1 N.T. Eschatology: The Hope of N.T. Eschatology: The Hope of Israel Israel A Critical Fact: A Critical Fact: All All N. T. Eschatology Is The N. T. Eschatology Is The Reiteration of God’s Old Covenant Promises Reiteration of God’s Old Covenant Promises Made To Old Covenant Israel! Made To Old Covenant Israel! Most Futurists Believe That The Mosaic Most Futurists Believe That The Mosaic Covenant– And Israel As A Covenant People– Covenant– And Israel As A Covenant People– Died At The Cross! Died At The Cross! This Cannot Be True! This Cannot Be True! Paul- I Preach Paul- I Preach Nothing Nothing But The Hope Of Israel! But The Hope Of Israel! (Acts 24.14; 26.6f; 28.16f)! (Acts 24.14; 26.6f; 28.16f)! How Could the NT Writers Be Anticipating the How Could the NT Writers Be Anticipating the Fulfillment of a Dead Law- With Dead Promises- Made Fulfillment of a Dead Law- With Dead Promises- Made To a Legally Dead People? To a Legally Dead People? Yet, the N.T. writers Yet, the N.T. writers were were eagerly awaiting the eagerly awaiting the imminent imminent fulfillment of God’s Old Covenant promises fulfillment of God’s Old Covenant promises made to Israel! made to Israel!
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N.T. Eschatology: The Hope of N.T. Eschatology: The Hope of IsraelIsrael
A Critical Fact:A Critical Fact: AllAll N. T. Eschatology Is The N. T. Eschatology Is The Reiteration of God’s Old Covenant Promises Made Reiteration of God’s Old Covenant Promises Made To Old Covenant Israel!To Old Covenant Israel!
Most Futurists Believe That The Mosaic Most Futurists Believe That The Mosaic Covenant– And Israel As A Covenant People– Covenant– And Israel As A Covenant People– Died Died At The Cross!At The Cross!
This Cannot Be True!This Cannot Be True! Paul- I Preach Paul- I Preach NothingNothing But The Hope Of Israel!But The Hope Of Israel!
(Acts 24.14; 26.6f; 28.16f)!(Acts 24.14; 26.6f; 28.16f)! How Could the NT Writers Be Anticipating How Could the NT Writers Be Anticipating
the Fulfillment of a Dead Law- With Dead the Fulfillment of a Dead Law- With Dead Promises- Made To a Legally Dead People?Promises- Made To a Legally Dead People?
Yet, the N.T. writers Yet, the N.T. writers werewere eagerly awaiting eagerly awaiting the the imminentimminent fulfillment of God’s Old fulfillment of God’s Old Covenant promises made to Israel!Covenant promises made to Israel!
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O.T. Israel- N.T. EschatologyO.T. Israel- N.T. Eschatology The N.T. writers were eagerly awaiting the The N.T. writers were eagerly awaiting the
imminentimminent fulfillment of God’s Old Covenant fulfillment of God’s Old Covenant promises made to Israel!promises made to Israel!
Our purpose in this presentation is to focus Our purpose in this presentation is to focus on what scholars generally recognize as the on what scholars generally recognize as the clearest most unambiguous O.T. prophecy clearest most unambiguous O.T. prophecy of the resurrection of the dead, and to of the resurrection of the dead, and to demonstrate that Scripture unequivocally demonstrate that Scripture unequivocally posits its fulfillment at the end of the Old posits its fulfillment at the end of the Old Covenant Age of Israel in A.D. 70.Covenant Age of Israel in A.D. 70.
We will also compare this text to other We will also compare this text to other critical eschatological texts, and show their critical eschatological texts, and show their connection.connection.
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Daniel 12Daniel 12 "At that time …there shall be a time of trouble, Such as "At that time …there shall be a time of trouble, Such as
never was since there was a nation, Even to that time. never was since there was a nation, Even to that time. And at that time your people shall be delivered… And at that time your people shall be delivered… 2 2 And many of those who sleep in the dust of the And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, Some to everlasting life, Some earth shall awake, Some to everlasting life, Some to shame and everlasting contempt.to shame and everlasting contempt. 3 Those who 3 Those who are wise shall shine Like the brightness of the are wise shall shine Like the brightness of the firmament, And those who turn many to righteousness firmament, And those who turn many to righteousness Like the stars forever and ever. 4 Like the stars forever and ever. 4 "But you, Daniel, "But you, Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book until the shut up the words, and seal the book until the time of the end;time of the end; many shall run to and fro, and many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall increase.“ 6 And one said to the man knowledge shall increase.“ 6 And one said to the man clothed in linen, "How long shall the fulfillment of these clothed in linen, "How long shall the fulfillment of these wonders be?“ 7 Then I heard the man clothed in linen, wonders be?“ 7 Then I heard the man clothed in linen, who was above the waters of the river, when he held up who was above the waters of the river, when he held up his right hand and his left hand to heaven, and swore his right hand and his left hand to heaven, and swore by Him who lives forever…; by Him who lives forever…; and when the power of and when the power of the holy people has been completely shattered, the holy people has been completely shattered, all these things shall be finished.”all these things shall be finished.”
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The Constituent Elements of The Constituent Elements of Daniel 12Daniel 12 Daniel 12 Contains the Following:Daniel 12 Contains the Following:
The Great Tribulation (v. 1)The Great Tribulation (v. 1) The Resurrection To Everlasting Life (v. 2)The Resurrection To Everlasting Life (v. 2) Righteous Shine in the Kingdom (v. 3)Righteous Shine in the Kingdom (v. 3) The Time of the End (end of the age, v. 4).The Time of the End (end of the age, v. 4). The Abomination of Desolation (v. 9f).The Abomination of Desolation (v. 9f). The Rewarding of the Prophets, At The Time of The Rewarding of the Prophets, At The Time of
The End (v. 2, 13).The End (v. 2, 13). When Would When Would AllAll – Not Some, Not Even – Not Some, Not Even MostMost– –
But But AllAll Of These Things Be Fulfilled? Of These Things Be Fulfilled? HERE IS HEAVEN’S ANSWER:HERE IS HEAVEN’S ANSWER:
V. 7: “V. 7: “When the power of the holy When the power of the holy people has been completely people has been completely
shattered, all these things shall be shattered, all these things shall be finished.”finished.”
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Isaiah 25:1-9Isaiah 25:1-9 1. O LORD, thou art my God; I will exalt thee… 1. O LORD, thou art my God; I will exalt thee…
for thou hast done wonderful things… for thou hast done wonderful things… 2 For 2 For thou hast made of a city an heap; of a thou hast made of a city an heap; of a defenced city a ruin: a palace of strangers defenced city a ruin: a palace of strangers to be no city; it shall never be built.to be no city; it shall never be built. … 6 ¶ … 6 ¶ And And in this mountainin this mountain shall the LORD of shall the LORD of hosts make unto all people hosts make unto all people a feast of fat a feast of fat things,things, a feast of wines on the lees…8 a feast of wines on the lees…8 He will swallow up death in victory;He will swallow up death in victory; and the Lord GOD will wipe away tears and the Lord GOD will wipe away tears from off all facesfrom off all faces; and the rebuke of his ; and the rebuke of his people shall he take away from off all the earth: people shall he take away from off all the earth: … 9 ¶ … 9 ¶ And it shall be said in that day,And it shall be said in that day, Lo, Lo, this is our God; we have waited for Him, and He this is our God; we have waited for Him, and He will save us: this is the LORD; we have waited will save us: this is the LORD; we have waited for Him, for Him, we will be glad and rejoice in we will be glad and rejoice in His salvation.His salvation.
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Isaiah 26Isaiah 26
Isaiah 26:18 We have been with child, we have Isaiah 26:18 We have been with child, we have been in pain, we have as it were brought forth been in pain, we have as it were brought forth wind; we have not wrought any deliverance in wind; we have not wrought any deliverance in the earth; neither have the inhabitants of the the earth; neither have the inhabitants of the world fallen. world fallen. Thy dead men shall live, Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they together with my dead body shall they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust:dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead. … 21 the earth shall cast out the dead. … 21 For, For, behold, the LORD cometh out of his place behold, the LORD cometh out of his place to punish the inhabitants of the earth for to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity: the earth also shall disclose their iniquity: the earth also shall disclose her blood, and shall no more cover her her blood, and shall no more cover her slain.slain.
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Daniel 12– Isaiah 25-26Daniel 12– Isaiah 25-26 Daniel 12:2 foretold the resurrection “out of the Daniel 12:2 foretold the resurrection “out of the
dust”dust” Isaiah 25-26- (Isaiah 25-26- (The O.T. source for Paul’s The O.T. source for Paul’s
resurrection hope,resurrection hope, Isaiah 25:8/ 1 Cor. 15:55-Isaiah 25:8/ 1 Cor. 15:55-56),56), foretold the resurrection “out of the dust” foretold the resurrection “out of the dust”
Daniel and Isaiah place the resurrection out of the Daniel and Isaiah place the resurrection out of the dust at the time of the destruction of Old Covenant dust at the time of the destruction of Old Covenant Jerusalem / Judah.Jerusalem / Judah.
Isaiah 25:1-3Isaiah 25:1-3– When The City is made a ruin, and – When The City is made a ruin, and the temple is turned to foreigners (cf. 27:9-12).the temple is turned to foreigners (cf. 27:9-12).
Daniel 12:7-Daniel 12:7- When the power of the holy people is When the power of the holy people is completely shattered.completely shattered.
Thus, the resurrection of 1 Corinthians 15 was at Thus, the resurrection of 1 Corinthians 15 was at the destruction of Jerusalem / Old Covenant Israel.the destruction of Jerusalem / Old Covenant Israel.
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DANIEL 12DANIEL 12 MATTHEW 13MATTHEW 13
Time Of The End (V. Time Of The End (V. 4)4)
Time Of The EndTime Of The End
Resurrection (V. 2)Resurrection (V. 2) Harvest (39-40)Harvest (39-40)
When The Righteous When The Righteous ShineShine
ThenThen The Righteous The Righteous Will Shine As The SunWill Shine As The Sun
Salvation Of Those Salvation Of Those “In The Book” (V. 1)“In The Book” (V. 1)
Salvation Of Those Salvation Of Those “In The Book” (Rv. “In The Book” (Rv. 20:10f)20:10f)
When The Power Of The Holy People When The Power Of The Holy People
Has Been Completely Shattered, Has Been Completely Shattered, AllAll These Things Shall Be Fulfilled! These Things Shall Be Fulfilled!
(Daniel 12:7)(Daniel 12:7)
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Daniel 12- Matthew 13– My Daniel 12- Matthew 13– My ArgumentArgument
The resurrection (Harvest) at the end of The resurrection (Harvest) at the end of the age of Matthew 13 is the Resurrection the age of Matthew 13 is the Resurrection at the time of the end of Daniel 12 (Mt. at the time of the end of Daniel 12 (Mt. 13:43).13:43).
But, the resurrection at the time of the But, the resurrection at the time of the end of Daniel 12 would be “when the end of Daniel 12 would be “when the power of the holy people is completely power of the holy people is completely shattered” (i.e. A.D. 70– Daniel 12:7)shattered” (i.e. A.D. 70– Daniel 12:7)
Therefore, the Resurrection (Harvest) at Therefore, the Resurrection (Harvest) at the end of the age of Matthew 13 was the end of the age of Matthew 13 was when the power of the holy people was when the power of the holy people was completely shattered” (i.e. A.D. 70)completely shattered” (i.e. A.D. 70)
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DANIEL 12DANIEL 12 1 CORINTHIANS 151 CORINTHIANS 15
Hope of IsraelHope of Israel Hope of IsraelHope of Israel
Time Of The End (v. Time Of The End (v. 4)4)
Then Comes The EndThen Comes The End
ResurrectionResurrection ResurrectionResurrection
Everlasting LifeEverlasting Life ImmortalityImmortality
Righteous Shine In Righteous Shine In The KingdomThe Kingdom
Entrance Into The Entrance Into The KingdomKingdom
End of Old Covenant End of Old Covenant PowerPower
End of Old Covenant End of Old Covenant (v. 55-56)(v. 55-56)
Daniel 12:7-Daniel 12:7- We Shall Not All We Shall Not All Sleep!Sleep!““When The Power Of The Holy People Has Been When The Power Of The Holy People Has Been
Completely Shattered, All These Things Will Be Completely Shattered, All These Things Will Be Fulfilled”Fulfilled”
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DANIEL 12– 1 CORINTHIANS 15DANIEL 12– 1 CORINTHIANS 15 The Resurrection Of Daniel 12 Is The The Resurrection Of Daniel 12 Is The
Resurrection Of 1 Corinthians 15.Resurrection Of 1 Corinthians 15.
But, The Resurrection Of Daniel 12 But, The Resurrection Of Daniel 12 Was When The Power Of The Holy Was When The Power Of The Holy People Was Completely Shattered-- People Was Completely Shattered-- A.D. 70! (Daniel 12:7)A.D. 70! (Daniel 12:7)
Therefore, The Resurrection Of 1 Therefore, The Resurrection Of 1 Corinthians 15 Was When The Power Corinthians 15 Was When The Power Of The Holy People Was Completely Of The Holy People Was Completely
Shattered– A.D. 70! Shattered– A.D. 70!
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Resurrection and Israel’s SalvationResurrection and Israel’s Salvation The Resurrection Of 1 Cor. 15 Is The Time The Resurrection Of 1 Cor. 15 Is The Time
Of The Putting Away Of Sin At Christ’s Of The Putting Away Of Sin At Christ’s Parousia In Fulfillment Of God’s Promises Parousia In Fulfillment Of God’s Promises To Old Covenant Israel i.e. To Old Covenant Israel i.e. The Time Of The Time Of Israel’s SalvationIsrael’s Salvation (Is. 25:6-9). (Is. 25:6-9).
The Putting Away Of Israel’s Sin- Her The Putting Away Of Israel’s Sin- Her Salvation- Belongs To The 70 Weeks Of Salvation- Belongs To The 70 Weeks Of Daniel 9, And Would Be Fulfilled No Later Daniel 9, And Would Be Fulfilled No Later Than- A.D. 70. Than- A.D. 70.
Therefore, The Resurrection, At Christ’s Therefore, The Resurrection, At Christ’s Parousia To Take Away Sin, Of 1 Parousia To Take Away Sin, Of 1 Corinthians 15 Would Be No Later Than Corinthians 15 Would Be No Later Than A.D. 70.A.D. 70.
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Resurrection and Israel’s SalvationResurrection and Israel’s Salvation Daniel 12 is the promise of the resurrection.Daniel 12 is the promise of the resurrection. The resurrection was the salvation hope of The resurrection was the salvation hope of
Israel (Isaiah 25:8-9).Israel (Isaiah 25:8-9). The The WeddingWedding– (the re-marriage) of Israel, – (the re-marriage) of Israel,
at the judgment coming of the Lord, is at the judgment coming of the Lord, is the the salvation of Israelsalvation of Israel (Isaiah 62:2-12). (Isaiah 62:2-12).
But, the Wedding (the re-marriage) of But, the Wedding (the re-marriage) of Israel, would be at the destruction of Israel, would be at the destruction of
Jerusalem (Matthew 22:1-7).Jerusalem (Matthew 22:1-7). Therefore, the resurrection– the salvation of Therefore, the resurrection– the salvation of
Israel– was at the destruction of Jerusalem.Israel– was at the destruction of Jerusalem.
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ROMANS 11- DANIEL 9– WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR ROMANS 11- DANIEL 9– WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINSIN
The Salvation Hope of Israel Was the The Salvation Hope of Israel Was the Resurrection (Isaiah 25:6-9-Daniel 12:2).Resurrection (Isaiah 25:6-9-Daniel 12:2).
Romans 11 Is The Salvation Of Israel (Her Romans 11 Is The Salvation Of Israel (Her resurrectionresurrection, v. 15)-- At The Parousia Of , v. 15)-- At The Parousia Of Christ Christ To Take Away Her SinTo Take Away Her Sin..
But, 70 Weeks– Ending No Later But, 70 Weeks– Ending No Later Than A.D. 70– Were Determined For Than A.D. 70– Were Determined For the Putting Away of Israel’s Sin. the Putting Away of Israel’s Sin.
Therefore, The Taking Away Of Israel’s Therefore, The Taking Away Of Israel’s Sin At Christ’s Coming– Sin At Christ’s Coming– The ResurrectionThe Resurrection– – Occurred No Later Than A.D. 70. (cf. Occurred No Later Than A.D. 70. (cf. Daniel 12:2, 7)Daniel 12:2, 7)
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DANIEL 9:24-27DANIEL 9:24-27 HEBREWS 9:24-10:1FHEBREWS 9:24-10:1F
Put Away Israel’s SinPut Away Israel’s Sin Put Away Israel’s SinPut Away Israel’s Sin
Make The AtonementMake The Atonement Make The AtonementMake The Atonement
World Of World Of RighteousnessRighteousness
World Of World Of Righteousness (2 Pt. Righteousness (2 Pt. 3)3)
Fulfillment Of Israel’s Fulfillment Of Israel’s Salvation PromisesSalvation Promises
Fulfillment Of Israel’s Fulfillment Of Israel’s Salvation PromisesSalvation Promises
No Later Than A.D. No Later Than A.D. 7070
© 2008 Don K. Preston© 2008 Don K. Preston
Fulfillment Of Daniel Fulfillment Of Daniel 9!! Cf. 10.37– “In A 9!! Cf. 10.37– “In A Very, Very Little Very, Very Little While!While!
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Daniel 9- Hebrews 9- Israel’s Daniel 9- Hebrews 9- Israel’s Salvation!Salvation! Daniel 9:24 Predicted Israel’s Salvation, i.e. The Daniel 9:24 Predicted Israel’s Salvation, i.e. The
Putting Away Of Israel’s Sin- Making Of The Putting Away Of Israel’s Sin- Making Of The Atonement, The World Of Everlasting Atonement, The World Of Everlasting Righteousness– At The Fulfillment Of God’s O. T. Righteousness– At The Fulfillment Of God’s O. T. Promises To Her. Promises To Her.
Hebrews 9-10- Predicted The Time Of Israel’s Hebrews 9-10- Predicted The Time Of Israel’s Salvation, The Putting Away Of Sin, The Making Salvation, The Putting Away Of Sin, The Making Of The Atonement, World Of Righteousness, At Of The Atonement, World Of Righteousness, At The Fulfillment Of God’s O. T. Promises To Israel.The Fulfillment Of God’s O. T. Promises To Israel.
ARGUMENT:ARGUMENT: All Constituent Elements Of Daniel 9:24-28f All Constituent Elements Of Daniel 9:24-28f
Would Be Fulfilled No Later Than A.D. 70 Would Be Fulfilled No Later Than A.D. 70 (MY (MY OPPONENT AGREES)OPPONENT AGREES)
But, All Constituent Elements Of Daniel 9 Are But, All Constituent Elements Of Daniel 9 Are The Constituent Elements Of Hebrews 9:24-28.The Constituent Elements Of Hebrews 9:24-28. Therefore, Hebrews 9:24-28f Would Be Therefore, Hebrews 9:24-28f Would Be
Fulfilled No Later Than A.D. 70.Fulfilled No Later Than A.D. 70.
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DANIEL 12DANIEL 12 1 PETER 1 PETER
Time Of The EndTime Of The End TheseThese Last Days (v. 20) Last Days (v. 20)
When Shall These Things When Shall These Things Be?Be?
Prophets Searched To Prophets Searched To Know! (10f)Know! (10f)
ResurrectionResurrection ResurrectionResurrection
Incorruptible Inheritance Incorruptible Inheritance (2, 13)(2, 13)
Inheritance Incorruptible Inheritance Incorruptible (V. 3-5)(V. 3-5)
Not Near In Daniel’s Not Near In Daniel’s TimeTime
Not To Themselves, Not To Themselves, But But To Us!To Us!
When The Power Of The When The Power Of The Holy People Has Been Holy People Has Been Completely Shattered, Completely Shattered, All These Things Will Be All These Things Will Be Fulfilled” (Daniel 12:7)! Fulfilled” (Daniel 12:7)!
Salvation “Ready To Be Salvation “Ready To Be Revealed”; End of All Revealed”; End of All Things Has Drawn Near” Things Has Drawn Near” (1:4f; 4:7, 17)(1:4f; 4:7, 17)
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Daniel 12Daniel 12 Revelation 11Revelation 11
Time of the endTime of the end Seventh TrumpSeventh Trump
Fulfillment of God’s Fulfillment of God’s promises to Israelpromises to Israel
Fulfillment of the Fulfillment of the prophets (10:7)prophets (10:7)
Time of the Time of the resurrectionresurrection
Time of the Time of the resurrectionresurrection
Time of the kingdomTime of the kingdom Time of the KingdomTime of the Kingdom
Rewarding of the Rewarding of the prophetsprophets
Rewarding of the Rewarding of the prophetsprophets
When the power of When the power of the holy people is the holy people is completely shattered completely shattered
At the judgment of At the judgment of the city, “Where the the city, “Where the Lord was slain.”Lord was slain.”
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My ArgumentMy Argument The resurrection of Daniel 12 would be the The resurrection of Daniel 12 would be the
time of the rewarding of the prophets and time of the rewarding of the prophets and the dead (12:2, 13).the dead (12:2, 13).
The resurrection of Revelation 11 is the The resurrection of Revelation 11 is the time of the rewarding of the prophets and time of the rewarding of the prophets and the dead.the dead.
But, the resurrection of Daniel 12 would be But, the resurrection of Daniel 12 would be fulfilled when the power of the holy people fulfilled when the power of the holy people was completely shattered (Daniel 12:7).was completely shattered (Daniel 12:7).
Therefore, the resurrection of Revelation 11 Therefore, the resurrection of Revelation 11 would be (was) when the power of the holy would be (was) when the power of the holy people was completely shattered (A.D. 70).people was completely shattered (A.D. 70).
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DANIEL 12 / REVELATION 22DANIEL 12 / REVELATION 22 DANIEL 12:4-10 – Seal The Book; It Is For DANIEL 12:4-10 – Seal The Book; It Is For
The Time Of The End, i.e. the time was The Time Of The End, i.e. the time was not near!not near!
Revelation is the reiteration of the Revelation is the reiteration of the prophecies of Daniel – prophecies of Daniel – As all scholars As all scholars agree.agree.
Revelation 22:10– “Do not seal the vision Revelation 22:10– “Do not seal the vision of the book, for the time is at hand.” of the book, for the time is at hand.”
What was What was far offfar off in Daniel’s time was still in Daniel’s time was still future, but, future, but, nearnear in John’s time! in John’s time!
The Resurrection was truly at hand!The Resurrection was truly at hand!
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Summary and ConclusionSummary and Conclusion 1.) Daniel 12 foretold the end time resurrection.1.) Daniel 12 foretold the end time resurrection. 2.) Daniel 12 posits the resurrection at the end 2.) Daniel 12 posits the resurrection at the end
of the Old Covenant Age of Israel– when Old of the Old Covenant Age of Israel– when Old Covenant Judah Would be destroyed.Covenant Judah Would be destroyed.
3.) Daniel 12 is parallel with other pivotal O.T. 3.) Daniel 12 is parallel with other pivotal O.T. resurrection prophecies, that specifically posit resurrection prophecies, that specifically posit the resurrection at the time of Jerusalem’s the resurrection at the time of Jerusalem’s demise.demise.
4.) We have correlated Daniel with N. T. texts 4.) We have correlated Daniel with N. T. texts that said the end of the age and Christ’s that said the end of the age and Christ’s coming- thus, the resurrection– was near.coming- thus, the resurrection– was near.
In every way, with definitive, positive In every way, with definitive, positive proof, we have proven that the proof, we have proven that the resurrection occurred in A.D. 70resurrection occurred in A.D. 70
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