-
vi
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL
................................................................................................
i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
.................................................................................
ii
SURAT
PERNYATAAN.......................................................................................
iii
PRAKATA
.............................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI
..........................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
................................................................................................
viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
..............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
..........................................................................................
xi
INTISARI
..............................................................................................................
xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
....................................................................................
1
1.1. Latar Belakang
.................................................................................
1
1.2. Perumusan Masalah
.........................................................................
3
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian
.............................................................................
3
1.3.1. Tujuan Umum
........................................................................
3
1.3.2. Tujuan Khusus
.......................................................................
3
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian
...........................................................................
3
1.4.1. Manfaat Teoritis
.....................................................................
3
1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis
......................................................................
4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
.........................................................................
5
2.1. Mikrobiota Nasal
.............................................................................
5
2.1.1. Streptococcus sp.
....................................................................
5
2.1.2. Staphylococcus sp.
.................................................................
6
2.2. Rhinitis Alergi
.................................................................................
8
2.2.1. Patofisiologi
...........................................................................
8
2.2.2. Gejala Klinis
........................................................................
10
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2.2.3. Derajat Rhinitis Alergi
......................................................... 10
2.2.4. Diagnosis
..............................................................................
11
2.3. Hubungan antara Derajat Rhinitis Alergi dengan Jumlah
Koloni
Streptococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus sp..
.................................... 12
2.4. Kerangka Teori
..............................................................................
14
2.5. Kerangka Konsep
..........................................................................
15
2.6. Hipotesis
........................................................................................
15
BAB III METODE
PENELITIAN........................................................................
16
3.1. Jenis Penelitian dan Rancangan Penelitian
.................................... 16
3.2. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional
................................................ 16
3.2.1. Variabel Penelitian
...............................................................
16
3.2.2. Definisi Operasional
............................................................ 16
3.3. Populasi dan Sampel
......................................................................
17
3.3.1. Populasi
................................................................................
17
3.3.2. Sampel
..................................................................................
18
3.3.3. Teknik Sampling
..................................................................
19
3.4. Instrumen dan Bahan Penelitian
.................................................... 19
3.4.1. Instrumen Penelitian
............................................................ 19
3.4.2. Bahan Penelitian
..................................................................
20
3.5. Cara Penelitian
...............................................................................
20
3.5.1. Penentuan Sampel
................................................................
20
3.5.2. Swab meatus media dan transport sampel
............................ 20
3.6. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian
....................................................... 23
3.6.1. Tempat
.................................................................................
23
3.6.2. Waktu
...................................................................................
23
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viii
3.7. Alur Penelitian
...............................................................................
24
3.8. Analisa Hasil
.................................................................................
25
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
...................................... 26
4.1. Hasil Penelitian
..............................................................................
26
4.2. Pembahasan
...................................................................................
29
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
............................................................ 32
5.1. Kesimpulan
....................................................................................
32
5.2. Saran
..............................................................................................
32
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
...........................................................................................
33
LAMPIRAN
..........................................................................................................
36
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ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4. 1. Karakteristik sampel penelitian menurut jenis
rhinitis ........................ 27
Tabel 4. 2. Hasil analisis normalitas sebaran data dan
homogenitas varian
jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. maupun Staphylococcus sp.
............ 28
Tabel 4. 3. Perbedaan jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. dan
Staphylococcus
sp. antara rhinitis alergi derajat ringan dan sedang-berat
.................... 28
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x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2. 1. Streptococcus sp.
...............................................................................
6
Gambar 2. 2. Staphylococcus sp.
............................................................................
7
Gambar 2. 3. Mekanisme alergi
..............................................................................
9
Gambar 2. 4. Kerangka Teori
................................................................................
14
Gambar 2. 5. Kerangka Konsep
............................................................................
15
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xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance
.............................................................................
36
Lampiran 2. Surat Keterangan Selesai Penelitian di Rumah Sakit
....................... 37
Lampiran 3. Surat Keterangan Selesai Penelitian di Laboratorium
...................... 38
Lampiran 4. Data Karakteristik Pasien Rhinitis Alergi derajat
ringan ................. 39
Lampiran 5. Data Karakteristik Pasien Rhinitis Alergi derajat
sedang-berat ....... 40
Lampiran 6. Deskripsi karakteristik pasien rhinitis
.............................................. 41
Lampiran 7. Dokumentasi Penelitian
....................................................................
48
Lampiran 8. Dokumentasi Hasil Kultur Bakteri
................................................... 49
Lampiran 9. Dokumentasi Hasil Identifikasi Bakteri.
.......................................... 51
Lampiran 10. Kuesioner Penelitian
.......................................................................
53