DAFTAR ISI - Unissularepository.unissula.ac.id/10049/5/DAFTAR ISI.pdfGambar 2.1. Histologi Otot Jantung .....8 Gambar 2.2. Struktur sel saat nekrosis, apoptosis, dan autopagi.....15

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DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN....................................................................................... iii

PRAKATA ............................................................................................................. iv

DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... vi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ..................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. ix

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................... xi

INTISARI .............................................................................................................. xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................. 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ................................................................................. 1

1.2. Perumusan Masalah ......................................................................... 4

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 4

1.3.1. Tujuan Umum ........................................................................ 4

1.3.2. Tujuan Khusus ....................................................................... 4

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................... 5

1.4.1. Maanfaat Teoritis ................................................................... 5

1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis ...................................................................... 5

BAB II TINJUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................ 6

2.1. Jantung ............................................................................................. 6

2.1.1. Histopatologi .......................................................................... 6

2.1.2. Anatomi .................................................................................. 6

2.1.3. Histologi ................................................................................. 8

2.1.4. Fisiologi ............................................................................... 10

2.1.5. Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi Gambaran Histopatologi

Otot Jantung ......................................................................... 10

2.2. Tenggelam dan Lama Waktu Kematian ........................................ 18

2.2.1. Tenggelam ............................................................................ 18

2.2.2. Lama Waktu Kematian ........................................................ 27

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2.3. Medium Air ................................................................................... 38

2.4. Pengaruh lama waktu kematian pada medium air asin dan air tawar

terhadap gambaran histopatologis otot jantung ............................. 40

2.5. Kerangka Teori .............................................................................. 44

2.6. Kerangka Konsep .......................................................................... 45

2.7. Hipotesis ........................................................................................ 45

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................... 46

3.1. Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian ..................................................... 46

3.2. Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional ............................... 46

3.2.1. Variabel Penelitian ............................................................... 46

3.2.2. Defini Operasional ............................................................... 46

3.3. Populasi dan Sampel ...................................................................... 47

3.3.1. Populasi Penelitian ............................................................... 47

3.3.2. Sampel Penelitian ................................................................. 47

3.4. Instrumen dan bahan Penelitian ..................................................... 48

3.4.1. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................ 48

3.4.2. Bahan Penelitian .................................................................. 49

3.5. Cara Penelitian ............................................................................... 50

3.6. Tempat dan waktu penelitian ......................................................... 51

3.6.1. Tempat penelitian ................................................................. 51

3.6.2. Waktu Penelitian .................................................................. 51

3.7. Analisis Hasil ................................................................................. 51

3.8. Alur Kerja Penelitian ..................................................................... 52

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................... 53

4.1. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 53

4.2. Pembahasan ................................................................................... 59

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 67

5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 67

5.2 Saran .............................................................................................. 67

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 68

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DAFTAR SINGKATAN

ADP : Adenosine diphosphate

ATP : Adenosine triphosphat

BASARNAS : Badan Sar Nasional

BOD : Biochemical Oxygen Deman

COD : Chemical Oxygen Deman

DNA : Deoxyribonucleic acid

DO : Dissolved Oxygen

LPPT : Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu

PAU : Pusat Antar Universitas

RNA : Ribonucleic acid

RSUP : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat

UGM : Universitas Gajah Mada

WHO : World Health Organizations

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Histologi Otot Jantung ........................................................................ 8

Gambar 2.2. Struktur sel saat nekrosis, apoptosis, dan autopagi ........................... 15

Gambar 2.3. Hubungan antara fungsi sel, kematian dan gambaran ...................... 17

Gambar 2. 4 Gambaran ultrastruktur pada otot jantung ........................................ 42

Gambar 4. 1 Gambaran histopatologi otot jantung pada medium kematian air

laut dan air tawar dalam berbagai waktu pengamatan ...................... 56

Gambar 4. 2 Gambaran Histopatologi ................................................................... 58

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 4. 1 Hasil pengamatan histopatologi otot jantung pada tikus yang

ditenggelamkan dalam air laut ............................................................ 53

Tabel 4. 2 Perbedaan gambaran histopatologi otot jantung berdasarkan lama

waktu kematian pada medium air laut................................................. 54

Tabel 4. 3 Hasil pengamatan histopatologi otot jantung pada tikus yang

ditenggelamkan dalam air tawar ......................................................... 55

Tabel 4. 4 Perbedaan gambaran histopatologi otot jantung berdasarkan lama

waktu kematian pada medium air tawar .............................................. 56

Tabel 4. 5 Hasil perbedaan histopatologi otot jantung pada tikus yang

ditenggelamkan dalam air laut dan air tawar dalam berbagai waktu

pengamatan.......................................................................................... 57

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Hasil Analisis Statistik Gambaran Histopatologi Otot Jantung......... 70

Lampiran 2 Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian ...................................................... 80

Lampiran 3 Surat Penelitian Pusat Studi Pangan dan Gizi UGM ......................... 81

Lampiran 4 Surat Keterangan Bebas Peminjaman................................................ 82

Lampiran 5 Hasil Histopatologi Air Tawar .......................................................... 83

Lampiran 6 Hasil Histopatologi Air Laut ............................................................. 84

Lampiran 7 Ethical Clearance .............................................................................. 85

Lampiran 8 Dokumentasi Penelitian ..................................................................... 86