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54 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Yuwono. Staphylococcus aureus dan Methicilin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Palembang: Departemen Mikrobiologi FK Unsri; 2012. 2. Organization WH. Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance World Health Organiztion; 2014. 3. Yuwono H, Biomed M. Pandemi Resistensi Antimikroba : Belajar dari MRSA; 2010;(1):283750. 4. Todar, Kenneth. Todar's online textbook of bacteriology. University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Bacteriology; 2006. 5. Sulistyaningsih. Uji Kepekaan Beberapa Sediaan Antiseptik terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus aureus Resisten Metisilin (MRSA). Bandung : Universitas Padjajaran; 2010. 6. Hannan A, Saleem S, Chaudhary S, Barkaat M, Arshad MU. Anti bacterial activity of Nigella sativa against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad; 2008;20(3):724. 7. Hosseinzadeh H, Bazzaz BSF, Haghi MM. Antibacterial activity of total extracts and essential oil of Nigella Sativa L. seeds in mice. Pharmacolgyonline; 2007;435:42935. 8. Al-somat M, Al-adhal A, Ghanem N, Al-moyed K, Shopit A. Susceptibility of Clinical Bacterial Isolates and Control Strains to Nigella Sativa Oil; 2014. 9. Nagi AA, Mariana NS, Hana FZ, Rasedee A. Extraction of Essential Oil from Nigella sativa Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide : Study of Antibacterial Activity Laboratory Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine, Institute of Bioscience Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and H. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol; 2008;3(4):2258. 10. Ismaeil AS. Effect of Black Seed Alkaloids Against some Pathogenic Bacteria; 2011;22(4):916.
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Page 1: DAFTAR PUSTAKA - Institutional Repository Undip (Undip …eprints.undip.ac.id/46192/9/Ajrina_Luthfita_Bayu_Putri... · DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. ... 34. Amirudin R. Fisiologi dan Biokimia

54

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Yuwono. Staphylococcus aureus dan Methicilin-Resistant Staphylococcus

aureus (MRSA). Palembang: Departemen Mikrobiologi FK Unsri; 2012.

2. Organization WH. Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance

World Health Organiztion; 2014.

3. Yuwono H, Biomed M. Pandemi Resistensi Antimikroba : Belajar dari MRSA;

2010;(1):2837–50.

4. Todar, Kenneth. Todar's online textbook of bacteriology. University of

Wisconsin-Madison Department of Bacteriology; 2006.

5. Sulistyaningsih. Uji Kepekaan Beberapa Sediaan Antiseptik terhadap Bakteri

Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus aureus Resisten Metisilin (MRSA).

Bandung : Universitas Padjajaran; 2010.

6. Hannan A, Saleem S, Chaudhary S, Barkaat M, Arshad MU. Anti bacterial

activity of Nigella sativa against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant

Staphylococcus aureus. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad; 2008;20(3):72–4.

7. Hosseinzadeh H, Bazzaz BSF, Haghi MM. Antibacterial activity of total

extracts and essential oil of Nigella Sativa L. seeds in mice. Pharmacolgyonline;

2007;435:429–35.

8. Al-somat M, Al-adhal A, Ghanem N, Al-moyed K, Shopit A. Susceptibility of

Clinical Bacterial Isolates and Control Strains to Nigella Sativa Oil; 2014.

9. Nagi AA, Mariana NS, Hana FZ, Rasedee A. Extraction of Essential Oil from

Nigella sativa Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide : Study of Antibacterial

Activity Laboratory Immunotherapeutic and Vaccine, Institute of Bioscience

Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and H. Am

J Pharmacol Toxicol; 2008;3(4):225–8.

10. Ismaeil AS. Effect of Black Seed Alkaloids Against some Pathogenic Bacteria;

2011;22(4):9–16.

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55

11. Halawani E. Antibacterial activity of timokuinon and thymohydroquinone of

Nigella sativa L. and their interaction with some antibiotics. Adv Biol Res

(Rennes). 2009;3:148–52.

12. Amrullah A, Satari MH. Efektivitas Daya Antibakteri Habatussaudah terhadap

Staphylococcus aureus Resisten Metisilin (MRSA). FKG Universitas

Padjajaran; 2009.

13. Katzung, Bertram G. Farmakologi Dasar dan Klinik (Basic and Clinical

Pharmacology) Edisi 10. Jakarta: EGC; 2012.

14. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Pealler MA, Yolken RH. Manual of

Clincal Microbology Vol. 1 Ed. 8th. Washington DC : ASM Press; 2003.

15. Büyüköztürk S, Gelincik A, Özşeker F, Genç S, Şavran FO, Kiran B, et al.

Nigella sativa (black seed) oil does not affect the T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 type

cytokine production from splenic mononuclear cells in allergen sensitized mice.

J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;100:295–8.

16. Saxena, R. Practical Hepatic Pathology: A Diagnostic Approach: A Volume in

the Pattern Recognition Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.

17. Perera J, Ranjithan C, Gamage S. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Ceylon Med J; 2011;37:12–4.

18. Greenwood D, Slack RC, Barer MR, Irving WL. Medical Microbiology: A

Guide to Microbial Infections: Pathogenesis, Immunity, Laboratory Diagnosis

and Control. With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access. Elsevier Health

Sciences; 2012.

19. Harvey, Richard A. Microbiology. Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams &

Wilkins; 2007.

20. Gordon RJ, Lowy FD. Pathogenesis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus

aureus Infection. Clin Infect Dis; 2008;46(5):S350–9.

21. Biantoro IK. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Yogyakarta : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2008.

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22. Brooks GF, Butel JS, Morse SA. Mikrobiologi Kedokteran Jawetz, Melnick &

Adelberg. Jakarta: EGC; 2007.

23. Nielsen OL et al. A pig model of acute Staphylococcus aureus induced pyemia.

Acta Vet Scand; 2009;51:14.

24. Fuda C, Suvorov M, Vakulenko SB, Mobashery S. The basis for resistance to

beta-lactam antibiotics by penicillin-binding protein 2a of methicillin-resistant

Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem; 2004;279(39):40802–6.

25. Al-Khalaf M.I KSR. Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Nigella sativa

oil – A Review. Aust J Basic Appl Sci; 2013;7(7):505–14.

26. Sopia, Siti. Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Jintan Hitam (Nigella Sativa) terhadap

Motilitas Spermatozoa Tikus Wistar Jantan Hiperlipidemia. Semarang:

Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro; 2009.

27. Khasanah N. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Jintan Hitam Terhadap Respon

Proliferasi Limfosit Limpa Mencit BALB/C yang diinfeksi Salmonella

typhimurium. Semarang: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro; 2009.

28. Sufrida Y, Edi J. Sembuhkan penyakit dengan habbatussauda. Jakarta:

Agromedia Pustaka; 2006.

29. Sari AIP. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) Terhadap

Pertumbuhan Salmonella typhimurium In Vitro. Semarang: Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro; 2009.

30. Putra, Nordiansyah. Effect Antimicrobacterial Nigella sativa for Inhibits

Growth of Bacteria. Majority; 2015:4(4):70-3.

31. Paarakh PM. Nigella sativa Linn.- A comprehensive review. Indian J Nat Prod

Resour; 2010;1(4):409–29.

32. Salem ML. Imunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of the Nigella sativa

L. seed. International Immunopharmacology; 2005. p. 1749–70.

33. Johnson AG, Ziegler RJ, Hawley L. Essential Mikrobiologi dan Imunologi

Edisi Kelima. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara; 2011.

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34. Amirudin R. Fisiologi dan Biokimia Hati. Dalam: Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B,

Alwi I, Simadibrata MK, Setiati S, Editor. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid I Edisi

Kelima. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan IPD FKUI; 2009. p. 627-33.

35. Kresno SB. Imunologi: Diagnosis dan Prosedur Laboratorium Edisi Kelima.

Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2010.

36. Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayes PA, Rodwel VW. Biokimia Harper Edisi 27.

Jakarta: EGC; 2009.

37. Clorinda FR. Uji Kemampuan Minyak Jintan Hitam(Nigella sativa)

Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro.

Jember: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jember; 2012.

38. Satari MH, Wartadewi FGR. Sensitivity Test Cefoxitin (Second Generation of

Cephalosporin) and Cefepime (Fourth Generation of Cephalosporin) Towards

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Fakultas Kedokteran

Gigi Universitas Padjajaran.

39. Tsao SM, Hsu CC, Yin MC. Garlic extract and two diallyl sulphides inhibit

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in BALB/cA mice. J

Antimicrob Chemother. 2003;52(6):974–80.

40. Goldman E, Lorrence HG. Practical handbook of microbiology 2nd ed.

Florida : CRC Press; 2015.

41. Johnson TR, Christine LC. Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology.

Philadelphia : Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company; 2003.

42. Jamil AS, Adi B, Prasaja B, Ariani A, Hardi Z. Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak

Biji Nigella sativa terhadap Viabilitas Bakteri Probiotik Secara In Vitro dan In

Vivo. Pharmacy, Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 11(02);2014.

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Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data

Means

Report

JumlahKuman

Kelompok Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum

K 83800,00 123651,526 50000,00 1000 300000

P1 13960,00 10642,509 9000,00 6300 32000

P2 640,00 1163,185 100,00 0 2700

P3 734,00 1284,924 130,00 0 3000

Total 24783,50 67054,880 2850,00 0 300000

Graph

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

JumlahKuman

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

JumlahKuman ,357 20 ,000 ,406 20 ,000

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

JumlahKuman Kruskal-Wallis Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank

JumlahKuman

K 5 15,80

P1 5 14,80

P2 5 5,20

P3 5 6,20

Total 20

Test Statisticsa,b

JumlahKuman

Chi-Square 13,349

df 3

Asymp. Sig. ,004

a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

NPar Tests : K vs P1 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

K 5 6,20 31,00

P1 5 4,80 24,00

Total 10

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U 9,000

Wilcoxon W 24,000

Z -,731

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,465

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,548b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

NPar Tests : K vs P2 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

K 5 7,80 39,00

P2 5 3,20 16,00

Total 10

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U 1,000

Wilcoxon W 16,000

Z -2,410

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,016

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,016b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

NPar Tests : K vs P3 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

K 5 7,80 39,00

P3 5 3,20 16,00

Total 10

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U 1,000

Wilcoxon W 16,000

Z -2,402

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,016

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,016b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

NPar Tests : P1 vs P2 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

P1 5 8,00 40,00

P2 5 3,00 15,00

Total 10

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U ,000

Wilcoxon W 15,000

Z -2,619

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,009

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,008b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

NPar Tests : P1 vs P3 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

P1 5 8,00 40,00

P3 5 3,00 15,00

Total 10

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U ,000

Wilcoxon W 15,000

Z -2,611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,009

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,008b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

NPar Tests : P2 vs P3 Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kelompok N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

JumlahKuman

P2 5 5,00 25,00

P3 5 6,00 30,00

Total 10

Test Statisticsa

JumlahKuman

Mann-Whitney U 10,000

Wilcoxon W 25,000

Z -,529

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,597

Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] ,690b

a. Grouping Variable: Kelompok

b. Not corrected for ties.

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Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Data (lanjutan)

Grafik Bar dan Boxplot Data dengan Log

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Lampiran 3. Hasil Penelitian

1. Hasil Kelompok Kontrol

Mencit 1 Mencit 2

Mencit 3 Mencit 4

Mencit 5

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Lampiran 3. Hasil Penelitian (lanjutan)

2. Hasil Kelompok P1

Mencit 1 Mencit 2

Mencit 3 Mencit 4

Mencit 5

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Lampiran 3. Hasil Penelitian (lanjutan)

3. Hasil Kelompok P2

Mencit 1 Mencit 2

Mencit 3 Mencit 4

Mencit 5

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Lampiran 3. Hasil Penelitian

4. Hasil Kelompok P3

Mencit 1 Mencit 2

Mencit 3 Mencit 4

Mencit 5

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Lampiran 4. Dokumentasi

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Lampiran 5. Biodata Mahasiswa

BIODATA MAHASISWA

Identitas

Nama : Ajrina Luthfita Bayu Putri

NIM : 22010111130095

Tempat/tanggal lahir : Semarang, 3 Juli 1995

Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan

Alamat : Jl. Arya Mukti Timur IX/384 Semarang

Nomor HP : 085740610384

E-mail : [email protected]

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal

1. SD : SD Pedurungan Tengah 3 Semarang Lulus tahun : 2007

2. SMP : SMP Negeri 2 Semarang Lulus tahun : 2009

3. SMA : SMA Negeri 3 Semarang Lulus tahun : 2011

4. FK UNDIP : Masuk tahun 2011