu v dd FeCl3.

Cu 3. (C-10) 18: Cho bit th t t tri sang phi ca cc cp oxi ho - kh trong dy in ho (dy th in cc chun) nh sau: Zn2+/Zn; Fe2+/Fe; Cu2+/Cu; Fe3+/Fe2+; Ag+/Ag. Cc kim loi v ion u p c vi ion Fe2+ trong dd l: A. Zn, Ag+. B. Ag, Cu2+. C. Ag, Fe3+. D. Zn, Cu2+.

Dap an Thong Ke 007-2014- Du Doan de Thi _H 2015

Documents