MULTILINGUAL ELECTION TERMINOLOGY LIST Arts and Culture Department: REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA arts & culture LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR GREATNESS English | Afrikaans | IsiZulu | IsiXhosa | Siswati | IsiNdebele Setswana | Sepedi | Sesotho | Tshivenḓa | Xitsonga
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ISBN: 978-0-621-42377-8
MULTILINGUAL ELECTION TERMINOLOGY LIST
Arts and CultureDepartment:
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
arts & culture LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR GREATNESS
PREFACEThe Election Terminology Project was initiated by the Terminology Coordination Section during the 2010/11 financial year. The original list comprised of 400 term entries which were compiled by individual terminologists who were part of the National Terminology Service (NTS) in the early 90’s. The terms were excerpted from a combination of election booklets, manuals and research projects compiled by individual contributors and the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC).
The term list was expanded to 700 entries by the NLS terminologists during the 2010/11 financial year. The NLS terminologists supplied equivalents in their target languages in consultation with subject field specialists and through the use of other available sources of information.
The project is aimed at facilitating communication and educating the general public about election terminology. The public should become informed about election-related issues in order to empower them to exercise their democratic right to vote.
Working meetings and consultative workshops were held during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 financial years to finalise the provision of target term equivalents in the other 10 official languages.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis list of acknowledgements is a culmination of the process of consultation and collaboration with different stakeholders and collaborators.
Many stakeholders and collaborators contributed towards this project. The TCS would like to express its gratitude to the collaborators who diligently prepared for and attended the terminology meetings. Their commitment and willingness is highly appreciated.
The TCS would like to thank everyone who had a part in the development of this project.
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ISINDEBELE COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Masombuka, E.R., Ms. Linguist, National Parliament2. Mashiyane, Z.J., Dr. Linguist, University of Zululand3. Mahlangu, J.P., Mr. Linguist, Limpopo Legislature4. Sithole, S.M., Mr. Specialist, Independent Electoral Commission5. Nkambule, W.Z., Mr. Specialist, Ikwekwezi FM6. Motha, N.E., Ms. Linguist, Government Communication and
Information System7. Sibiya, V.L., Mr. Linguist, Department of Culture, Sport and
Recreation8. Skosana, J.F.B., Mr. Linguist, SABC TV9. Mahlangu, R.V., Mr. Terminologist, National Language Service10. Skhosana, N.L., Ms. Terminologist, National Language Service
ISINDEBELE COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Jiyane, D.M., Mr. Linguist, Department of Education2. Mashiyane, Z.J., Dr. Linguist, University of Zululand3. Matjhiga, J.T., Mr. Linguist, Department of Education4. Ntuli, M.E., Ms. Linguist, Department of Education5. Skosana, J.F.B., Mr. Linguist, SABC TV6. Skhosana, N.L., Ms. National Language Service7. Mnisi, S., Mr. National Language Service
SETSWANA COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Letsholo, G.R., Mr. Linguist2. Lopang, L.V., Ms. Linguist3. Mashike, J.W.P., Mr. Linguist4. Mr Molebatsi, M.J., Mr. Linguist5. Koonyaditse, O.A., Mr. SABC Current Affairs6. Molope, A.K., Mr. Linguist
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7. Ntjanyana, T., Mr. Linguist8. Makapan, S., Ms. National Language Service9. Thole, O.K.P., Ms. National Language Service
SETSWANA COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Letsholo, G.R., Mr. Linguist2. Molebaloa, M.K., Mr. Linguist3. Mareme, G.B., Mr. National Lexicography Unit4. Molope, A.K., Mr. Linguist5. Mashike, J.W.P., Mr. Linguist6. Makapan, S., Ms. National Language Service7. Thole, O.K.P., Ms. National Language Service
AFRIKAANS COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Alberts, M., Dr. Linguist2. Smith, P., Mr. Subject specialist3. Du Toit, D., Mr. Subject specialist4. Bester, C., Mr. Subject specialist5. Swiegers, D., Ms. National Language Service
AFRIKAANS COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. McLachlan, J.D., Mr. Linguist2. Alberts, M., Dr. Linguist3. Jansen, J.L., Mr. Independent Electoral Commission4. Lombard, F.J., Dr. Linguist5. Swiegers, D., Ms. National Language Service
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TSHIVENḒA COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Maḓadzhe, S., Mrs. Department of Sport, Arts and Culture, Limpopo2. Maḓadzhe, R.N., Prof. University of Limpopo3. Ṋemuṱanzhela, T.L., Mr. University of Limpopo4. Tshikota, S.L., Mr. Editor-in-Chief: Tshivenḓa National Lexicography Unit5. Ṋeswiswi, N., Ms. Independent Electoral Commission (IEC)6. Ḽithole, T., Ms. Independent Electoral Commission7. Lukoto, T., Mr. SABC TV news8. Nḓou, L., Mr. Tshwane University of Technology9. Mphephu, A., Ms. National Language Service10. Ramuedzisi, L., Mr. National Language Service
TSHIVENḒA COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Tshikota, S.L., Mr. Editor-in-Chief: Tshivenḓa National Lexicography Unit2. Muloiwa, T.W., Prof. Retired professor3. Ṋemuṱanzhela, T.L., Mr. University of Limpopo4. Mukaṱuni, F.E., Ms. National Language Service5. Ramuedzisi, L., Mr. National Language Service
SISWATI COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Dube, L.P., Ms. Linguist, Department of Education2. Simelane, S.Z., Mr. Linguist3. Malindzisa, G.A., Dr. Linguist4. Fakude, A.T., Mr. Linguist, Department of Education5. Lubisi, P.E., Mr. Linguist, Ligwalagwala FM6. Nkuna, K.J., Ms. Linguist, Department of Sport, Culture and Recreation
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7. Zitha, E.R., Mr. Presiding Officer local elections8. Nkosi, S. V., Mr. Independent Electoral Commission9. Nkosi, N.G., Ms. National Language Service10. Mpangane, B., Mr. National Language Service
SISWATI COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Simelane, S.Z., Mr. Linguist2. Shongwe, P.V., Mr. Linguist3. Malinga, I.B., Mr. NLU4. Dube, L.P., Ms. Linguist5. Zwane, N.B., Ms. DCSR6. Nkosi, S.V., Mr. Independent Electoral Commission7. Nkosi, N.G., Ms. National Language Service8. Mpangane, B., Mr. National Language Service
ISIXHOSA COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Tshongolo, X., Mr. Language practitioner, Provincial Office, W.C2. Ntwana,T.L., Ms. Linguist3. Plaatjie, N., Ms. Specialist, Independent Electoral Commission4. Magqashela, Z., Ms. Linguist5. Mthandeki, Z., Mr. Current Affairs, Radio Zibonele6. Sibula, P., Mr. Linguist7. Mfenyana, K., Ms. Specialist, Independent Electoral Commission8. Ralarala, M., Dr. Linguist9. Ngingi, L., Mr. National Language Service10. Zingitwa, S., Ms. National Language Service
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ISIXHOSA COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Zotwana, S.Z., Dr. Linguist2. Ralarala, M., Dr. Linguist3. Saliwa-Mogale, N., Ms. Linguist4. Dyantyi, N., Ms. Linguist5. Makeleni, B.T., Mr. Linguist6. Tshongolo, X., Mr. Language practitioner, Western Cape
Provincial Office7. Ngingi, L., Mr. National Language Service8. Zingitwa, S., Ms. National Language Service
XITSONGA COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Nxumalo, N.E., Dr. Linguist2. Magamana, D., Ms. Provincial Department of Sport, Arts and
Culture3. Mawela, R.S., Ms Linguist4. Masingi, J.S., Mr. Independent Electoral Commission5. Nkwinika, T.C., Mr. Political analyst6. Ramajela, K.M., Ms. Independent Electoral Commission 7. Chauke-Hlayiseka, E.T., Ms. Linguist8. Mabasa, M.A., Mr. National Language Service9. Mabasa, N.A., Ms. National Language Service
XITSONGA COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Hlungwane, M.J., Linguist2. Mwale, R.T., Ms. Linguist3. Masingi, M.S., Mr. Linguist4. Mabasa, M.A., Mr. National Language Service5. Mabasa, N.A., Ms. National Language Service
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ISIZULU COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND FIRST CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Hlengwa, M., Mr. Linguist, PLC2. Mdluli, B., Mr. Linguist, KwaZulu-Natal Legislature3. Ndlovu, S., Mr. Terminologist, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Language Services4. Mngadi, S., Mr. Linguist, University of KwaZulu-Natal5. Xaba, N., Ms. Specialist, Independent Electoral Commission6. Xala, Z., Mr. Linguist7. Zungu, B., Dr. Linguist, University of KwaZulu-Natal8. Dlamini, I., Ms. Specialist, Independent Electoral Commission9. Mazibuko, G., Dr. Linguist10. Msibi, J., Ms. National Language Service11. Mguni, S.T.N., Ms. National Language Service
ISIZULU COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Nxumalo, B.R., Mr. Linguist, Durban University of Technology2. Xala, Z.E., Mr. Terminologist3. Mbatha, M.O., Mr. Isikhungo Sesichazamaswi SesiZulu4. Maphumulo, AM., Prof. Linguist, University of KwaZulu-Natal5. Ngongoma, M., Mrs. Language practitioner, Ethekwini Municipality6. Mazibuko, J., Rev. Terminologist – Bible Society7. Msibi, J., Ms. National Language Service8. Mguni, S.T.N., Ms. National Language Service
SESOTHO COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING AND CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Sehlabo, M.V., Mrs. Linguist Mojanala2. Ntsukunyane, T.V., Mr. Linguist, Retired public servant3. Mahanke, M., Mr. Linguist, Department Sports, Arts, Culture and Recreation, Free State
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4. Nkhobo, L., Mr. Linguist Department Sports, Arts, Culture and Recreation, Free State5. Ntebele, A.L., Mr. IEC specialist, IEC Bloemfontein6. Kgaile,S., Mr. IEC specialist, IEC Bloemfontein7. Theletsane,T., Mr. Linguist, Sesotho NLU8. Motlhakwana, K., Mr. Linguist, Department Sports, Arts, Culture and Recreation, Free State9. Shuping, M., Mr. Linguist, Free State University10. Phindane, P.A., Dr. Linguist, Central University of Technology11. Mokhele, M., Ms. National Language Service12. Motake, L., Mr. National Language Service
SESOTHO COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Sehlabo, M.V., Mrs. Linguist, Mojanala2. Ntsukunyane, T.V., Mr. Linguist, Retired public servant3. Shuping, M., Mr. Linguist, Free State University4. Phindane, P.A., Dr. Linguist, Central University of Technology5. Mokhele, M., Ms. National Language Service6. Motake, L., Mr National Language Service
SEPEDI COLLABORATORS FOR THE WORKING MEETING
1. Matlou, F.M., Mr. National Language Service2. Rammala, J.R., Dr. Linguist, University of Limpopo3. Rapholo, S.M., Mr. National Language Service4. Kekana, T.J., Mr University of South Africa5. Mathiba, M.N., Mr. SABC6. Manthata, M.N., Mr. DSAC7. Maponya, E.R., Mr. S/Home Enterprise8. Masetlane, R.R., Ms. IEC Lepelle-Nkumpi9. Ramohlale, M.I., Mr HOD
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SEPEDI COLLABORATORS FOR THE FINAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP
1. Rammala, J.R., Dr. Linguist, University of Limpopo2. Mangoale, P., Dr. Sesotho sa Leboa, National Language Body3. Matlou, F.M., Mr. PanSALB4. Kanyane, F.M., Ms. Sesotho sa Leboa, National Language Body5. Kekae, M.J., Mr. Sesotho sa Leboa, National Language Body 6. Mathole, M.F., Ms. National Language Service7. Rapholo, S.M., Mr. National Language Service
MULTILINGUAL ELECTION TERMINOLOGYEXPLANATORY NOTESTerminology in the field of elections changes over time as a result of new developments or insights. New terms appear and existing terms are changed. The general public also become more informed and use terms that they have previously not known or have not been aware of.
The main purpose of this terminology list is to facilitate communication and to educate the general public about election terminology typically used in the South African context.
The NLS realised that it was necessary to update and expand the original list of multilingual terminology in the field of election terminology and approached the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) for assistance.
The following emanated from several meetings with officials of the IEC:• Terms that were identified not to be applicable to the South African context
have been included, .e.g. federalism, Hare quota, gerrymandering.• There are also terms that the collaborators suggested that they be added to
the term list. These terms will be added on the database but will not formpart of this publication.
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MAIN ENTRY
The MAIN ENTRY contains all the information concerning the concept, including synonyms, abbreviations, definition, note, equivalents etc. and has the preferred term as headword.
two-third majority <see also qualified majority>English synonym supermajority
SYNONYMS
ballot gballot paper
Synonyms are listed in their alphabetical position, but the user is directed to the main entry where the information is documented in full.
Abbreviations, acronyms and short forms of terms are treated as synonyms, but may appear as the main entry term where the full form is not familiar, e.g. MINMEC.
IDENTICAL HEADWORDS
Where identical headwords are of different parts of speech this is denoted in abbreviated form in the following order:n. – nounv. – verbadj. – adjectiveadv. – adverb
The source text term synonyms are listed according to preference and usage. See boundary (boundary line).
Abbreviations and acronyms are not listed in isolation, but always with the full form to follow. See MEC (Member of the Executive Council); MEO (Municipal Electoral Officer); GNU (Government of National Unity); CA (Constitutional Assembly).
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All main entries are documented in their singular form unless in cases where the main entry term is used mainly in plural form, e.g. government elections, human rights, polling hours.
Original terms take precedence over the borrowed terms.
Equivalents borrowed from English or another language are placed last in the list of synonyms.
Context indicators are added to give clarity to certain terms, e.g. accrue {legal}: march {an organised protest}.
Consistency is retained in the use of -ise, e.g. mobilise instead of mobilize, electoral advertising instead of electoral advertizing, etc.
Preference is given to British English and not American English.
This document may be downloaded or printed for personal or educational use, on condition that this notice accompanies the text. Distribution for financial gain is not permitted. Copyright remains with the Department of Arts and Culture (DAC) and no changes to the format or content of this document may be made without the permission of the copyright holder.
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Multilingual ElectionTerminology
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Aabsentee ballot g absentee voting
absentee voteAfrikaans afwesigekieserstemIsiZulu ivoti elithunyelweIsiXhosa ivoti yongekhoyoSiswati livoti lalongekhoIsiNdebele ivowudu yongekhoSetswana tlhopho o se yo (tlhopho ya tlhokasebele)Sepedi mmouta a segoSesotho kgetho ka posoTshivenḓa u vouta u siho (u khetha u siho)Xitsonga ku vhota u nga ri kona (ku hlawula u nga ri kona)
absentee voterAfrikaans afwesige kieserIsiZulu umvoti othumele ivotiIsiXhosa umvoti ovote engekhoSiswati lokhetsa angekho (lovota angekho)IsiNdebele umvowudi ongekhoSetswana motlhophi a se yoSepedi mmouta a segoSesotho mokgethi ka posoTshivenḓa mukhethi a siho (muvouti a siho)Xitsonga muvhoti a nga ri kona (muhlawuri a nga ri kona)
absentee voting (absentee ballot)Afrikaans voorafstemmingIsiZulu ukuvota ngokuthumelaIsiXhosa ukuvota ungekhoSiswati kuvota ungekho (kukhetsa ungekho)IsiNdebele ukuvowuda ungekhoSetswana -tlhopha o se yoSepedi go bouta o se gona (go bouta felo go šele)Sesotho kgetho pele ho dikgethoTshivenḓa u khetha u siho (u vouta u siho)Xitsonga ku vhota u nga ri kona (ku hlawula u nga ri kona)
abstain from votingAfrikaans buite stemming blyIsiZulu ukugodla ivotiIsiXhosa ukugodla ivoti (ukukhetha ukungavoti)Siswati khetsa kungavotiIsiNdebele -ngakhethi (-godla ivowudu, -ngavowudi)Setswana ikiletsotlhopho (ikgatholosotlhopho, - sa tlhophe)Sepedi go kgetha go se bouteSesotho - se kgetheTshivenḓa u sa vouta (u sa khetha)Xitsonga ku tshika ku vhota (ku tshika ku hlawula)
abuse <v.> {power}Afrikaans misbruikIsiZulu ukusebenzisa ngokungena- bulungiswaIsiXhosa ukuxhaphazaSiswati dlabhalata (sebentisa budlabha)IsiNdebele -gabisa amandlaSetswana tirisobotlhaswaSepedi diriša gampeSesotho -sebedisa hampeTshivenḓa u shumisa maanḓa lu si lwavhuḓi (u shumisa nḓivho lu si lwavhuḓi)Xitsonga ku tirhisa hi ndlela yo hoxeka
act of parliamentAfrikaans wet van die parlement (parlementswet)IsiZulu umthetho wephalamendeIsiXhosa umthetho wepalamenteSiswati umtsetfo wephalamendeIsiNdebele umthetho wepalamendeSetswana molao wa palamenteSepedi molao wa palamenteSesotho molaoTshivenḓa mulayo wa phalamenndeXitsonga nawu wa palamende
additional member systemAfrikaans proporsionele stelsel (stelsel van proporsionele verteenwoordiging)IsiZulu uhlelo lokwengeza amalunguIsiXhosa inkqubo yokongeza ilunguSiswati indlela yekwengeta lilunga (luhlelo lwekwengeta
A
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lilunga)IsiNdebele irherho lokungezelela ilungaSetswana thulaganyo ya lelokotlaleletso (thulaganyo ya tokololotlaleletso)Sepedi tshepetšo ya leloko la tlaleletšoSesotho kgetho ya setho sa tlatsetsoTshivenḓa sisteme ya u engedza miraḓo (maitele a u engedza miraḓo)Xitsonga maendlelo yo engetela mpimoxiave sisiteme yo engetela mpimoxiave
adequate registration ratioAfrikaans voldoende registrasieverhoudingIsiZulu ubhalisomininingwane olwaneleIsiXhosa umlinganiselo wobhaliso owaneleyoSiswati lubhaliso lolwenelisakoIsiNdebele isilinganiso sokuzitlolisa esanelisakoSetswana kaboikwadiso e e lekanengSepedi tekanelano ya boingwadišo ya malebaSesotho tekanyetso ya lenane la boingodisoTshivenḓa ndivhanele ya vhuḓiṅwalisi i fushaho
Xitsonga mpimoxiave wo ringanela wa lava tsariseke
adjusted allocationAfrikaans aangepaste toewysingIsiZulu isabelo esilungisiwe (isabelo esilinganisiwe)IsiXhosa isabelo esilungelelanisiweyo (isabelo esihlengahlengisiweyo)Siswati sabelo lesilungisiweIsiNdebele isabelo esilinganisiwekoSetswana kabotolamisoSepedi kabo yeo e lekaneditšwegoSesotho kabo e lokisitswengTshivenḓa nyavhelo yo sungusedzwahoXitsonga avelo wa switulu leswi ringanyetiweke
allocation of seats (apportionment)Afrikaans toewysing van setelsIsiZulu isabiwozihlalo ngokumelelekaIsiXhosa ukwabiwa kwezihlaloSiswati kwabiwa kwetihlaloIsiNdebele ukwabiwa kweenhlaloSetswana kabo ya dituloSepedi kabo ya dituloSesotho kabo ya dituloTshivenḓa nyavhelo ya madzuloXitsonga avelo wa switulu
amended quotaAfrikaans gewysigde kwotaIsiZulu isabelo esichitshiyelweIsiXhosa isabelo esiphuculweyoSiswati sabelo lesichitjelweIsiNdebele isabelo esikhitjelelwekoSetswana karolelophetolwa (kabelano e e fetotsweng)Sepedi kabelano ye e fetotšwegoSesotho khouta e ntlafaditswengTshivenḓa mukovhe wo khwiniswahoXitsonga mpimo lowu cinciweke
announcement of resultsAfrikaans aankondiging van verkiesingsuitslaeIsiZulu ukumenyezelwa kwemiphumelaIsiXhosa ubhengezo lweziphumoSiswati kumenyetelwa kwemiphumelaIsiNdebele ukumenyezelwa kwemiphumelaSetswana kitsiso ya dipholo Sepedi tsebagatšo ya dipoeloSesotho phatlalatso ya sephetoTshivenḓa u ḓivhadzwa ha mveleloXitsonga ntiviso wa mbuyelo
A
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apparentement (election coalition, electoral alliance, electoral pact)Afrikaans verkiesingsalliansie (apparentement)IsiZulu ukusebenzisana kwamaqembu (ukubambisana kwamaqembu)IsiXhosa ubumbano lwamaqela kunyuloSiswati kuhlanganyela kwetinhlanganoIsiNdebele ihlanganyela yeenhlangano (ukuhlanganyela kweenhlangano)Setswana tirisano (tshwaragano ya ditlhopha tsa dipoletiki)Sepedi kgwerano ya mekgatlo ya dipolitikiSesotho selekane sa mekga ya dipolotikiTshivenḓa ṱhanganelano ya madzanganoXitsonga nhlanganelo wa mavandla
assignment of functionsAfrikaans toewysing van werksaamhedeIsiZulu ukwabiwa kwemisebenziIsiXhosa ukwabiwa kwemisebenziSiswati kwabiwa kwemisebentiIsiNdebele ukwabela imisebenzi (ukwaba imisebenzi)Setswana kaboditiroSepedi kabelo ya mešomoSesotho kabo ya mesebetsiTshivenḓa nyavhelo ya mishumoXitsonga avelo wa mitirho
A
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assisted votingAfrikaans bygestaande stemmingIsiZulu ukuvota ngokusizwaIsiXhosa ukuvota ngokuncediswaSiswati kuvota ngekusitwaIsiNdebele ukuvowuda ngokusizwa (ukuvowuda ngokulekelelwa)Setswana - thusiwa go bouta (- thusiwa go tlhopha, - thusiwa go vouta)Sepedi go bouta o thušwa Sesotho ho kgetha ka ho thuswaTshivenḓa u thusiwa u vouta (u thusiwa u khetha)Xitsonga ku vhota hi ku pfuniwa (ku hlawula hi ku pfuniwa)
assumption of officeAfrikaans ampsaanvaardingIsiZulu ukuqala esikhundleniIsiXhosa ukuqalisa esikhundleniSiswati kutsatsa sikhundlaIsiNdebele ukuthoma ukusebenzaSetswana tshimololotiroSepedi go thoma mošomoSesotho -qalo ya tshebetsoTshivenḓa u thoma mushumoXitsonga ku sungula ku tirha
awareness campaignAfrikaans bewusmakingsveldtogIsiZulu umkhankaso wokunxenxa (umkhankaso wokwazisa ngokhetho)IsiXhosa iphulo logayo-votiSiswati umkhankhaso wekwatisaIsiNdebele ijima lokuyelelisaSetswana letsholotemosoSepedi lesolo la kwalakwatšo (lesolokwalakwatšo)Sesotho letsholo la tlhokomedisoTshivenḓa fulo ḽa u ndimusoXitsonga pfhumba ra ndzemukiso
(umlawuli webhuthi yokuvowudela, umlawuli werhorhomeje yokuvowudela)Setswana molaolantlwana- tlhophelo (molaolaphaposana- tlhophelo)Sepedi molaodi wa ntlwana ya go boutelaSesotho molaodi wa sekgutlwana sa ho kgethelaTshivenḓa mulangalufhera lwa u voutela (mulangalufhera lwa u khethela)Xitsonga mulawulaxiyindlwana xo hlawulela (mulawulaxiyindlwana xo vhotela)
ballot boxAfrikaans stembusIsiZulu ibhokisi lamavotiIsiXhosa ibhokisi yeevotiSiswati libhokisi lemavotiIsiNdebele ibhokisi lamavowuduSetswana lebokosopam- piritlhopho (lebokosobaloto)Sepedi lepokisi la go boutelaSesotho lebokose la dikgethoTshivenḓa bogisi ḽa u voutela (bogisi ḽa u khethela)
Xitsonga bokisi ra maphepha yo hlawulela (bokisi ra maphepha yo vhotela,bokisi ra tibaloto)
ballot box controllerAfrikaans stembuskontroleur (stembuskontroleerder)IsiZulu umlawuli webhokisi lamavotiIsiXhosa umlawuli webhokisi yeevotiSiswati umlawuli welibhokisi lemavotiIsiNdebele umlawuli webhokisi lamavowuduSetswana molaolabokosopam- piriditlhopho (molaolabokosobaloto)Sepedi molaodi wa lepokisi la go boutelaSesotho molaodi wa lebokose la dikgethoTshivenḓa mulangabogisi ḽa u voutela (mulangabogisi ḽa u khethela)Xitsonga mulawulabokisi ro chela tivhoti mulawulabokisi ro chela tibaloto
B
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ballot paperAfrikaans stembriefIsiZulu iphepha lokuvotaIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvotaSiswati liphepha lekuvota (ibhalothi)IsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowudaSetswana pampiritlhopho (baloto)Sepedi pampiri ya go boutaSesotho pampiri ya dikgethoTshivenḓa bammbiri ḽa u voutela (bammbiri ḽa u khethela)Xitsonga phepha ro vhotela (baloto, phepha ro hlawulela)
ballot paper issuerAfrikaans stembriefuitreikerIsiZulu umnikezimaphepha okuvotaIsiXhosa umniki-maphepha okuvotaSiswati lonikana emaphepha ekuvota (lowemukelisa emaphepha ekuvota)IsiNdebele umphakisi wamaphepha wokuvowuda (umphakisi wamaphepha wokukhetha)Setswana moneeladipam- piritlhopho Sepedi moabi wa pampiri ya go boutaSesotho moabi wa pampiri ya dikgetho
Tshivenḓa muphakheli wa mabammbiri a u voutela (muphakheli wa mabammbiri a u khethela)Xitsonga muphakeli wa maphepha yo vhotela (muphakeri wa maphepha yo hlawulela, muphakeri wa tibaloto)
ballot paper table {inventory}Afrikaans stembrieftafelIsiZulu itafula lamaphepha okuvotaIsiXhosa itafile yamaphepha okuvotaSiswati litafula lemaphepha ekuvotaIsiNdebele itafula yamaphepha wokuvowudaSetswana tafolepampiritlhopho (tafolebaloto)Sepedi tafola ya dipampiri tša go boutaSesotho tafole ya pampiri ya dikgethoTshivenḓa ṱafula ḽa mabammbiri a u voutela (ṱafula ḽa mabammbiri a u khethela)Xitsonga tafula ra maphepha yo vhotela (tafula ra maphepha yo hlawulela, tafula ra tibaloto)
ileyibula enebhakhowudu)Setswana letshwaobaakhoutuSepedi leswao la paakhouteSesotho letshwao la bakhoutuTshivenḓa ḽebuḽu i re na baakhouduXitsonga mfungho wa bakhodi
bill {law}Afrikaans wetsontwerpIsiZulu umthethosivivinywaIsiXhosa umthetho osayilwayo (ibhili)Siswati umtsetfosivivinywaIsiNdebele umthethomlingwaSetswana molaotlhomo (molaokakangwa)Sepedi molaokakanywaSesotho setshwantsho sa molaoTshivenḓa mulayotibeXitsonga nawumbisi
bill of human rights g bill of rights
bill of rights (bill of human rights)Afrikaans handves van regte (handves van menseregte)IsiZulu umqulu wamalungelo (umqulu wamalungelo abantu)IsiXhosa usomqulu wamalungelo (umqulu wamalungelo oluntu)Siswati umculu wemalungeloIsiNdebele ivikelamalungeloSetswana molaotlhomo wa ditshwanelo (molaokaedi wa ditshwanelo, molaokakangwa wa ditshwanelo)Sepedi molao wa ditokeloSesotho bili ya ditokelo
Tshivenḓa mulayo wa pfanelo dza vhathuXitsonga nxaxamelo wa timfanelo
cardboard rollAfrikaans kartonrolIsiZulu iqoqamniningwaneIsiXhosa isiqulathi sezixhobo zovotoSiswati sigocotelitinsitaIsiNdebele isiphutheli seensetjenziswa zekhethoSetswana rolo ya khatebotoSepedi rolo ya khatepotoSesotho khatebotoTshivenḓa rolo ya khadibogisiXitsonga xiphutselo xa khadibodo
cast a ballot (cast a vote)Afrikaans stem (stem uitbring)IsiZulu ukuvotaIsiXhosa votaSiswati khetsa (vota)IsiNdebele -vowuda (-khetha)
Setswana tlhopha (vouta)Sepedi -boutaSesotho -kgethaTshivenḓa u khetha (u vouta)Xitsonga ku hlawula (ku vhota)
cast a vote g cast a ballot
casual vacancyAfrikaans toevallige vakatureIsiZulu isikhala sesikhashana (itoho)IsiXhosa isingxungxoSiswati sikhala sesikhashanaIsiNdebele isikhala sesikhatjhanaSetswana phatlhatironakwanaSepedi sekgoba sa nakwanaSesotho sekgeo sa mosebetsi sa nakwanaTshivenḓa mushumo wa tshifhinganyanaXitsonga xivandla xa nkarhinyana
categorical ballotAfrikaans kategoriese stemmingIsiZulu ukuvota kanyeIsiXhosa udidi lwevotiSiswati liphepha lekukhetsa kanye (liphepha lekuvota kanye)IsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowuda kanye (iphepha lokukhetha kanye)Setswana tlhophonngweSepedi bouto ya kgethoteeSesotho pampiri ya ho kgetha ha nngwe
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Tshivenḓa bammbiri ḽa u khetha luthihi (bammbiri ḽa u vouta luthihi)Xitsonga nhlawulo wo hlawula muyimelakulanghwa kumbe vandla (nhlawulo wo vhotela muyimelakulanghwa kumbe vandla)
Charter of Human RightsAfrikaans Handves van MenseregteIsiZulu Umqulu Wamalungelo AbantuIsiXhosa uMqulu wamaLungelo oluNtuSiswati Umculu Wemalungelo EluntfuIsiNdebele umTlolomalungelo woBuntuSetswana tšhate ya ditshwanelo tsa botho (lokwalo lwa ditshwanelo tsa botho)Sepedi Sengwalwa sa Ditokelo tša BothoSesotho Tjhata ya Ditokelo tsa BothoTshivenḓa Thendelanonzwiwa ya Pfanelo dza Vhathu (Tshati ya Pfanelo dza Vhathu)Xitsonga Tsalwa ra Timfanelo ta Ximunhu
chief electoral officerAfrikaans hoofverkiesings- beampteIsiZulu inhloko yokhethoIsiXhosa igosa lonyulo eliyintlokoSiswati inhloko leyengamele lukhetfoIsiNdebele isiphathiswa esikhulu sezamakhethoSetswana motlhankedimogolo wa ditlhopho (motlhophisemogolo)Sepedi mohlankedimogolo wa dikgethoSesotho mohlanka e moholo wa dikgethoTshivenḓa muofisiri muhulwane wa khethoXitsonga muofisirinkulu wa nhlawulo
code of conductAfrikaans gedragskodeIsiZulu indlela yokuziphathaIsiXhosa umgaqo wokuziphathaSiswati indlela yekutiphatsaIsiNdebele imithetho yokuziphathaSetswana melawana ya maitsholoSepedi melao ya boitshwaroSesotho molawana wa boitshwaroTshivenḓa milayo ya vhuḓifariXitsonga milawu ya matikhomelo
common voters’ roll (voters’ roll) {in an area}Afrikaans algemene kieserslysIsiZulu uhlu lwabavotiIsiXhosa uluhlu lwabavotiSiswati luhlu lwebavotiIsiNdebele irhelo labavowudiSetswana lenaane la batlhophiSepedi lenaneo la bakgethiSesotho lenane la bakgethiTshivenḓa mutevheguṱe wa vhakhethi (mutevheguṱe wa vhavouti)Xitsonga nxaxamelo wa vahlawuri (nxaxamelo wa vavhoti)
IsiXhosa uluhlu lwabavoti ngokohlangaSiswati luhlu lwebavoti ngekwebuhlangaIsiNdebele umtlolo wabalungele ukuvowuda (irolo yabavowudi)Setswana lenaanetlhophi (lenaane la batlhophi)Sepedi lenaneotlhaolele la bakgethiSesotho karolo ya lenane la bakgethiTshivenḓa redzhistara ya vhakhethi (redzhistara ya vhavouti)Xitsonga rhijistara ra vahlawuri (rhijistara ra vavhoti)
community representativeAfrikaans gemeenskapsver- teenwoordigerIsiZulu omele umphakathiIsiXhosa ummeli woluntuSiswati ummeleli wemmangoIsiNdebele umjameli womphakathiSetswana moemedi wa baagiSepedi moemedi wa setšhabaSesotho moemedi wa setjhabaTshivenḓa muimeleli wa tshitshavha (muimeleli wa vhadzulapo)Xitsonga muyimeri wa muganga
compilation formAfrikaans kompilasievormIsiZulu ifomu lokuqoqela imininingwaneIsiXhosa ifom yozaliso- nkcukachaSiswati lifomuIsiNdebele iforomo lemininingwanaSetswana foromoSepedi foromo yeo e beakantšwegoSesotho foromo e tlatswangTshivenḓa fomo ya u kuvhanganyaXitsonga fomo
constituency councilAfrikaans kiesafdelingsbestuurIsiZulu umkhandlu wabamele iqembuIsiXhosa ibhunga lommandla wovotoSiswati umkhandlu wesigodzilukhetfo (umkhandlu wesigcemelukhetfo)IsiNdebele umkhandlu wesifundakhethoSetswana kgotla ya kgaolotlhopho (khansele ya karolotlhopho)Sepedi khantshele ya karolokgethoSesotho khansele ya lebatowaTshivenḓa khoro ya vhukhethelo
Xitsonga huvo ya xifundza xa vahlawuri (huvo ya xifundza xa vavhoti)
constituency systemAfrikaans kiesafdelingstelselIsiZulu inqubo yesiyingi sokhethoIsiXhosa inkqubo yommandla wovotoSiswati inchubo yesigodzilukhetfo (inchubo yesigcemelukhetfo)IsiNdebele irherho lesifundakhethoSetswana thulaganyo ya kgaolotlhopho (thulaganyo ya karolotlhopho)Sepedi tshepetšo ya karolokgethoSesotho mokgwa wa tsamaiso ya lebatowaTshivenḓa sisteme ya vhukhetheloXitsonga huvo ya xifundza
Sepedi Kgorotsheko ya MolaotheoSesotho Lekgotla la Dinyewe tsa Molao wa MotheoTshivenḓa Khothe ya NdayotewaXitsonga Huvo ya Vumbiwa (Khoto ya Vumbiwa)
constitutional democracyAfrikaans grondwetlike demokrasieIsiZulu intando yabantu ngokomthethosisekeloIsiXhosa intando yesininzi esekelwe kumgaqo- sisekoSiswati intsandvo yelinyenti ngekwemtsetfosisekeloIsiNdebele umthethosisekelo wentando yenengiSetswana temokerasi ya MolaotheoSepedi temokerasi ya go thewa godimo ga molaotheoSesotho demokerasi ya molao wa motheoTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya ndayotewa (dimokhrasi ya mulayotewa)Xitsonga xidemokirasi xa vumbiwa
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constitutional rightAfrikaans grondwetlike regIsiZulu ilungelo ngokomthe- thosisekeloIsiXhosa ilungelo ngokomgaqo-sisekoSiswati lilungelo ngekwemtsetfosisekeloIsiNdebele ilungelo ngokomthethosisekeloSetswana tshwanelo- semolaotheoSepedi tokelo go ya ka molaotheoSesotho tokelo ya molao wa motheoTshivenḓa pfanelo ya ndayotewa (pfanelo ya mulayotewa)Xitsonga mfanelo ya vumbiwa
contravention of codeAfrikaans oortreding van kodeIsiZulu ukuphikisana nendlela yokuziphathaIsiXhosa ukwaphulwa komgaqoSiswati kwephula umgomo lobekiweIsiNdebele ukwephula umthetho (ukweqa umthetho)Setswana kgatakomolawana (tlolomolawana)Sepedi tshelo ya melawanaSesotho tlolo ya molao wa boitshwaroTshivenḓa u pfuka mulayoXitsonga ku tlula nawu
Setswana lefelo le le laolwangSepedi lefelo leo le laolwagoSesotho sebaka se taolongTshivenḓa vhupo ha ndaulo (vhupo vhu laulwaho)Xitsonga ndhawu leyi lawuriwaka
ophambeneko (-nomphumela ophikisako)Setswana poelomoragoSepedi ditlamorago tšeo di sa emelwagoSesotho sepheto se hananangTshivenḓa u lwa na mveledzisoXitsonga mbuyelokaneto
counting centre g counting station
counting checklistAfrikaans telkontrolelysIsiZulu okubhekwayoIsiXhosa uluhlu lokuqinisekisa okubalwayoSiswati luhlu lwekuhlola lubaloIsiNdebele irhelohlolo lokubalaSetswana lenaanenetefatso (lenaanetlhomamiso)Sepedi lenaneotekolo la go balwa ga diboutoSesotho lenanetekolo la ho balaTshivenḓa mutevhetsedzulusi wa kuvhaleleXitsonga nongoloko wa nkambelo wa nhlayelo
counting irregularityAfrikaans tel-onreëlmatigheidIsiZulu iphutha ekubaleniIsiXhosa ubugwenxa kubaloSiswati liphutsa ekubaleniIsiNdebele umtjhapho wokubalaSetswana phosopaleloSepedi phošo ya go balela
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diboutoSesotho phoso palongTshivenḓa vhukhakhi kha u vhalaXitsonga xihoxo xo hlayela
counting officerAfrikaans telbeampteIsiZulu obhekelela ukubalaIsiXhosa igosa lobalo eliphetheyoSiswati sisebenti sekubalaIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sezokubalaSetswana motlhankedipaleloSepedi mohlankedi wa go balela diboutoSesotho mohlanka wa ho balaTshivenḓa muofisiri wa u vhalaXitsonga muofisiri wo hlayela
counting of votesAfrikaans tel van stemmeIsiZulu ukubalwa kwamavotiIsiXhosa ubalo lweevotiSiswati kubalwa kwemavotiIsiNdebele ukubalwa kwamavowudiSetswana paloditlhopho (palodivoutu)Sepedi go bala diboutoSesotho palo ya dikgethoTshivenḓa u vhaliwa ha dzivoutuXitsonga ku hlayeriwa ka tivhoti
wokubalaIsiXhosa ifom yengxelo yobaloSiswati lifomu lekubika ngekubalaIsiNdebele iforomo lombiko wokubalaSetswana foromopegelo ya paloditlhopho (foromopegelo ya palodivoutu)Sepedi foromo ya pego ya go balwa ga diboutoSesotho foromo ya tlaleho ya ho balaTshivenḓa fomo ya muvhigo wa u vhalaXitsonga fomo ya xiviko xa nhlayelo
counting station (counting centre)Afrikaans telsentrumIsiZulu isikhungo sokubalelaIsiXhosa iziko lobalo (isikhululo sokubalela)Siswati siteshi sekubalela (sikhungo sekubalela)IsiNdebele isitetjhi sokubalelaSetswana seteišene sa paloditlhopho (senthara ya paloditlhopho)Sepedi setiši sa go balela diboutoSesotho setsi sa ho ballaTshivenḓa senthara ya u vhala (tshiṱitshi tsha u vhala)Xitsonga xitichi xo hlayelela tivhoti
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cronyismAfrikaans boetieïsme (kornuitbegunstiging)IsiZulu ukuqasha ngokwazana (ukuqasha ngobungani)IsiXhosa ukuqesha abahlobo kwizikhundla zolawuloSiswati kucashana ngekwatana (kucashana ngebungani)IsiNdebele ukuqatjhana ngokwazana ngokwepolotikiSetswana thapo- ka- botsalaSepedi thwalo ka sekgotseSesotho sewesowesoTshivenḓa tshiḓivhanoXitsonga ku tholana hi ku tivana (ku tholana hi xixaka)
cross-cutting cleavage (cross-cutting support)Afrikaans dwarssnydende steunIsiZulu ukwethembeka eqenjiniIsiXhosa intembeko yabavoti engenalucaluloSiswati kwetsembeka kwebavoti lokungenambandzela (kwetsembeka kwebavoti lokungakhetsi, kwetsembeka kwebavoti lokungenamncele)IsiNdebele ukuthembeka ngokunganamkhawuloSetswana boineelotatediSepedi potegelo ya go se hlaole magomoSesotho botshepehi bo sa kgethengTshivenḓa thikhedzo ya mirafho yoṱheXitsonga ntshembo wa vaseketeri ku nga ri hi mbala
lilunga kanyentiIsiNdebele ilungelo lokukhetha umuntu munye kanengiSetswana tlhophontsi ya ntlhophengSepedi kgethontšiSesotho kgetho ya motho a le mong ha ngataTshivenḓa u khetha lunzhi (u vouta lunzhi)Xitsonga ku hlawula muyimelakulangwa ko tala (ku vhotela muyimelakulangwa ko tala)
declaration of secrecyAfrikaans verklaring van geheimhoudingIsiZulu isifungo sobumfihloIsiXhosa isifungo sobumfihlo (isifungo semfihlo)Siswati sifungo sekuba nemfihlo (sifungo sekuba nesifuba)IsiNdebele isifungo sokuba nefihloSetswana kanobophiriSepedi boikano bja go swara sephiriSesotho kano ya ho boloka sephiriTshivenḓa muano wa tshiphiriXitsonga xihlambanyo xa vuhundla
declaration voteAfrikaans verklaringstemIsiZulu ivoti longekho ohlwini kunobufakazi bokubhalisaIsiXhosa ivoti yobengekho kuluhlu lwabavotiSiswati kuvota ngekucinisekisaIsiNdebele ivowudi yokuqinisekisaSetswana tlhophokano (voutukano)Sepedi bouto ya boikanoSesotho kgetho ka kanoTshivenḓa voutu ya khwaṱhisedzo (khetho ya khwaṱhisedzo)Xitsonga vhoti ya ku hlambanya
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declare electedAfrikaans verkose verklaarIsiZulu ukumenyezelwa njengokhethiweIsiXhosa -bhengezwe njengowonyuliweyoSiswati -menyetelwe njengalokhetsiweIsiNdebele -menyezelwe njengokhethiwekoSetswana kanotlhophoSepedi tsebišo ya go kgethwaSesotho -phatlalatswa o kgethilweTshivenḓa u ḓivhadzwa uri o khethwaXitsonga ku tivisiwa ku va loyi a hlawuriweke
demarcationAfrikaans afbakeningIsiZulu ukuklamaIsiXhosa ukucandwa kwemidaSiswati kukanisaIsiNdebele ukusika (ukuhlukanisa, ukuqinta)Setswana kgaoganyoSepedi tshego ya mellwaneSesotho tsheho ya moediTshivenḓa mukanoXitsonga ndzelekana
demarcation boardAfrikaans afbakeningsraadIsiZulu ibhodi eliklama imingceleIsiXhosa ibhodi yocando lwemidaSiswati libandla lekukanisa (ibhodi yemincele)IsiNdebele ibhodo yemikhawulo (ibhodo eqintako, ibhodo esikako)Setswana boto ya melelwaneSepedi poto ya tshego ya mellwaneSesotho boto ya tsheho ya moediTshivenḓa bodo ya mikanoXitsonga bodo ya mindzelekana
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demarcation tapeAfrikaans afsperbandIsiZulu intambo yokuklamaIsiXhosa ulutya lokwahlula umda wendawo yovotoSiswati ithephu yekukanisaIsiNdebele itheyiphu yokukhawulelaSetswana theipi ya legoraSepedi theiphi ya go laetša mellwaneSesotho theipi ya tsheho ya moediTshivenḓa theiphi ya mukanoXitsonga thepi ya ndzelekana
Tshivenḓa mufarisamuphresi- dennde (tshanḓa tsha phresidennde)Xitsonga xandla xa puresidente
deputy presiding officerAfrikaans adjunk- voorsittende beampte (adjunk voorsittende beampte)IsiZulu iphini lesikhulu sesikhungo sokuvotaIsiXhosa isekela legosa eliphethe kwiziko lokuvotaSiswati lisekela lemphatsisikhungo (lisekela lemphatsisiteshi)IsiNdebele isekela lesiphathiswa esengamelekoSetswana motlatsa-moelatlhoko wa ditlhopho (motlatsa- motlhokomedi wa ditlhopho)Sepedi motlatšahlogo wa setiši sa dikgethoSesotho motlatsamotsamaisi wa dikgethoTshivenḓa mufarisa mutshimbidzatshiṱitshiXitsonga xandla xa mufambisi wa xitichi xo vhotela
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deregistrationAfrikaans deregistrasieIsiZulu ukusulwaIsiXhosa ukukhutshwa kuluhlu lwabavotiSiswati kwesula eluhlwiniIsiNdebele ukusulwaSetswana phimolokwadisoSepedi go ntšhwa (phumolo)Sesotho hlakola boingodisongTshivenḓa u phumulwaXitsonga nsulo wa ntsariso
designationAfrikaans benoeming (aanwysing)IsiZulu ukuqokaIsiXhosa ukubeka esikhundleniSiswati kucoka (kukobola)IsiNdebele ukubeka (ukukhetha)Setswana tshupokemoSepedi go fa maemo ao a itšegoSesotho ho thonyaTshivenḓa u ta (u topola)Xitsonga ku nyikiwa ntirho
direct democracy {for example in a referendum}Afrikaans regstreekse demokrasieIsiZulu intando yabantu ngqoIsiXhosa urhulumente olawulwa ngabantuSiswati intsandvo yekutikhetsela ngcoIsiNdebele idemokhrasi yokuzijamela
(intando yenengi yokuzijamela)Setswana demokerasitlhamalalo (temokerasitlhamalalo)Sepedi temokerasi ya sebokaSesotho demokerasi ka kotlolohoTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya vhuḓiimeliXitsonga demokirasi yo tiyimela
direct district representationAfrikaans regstreekse distriksverteen- woordigingIsiZulu ukumeleleka ngqo kwesifundaIsiXhosa umelo ngokommandlaSiswati bamelelisigodziIsiNdebele abajameli besiyingiSetswana kemedikgaolo- tlhamalaloSepedi kemedithwii ya seleteSesotho boemedi ba setereke ka kotlolohoTshivenḓa vhuimeli ha tshiṱiriki ho livhanaho (vhuimeli ha tshiṱiriki thwii)Xitsonga vuyimeri bya xifundza
distribution requirementAfrikaans verspreidingsvereisteIsiZulu isidingo sokuphumelelaIsiXhosa imfuneko yokuphumelela ngenkxaso egqibeleleyoSiswati sidzingo sekuphumelelaIsiNdebele ifuneko yokuthumbaSetswana tlhokegokaboSepedi senyakwa sa phatlalatšoSesotho pehelo ya tlholoTshivenḓa ṱhoḓea dza phaḓaladzoXitsonga xilaveko xo humelela
district boundaryAfrikaans distriksgrensIsiZulu umngcele wesifundaIsiXhosa umda wesithiliSiswati umncele wesigodzi (umnyele wesigodzi)IsiNdebele umkhawulo wesiyingiSetswana molelwanekgaoloSepedi mollwane wa seleteSesotho moedi wa seterekeTshivenḓa mukano wa tshiṱirikiXitsonga ndzelekana wa xifundza
district councilAfrikaans distriksraadIsiZulu umkhandlu wesifundaIsiXhosa ibhunga lesithiliSiswati umkhandlu wesigodziIsiNdebele umkhandlu wesiyingiSetswana lekgotlakgaolo (khanselekgaolo)Sepedi khantshele ya seleteSesotho khansele ya setereke (lekgotla la setereke)Tshivenḓa khoro ya tshiṱirikiXitsonga huvo ya xifundza (khansele ya xifundza)
sezamakhetho sesiyingiSetswana motlhankeditlhopho wa kgaoloSepedi mohlankedi wa dikgetho wa seleteSesotho mohlanka wa dikgetho seterekengTshivenḓa muofisiri wa khetho kha tshiṱirikiXitsonga muofisiri wa nhlawulo wa xifundza
district magnitude{number of members}Afrikaans distrikgrootteIsiZulu isibalo samalungu azokhethwa esifundeniIsiXhosa inani lamalungu aza konyulwa kwisithiliSiswati linani lemalunga latawukhetfwa esigodziniIsiNdebele inani lamalunga azokukhethwa esiyinginiSetswana bogolotlhophi jwa kgaoloSepedi palo ya bonkgetheng ba seleteSesotho palo ya bakgethwa seterekengTshivenḓa tshivhalo tsha vhonkhetheniXitsonga nhlayo ya swirho leswi faneleke ku hlawuriwa eka xifundza
district municipalityAfrikaans distriksmunisipaliteitIsiZulu umasipala wesifundaIsiXhosa umasipala wesithiliSiswati masipaladi wesigodziIsiNdebele umasipaladi wesiyingiSetswana mmasepala wa kgaoloSepedi mmasepala wa seleteSesotho masepala wa seterekeTshivenḓa masipala wa tshiṱirikiXitsonga masipala wa xifundza
district officerAfrikaans distriksbeampteIsiZulu obhekelela ukhetho esifundeniIsiXhosa igosa lesithiliSiswati umphatsisigodziIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sesiyingiSetswana motlhankedikgaoloSepedi mohlankedi wa seleteSesotho mohlanka wa dikgetho seterekengTshivenḓa muofisiri wa tshiṱirikiXitsonga muofisiri wa xifundza
door controllerAfrikaans deurkontroleur (deurkontroleerder)IsiZulu umlawulimnyangoIsiXhosa olawula emnyangoSiswati umlawulimnyangoIsiNdebele umlawulimnyangoSetswana molaolakgoro (molaolabotseno)Sepedi molaodi wa monyakongSesotho molaodi wa monyakoTshivenḓa mulangavhudzhenoXitsonga mulawularivanti
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EEC g Independent Electoral Commission
EISA g Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa
IsiNdebele iphiko lezokulawulwa kwamakhethoSetswana lephatatsama- isoditlhophoSepedi lefapha la taolo ya dikgethoSesotho lekala la tsamaiso ya dikgethoTshivenḓa ndaulo ya vhutshimbidzakhethoXitsonga rhavi ra mafambiselo ya nhlawulo
election administration divisionAfrikaans verkiesingsadminis- trasieafdeling (afdeling verkiesings- administrasie)IsiZulu uphiko lokuphathwa kokhethoIsiXhosa icandelo elilawula imicimbi yonyuloSiswati luhlangotsi loluphetse lukhetfoIsiNdebele ihlangothi lezokulawulwa kwamakhethoSetswana lekalatsamais- oditlhophoSepedi karolo ya taolo ya dikgethoSesotho lekalana la tsamaiso ya dikgetho
Tshivenḓa khethekanyo ya vhutshimbidzakhethoXitsonga xiyenge xa mafambiselo ya nhlawulo
election campaign g campaign
election centreAfrikaans verkiesingsentrumIsiZulu isizinda sokhetho (umgogodla wokhetho)IsiXhosa iziko lonyuloSiswati sikhungo selukhetfoIsiNdebele isikhungo samakhetho (isentha yamakhetho)Setswana sentharatlhophoSepedi senthara ya dikgethoSesotho setsi sa dikgethoTshivenḓa senthara ya khetho (senthara ya u vouta)Xitsonga senthara yo hlawulela (senthara yo vhotela)
election coalition g apparentement
election dateAfrikaans verkiesingsdatumIsiZulu usuku lokhethoIsiXhosa umhla wonyuloSiswati lusuku lwelukhetfoIsiNdebele umhla wekhethoSetswana letlha la ditlhophoSepedi letšatšikgwedi la dikgethoSesotho letsatsi la dikgethoTshivenḓa datumu ya khethoXitsonga nkarhi wa nhlawulo (nkarhi wo vhota)
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election day (voting day)Afrikaans stemdag (verkiesingsdag)IsiZulu ilanga lokhethoIsiXhosa usuku lonyulo (usuku lokuvota)Siswati lilanga lelukhetfoIsiNdebele ilanga lekhethoSetswana letlhatlhophoSepedi letšatši la dikgethoSesotho letsatsi la dikgethoTshivenḓa ḓuvha ḽa khethoXitsonga siku ra nhlawulo (siku ro vhota)
yezamakhethoSetswana tsamaiso ya ditlhophoSepedi tshepedišo ya dikgethoSesotho tshebetso ya dikgethoTshivenḓa maitele a khethoXitsonga maendlelo ya nhlawulo
election purposeAfrikaans verkiesingsdoelIsiZulu inhloso yokhethoIsiXhosa injongo yonyuloSiswati inhloso yelukhetfo (injongo yelukhetfo)IsiNdebele ihloso yekhetho (umqopho wekhetho)Setswana maitlhomo a ditlhophoSepedi maikemišetšo a dikgetho (nepo ya dikgetho)Sesotho sepheo sa dikgethoTshivenḓa ndivho ya khethoXitsonga xikongomelo xa nhlawulo
election system (electoral system)Afrikaans kiesstelselIsiZulu uhlelo lokhethoIsiXhosa imigaqo yonyuloSiswati luhlelo lwelukhetfoIsiNdebele irherho lekhethoSetswana thulaganyo ya ditlhophoSepedi mokgwatshepetšo wa dikgethoSesotho mokgwa wa tshebetso dikgethongTshivenḓa sisteme ya khethoXitsonga matirhelo ya swa nhlawulo
election timetableAfrikaans verkiesingstydroosterIsiZulu uhlelosikhathi lokhethoIsiXhosa uhlelo-xesha lonyuloSiswati luhlelosikhatsi lwelukhetfoIsiNdebele ihlelosikhathi lekhethoSetswana lenaneotsamaiso la ditlhophoSepedi lenaneo la dikgethoSesotho lenane la tshebetso dikgethongTshivenḓa tsumbazwifhinga ya khethoXitsonga xikombamatirhelo xa nhlawulo
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election tribunalAfrikaans verkiesingstribunaalIsiZulu inkantolo yezokhethoIsiXhosa inkundla yemicimbi yonyulo (ikomiti yemicimbi yonyulo)Siswati inkantolo yelukhetfo yesikhashanaIsiNdebele Ibandla lokuzibilayeza lamakhethoSetswana lekgotlana la ditlhophoSepedi lekgotlatshekelo la dikgethoSesotho lekgotla la dinyewe tsa dikgethoTshivenḓa khorokhaṱhuli ya khethoXitsonga huvo ya nawu ya swa nhlawulo
elector g voter
Electoral ActAfrikaans KieswetIsiZulu Umthetho WokhethoIsiXhosa iElectoral Act (uMthetho woNyulo)Siswati Umtsetfo WetelukhetfoIsiNdebele umThetho wezamaKhethoSetswana Molao wa DitlhophoSepedi Molao wa DikgethoSesotho Molao wa DikgethoTshivenḓa Mulayo wa KhethoXitsonga Nawu wa swa Nhlawulo
electoral advertisingAfrikaans verkiesingsreklameIsiZulu ukukhangisa ngezokhethoIsiXhosa ukwazisa ngezonyuloSiswati kukhangisa ngetelukhetfoIsiNdebele ukukhangisa zamakhethoSetswana papatsoditlhophoSepedi kwalakwatšo ya dikgethoSesotho papatso ya dikgethoTshivenḓa vhukungedzeli ha khethoXitsonga vunavetisi bya swa nhlawulo
electoral agentAfrikaans verkiesingsagentIsiZulu ummeleli weqembu okhethweniIsiXhosa umququzeleli womgqatswa kunyuloSiswati sitfunywa ngekwelukhetfo (sitfunywa elukhetfweni)IsiNdebele umjameli wezamakhethoSetswana moemedi wa ditlhophoSepedi moemedi wa dikgethoSesotho moemedi wa mokga dikgethongTshivenḓa zhendedzi ḽa khethoXitsonga muyimeri wa nhlawulo
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electoral alliance g apparentement
electoral behaviourAfrikaans kiesersgedragIsiZulu ukuziphatha ngesikhathi sokhethoIsiXhosa indlela yokuziphatha ngexesha lonyuloSiswati kutiphatsa ngesikhatsi selukhetfoIsiNdebele ukuziphatha ngesikhathi samakhethoSetswana maitsholoditlhophongSepedi maitshwaro nakong ya dikgethoSesotho boitshwaro dikgethongTshivenḓa vhuḓifari khethoniXitsonga matikhomelo hi nkarhi wa nhlawulo
Electoral BillAfrikaans KieswetsontwerpIsiZulu Umthethosivivinywa WokhethoIsiXhosa uMthetho woNyulo osaYilwayoSiswati Umtsetfosivivinywa WetelukhetfoIsiNdebele umThethomlingwa wezamaKhethoSetswana Molaotlhomo wa DitlhophoSepedi Molaokakanywa wa DikgethoSesotho Setshwantsho sa Molao wa DikgethoTshivenḓa Mulayotibe wa Khetho
Xitsonga Nawumbisi wa swa Nhlawulo (Nawumbisi wa Nhlawulo)
Electoral Code of ConductAfrikaans Verkiesings- gedragskodeIsiZulu Indlela Yokuziphatha YokhethoIsiXhosa uMgaqo wokuziPhatha ngexesha loNyuloSiswati Indlela Yekutiphatsa ngesikhatsi SetelukhetfoIsiNdebele ImiThetho yokuziPhatha kezamaKhethoSetswana Molawana wa Maitsholo ka nako ya DitlhophoSepedi Molawana wa Boitshwaro wa DikgethoSesotho Molawana wa Boitshwaro DikgethongTshivenḓa Mulayo ya Vhuḓifari KhethoniXitsonga Milawu ya Matikhomelo hi Nkarhi wa Nhlawulo
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Electoral Commission g Independent Electoral Commission
Electoral Commission Act {Act 51 of 1996}Afrikaans Wet op die VerkiesingskommissieIsiZulu Umthetho Wekhomishani YokhethoIsiXhosa iElectoral Commission Act (uMthetho weKomishini yoNyulo, uMthetho weKomishoni yoNyulo)Siswati Umtsetfo Wekhomishini YelukhetfoIsiNdebele umThetho weKomitjhini yezamaKhethoSetswana Molao wa Khomišhene ya DitlhophoSepedi Molao wa Khomišene ya DikgethoSesotho Molao wa Khomishene ya DikgethoTshivenḓa Mulayo wa Khomishini ya KhethoXitsonga Nawu wa Khomixini ya Nhlawulo
Electoral CourtAfrikaans VerkiesingshofIsiZulu Inkantolo YezokhethoIsiXhosa iNkundla yamatyala oNyuloSiswati Inkantolo Yelukhetfo (Likhotho Lelukhetfo)IsiNdebele iKhotho yezamaKhethoSetswana kgotlatshekelo ya ditlhophoSepedi Kgorotsheko ya DikgethoSesotho Lekgotla la Dinyewe tsa DikgethoTshivenḓa Khothe ya KhethoXitsonga Huvo ya nawu ya swa Nhlawulo (Khoto ya swa Nhlawulo)
electoral district g voting district
electoral formula {calculation of seats}Afrikaans verkiesingsformuleIsiZulu indlela yokubala izihlaloIsiXhosa indlela yokwaba izihlalo ngokweevotiSiswati indlela yekutfola tihlalo (indlela yekubala tihlalo)IsiNdebele indlela yokuthola iinhlaloSetswana mokgwatlhophoSepedi mokgwaphetolelo ya dibouto go dituloSesotho fomula ya kabo ya dituloTshivenḓa fomuḽa ya khethoXitsonga maavelo ya ku kuma switulu
Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa (EISA)Afrikaans Verkiesingsinstituut vir Volhoubare Demokrasie in Afrika (EISA)IsiZulu Inhlangano Yokhetho Ebhekele Intando Yabantu E-Afrika (i-EISA)IsiXhosa iZiko loNyulo elijongene noZinzo leNtando yesiNinzi eAfrica (i-EISA)Siswati sikhungo setelukhetfo (i-EISA) IsiNdebele iHlangano yezamaKhetho yeDemokhrasi eNzinzileko e-Afrika (i-EISA)Setswana EISA (SDTDA, Setheo sa Ditlhopho sa Tsweletso ya
Demokerasi mo Aforika, Setheo sa Ditlhopho sa Tsweletso ya Temokerasi mo Aforika)Sepedi EISA (Institute ya Dikgetho tša Tšwelopele ya Temokerasi ka Afrika)Sesotho EISA (Mokgatlo wa Dikgetho Ntshetsopeleng ya Demokerasi Aforika)Tshivenḓa EISA (Tshiimiswa tsha Khetho tsha Dimokhrasi ya Ndalamo tsha Afrika)Xitsonga EISA (Xiyenge xa swa Nhlawulo xo Yisa eMahlweni Xidemokirasi eAfrika)
electoral lawAfrikaans kiesregIsiZulu umthetho wokhethoIsiXhosa umthetho wonyuloSiswati umtsetfo wetelukhetfoIsiNdebele umthetho wezamakhethoSetswana molao wa ditlhophoSepedi molao wa dikgethoSesotho molao wa dikgethoTshivenḓa mulayo wa khethoXitsonga nawu wa swa nhlawulo
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electoral legislationAfrikaans verkiesingswetgewingIsiZulu ukushaywa komthetho wokhethoIsiXhosa uwiso-mthetho lwezonyuloSiswati umtsetfo wetelukhetfoIsiNdebele umthetho wezamakhethoSetswana molao wa ditlhophoSepedi peomolao ya dikgethoSesotho molao wa dikgethoTshivenḓa mulayo wa khethoXitsonga nawu wa swa nhlawulo
electoral list g voters’ roll
electoral officer (returning officer)Afrikaans kiesbeampteIsiZulu obhekele ukhetho (isiphathimandla sokhetho)IsiXhosa igosa lonyuloSiswati sisebenti setelukhetfoIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sezamakhethoSetswana motlhankedi wa ditlhophoSepedi mohlankedi wa dikgethoSesotho mohlanka wa dikgethoTshivenḓa muofisiri wa khethoXitsonga mutirhi wa swa nhlawulo
IsiNdebele iwadi yekhetho (iwodi yekhetho)Setswana kgorotlhopho (kutletlhopho, watetlhopho)Sepedi wate ya dikgethoSesotho wate ya dikgethoTshivenḓa wadi ya khethoXitsonga wadi ya nhlawulo
eligible voterAfrikaans stemgeregtigdeIsiZulu ofanele ukuvotaIsiXhosa umvoti ofanelekileyoSiswati umvoti lofaneleIsiNdebele umvowudi oneemfaneloSetswana motlhophi yo o dumeletswengSepedi mokgethi wa malokaSesotho mokgethi ya molaongTshivenḓa muvouti o tendelwaho (mukhethi o tendelwaho)Xitsonga muhlawuri loyi a ringaneleke (muvhoti loyi a ringaneleke)
evaluation formAfrikaans evalueringsvormIsiZulu ifomu lokuhlolaIsiXhosa ifom yovandlakanyoSiswati lifomu lekuhlolaIsiNdebele iforomo lokuhlolaSetswana foromotlhatlhoboSepedi foromo ya tekoloSesotho foromo ya tlhahloboTshivenḓa fomo ya vhuṱhaṱhuvhi (fomo ya vhusengulusi)Xitsonga fomo yo kambela (fomo yo hlela)
fieldworkerAfrikaans veldwerkerIsiZulu osebenzela emphakathiniIsiXhosa umsebenzi ophumayo (igosa elijikelezayo, umsebenzi ojikelezayo)Siswati losebentela ngaphandleIsiNdebele isisebenzi esiphumakoSetswana modirimmatlisisiSepedi mošomi wa ka ntleSesotho mosebeletsi wa kantleTshivenḓa mushumelannḓaXitsonga mutirhelahandle
first past the post (FPTP) {system}Afrikaans eerste-oor-die- wenstreepIsiZulu ukuphumelela ngamavoti amaningi (i-FPTP)IsiXhosa ukuphumelela ngeevoti ezininziSiswati lophumelele ngulonemavoti lamanyentiIsiNdebele irherho lefikeleloSetswana FPTP (mofenyi)Sepedi mothopasefoka ka bontši bja diboutoSesotho mohlodi ka paloTshivenḓa muwini nga voutu nnzhisaXitsonga muhumeleri hi tivhoti to tala
fixed voting stationAfrikaans vaste stemlokaalIsiZulu isikhungo sokuvota esinesakhiwoIsiXhosa isikhululo sokuvotela esingenakufuduswaSiswati siteshi sekuvotela lesingesukiIsiNdebele isitetjhi sokuvowudela esinzinzilekoSetswana seteišhenetlhopho- tsepamoSepedi setiši sa dikgetho sa go se šuteSesotho setsi sa kgethelo se tsitsitsengTshivenḓa tshiṱitshi tshi sa sudzuluwi
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Xitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela lexi nga sukiki (xitichi xo vhotela lexi nga sukiki)
floating voter (undecided voter)Afrikaans swerwende kieserIsiZulu umvoti omanqikaIsiXhosa umvoti ongekathathi sigqiboSiswati umvoti losengakancumiIsiNdebele umvowudi ongakaquntiSetswana motlhophi yo o etsaetsegangSepedi mokgethi wa go lokalokaSesotho mokgethi ya lokotsehangTshivenḓa mukhethi a si na vhuimo (mukhethi murwelahoṱhe)Xitsonga muhlawuri loyi a nga si tekaka xiboho (muvhoti loyi a nga si tekaka xiboho)
IsiNdebele isitetjhi sokuvowudela esikosozizweSetswana seteišhenetlhophelo sa boditišhabaSepedi setiši sa go kgetha sa nageng e šeleSesotho setsi sa kgethelo se naheng e seleTshivenḓa tshiṱitshi tsha khetho tsha mashangoḓavhaXitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela xa le tikweni rimbe (xitichi xo vhotela xa le tikweni rimbe)
forfeitureAfrikaans verbeuringIsiZulu ukulahlekelwa (ukuphucwa)IsiXhosa ukulahlekelwaSiswati kwemukwaIsiNdebele ilahlekeloSetswana tatlhegeloSepedi tahlegeloSesotho tahleheloTshivenḓa u ṱunḓululelwa (u lozwa)Xitsonga ndzahlekelo (ku tekeriwa)
franchise {election}Afrikaans stemregIsiZulu ilungelo lokuvotaIsiXhosa ilungelo lokuvotaSiswati lilungelo lekukhetsa (lilungelo lekuvota)IsiNdebele ilungelo lokuvowudaSetswana tshwanelotlhophoSepedi maloka a go boutaSesotho tokelo ya ho kgethaTshivenḓa pfanelo ya u vouta (pfanelo ya u khetha)Xitsonga mfanelo yo hlawula (mfanelo yo vhota)
free and fair electionAfrikaans vrye en regverdige verkiesing (vry en regverdige verkiesing)IsiZulu ukhetho olukhululekile nolunobulungiswaIsiXhosa unyulo olukhululekileyo
Siswati lukhetfo lolukhululekile nalolungavuninhlan- gotsiIsiNdebele ikhetho elikhululekileko nelilungilekoSetswana ditlhopho tse di lokologileng di sa gobeleleSepedi dikgetho tša go lokologa le go hloka bosodiSesotho dikgetho tse lokolohilengTshivenḓa khetho dzo vhofholowahoXitsonga nhlawulo lowu ntshuxekeke no famba kahle
freedom of associationAfrikaans vryheid van assosiasieIsiZulu inkululeko yokuzimbandakanyaIsiXhosa inkululeko yokuzibandakanyaSiswati inkhululeko yekutibandzakanyaIsiNdebele ikululeko yokuhlanganyelaSetswana tshwanelo ya botokololo (tshwanelo ya boitsalanyo)Sepedi tokelo ya boikgetheloSesotho bolokolohi ba boikamanyoTshivenḓa pfanelo ya vhuḓibaḓekanyiXitsonga ntshuxeko wo tihlawulela nhlangano
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freedom of expression Afrikaans vryheid van uitdrukkingIsiZulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekaIsiXhosa inkululeko yokuvakalisa izimvoSiswati inkhululeko yekuvakalisa luvo (inkhululeko yekubeka umbono)IsiNdebele ikululeko yokuveza amazizoSetswana tshwanelotlhagiso- maikutloSepedi tokelo ya go tšweletša maikutloSesotho bolokolohi ba tlhahiso ya maikutloTshivenḓa pfanelo ya u tendelwa u amba (pfanelo ya u amba)Xitsonga ntshunxeko wo vulavula
freedom of speechAfrikaans vryheid van spraakIsiZulu inkululeko yokukhulumaIsiXhosa inkululeko yokuthethaSiswati inkhululeko yekukhulumaIsiNdebele ikululeko yokukhulumaSetswana kgololosego ya puoSepedi tokelo ya poleloSesotho bolokolohi ba ho buaTshivenḓa pfanelo ya u ambaXitsonga ntshuxeko wo vulavula
freedom of votingAfrikaans vrye stemreg (stemvryheid)IsiZulu inkululeko yokuvotaIsiXhosa inkululeko yokuvotaSiswati inkhululeko yekuvotaIsiNdebele ikululeko yokukhetha (ikululeko yokuvowuda)Setswana kgololosego ya go tlhophaSepedi tokelo ya go boutaSesotho bolokolohi ba ho kgethaTshivenḓa pfanelo ya u vouta (pfanelo ya u khetha)Xitsonga ntshuxeko wo hlawula (ntshuxeko wo vhota)
Ggender equalityAfrikaans geslagsgelykheid (gendergelykheid)IsiZulu ukulingana ngokobuliliIsiXhosa ulingano ngokwesiniSiswati kulingana ngekwebulili (lulinganobulili)IsiNdebele ukulingana ngokobuliliSetswana tekatekanobongSepedi tekatekano ya bongSesotho tekano ya bongTshivenḓa ndinganyiso ya mbeu (nyeḓanyiso nga mbeu)Xitsonga ndzinganorimbewu (ndzinganano hi rimbewu)
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general electionAfrikaans algemene verkiesingIsiZulu ukhetho olukhuluIsiXhosa unyulo jikeleleSiswati lukhetfojikeleleIsiNdebele ikhetho zombelele (ikhetho jikelele)Setswana ditlhophokakaretsoSepedi kgethokakaretšoSesotho dikgetho tse akaretsangTshivenḓa khethoguṱeXitsonga nhlawulo wa mani na mani
gerrymanderingAfrikaans afbakeningsgeknoeiIsiZulu uguqulomingcele yezifunda ngamabomuIsiXhosa icebo lokufumana iivoti ngokutshintsha imida (iqhinga lokufumana iivoti ngokutshintsha imida)Siswati kugucuguculwa kwemincele yetigodzi lokunemtselelaIsiNdebele ukuqinta iimfunda zokuvowuda ngokubandlululaSetswana phetolomelelwane ka tsietsoSepedi go radia mellwaneSesotho qhekanyetso tshehong ya moediTshivenḓa u silinga mikano
Xitsonga ku kanganyisa mindzelekana ya swifundza (ku kharanganya mindzelekana ya swifundza)
government {executive functions}Afrikaans regeringIsiZulu uhulumeniIsiXhosa urhulumenteSiswati hulumende (umbuso)IsiNdebele urhulumendeSetswana pusoSepedi mmušoSesotho mmusoTshivenḓa muvhusoXitsonga mfumo
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government department
Afrikaans staatsdepartementIsiZulu umnyango kahulumeniIsiXhosa isebe likarhulumenteSiswati litiko lahulumendeIsiNdebele umnyango karhulumendeSetswana lefapha la mmuso (lefapha la puso)Sepedi kgoro ya mmušoSesotho lefapha la mmusoTshivenḓa muhashoXitsonga ndzawulo ya mfumo
government electionsAfrikaans owerheidsverkiesingsIsiZulu ukhetho lukahulumeniIsiXhosa unyulo lukarhulumenteSiswati lukhetfo lwahulumendeIsiNdebele amakhetho karhulumendeSetswana ditlhopho tsa puso (ditlhopho tsa mmuso)Sepedi dikgetho tša mmušoSesotho dikgetho tsa mmusoTshivenḓa khetho dza muvhusoXitsonga mihlawulo ya mfumo
Setswana Kgatiso ya Mmuso (Kasete ya Puso)Sepedi Kuranta ya MmušoSesotho Gazete ya MmusoTshivenḓa Gurannḓa ya MuvhusoXitsonga Gazete ya Mfumo
Government of National Unity (GNU)Afrikaans Regering van Nasionale Eenheid (RNE)IsiZulu Uhulumeni Wobumbano LukazwelonkeIsiXhosa uRhulumente woBumbano lweSizweSiswati Hulumende Welubumbano WavelonkheIsiNdebele uRhulumende weBumbanoSetswana PusokopaneloSepedi Mmušo wa Botee bja SetšhabaSesotho Mmuso wa Naha wa KopaneloTshivenḓa Muvhuso wa Vhuthihi ha LushakaXitsonga Mfumo wo Kondletela Vun’we bya Rixaka (Mfumo wa Nhlanganelo wa Rixaka)
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grass-roots democracyAfrikaans voetsoolvlakdemokrasieIsiZulu intando yabantu phaqaIsiXhosa inkqubo yolawulo lwesininzi yasekuhlaleniSiswati intsandvo yelinyenti yawonkhewonkhe (idemokhrasi yawonkhewonkhe)IsiNdebele idemokhrasi yabahlali abajayelekilekoSetswana temokerasi ya batho felaSepedi temokerasi ya batho felaSesotho demokerasi ya setjhabaTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya vhathu zwavhoXitsonga xidemokirasi xa xikaya
Sesotho khouta ya kabo ya dituloTshivenḓa quota ya hareXitsonga ndzandzeriso wo avela switulu
head of stateAfrikaans staatshoofIsiZulu inhloko yombusoIsiXhosa umongameliSiswati inhloko yembusoIsiNdebele ihloko yombusoSetswana tlhogo ya naga (tautona)Sepedi hlogo ya nagaSesotho hlooho ya nahaTshivenḓa ṱhoho ya shangoXitsonga murhangeri wa tiko
home visitAfrikaans tuisbesoekIsiZulu ukuhambela amakhayaIsiXhosa ugayo-voti kumzi nomziSiswati kuhambela bavoti emakhaya (kuvakashela bavoti emakhaya)IsiNdebele ukuvakatjhela amakhayaSetswana ketelomalapengSepedi ketelo ka malapengSesotho ketelo malapengTshivenḓa ndalelamiṱaXitsonga ku endzela vanhu emakaya
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honeymoon eraAfrikaans wittebroodtydperkIsiZulu imbongampumeleloIsiXhosa ithuba lokuzilungiselela ukungena esikhundleniSiswati sikhatsi sekujabula ngemuva kwekugcotjwaIsiNdebele isikhathi sokuzijayezaSetswana pakaipaakanyetso - tshimololotiroSepedi nako magareng ga tlhomamišo le go thoma mošomoSesotho nako e pakeng tsa tlhomamiso le tshebetsoTshivenḓa tshifhinga tsha u ḓigeḓaXitsonga nkarhi wa le xikarhi ka ku vekiwa na ku sungula ntirho
Siswati Luphiko Lwebacapheli be-IECIsiNdebele iphiko le-IEC elililihloSetswana lephata la tekolo la IECSepedi lefapha la tekolo la IECSesotho lekala la IEC le disang dikgethoTshivenḓa ndaulo ya vhuṱoli ya IECXitsonga xiyenge xo langutisisa xa IEC
illegalAfrikaans onwettigIsiZulu okuphambene nomthethoIsiXhosa okungekho mthethweniSiswati -ngekho emtsetfweniIsiNdebele -ngasisemthethweniSetswana - seng molaongSepedi go se be molaongSesotho -seng molaongTshivenḓa -iledzwahoXitsonga lexi nga riki nawini
Sepedi mothekgi wa go se kgone go bala le go ngwalaSesotho motshehetsi ya sa tsebeng ho bala le ho ngolaTshivenḓa mutikedzi a sa koni u vhala na u ṅwalaXitsonga museketeri loyi a nga kotiki ku hlaya na ku tsala
illiterate voterAfrikaans ongeletterde kieserIsiZulu umvoti ongafundileIsiXhosa umvoti ongakwazi kufunda nokubhalaSiswati umvoti longakwati kubhala nekufundzaIsiNdebele umvowudi ongakafundiSetswana motlhophitlhoka - kitso puisokwaloSepedi mokgethi wa go se kgone go bala le go ngwalaSesotho mokgethi ya sa tsebeng ho bala le ho ngolaTshivenḓa muvouti a sa koni u vhala na u ṅwalaXitsonga muhlawuri loyi a nga kotiki ku hlaya no tsala (muvhoti loyi a nga kotiki ku hlaya no tsala)
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impartialityAfrikaans onpartydigheidIsiZulu ukungachemiIsiXhosa ukungathathi calaSiswati kungatsatsi luhlangotsi (kungakhetsi, kungavuni)IsiNdebele ukungathathi ihlangothiSetswana tlhokatseotlhakoreSepedi go se tšee lehlakoreSesotho ho se be leemeTshivenḓa u sa dzhia siaXitsonga ku nga voyameli tlhelo
impersonationAfrikaans identiteitsbedrogIsiZulu ukuzenza ongeyenaIsiXhosa ukuzenza umntu ongenguyeSiswati kutenta longasuyeIsiNdebele ukuzenza umuntu ongasuyeSetswana boetsisiSepedi go itira mongweSesotho ho iketsa e mongTshivenḓa u ḓiita muṅwe muthuXitsonga ku tiendla munhu un’wana
Siswati inkhulumo yekubekwa esikhundleni (inkhulumo yekugcotjwa)IsiNdebele ikulumothomoSetswana puotlhomoSepedi polelo ya tlhomamišoSesotho puo ya tlhomamisoTshivenḓa tshipitshi tsha u rwelwa ṱariXitsonga mbulavulo wa ku vekiwa exitulwini
IsiXhosa umsitho wokubekwa esikhundleniSiswati umcimbi wekubekwa esikhundleni (sibhimbi sekubekwa esikhundleni, sibhimb sekugcotjwa, umcimbi wekugcotjwa)IsiNdebele umnyanya wokubekwa esikhundleni (umkhandlo wokubekwa esikhundleni, umkhandlo wokugcotjwa, umnyanya wokugcotjwa)Setswana moletlotlhomoSepedi moletlo wa tlhomamišoSesotho mokete wa tlhomamisoTshivenḓa vhuṱambo ha u rwelwa ṱariXitsonga nkhuvo wa ku vekiwa exitulwini ximfumo
indelible ink markAfrikaans onuitwisbare inkmerkIsiZulu uphawu lo-inki olungasukiIsiXhosa uphawu lweinki olungasukiyoSiswati luphawu lwe-inki lolungesuki (luphawu lwendelebuli)IsiNdebele itshwayo le-enke elingasukikoSetswana letshwao la enke e e sa phimogengSepedi enke ya go se
phumolege ga bonoloSesotho letshwao la enke le sa phumolehengTshivenḓa luswayo lwa inki lu sa phumulei (luswayo lwa ennge lu sa phumulei)Xitsonga mfungho wa inki lowu nga sukiki
Independent Electoral Commission (IEC, Electoral Commission, EC)Afrikaans Onafhanklike Verkiesingskommissie (OVK)IsiZulu Ikhomishani Yokhetho Ezimele (i-IEC)IsiXhosa iKomishini yoNyulo eziMeleyo (iKomishoni yoNyulo eziMeleyo)Siswati Ikhomishini Yelukhetfo Letimele (i-IEC)IsiNdebele iKomitjhini yezamaKhetho eziJameleko (i-IEC)Setswana khomišene ya Ditlhopho e e Ikemetseng (IEC)Sepedi Khomišene ya Dikgetho ya go Ikema (IEC)Sesotho Khomishene e Ikemetseng ya Dikgetho (IEC)Tshivenḓa Khomishini ya Khetho yo Ḓiimisaho (IEC)Xitsonga Khomixini ya Nhlawulo yo Tiyimela (IEC)
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Independent Electoral Commission logo (IEC logo)Afrikaans Onafhanklike Verkiesingskommissie- logo (OVK-logo)IsiZulu iqophasikhungo le-IEC (iqophasikhungo lenhlangano yokhetho)IsiXhosa uphawu lwe-IECSiswati luphawu lwe-IEC (luphawu lweKhomishini Yelukhetfo Letimele)IsiNdebele itshwayo le-IECSetswana letshwao la IECSepedi leswao la IECSesotho letshwao la IECTshivenḓa ḽogo ya IEC (tshigaṱhalu tsha IEC)Xitsonga mfungho wa IEC
Independent Media CommissionAfrikaans Onafhanklike MediakommissieIsiZulu Ikhomishani Yabezindaba EzimeleIsiXhosa iKomishini yaMajelo oSasazo eziMeleyo (iKomishoni yaMajelo oSasazo eziMeleyo)Siswati Ikhomishini Yebetindzaba LetimeleIsiNdebele iKomitjhini yeemBikiindaba eziJamelekoSetswana khomišeneikemelo ya BobegakgangSepedi Khomišene ya
Phatlalatšo ya Ditaba yeo e IkemegoSesotho Khomishene e Ikimetseng ya Baphatlalatsi Tshivenḓa Khomishini ya Mafhungo yo ḒiimisahoXitsonga Khomixini ya Vuhangalasi bya Mahungu yo Tiyimela
independent ward candidateAfrikaans onafhanklike wykskandidaatIsiZulu umngenelikhetho wesigceme ozimele (ummelikhetho wewadi ozimele)IsiXhosa umgqatswa wewadi ozimeleyoSiswati ummelilukhetfo weliwadi lotimeleIsiNdebele ungikhethani wewadi ozijamelekoSetswana ntlhopheng yo o ikemetseng wa wateSepedi nkgetheng wa wate wa go ikemaSesotho nkgetheng ya ikemetseng wa wateTshivenḓa nkhetheni wa wadi o ḓiimisahoXitsonga muyimelakulanghwa wa wadi wo tiyimela
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index of disproportionalityAfrikaans disproporsionaliteits- indeksIsiZulu inkomba yokungalinganiIsiXhosa isibonisi-manani ezikhundla ngokweevotiSiswati inkhomba yekungalingani kwetihlalo nemavotiIsiNdebele ikomba yokwahluka kweenhlalo zeenhlanganoSetswana palo ya go sa lekalekane (tshupane ya go sa lekalekane)Sepedi mokgwakabo wa go se lekalekaneleSesotho palo ya phapano kabong ya dituloTshivenḓa mbalo i sumbedzaho u sa linganaXitsonga xikombo xo hambana
Sesotho demokerasi e sa otlolohangTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya u khetha vhaimeliXitsonga xidemokirasi xa vuyimeri
infrared light checkAfrikaans infrarooilig-toets (infrarooiligtoets)IsiZulu ukuhlola ngesifundimagabeloIsiXhosa inkqubo yoqinisekiso- nkcukacha zomvotiSiswati sibani sekuhlola luphawu lolungabonakaliIsiNdebele isipopolitshwayoSetswana tlhatlhobo ya batlhophi ka leboneSepedi tekolo ya babouti ka leboneSesotho lebone la tlhahloboTshivenḓa luvhone lwa tsedzuluso nga infrared (u sedzulusa nga luvhone lwa mivhalavhala)Xitsonga nkambisiso hi rivoni wa loko munhu a vhotile
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inkingAfrikaans beïnking (met ink merk)IsiZulu ukubeka uphawu ngo- inkiIsiXhosa ukufaka i-inkiSiswati kufaka i-inki (kugcobisa i-inki, kutsela i-inki)IsiNdebele ukuzesa nge-enkeSetswana - tshwaya ka enkeSepedi go swaya ka enkeSesotho ho tshwaya ka enkeTshivenḓa u ḓodza inki (u ḓodza ennge)Xitsonga ku tota inki
inking tableAfrikaans inktafelIsiZulu itafula lokufakwa kophawu ngo-inkiIsiXhosa itafile yokufakela i-inkiSiswati litafula lekufakela i-inki (litafula lekugcobisela i-inki, litafula lekutselela i-inki)IsiNdebele itafula yokuzesa nge- enkeSetswana tafole ya tshwao-ka- enkeSepedi tafola ya go swaela ka enkeSesotho tafole ya ho tshwaya ka enkeTshivenḓa ṱafula ḽa u ḓodzela inki (ṱafula ḽa u ḓodzela ennge)Xitsonga tafula ro totela inki
inner perimeter {inside neutral area}Afrikaans binneperiferie (binnegrens)IsiZulu umngcele wangaphakathiIsiXhosa umganyana ngaphaya komda wendawo yovotoSiswati imincele yangekhatsi (iminyele yangekhatsi)IsiNdebele ipherimitha engaphakathiSetswana modiko - tengSepedi mollwane wa ka gareSesotho moedi wa ka hareTshivenḓa vhupo ha nga ngomuXitsonga endzeni ka ndzilekano
intentional false statementAfrikaans opsetlik valse verklaringIsiZulu isitatimende esingamanga ngenhlosoIsiXhosa inkcazo yobuxoki bangabomSiswati sitatimende lesingemanga sangemabomu (sitatimende lesingemanga ngenhloso)IsiNdebele isitatimende samanga sangabomuSetswana maaka - ka - bomoSepedi bofora bja maikemišetšoSesotho ho thetsa ka moreroTshivenḓa tshitatamennde tsha u zwifha nga khole
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Xitsonga xitatimende xa mavunwa xo endla havomu (xitatimende xa vuxisi xo endla havomu)
interested partyAfrikaans belanghebbende partyIsiZulu uhlangothi olunentshisekeloIsiXhosa iqela elinochaphazelekoSiswati licembu lelinenshisekelo (umuntfu lonenshisekelo)IsiNdebele umuntu onekareko (ihlangano enekareko)Setswana mokgatlhegediSepedi sehlongwa se se nago le kgahlegoSesotho lehlakore le nang le tjhesehoTshivenḓa -vha na dzangaleloXitsonga vandla leri nga na ku tsakela
(umtjheji wamazwe ngamazwe)Setswana motlhokomedi wa boditšhabaSepedi molebeledi wa boditšhabatšhabaSesotho molebelli wa matjhabatjhabaTshivenḓa muingameli wa dzitshakatshaka (mulavhelesi wa dzitshakatshaka)Xitsonga muxiyaxiyi wa matiko ya le handle
invalid voteAfrikaans ongeldige stemIsiZulu ivoti elingasebenziIsiXhosa ivoti engabalwayoSiswati livoti lelingasebenti (livoti lelingabalwa)IsiNdebele ivowudi engasebenziko (ivowudi engasisemthethweni)Setswana voututlhokaboleng (boututlhokaboleng)Sepedi bouto ya go fošagala (bouto ya go phošagala)Sesotho kgetho e sa balellwengTshivenḓa voutu yo khakheahoXitsonga vhoti leyi yi nga hlayiwiki
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invisible inkAfrikaans onsigbare inkIsiZulu u-inki ongabonakaliIsiXhosa i-inki engabonakaliyoSiswati i-inki lengabonakaliIsiNdebele i-enke engabonakalikoSetswana enke e e sa bonalengSepedi enke ya go se bonagaleSesotho enke e sa bonahalengTshivenḓa inki i sa vhonali (ennge i sa vhonali)Xitsonga inki leyi nga vonakiki
Sepedi sehlopha sa balebeledi ba boditšhabatšhaba bao ba kopanegoSesotho sehlopha sa balebedi ba matjhabatjhaba se kopanengTshivenḓa tshigwada tsha vhulavhelesi tsha dzitshakatshaka tsho ṱanganelanahoXitsonga ntlawa wa vaxiyaxiyi wa matiko ya le handle lama tirhaka swin’we
Siswati livoti lelinemkhawuloIsiNdebele ivowudi eqintelweko (ivowudi ekhawulelweko)Setswana boututekanyetso (voututekanyetso)Sepedi bouto ya go ba le magomoSesotho kgetho e lekanyeditswengTshivenḓa voutu yo pimiwahoXitsonga tivhoti leti pimiwike
list system g proportional representation
local agentAfrikaans plaaslike agentIsiZulu ummeleli wendawoIsiXhosa ummeli wengingqiSiswati ummeleli wendzawoIsiNdebele umjameli wendawoSetswana moemediselegaeSepedi moemedi wa selegaeSesotho moemedi wa lehaeTshivenḓa zhendedzi ḽapoXitsonga muyimeri wa muganga
local authorityAfrikaans plaaslike owerheidIsiZulu ubuholi bendawoIsiXhosa umasipalaSiswati buholi bendzawoIsiNdebele uburholi bendawo (iinkhulu zomphakathi)Setswana bothatiselegae (bothati jwa pusoselegae)Sepedi pušoselegaeSesotho bolaodi ba lehae
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Tshivenḓa maanḓalanga apoXitsonga huvo ya muganga (khansele ya muganga)
local authority boundaryAfrikaans plaaslike- owerheidsgrensIsiZulu umngcele wobuholi bendawoIsiXhosa umda kamasipalaSiswati umncele webuholi bendzawo (umnyele webuholi bendzawo)IsiNdebele umkhawulo woburholi bendawoSetswana molelwanepuso- selegaeSepedi mollwane wa boetapele bja selegaeSesotho moedi wa bolaodi ba lehaeTshivenḓa mukano wa maanḓalanga apoXitsonga ndzelekana wa vufambisi bya muganga
local councilAfrikaans plaaslike raadIsiZulu umkhandlu wendawoIsiXhosa ibhunga lengingqiSiswati umkhandlu wendzawoIsiNdebele umkhandlu wendawoSetswana khansele ya selegae (lekgotlaselegae)Sepedi khantshele ya selegaeSesotho khansele ya lehae
Tshivenḓa khoro yapoXitsonga khansele ya muganga (huvo ya muganga)
local electionAfrikaans plaaslike verkiesingIsiZulu ukhetho lukahulumeni wendawoIsiXhosa unyulo loomasipalaSiswati lukhetfo lwasemakhayaIsiNdebele amakhetho wemakhayaSetswana ditlhopho tsa selegaeSepedi dikgetho tša selegaeSesotho dikgetho tsa lehaeTshivenḓa khetho dzapoXitsonga nhlawulo wa muganga
local electoral officerAfrikaans plaaslike kiesbeampteIsiZulu obhekele ukhetho lwendawoIsiXhosa igosa lonyulo loomasipalaSiswati sisebenti setelukhetfo lwasemakhayaIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sezamakhetho sendawoSetswana motlhankedi wa ditlhopho tsa selegaeSepedi mohlankedi wa dikgetho tša selegaeSesotho mohlanka wa dikgetho tsa lehaeTshivenḓa muofisiri wa khetho dza masipalaXitsonga muofisiri wa swa nhlawulo wa muganga
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local government g municipality
local municipalityAfrikaans plaaslike munisipaliteitIsiZulu umasipala wendawoIsiXhosa umasipala wengingqiSiswati masipaladi wasekhaya (masipaladi wendzawo, umkhandludolobha)IsiNdebele umasipaladi wendawoSetswana mmasepalaselegaeSepedi mmasepala wa selegaeSesotho masepala wa lehaeTshivenḓa masipalawapoXitsonga masipala wa muganga
low voter turnoutAfrikaans swakkiesersopkomsIsiZulu isibalo esiphansi sabavoti abafikileIsiXhosa inani eliphantsi labavotiSiswati linani leliphasi lalabavotileIsiNdebele imbalo ephasi yabavowudiSetswana thologelotlase ya batlhophiSepedi palo ya tlase ya bakgethiSesotho palo e tlase ya bakgethiTshivenḓa tshivhalo tshiṱuku tsha vhakhethi (tshivhalo tshiṱuku tsha vhavouti)Xitsonga nhlayo yintsongo ya lava nga hlawula (nhlayo yintsongo ya lava nga vhota)
Mmagisterial districtAfrikaans landdrosdistrikIsiZulu isifundankantoloIsiXhosa ummandla kamantyiSiswati sigodzi samantjiIsiNdebele isiyingi sikamarhastradaSetswana kgaolo ya magiseterataSepedi selete sa mmaseterataSesotho setereke sa bomaseterataTshivenḓa tshiṱiriki tsha madzhisṱaraṱaXitsonga xifundza xa majisitarata
major irregularityAfrikaans ernstige onreëlmatigheidIsiZulu iphutha elinomthelela omkhuluIsiXhosa ukuphuma emgaqweni okumandlaSiswati liphutsa lelikhuluIsiNdebele umtjhapho omkhuluSetswana phosokgoloSepedi phošo ye kgoloSesotho phoso e kgoloTshivenḓa vhukhakhi vhuhulwaneXitsonga xihoxo xikulu
Member of Parliament (MP)Afrikaans Lid van die Parlement (LP)IsiZulu Ilungu LephalamendeIsiXhosa iLungu lePalamenteSiswati Lilunga LephalamendeIsiNdebele ilunga lepalamende (i-MP)Setswana MP (Mopalamente, Tokololo ya Palamente)Sepedi Leloko la Palamente (MP)Sesotho Setho sa PalamenteTshivenḓa MP (Muraḓo wa Phalamennde)Xitsonga Xirho xa Palamende (MP)
Member of the Executive Council (MEC)Afrikaans Lid van die Uitvoerende Raad (LUR)IsiZulu Umphathiswa (Ilungu Lomkhandlu Ophethe, u-MEC)IsiXhosa uMphathiswa wePhondo (u-MEC)
Siswati Umphatsiswa (i-MEC, Lilunga Lemkhandlu Lophetse)IsiNdebele u-MEC (usomkhandlu)Setswana MEC (Mokhuduthamaga)Sepedi MolekgotlaphethišiSesotho Setho sa Lekgotla la Phethahatso (MEC)Tshivenḓa MEC (Muraḓo wa Khorotshitumbe)Xitsonga Xirho xa Huvonkulu (MEC)
MEO g Municipal Electoral Officer
metropolitan areaAfrikaans metropolitaanse gebiedIsiZulu indawo yedolobhakaziIsiXhosa ummandla kamasipala ombaxaSiswati indzawo yelidolobha lelikhuluIsiNdebele indawo yedorobha elikhuluSetswana toropokgoloSepedi lefelo la metropholitheneSesotho sebaka sa metropholitheneTshivenḓa ḓorobo khulwaneXitsonga ndhawu ya dorobankulu
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metropolitan councilAfrikaans metropolitaanse raadIsiZulu umkhandlu wedolobhakaziIsiXhosa ibhunga likamasipala ombaxaSiswati umkhandlu welidolobha lelikhuluIsiNdebele umkhandlu wedorobha elikhuluSetswana lekgotlatoropokgoloSepedi khantshele ya metropholitheneSesotho khansele ya metropholitheneTshivenḓa khoro ya ḓorobo khulwaneXitsonga khansele ya dorobankulu (huvo ya dorobankulu)
metropolitan municipalityAfrikaans metropolitaanse munisipaliteitIsiZulu umasipala wedolobhakaziIsiXhosa umasipala ombaxaSiswati umkhandludolobha welidolobha lelikhulu (masipaladi welidolobha lelikhulu)IsiNdebele umasipaladi wedorobha elikhuluSetswana mmasepala wa toropokgoloSepedi mmasepala wa metropholitheneSesotho masepala wa metropholithene
Tshivenḓa masipala wa ḓorobo khulwaneXitsonga masipala wa dorobankulu
minimum voting ageAfrikaans laagste stemouderdomIsiZulu iminyaka yobudala yokuqala ukuvotaIsiXhosa ubuncinane bobudala obuvumelekileyo bokuvotaSiswati buncane bekugcina beminyaka yekuvotaIsiNdebele ubuncani beminyaka yokuvowudaSetswana dingwaga tsa go tlhopha (dingwaga tsa go vouta)Sepedi mengwaga ya tlase ya maloka a go boutaSesotho dilemo tsa ho qala ho kgethaTshivenḓa miṅwaha ya u vouta ya fhasisa (miṅwaha ya u khetha ya fhasisa)Xitsonga malembe ya le hansi yo hlawula (malembe ya le hansi yo vhota)
MINMEC {forum for national minister and his provincial colleagues, e.g. for local government}Afrikaans MINMECIsiZulu i-MINMEC (Isigungu Sikangqongqoshe Nongqongqoshe Bezifundazwe)IsiXhosa i-MINMECSiswati i-MINIMEC (Sigungu Sendvuna yelitiko Nebaphatsiswa Betifundza)IsiNdebele i-MINMECSetswana Lekgotla la Ditona (MINMEC)Sepedi MINMEC (foramo ya tona le maloko phethiši)Sesotho MINMECTshivenḓa MINMECXitsonga MINMEC (Nhengeletano ya Holobye na swirho swa Huvonkulu)
minor irregularityAfrikaans geringe onreëlmatigheidIsiZulu iphutha elinomthelela omncaneIsiXhosa ukuphuma emgaqweni okungephiSiswati liphutsa lelincane (liphutsa lelingasho lutfo)IsiNdebele umtjhapho omncaniSetswana phoswanaSepedi phošo ye nnyaneSesotho phoso e nnyaneTshivenḓa vhukhakhi vhuṱukuXitsonga xihoxo xitsongo
minority ruleAfrikaans minderheidsregeringIsiZulu ukubusa kwedlanzanaIsiXhosa ulawulo lwegcuntswanaSiswati kubuswa lidlanzanaIsiNdebele umbuso wedlanzanaSetswana taolo ka palopotlanaSepedi pušo ya ba bannyane ka paloSesotho mmuso wa bonnyaneTshivenḓa muvhuso wa vhaṱukuXitsonga nawu wa vuntsongo
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mixed number proportionAfrikaans gemengde getalle- proporsionele stelselIsiZulu isibalo sezihlalo esixubileIsiXhosa inkqubo yokudityaniswa kwabagqatswa abonyulwe kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyoSiswati inhlanganisela yekukhetsa ngalokulingeneIsiNdebele ingcenye yenanimvangoSetswana kaboditulo ka palotswakoSepedi mekgwatekatekanelo ya dipalo ye e hlakanegoSesotho tekanyetso ya palo e kopanetswengTshivenḓa kuavhele kwa madzulo kwa ṱhanganyisoXitsonga ndzinganiso wa nhlayonkatsakanyo wa switulu
Setswana seteišenetlhopho- kopaneloSepedi setiši sa go bouta sa mohlakanelwa (seteišene sa go bouta sa mohlakanelwa)Sesotho setsi sa ho kgetha se kopanetswengTshivenḓa tshiṱitshi tsha mirafhoXitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela xa tinxaka hinkwato (xitichi xo vhotela xa tinxaka hinkwato)
mobile polling station g mobile voting station
mobile voting station (mobile polling station)Afrikaans mobiele stemlokaalIsiZulu isikhungo sokuvota esingumahamba- nendlwanaIsiXhosa isikhululo sokuvotela esingumahamba nendlwanaSiswati siteshi sekuvota lesingumahamba- nendlwanaIsiNdebele isitetjhi sokuvowudela esingumakhamba ngendlwanaSetswana seteišenetlhophotshutoSepedi setiši sa go bouta sa go thetha (seteišene sa go bouta sa go thetha)Sesotho setsi sa ho kgetha se suthiswang
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Tshivenḓa tshiṱitshithendeleki tsha u voutela (tshiṱitshithendeleki tsha u khethela)Xitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela lexi fambafambaka (xitichi xo vhotela lexi fambafambaka)
motion of no confidence (vote of no confidence)Afrikaans mosie van wantroueIsiZulu isiphakamiso sokungethembi (ukuzwakalisa ukungethembi)IsiXhosa isindululo sokungathembi (isiphakamiso sokungathembi)Siswati siphakamiso sekungasetsembiIsiNdebele isitjhukumiso sokungasathembi
Setswana tshitshinyo ya botlhoka tshepo (tshitshinyo ya botlhoka boikanyego)Sepedi tšhišinyo ya go hloka tshepoSesotho tshisinyo ya ho hloka tshepoTshivenḓa ḽikumedzwa ḽa tshayavhufulufheliXitsonga kungu ra nkalantshembo
MP g Member of Parliament
multimember districtAfrikaans meerledige distrikIsiZulu isifunda esinamalungu amaningi ephalamendeIsiXhosa isithili esinamalungu epalamente amaninziSiswati sigodzi semalunga lamanyentiIsiNdebele isiyingi esinamalunga amanengi epalamendeSetswana kgaolo ya malokomantsiSepedi selete sa malokomantšiSesotho setereke sa ditho tse ngataTshivenḓa tshiṱiriki tshi re na miraḓo minzhiXitsonga xifundza xa swirhonyingi
M
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multiparty democracy (plural democracy)Afrikaans veelpartydemokrasieIsiZulu intando yabantu emaqembuqembuIsiXhosa ulawulo lwamaqela awahlukeneyoSiswati intsandvo yelinyenti yetinhlangano letinyentiIsiNdebele idemokhrasi yeenqhemaqhemaSetswana demokerasi ya makokomantsi (temokerasi ya makokomantsi)Sepedi temokerasi ya mekgatlontšiSesotho demokerasi ya mekga e mengataTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya mahoro manzhiXitsonga mavandlanyingi
multiparty systemAfrikaans veelpartystelselIsiZulu uhlelo olumaqembuqembuIsiXhosa inkqubo yamaqela awahlukeneyoSiswati luhlelo lolunemacembu lamanyentiIsiNdebele irherho leenqhema ezinengiSetswana thulaganyo ya makokomantsiSepedi tshepetšo ya mekgatlontšiSesotho tsamaiso ya mekga e
mengataTshivenḓa sisteme ya mahoro manzhiXitsonga sisiteme ya mavandlanyingi
municipal councilAfrikaans munisipale raadIsiZulu umkhandlu kamasipalaIsiXhosa ibhunga likamasipalaSiswati umkhandlu wamasipaladiIsiNdebele umkhandlu kamasipaladiSetswana khansele ya mmasepala (lekgotla la mmasepala)Sepedi khantshele ya mmasepalaSesotho khansele ya masepalaTshivenḓa khoro ya masipalaXitsonga huvo ya masipala (khansele ya masipala)
municipal elections {local government elections}Afrikaans munisipale verkiesingIsiZulu ukhetho lomasipalaIsiXhosa unyulo loomasipalaSiswati lukhetfo lwabomasipaladi (lukhetfo lwabohulumende basemakhaya)IsiNdebele amakhetho kamasipaladiSetswana ditlhopho tsa
National Assembly (NA)Afrikaans Nasionale Vergadering (NV)IsiZulu Isishayamthetho SikazwelonkeIsiXhosa iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizweSiswati Libandla Lavelonkhe (i-NA)IsiNdebele i-NA (isiBethamthetho seNarha)Setswana NA (Kokoano Bosetšhaba, Kokoanotheomolao ya Bosetšhaba)Sepedi Lekgotla la Maloko a Palamente (NA)Sesotho Lekgotla la Ketsamolao la NahaTshivenḓa Buthano ḽa Lushaka (NA)Xitsonga Huvo ya Rixaka (NA)
national ballot g national elections
national ballot paperAfrikaans nasionale stembriefIsiZulu iphepha lokuvota kuzwelonkeIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvotela urhulumente wesizweSiswati liphepha lekuvota lavelonkheIsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowuda lenarhaSetswana pampiritlhopho ya bosetšhabaSepedi pampiri ya go kgetha ya bosetšhabaSesotho pampiri ya balote ya nahaTshivenḓa bammbiri ḽa u voutela ḽa lushaka (bammbiri ḽa u khethela ḽa lushaka)Xitsonga phepha ro hlawulela ra rixaka (phepha ro vhotela ra rixaka, baloto ya rixaka)
National Council of Provinces (NCOP)Afrikaans Nasionale Raad van Provinsies (NRP)IsiZulu Umkhandlu Wezifundazwe KazwelonkeIsiXhosa IBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe (i-NCOP)Siswati Umkhandlu Wetifundza Wavelonkhe (i-NCOP)
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IsiNdebele umKhandlu weemFunda (umKhandlu wamaPhrovinsi)Setswana Lekgotla la Bosetšhaba la DiporofenseSepedi Lekgotla la Setšhaba la Diprofentshe (Lekgotla la Setšhaba la Diprofense)Sesotho Lekgotla la Naha la Diprovense (NCOP)Tshivenḓa NCOP (khoro ya Lushaka ya Mavundu)Xitsonga Huvo ya Rixaka ya Swifundzankulu
national governmentAfrikaans nasionale regeringIsiZulu uhulumeni kazwelonkeIsiXhosa urhulumente wesizwe (undlunkulu)Siswati hulumende wavelonkheIsiNdebele urhulumende welizweSetswana puso ya bosetšhabaSepedi mmušo wa bosetšhabaSesotho mmuso wa nahaTshivenḓa muvhuso wa lushakaXitsonga mfumo wa rixaka
national legislatureAfrikaans nasionale wetgewerIsiZulu isishayamthetho sikazwelonkeIsiXhosa indlu yowiso-mthetho yesizweSiswati sishayamtsetfo savelonkheIsiNdebele isibethamthetho senarha (isibethamthetho selizwe)Setswana peomolao ya bosetšhabaSepedi lekgotlatheramelao la bosetšhabaSesotho lekgotla la ketsamelao la nahaTshivenḓa vhusimamilayo ha lushakaXitsonga palamende ya rixaka
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national voters’ list (national voters’ roll)Afrikaans nasionale kieserslysIsiZulu uhlu lwabavoti lukazwelonkeIsiXhosa uluhlu lwabavoti lwesizwe (uluhlu lwabavoti lukazwelonke)Siswati luhlu lwebavoti lwavelonkheIsiNdebele irhelo labavowudi lenarhaSetswana lenaane la batlhophi la bosetšhabaSepedi lenaneo la bakgethi la bosetšhabaSesotho lenane la bakgethi la nahaTshivenḓa mutevhe wa vhakhethi wa lushaka (mutevhe wa vhavouti wa lushaka)Xitsonga nxaxamelo wa vahlawurri wa rixaka (nxaxamelo wa vavhoti wa rixaka)
non-racialismAfrikaans nierassigheidIsiZulu ukungacwasi ngokobuhlangaIsiXhosa ukungacalu-caluliSiswati kungahambisani nelubandlululo ngekwebuhlangaIsiNdebele ukungabandlululi ngokobuhlangaSetswana tlhokakgetholololotsoSepedi go se kgetholle ka mmalaSesotho -se kgetholle ka morabeTshivenḓa -sa khethululiXitsonga nkaxihlawuhlawu
non-South African citizenAfrikaans nie-Suid-Afrikaanse burgerIsiZulu ongesona isakhamuzi saseNingizimu AfrikaIsiXhosa ongengommi woMzantsi AfrikaSiswati sakhamuti lesingumchamuki (sakhamuti lesisacubile)IsiNdebele iphandleSetswana mo e seng MoaforikaborwaSepedi wa go se be Moafrika Borwa (motšwantle)Sesotho molataTshivenḓa mubvannḓaXitsonga muhlampfa
NOO g notice of objection form
notice of objection form (NOO)Afrikaans kennisgewing van beswaarIsiZulu ifomu lesaziso sokuphikisaIsiXhosa ifom yesaziso sokuphikisaSiswati lifomu lesatiso sekuphikisaIsiNdebele iforomo lesaziso sesinghonghoyiloSetswana foromo ya kitsisongongoregoSepedi foromo ya tsebišo ya kganetšoSesotho foromo ya tsebiso ya kganyetsoTshivenḓa fomo ya nḓivhadzo ya u hanedzaXitsonga fomo ya xitiviso xo kaneta
official markAfrikaans amptelike merkIsiZulu uphawu olusemthethweniIsiXhosa uphawu olusemthethweniSiswati luphawu lolusemtsetfweni
IsiNdebele itshwayo elisemthethweniSetswana letshwaosemmusoSepedi leswao la semmušoSesotho letshwao la molaoTshivenḓa tshiga tsha tshiofisiXitsonga mfungho wa xifumo
official stampAfrikaans amptelike stempelIsiZulu isigxivizo esisemthethweniIsiXhosa isitampu esisemthethweniSiswati singcivito lesisemtsetfweniIsiNdebele isitembu esisemthethweniSetswana setempe sa semmusoSepedi sekibo sa semmušo (setempe sa semmušo)Sesotho setempe sa molaoTshivenḓa tshiganḓo tsha tshiofisiXitsonga xigandlu xa xifumo
one man, one voteAfrikaans een mens, een stemIsiZulu ivoti elilodwa ngamunyeIsiXhosa umntu ngamnye uvota kanye (ukuvota kanye)Siswati umuntfu uvota kanye (kuvota kanye)IsiNdebele ukuvowuda kanye (ivowudu emntwini)Setswana tlhopho ka motho (tlhopho e le nngwe ka motho)
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Sepedi motho o tee, boute e teeSesotho kgetho ya motho ka mongTshivenḓa muthu muthihi, voutu nthihiXitsonga munhu un’we, vhoti yin’we
open listAfrikaans kandidaatsentriese lysIsiZulu uhlu olungenambandelaIsiXhosa uluhlu oluvulelekileyoSiswati luhlu loluvulekileIsiNdebele irhelo elivulekilekoSetswana lenaane le le butswengSepedi lenaneo leo le bulegilegoSesotho lenane le bulehilengTshivenḓa mutevhe wo vuleahoXitsonga nongoloko wo pfuleka
participatory democracyAfrikaans deelnemende demokrasieIsiZulu intando yabantu enokubamba iqhazaIsiXhosa intando yesininzi evulela intatho- nxaxhebaSiswati intsandvo yelinyenti yekuhlanganyelaIsiNdebele idemokhrasi ehlanganyelwekoSetswana demokerasi ya tseo karolo ka botlhe (temokerasi ya tseo karolo ka botlhe)Sepedi temokerasi ya botšeakaroloSesotho demokerasi e kopanetswengTshivenḓa dimokhrasi ya u shela mulenzheXitsonga demokirasi yo nghenelela
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party acronym {e.g. UNESCO}Afrikaans partyakroniemIsiZulu igamasifinyezo leqembuIsiXhosa isifinyezo segama leqela lezopolitikoSiswati i-akhronimu yelibito lelicembuIsiNdebele ibizosirhunyezo lehlanganoSetswana khutswafatsoina la mokgatlhoSepedi leinakopafatšwa la mokgatlo (akronimi ya mokgatlo)Sesotho akoronimi ya mokgaTshivenḓa dzinatshikhau ḽa ḽihoroXitsonga nkomiso wa vito ra vandla
party agentAfrikaans partyagentIsiZulu ummeleli weqembu esikhungweniIsiXhosa ummeli weqela lezopolitikoSiswati ummeleli wenhlangano (sitfunywa selicembu)IsiNdebele umjameli wehlanganoSetswana moemelamokgatlhoSepedi moemedi wa mokgatloSesotho moemedi wa mokgaTshivenḓa muimeli wa ḽihoroXitsonga muyimelavandla
party billboardAfrikaans partyreklamebordIsiZulu ibhodi lesikhangiso seqembuIsiXhosa ibhilibhodi yeqela lezopolitikoSiswati ibhodisikhangisi yenhlanganoIsiNdebele ibhodisikhangisi yehlanganoSetswana botopapatso (biliboto ya mokgatlho)Sepedi pilipoto ya mokgatloSesotho biliboto ya mokgaTshivenḓa biḽibodo ya ḽihoroXitsonga bilibodo ya vandla
party block vote (PB)Afrikaans partyblokstemIsiZulu ivoti leqembu lokumela abaningiIsiXhosa ukuvota kanyeSiswati indlela yekukhetsa kanyeIsiNdebele indlela yokukhetha kanyeSetswana tlhophogangweSepedi kgethokemedi i ya mokgatloSesotho mokgwa wa ho kgetha hanngweTshivenḓa sisteme ya u khetha ḽihoro ḽithihiXitsonga ku vhota xikan’we ka vandla (maendlelo yo vhota vandla rin’we)
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party-centered ballotAfrikaans partysentriese stemIsiZulu ukuvotela iqembuIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvota elinamaqela ezopolitikoSiswati liphepha lekuvotela inhlanganoIsiNdebele ivowudi edzimelele ehlanganweniSetswana baloto ya go tlhopha mokgatlhoSepedi mokgwakgetho wa go kgetha mokgatloSesotho balote ya kgetho ya mokgaTshivenḓa bammbiri ḽa khetho ḽa mahoroXitsonga maendlelo yo hlawula exikarhi ka mavandla
party citationAfrikaans dagvaarding aan partyIsiZulu ukubizela iqembu enkantoloIsiXhosa umsila wengwe kwiqela lezopolitikoSiswati satiso sekubitela licembu enkantoloIsiNdebele ukudosela ihlangano ekhothoSetswana piletsotshekong ya lekokoSepedi pitšo ya kgoro ya mokgatloSesotho taelo ya ho bitsetsa mokga kgotlaTshivenḓa u vhidzwa khothe ha ḽihoroXitsonga xileriso xa huvoxinawu eka vandla (xileriso xa khoto eka vandla)
party election broadcastAfrikaans party- verkiesingsuitsendingIsiZulu ukusakazwa kokhetho lwamaqembuIsiXhosa usasazo lonyulo lwamaqela ezopolitikoSiswati kusakatwa kwelukhangiso lwemacembuIsiNdebele ukurhatjhwa kwamakhetho weenhlanganoSetswana papatso ya ditlhopho tsa lekokoSepedi sebakakgašo sa mokgatlo ka dikgethoSesotho kgaso ya dikgetho tsa mokgaTshivenḓa khasho ya u kungedzela ḽihoroXitsonga vuhangalasi bya nhlawulo bya mavandla
party liaison committeeAfrikaans partyskakelkomiteeIsiZulu ikomidi lezokuxhumana leqembuIsiXhosa ikomiti eqhagamshelanisa amaqela ezopolitikoSiswati likomidi lekuchumama letinhlanganoIsiNdebele ikomidi yezokuthintana yehlanganoSetswana komiti ya kgokaganyo ya lekoko
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Sepedi komiti ya dikgokaganyo ya mekgatloSesotho komiti ya dipuisano ya mokgaTshivenḓa komitikhonanyi ya ḽihoroXitsonga komiti ya vuhlanganisi ya vandla
party liaison officerAfrikaans partyskakelbeampteIsiZulu obhekele ezokuxhumana eqenjiniIsiXhosa igosa eliqhagamshelanisa amaqela ezopolitikoSiswati umchumanisi wenhlanganoIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sezokuthintana sehlanganoSetswana motlhankedikgo- kaganyo wa lekokoSepedi mohlankedi wa dikgokaganyo wa mokgatloSesotho mohlanka wa dipuisano wa mokgaTshivenḓa muofisirimukonanyi wa ḽihoroXitsonga muofisiri wa swa vuhlanganisi bya vandla
party listAfrikaans partylysIsiZulu uhlu lweqembuIsiXhosa uluhlu lwabagqatswa beqela lezopolitikoSiswati luhlu lwenhlanganoIsiNdebele irhelo lehlanganoSetswana lenaane la lekokoSepedi lenaneo la mokgatloSesotho lenane la bonkgetheng ba mokgaTshivenḓa mutevhe wa vhonkhetheni wa ḽihoroXitsonga nongoloko wa vandla (nxaxamelo wa vandla)
party manifest g party manifesto
party manifesto (party manifest)Afrikaans partymanifesIsiZulu umkhombandlela weqembu (imanifesto yeqembu)IsiXhosa uluhlu lwezithembiso lweqela lezopolitiko (imanifesto yeqela lezopolitiko)Siswati sichasiso senchubo yenhlanganoIsiNdebele iinthembiso zamakhetho zesiqhemaSetswana lekwalo ikemisetso la lekoko (manifesto wa lekoko) Sepedi maikemišetšomagolo a mokgatlo (manifeseto wa mokgatlo)Sesotho manifeseto ya mokgaTshivenḓa manifesiṱo wa ḽihoro (pfulufhedziso ya ḽihoro)Xitsonga manifesito ya vandla
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party ward candidateAfrikaans partywykskandidaatIsiZulu umngenelikhetho weqembu esigcemeni (ummelikhetho weqembu ewadini)IsiXhosa umgqatswa omele iqela kwiwadiSiswati umkhetfwa welicembu ewadini (umkhetfwa welicembu esigcemeni)IsiNdebele ungikhethani wehlangano ewadiniSetswana ntlhopeng wa kutle ya lekoko (ntlhopheng wa wate ya lekoko, ntlhopeng wa kgoro ya lekoko)Sepedi nkgetheng wa wate wa mokgatloSesotho nkgetheng wa wate wa mokgaTshivenḓa nkhetheni wa wadi wa ḽihoroXitsonga muyimelakulanghwa wa wadi wa vandla
peace officerAfrikaans vredesbeampteIsiZulu umgcinikuthulaIsiXhosa igosa logcino-cwangcoSiswati umngcinikuthulaIsiNdebele isiphathiswa sezokuthulaSetswana motlhankedikagisoSepedi mohlankedi wa khutšoSesotho mohlanka wa kgotsoTshivenḓa muofisiri wa mulaloXitsonga muofisiri wo tisa kurhula
percentage voteAfrikaans stempersentasieIsiZulu isibalo samavoti ngokwamaphesentiIsiXhosa inani leevoti ngokwepesentiSiswati linani lemavoti ngemaphesentiIsiNdebele inani lamavowudu ngokwamaphesenteSetswana tshupotlhopho ka phesente (mokgwa wa go tlhopha wa phesente)Sepedi dibouto ka diphesenteSesotho mokgwa wa ho kgetha ka phesente
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Tshivenḓa voutu nga phesenthe (voutu nga tshaḓana)Xitsonga nhlayoxindzana ya vavhoti
permanent residence permitAfrikaans permanenteverblyfpermit (permanenteverblyf- permit)IsiZulu imvume yokuhlala unomphelaIsiXhosa imvume yokuhlala ngokusisigxinaSiswati imvume yekuhlala siphelane (imvume yekuhlala mlibe)IsiNdebele imvumo yokuhlalela safuthiSetswana lekwalobonno la leruriSepedi lengwalotumelelo la bodudi bja sa ruriSesotho phemiti ya boahi ya moshwelellaTshivenḓa thendelo ya vhudzuli ha tshoṱheXitsonga mpfumelelo wo tshama nkarhi hinkwawo
personal freedomAfrikaans persoonlike vryheidIsiZulu inkululeko yomuntuIsiXhosa inkululeko yomntuSiswati kukhululeka kwemuntfuIsiNdebele ikululeko yomuntuSetswana kgololosego ya motho
Sepedi tokologo ya mothoSesotho tokoloho ya bothoTshivenḓa mbofholowo ya vhuṋeXitsonga ntshuxeko wa munhu
pinpoint <v.>Afrikaans spesifiek omskryfIsiZulu ukukhomba ngqo (ukushaya emhlolweni)IsiXhosa chaza ngokuchanekileyoSiswati balulaIsiNdebele -beka ngesihlokoSetswana supa ka go totobatsaSepedi go nepišaSesotho qaqisaTshivenḓa buletshedza (sumbedza)Xitsonga kongoma
plastic ballot bagAfrikaans plastiek-stembriefsakIsiZulu isikhwama samavoti seplastikiIsiXhosa ingxowa yeplastiki yokugcina iivotiSiswati sikhwama semavoti seplastikiIsiNdebele isikhwama seplastiki samaphepha wokuvowudaSetswana kgetsana ya dipampiritlhopho ya polasetiki (kgetsana ya dibaloto ya polasetiki)Sepedi mokotla wa dibouto wa polasetikiSesotho mokotla wa dibalote wa polasetikiTshivenḓa bege ya baḽotho ya plasitikiXitsonga nkwama wo hlawulela wa pulasitiki (nkwama wo vhotela wa pulasitiki)
plebiscite (referendum)Afrikaans referendumIsiZulu inhlolovoIsiXhosa uvoto lukawonkewonkeSiswati kutfola luvo ngekuvotaIsiNdebele ukuthola amazizo ngokuvowuda (ireferendamu)Setswana tlhophokatlholoSepedi mokgwakgetho wa bohle wa bosetšhaba (referantamo)
Sesotho polebisaete (referendamo)Tshivenḓa mbudzisavhathuXitsonga ku kuma mavonelo ya vanhu hinkwavo hi ku vhota
political advertisingAfrikaans politieke reklameIsiZulu ukukhangisa kwezombusazweIsiXhosa inkqubo yogayo- nkxaso yezopolitikoSiswati kutikhangisa ngetepolitiki (kutikhangisa ngetembusave)IsiNdebele ukukhangisela zepolotikiSetswana -papatso ya sepolotiki
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Sepedi kwalakwatšo ya sepolitikiSesotho ho thaothela dipolotikiTshivenḓa khungedzelo ya poḽotikiXitsonga navetisoxipolitiki
political equalityAfrikaans politieke gelykheidIsiZulu ukulingana kwezombusazweIsiXhosa ulingano kwezopolitikoSiswati kulingana ngetembusave (kulingana ngetepolitiki)IsiNdebele ukulingana kezepolotikiSetswana tekatekano ya sepoletitkiSepedi tekatekano ya sepolitikiSesotho tekano dipolotikingTshivenḓa ndinganyelo ya poḽotikiXitsonga ndzinganoxipolitiki
political eventAfrikaans politieke geleentheid (politieke gebeurtenis)IsiZulu umcimbi wezombusazweIsiXhosa umsitho wezopolitikoSiswati umcimbi wetepolitiki (sibhimbi setembusave, sibhimbi setepolitiki, umcimbi wetembusave)
IsiNdebele umnyanya wezepolotiki (umkhandlo wezepolotiki)Setswana tiragalo ya sepoletikiSepedi tiragalo ya sepolitikiSesotho ketsahalo ya dipolotikiTshivenḓa tshiwo tsha poḽotikiXitsonga xiendlekoxipolitiki
political officeAfrikaans politieke ampIsiZulu isikhundla sezombusazweIsiXhosa isikhundla sezopolitikoSiswati sikhundla setembusave (sikhundla setepolitiki)IsiNdebele isikhundla sezepolotiki (i-ofisi yezepolotiki)Setswana kantoro ya sepoletiki (ofisi ya sepoletiki)Sepedi ofisi ya sepolitikiSesotho ofisi ya dipolotikiTshivenḓa ofisi ya poḽotikiXitsonga xiyimoxipolitiki
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political opponent {opposition}Afrikaans politieke opponentIsiZulu imbangi yezombusazweIsiXhosa umphikisi kwezopolitiko (umchasi kwezopolitiko)Siswati imbangi kutembusave (imbangi kutepolitiki)IsiNdebele imbangi yezepolotikiSetswana moganetsi wa sepoletiki (moemakgatlhanong wa sepoletiki)Sepedi moganetši wa sepolitikiSesotho mohanyetsi dipolotikingTshivenḓa muhanedzani wa poḽotikiXitsonga mukaneti wa swa xipolitiki
political partyAfrikaans politieke partyIsiZulu iqembu lezombusazweIsiXhosa iqela lezopolitikoSiswati licembu letembusave (licembu letepolitiki)IsiNdebele isiqhema sepolitikiSetswana lekokosepoletiki (lekokosepoletiki)Sepedi mokgatlo wa dipolotiki (phathi ya dipolotiki)Sesotho mokga wa dipolotikiTshivenḓa ḽihoro ḽa poḽotikiXitsonga vandla ra tipolitiki
political powerAfrikaans politieke magIsiZulu amandla ezombusazweIsiXhosa igunya ngokwezopolitikoSiswati emandla kutembusave (emandla kutepolitiki)IsiNdebele amandla wezepolotikiSetswana maatla a sepoletikiSepedi maatla a sepolitikiSesotho matla a dipolotikiTshivenḓa maanḓa a zwa poḽotikiXitsonga matimbaxipolitiki
political rightsAfrikaans politieke regteIsiZulu amalungelo ezombusazweIsiXhosa amalungelo ngokwezopolitikoSiswati emalungelo etepolitiki (emalungelo etembusave)IsiNdebele amalungelo wezepolotikiSetswana ditshwanelo tsa sepoletikiSepedi ditokelo tša sepolitikiSesotho ditokelo dipolotikingTshivenḓa pfanelo dza poḽotikiXitsonga tifanelo ta swa xipolitiki (tifaneloxipolitiki)
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political toleranceAfrikaans politieke verdraagsaamheidIsiZulu ukubekezelelana kwezombusazweIsiXhosa ukunyamezelana ngokwezopolitikoSiswati kubeketelelana kutepolitiki (kubeketelelana kutembusave)IsiNdebele ukubekezelelana kezepolotikiSetswana kamogelano ya sepoletiki (itshokelano ya sepoletiki, kgotlhelelo ya sepoletiki)Sepedi kgotlelelano sepolitikingSesotho mamellano dipolotikingTshivenḓa u konḓelelana ha poḽotikiXitsonga ntiyiselano wa swa xipolitiki (ntiyiselanoxipolitiki)
Sesotho setsebi sa dikgethoTshivenḓa muḓivhi wa khethoXitsonga munhu wa swa nhlawulo (munhu wa swo vhota)
population registerAfrikaans bevolkingsregisterIsiZulu irejista enemininingwane yabantuIsiXhosa uluhlu oluqulethe iinkcukacha zoluntuSiswati luhlu lwelinanibantfu (irejista yelinanibantfu)IsiNdebele irejista yenani labantuSetswana rejisetara ya batho botlheSepedi retšisetara ya setšhabaSesotho rejisetara ya baahiTshivenḓa redzhisṱara ya vhadzulapoXitsonga rhijisitara ra vanhu hinkwavo
postal voteAfrikaans posstemIsiZulu ukuvota ngeposiIsiXhosa ukuvota ngeposiSiswati kuvota ngeliposiIsiNdebele ukuvowuda ngeposoSetswana tlhopho ka tirisoposoSepedi bouto ka posoSesotho kgetho ka posoTshivenḓa u vouta nga poswo (u khetha nga poswo)Xitsonga ku hlawula hi poso (ku vhota hi poso)
potential voterAfrikaans potensiële kieser (moontlike kieser)IsiZulu ongavota (ongahle avote)IsiXhosa oselungelweni lokuvota (onokuvota)Siswati lofanele kuvota (lolungele kuvota, lovumeleke kuvota)IsiNdebele ofanele ukuvowudaSetswana mokatlhophaSepedi motho yo a ka boutagoSesotho mokgethi ya molaongTshivenḓa muvouti o tendelwaho (mukhethi o tendelwaho)Xitsonga muvhoti wo ringanela (muhlawuri wo ringanela)
potential voting stationAfrikaans potensiële stemlokaal (moontlike stemlokaal)IsiZulu isikhungo okungahle kuvotelwe kusonaIsiXhosa isikhululo esilungele ukuvotelaSiswati indzawo lengaba siteshi sekuvotelaIsiNdebele isitetjhi esingavowudiselaSetswana seteišene sa go ka tlhophelaSepedi lefelo leo le ka dirwago setiši sa go boutaSesotho setsi se molaong ho kgethelaTshivenḓa tshiṱitshi tsha u voutela tsho tendelwaho (tshiṱitshi tsha u khethela tsho tendelwaho)Xitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela lexi nga ringanela (xitichi xo vhotela lexi nga ringanela)
powers and functionsAfrikaans bevoegdhede en werksaamhedeIsiZulu amandla nemisebenziIsiXhosa amagunya nemisebenziSiswati emandla nemisebentiIsiNdebele amandla nemisebenziSetswana dithata le ditiro (maatla le ditiro)Sepedi maatla le mešomoSesotho matla le mesebetsiTshivenḓa maanḓa na mishumoXitsonga matimba na mitirho
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PR g proportional representation
pre-election <adj.>Afrikaans voorverkiesing-IsiZulu ngaphambi kokhethoIsiXhosa phambi konyuloSiswati ngembi kwelukhetfoIsiNdebele ngaphambi kwekhethoSetswana - pele ga ditlhophoSepedi nako ya pele ga dikgethoSesotho pele ho dikgethoTshivenḓa thangelakhethoXitsonga ku nga si fika nhlawulo
pre-election pollAfrikaans voorverkiesingspeilingIsiZulu inhlolovo ngaphambi kokhethoIsiXhosa intlolo-vo phambi konyuloSiswati luhlolovo ngembi kwelukhetfoIsiNdebele amazizo wangaphambi kwekhethoSetswana patlomaikutlo pele ga ditlhophoSepedi dikgethotekoloSesotho thonyo ya maikutlo pele ho dikgethoTshivenḓa ṱhoḓisiso ya thangelakhethoXitsonga ku twa mavonelo ya vanhu ku nga si fika nhlawulo
pre-election report formAfrikaans voorverkiesings- verslagvormIsiZulu ifomu lombiko ngaphambi kokhethoIsiXhosa ifom yoniko-ngxelo phambi konyuloSiswati lifomu lembiko wangembi kwelukhetfoIsiNdebele iforomombiko langaphambi kwekhethoSetswana foromopegelo ya pele ga ditlhophoSepedi foromo ya pego ya nako ya pele ga dikgethoSesotho foromo ya tlaleho ya pele ho dikgethoTshivenḓa fomo ya muvhigo ya thangelakhethoXitsonga fomo ya xiviko ku nga si fika nhlawulo
Setswana mokgwatlho- photatelanoSepedi go bouta ka tatelanyoSesotho kgetho ka tlhahlamanyoTshivenḓa u vouta nga u tevhekanya miraḓo (u khetha nga u tevhekanya miraḓo)Xitsonga ku hlawula hi ku longoloxa vayimelakulanghwa (ku vhota hi ku longoloxa vayimelakulanghwa)
president-electAfrikaans aangewese presidentIsiZulu okhethelwe ubumengameliIsiXhosa oza kuba ngumongameliSiswati lokhetselwe bungameliIsiNdebele umengameli ongakathomi ukusebenzaSetswana tautona yo a iseng a tlhophiwe (ntlhopheng wa boporesidente, ntlhopheng wa bopresidente)Sepedi moporesitente yoo a sego a hlonamišwaSesotho mokgethwa wa boporesidenteTshivenḓa phresidennde o khethwahoXitsonga puresidente loyi a nga si vekiwaka ximfumo
Sepedi hlogo ya setiši sa dikgetho (hlogo ya seteišene sa dikgetho)Sesotho motsamaisi wa dikgethoTshivenḓa mutshimbidzatshiṱitshiXitsonga mufambisi wa xitichi xo vhotela
prohibited conductAfrikaans verbode gedragIsiZulu ukuziphatha okungavumelekileIsiXhosa ukuziphatha okungavumelekangaSiswati kutiphatsa lokungakavumelekiIsiNdebele ukuziphatha okungakavunyelwaSetswana maitsholo a a ileditswengSepedi maitshwaro ao a ganetšwagoSesotho boitshwaro bo sa dumellwangTshivenḓa mikhwa yo iledzwahoXitsonga matikhomelo lawa yirisiweke
Setswana bothatikhuduthamaga jwa porofense (khuduthamaga ya porofense)Sepedi lekgotlaphethiši la profense (lekgotlaphethiši la profentshe)Sesotho bolaodi ba phethahatso ba porovenseTshivenḓa khorotshitumbe ya vunduXitsonga huvonkulu ya xifundzankulu
provincial governmentAfrikaans provinsiale regeringIsiZulu uhulumeni wesifundazweIsiXhosa urhulumente wephondoSiswati hulumende wesifundzaIsiNdebele urhulumende wesifundaSetswana puso ya porofenseSepedi mmušo wa profense (mmušo wa profentshe)Sesotho mmuso wa porovenseTshivenḓa muvhuso vunduXitsonga mfumo wa xifundzankulu
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provisional allocation {seats}Afrikaans voorlopige toewysingIsiZulu ukwabiwa okwesikhashana kwezihlaloIsiXhosa ulwabiwo lwezihlalo lwethutyanaSiswati kwabiwa kwetihlalo kwesikhashanaIsiNdebele ukwabiwa kwesikhatjhanaSetswana kaboditulonakwanaSepedi kabo ya lebakanyanaSesotho kabo ya nakwanaTshivenḓa khovhekhanywo ya madzulo ya tshifhinganyanaXitsonga nkavelo wa nkarhinyana wa switulu
public interestAfrikaans openbare belangIsiZulu intshisekelo yomphakathiIsiXhosa umdla woluntuSiswati inshisekelo yesiveIsiNdebele ikareko yomphakathiSetswana kgatlhego ya setšhabaSepedi kgahlego ya setšhabaSesotho molemong wa setjhabaTshivenḓa dzangalelo ḽa tshitshavhaXitsonga ntsakelo wa vaakatiko
public serviceAfrikaans staatsdiensIsiZulu umsebenzi kahulumeniIsiXhosa inkonzo karhulumenteSiswati sikhungo semisebenti yahulumendeIsiNdebele ikoro yemisebenzi yombusoSetswana bodiredipuso (tireloset šhaba)Sepedi tirelo ya setšhabaSesotho tshebeletso ya setjhabaTshivenḓa tshumelo ya muvhuso (tshumelo ya nnyi na nnyi)Xitsonga vukorhekeri bya mfumo (vukorhokeri bya vaakatiko)
ngokobuhlangaSetswana tekatekano ya lotsoSepedi tekatekano ya merafeSesotho tekano ya merabeTshivenḓa ndinganyiso ya mirafhoXitsonga ndzingano wa tinxaka
kwetekuphephaIsiNdebele ilawulovikelekoSetswana taolotshireletsoSepedi taolo ya tšhireletšoSesotho taolo ya tshireletsoTshivenḓa ndaulo ya tsireledzoXitsonga ndzawulo wa
(ithephu yekuvikela)IsiNdebele itheyiphu yevikelekoSetswana theipitshireletsoSepedi theipi ya tšhireletšoSesotho theipi ya tshireletsoTshivenḓa theiphi ya tsireledzoXitsonga thepi yo sirhelela
single-member district (single-winner voting)Afrikaans enkelliddistrikIsiZulu isifunda selungu
elilodwaIsiXhosa isithili sonyulo-lunguSiswati sigodzi selilunga linyeIsiNdebele isiyingi esilungalinyeSetswana kgaolo ya kemedi-esiSepedi selete sa lelokoteeSesotho setereke sa setho se
special voteAfrikaans spesiale stemIsiZulu ivoti elikhethekileIsiXhosa ivoti ekhethekileyoSiswati livoti lelikhetsekileIsiNdebele ivowudu ekhethekilekoSetswana voutu e e kgethegileng (tlhopho e e kgethegileng)Sepedi bouto yeo e ikgethilegoSesotho kgetho e kgethehilengTshivenḓa voutu ya tshipentshalaXitsonga vhoti yo hlawuleka
spoilt ballotAfrikaans bedorwe stembriefIsiZulu iphepha lokuvota elonakeleIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvota elonakalisiweyoSiswati liphepha lekuvota lelonakeleIsiNdebele ivowudu elonakelekoSetswana pampiritlhopho e e senyegileng (balototlhopho e e senyegileng)Sepedi palote yeo e senyegilegoSesotho balote e senyehilengTshivenḓa baḽotho yo khakheahoXitsonga phepha ro hlawulela leri nga tatiwangiki kahle (phepha ro vhotela leri nga tatiwangiki kahle, baloto leyi nga tatiwangiki kahle)
temporary identity certificate g temporary identity document
temporary identity document (temporary identity certificate)Afrikaans tydelike identiteitsdokumentIsiZulu umazisi wesikhashanaIsiXhosa ulindelaSiswati matisi wesikhashana (sichubekiso)IsiNdebele umazisi wesikhatjhana (ibhugwana yesikhatjhana)Setswana lokwaloitshupo la nakwanaSepedi lengwalo la boitsebišo la nakwanaSesotho tokomane ya boitsebiso ya nakwanaTshivenḓa ṱhanziela ya vhuṋe ya tshifhinganyana (ḽiṅwalo ḽa vhuṋe ḽa tshifhinganyana)Xitsonga tsalwa ra vutitivisi ra nkarhinyana
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temporary obligationAfrikaans tydelike verpligtingIsiZulu isibopho sesikhashanaIsiXhosa isibophelelo sethutyanaSiswati sibopho sesikhashanaIsiNdebele isibopho sesikhatjhanaSetswana tlamego ya nakwanaSepedi kgapeletšego ya nakwana (tlamego ya nakwana)Sesotho tlameho ya nakwanaTshivenḓa vhuḓifhinduleli ha tshifhinganyanaXitsonga xiboho xa nkarhinyana
temporary voter’s cardAfrikaans tydelike kieserskaartIsiZulu ikhadi lomvoti lesikhashanaIsiXhosa ikhadi lomvoti lethutyanaSiswati likhadi lemvoti lesikhashanaIsiNdebele ikarada lomvowudi lesikhatjhanaSetswana karatatlhopho ya nakwanaSepedi karata ya mokgethi ya nakwanaSesotho karete ya mokgethi ya nakwanaTshivenḓa garaṱa ya u khetha ya tshifhinganyana (garaṱa ya u vouta ya tshifhinganyana)
Xitsonga karata ro hlawula ra nkarhinyana (karata ro vhota ra nkarhinyana, khadi ro hlawula ra nkarhinyana, khadi ro vhota ra nkarhinyana)
tendered ballot (tendered vote)Afrikaans aangebode stembriefIsiZulu iphepha lokuvota eselinikeziweIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvota elikhutshiweyoSiswati livoti lelinemphikiswanoIsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowuda elikhutjhiwekoSetswana baloto e e ntshitswengSepedi bouto ya bobedi morago ga ngangišanoSesotho pampiri ya kgetho e fanwengTshivenḓa baḽotho yo khwaṱhisedzwahoXitsonga phepha ro hlawulela leri nyikiweke (phepha ro vhotela leri nyikiweke, baloto leyi nyikiweke)
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tendered vote g tendered ballot
the pollsAfrikaans verkiesingIsiZulu ukhethoIsiXhosa unyuloSiswati lukhetfoIsiNdebele ikhethoSetswana ditlhophoSepedi dikgethoSesotho dikgethoTshivenḓa khethoXitsonga nhlawulo hi ku angarhela
traditional leaderAfrikaans tradisionele leierIsiZulu umholi wendabukoIsiXhosa inkokheli yomthonyamaSiswati umholi wendzabukoIsiNdebele umrholi wendabukoSetswana moetapele wa setsoSepedi kgoši (moetapele wa setšo)Sesotho moetapele wa setsoTshivenḓa murangaphanḓa wa sialalaXitsonga murhangeri wa ndhavuko
transitional authorityAfrikaans oorgangsregeringIsiZulu umaziphathe wesikhashanaIsiXhosa ugunyaziwe wethutyana (ugunyaziwe wenguqu)Siswati emandla ngesikhatsi sengucuko (emandla ngesikhatsi seluntjintjo)IsiNdebele amandla wedluliseloSetswana pusokgabaganyo (pusophetogo)Sepedi taolo ya nako ya phetoleloSesotho bolaodi nakong ya phetohoTshivenḓa maanḓalanga a u pfukelaXitsonga matimba ya ncinco
transitional council areaAfrikaans oorgangsraadgebiedIsiZulu indawo yomkhandlu wesikhashanaIsiXhosa ingingqi yebhunga lethutyana (indawo yebhunga elenziwa inguqu)Siswati indzawo yemkhandlu wesikhatsi sengucuko (indzawo yemkhandlu wesikhatsi seluntjintjo)IsiNdebele indawo yomkhandlu wedluliseloSetswana lefelokgotla la kgabaganyo (lefelokgotla la pusophetogo)Sepedi lefelo la khantshele ka nako ya phetoleloSesotho sebaka sa khansele nakong ya phetohoTshivenḓa vhupo ha khoro ya tshifhinganyanaXitsonga ndhawu ya huvo hi nkarhi wa ncinco
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Transitional Executive Council (TEC)Afrikaans Uitvoerende Oorgangsraad (UOR)IsiZulu Umkhandlu Olawulayo WesikhashanaIsiXhosa iBhunga loLawulo- nguqu (iBhunga loLawulo leThutyana)Siswati Umkhandlu Lophetse Ngesikhatsi Sengucuko (Umkhandlu Lophetse Ngesikhatsi Seluntjintjo)IsiNdebele uMkhandlu oPhetheko weDluliseloSetswana Khuduthamagakga- baganyo (Khuduthamaga- phetogo)Sepedi Khantshelephethiši ya Nakong ya PhetoleloSesotho Khansele ya Phethahatso Nakong ya PhetohoTshivenḓa Khorotshitumbe ya TshifhinganyanaXitsonga Huvonkulu ya Nkarhi wa Ncinco
Transitional Local Council (TLC)Afrikaans Plaaslike Oorgangsraad (POR)IsiZulu Umkhandlu Wezindawo Wesikhashana (i-TLC)IsiXhosa iBhunga leNgingqi leThutyana Siswati Umkhandludolobha Wesikhatsi
Sengucuko (Umkhandludolobha Wesikhatsi Seluntjintjo)IsiNdebele uMkhandlu weNdawo weDluliseloSetswana Lekgotlaselegae la Kgabaganyo (Lekgotlaselegae la Phetogo)Sepedi Khantshele ya Selegae ya Nako ya PhetoleloSesotho Khansele ya Lehae Nakong ya PhetohoTshivenḓa Khoro ya Muvhuso Wapo ya TshifhinganyanaXitsonga Huvo ya Muganga ya Nkarhi wa Ncinco
Setswana TMC (Lekgotlatoropokgolo la Kgabaganyo)Sepedi Khantshele ya Metheropholithene ya Nakong ya PhetoleloSesotho Khansele ya Metropholithene Nakong ya PhetohoTshivenḓa Khoro ya Tshifhinganyana ya Ḓorobo KhulwaneXitsonga Huvo ya Dorobankulu ya Nkarhi wa Ncinco
Sepedi Karolo ya Khantshele ya Metheropholithene ya Nako ya PhetoleloSesotho Karolwana ya Metropholithene Nakong ya PhetohoTshivenḓa Davhi ḽa Khoro ya Ḓorobo khulwane ḽa TshifhinganyanaXitsonga Rhavi ra Huvo ya Dorobankulu ya Nkarhi wa Ncinco
two-round system (TRS, two-round electoral system)Afrikaans dubbelrondtekiesstelselIsiZulu uhlelo lokukhetha kabiliIsiXhosa umjikelo wesibini kunyuloSiswati luhlelo lwekukhetsa kabiliIsiNdebele irherho elimizombemibiliSetswana thulaganyo ya tlhophogabediSepedi tshepetšo ya go kgetha gabediSesotho tsamaiso ya ho kgetha habediTshivenḓa sisteme ya u khetha luvhili (sisteme ya u vouta luvhili)Xitsonga maendlelo yo hlawula kambirhi (maendlelo yo vhota kambirhi)
two-tier districtingAfrikaans tweevlakseteltoedelingIsiZulu ukwabiwa kwezihlalo ngezigaba ezifundeniIsiXhosa ulwabiwo-zihlalo oluntlantlumbiniSiswati kwabiwa kwetihlalo ngalokulingene ngekweluhlu lwetigodzi nelwavelonkheIsiNdebele ukuthawulelwa kweenyingiSetswana kabo ya ditulo go tswa malokong a kgaolo e le nngweSepedi kabo ya ditulo ya magatomabediSesotho kabo ya ditulo maemong a mabedi
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Tshivenḓa kukovhekanyele kwa madzulo u bva kha mutevhe wa tshiṱiriki na wa lushakaXitsonga avelo wa switulu swa swifundza na swa rixaka
UunconstitutionalAfrikaans ongrondwetlikIsiZulu okuphambene nomthethosisekelo (okungahambisani nomthethosisekelo)IsiXhosa -ngahambisani nomgaqo-sisekoSiswati -phambene nemtsetfosisekeloIsiNdebele -phambene nomthethosisekelo (-ngakhambisani nomthethosisekelo)Setswana kgatlhanong le molaotheoSepedi go se ye ka molaotheoSesotho -seng molaong wa motheoTshivenḓa -lwaho na ndayotewa (-lwaho na mulayotewa)Xitsonga leswi lwisanaka na vumbiwa
undecided voter g floating voter
undepleted listAfrikaans onuitgeputte lysIsiZulu uhlu olungaqediweIsiXhosa uluhlu olungagqitywangaSiswati luhlu lolungakacedvwaIsiNdebele irhelo elingakahlengwaSetswana lenaane le le sa fetswangSepedi lenaneo la go se fokotšweSesotho lenane le sa fokotswangTshivenḓa mutevhe u songo fhelelahoXitsonga nongoloko lowu nga hungutiwangiki (nxaxamelo lowu nga hungutiwangiki)
undue influenceAfrikaans onbehoorlike beïnvloedingIsiZulu ithonya elingafanele (umthelela ongafanele)IsiXhosa ulukuhloSiswati kufaka umoyaIsiNdebele ukwenzisa okungafunekikoSetswana tlhotlheletso e e sa batlegeng (tlhotlheletso e e sa siamang)Sepedi khuetšo ya go se be malebaSesotho tshusumetso e sa hlokahalengTshivenḓa u ṱuṱuwedza ho khakheahoXitsonga nhlohlotelo lowu nga lulamangiki
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unequal representation g malapportionment
unissued ballot paperAfrikaans onuitgereikte stembriefIsiZulu iphepha lokuvota elingakhishwangaIsiXhosa iphepha lokuvota elingakhutshwangaSiswati liphepha lekuvota lelingakakhishwaIsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowuda elingakakhutjhwaSetswana pampiritlhopho e e sa ntshiwang (pampiritlhopho e e sa abiwang)Sepedi pampiri ya go kgetha yeo e sa ntšhwagoSesotho pampiri ya balote e sa ntshwangTshivenḓa baḽotho i songo bviswahoXitsonga phepha ro hlawulela leri nga nyikiwangiki (phepha ro vhotela leri nga nyikiwangiki, baloto leyi nga nyikiwangiki)
IsiNdebele iphepha lokuvowuda elingakasetjenziswaSetswana pampiritlhopho e e sa dirisiwangSepedi pampiri ya go kgetha yeo e sa šomišwagoSesotho pampiri ya balote e sa sebediswangTshivenḓa baḽotho i songo shumahoXitsonga phepha ro hlawulela leri nga tirhisiwangiki (phepha ro vhotela leri nga tirhisiwangiki, baloto leyi nga tirhisiwangiki)
urban cadastral boundaryAfrikaans stedelike kadastrale grensIsiZulu umngcele wedolobhaIsiXhosa umda wolawulo lwedolophuSiswati umncele welidolobha (umnyele welidolobha)IsiNdebele umkhawulo wedorobhoSetswana molelwane wa toropoSepedi mollwane wa magomo a motsesetoropoSesotho moedi wa toropoTshivenḓa mukano wa magumo a ḓoroboXitsonga ndzelekano wa doroba
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urban voters’ districtAfrikaans stedelike stemdistrikIsiZulu isifunda sabavoti basemadolobheniIsiXhosa isithili sovoto ezidolophiniSiswati sigodzi sebavoti basemadolobheniIsiNdebele isiyingi sabavowudi bemadorobheniSetswana kgaolo ya batlhophi ba toropoSepedi selete sa bakgethi sa motsesetoropoSesotho setereke sa bakgethi toropongTshivenḓa tshiṱiriki tsha vhakhethi vha dziḓoroboni (tshiṱiriki tsha vhavouti vha dziḓoroboni)Xitsonga muavo wa tindhawu ta vahlawuri va le madorebeni (muavo wa tindhawu ta vavhoti va le madorobeni)
vote into officeAfrikaans tot die amp verkiesIsiZulu ukuvotela esikhundleniIsiXhosa ukubeka esikhundleni (ukuvotela esikhundleni)Siswati beka esikhundleniIsiNdebele -beka esikhundleniSetswana tlhophela maemoSepedi -boutela bonkgethengSesotho -kgethaTshivenḓa u dzhenisa vhuimoniXitsonga ku veka exitulwini
voter apathyAfrikaans kiesersonbetrokkenheidIsiZulu ukungabi namdlandla kwabavoti (ukungabi nantshisekelo kwabavoti)IsiXhosa ukungabi namdla kuvotoSiswati linani leliphasi lalabavotileIsiNdebele ukuziba ukuvowuda (ukugegeda ukuvowuda)Setswana thologelotlase ya ditlhophoSepedi go se boute ka bontšiSesotho palo e fokolang ya bakgethiTshivenḓa u sa vouta nga vhunzhi (u sa khetha nga vhunzhi)Xitsonga nhlayo ya le hansi ya vahlawuri (nhlayo ya le hansi ya vavhoti)
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voter canvassingAfrikaans stemwerwingIsiZulu ukunxenxa abavotiIsiXhosa ukugaya ivoti (ugayo-voti)Siswati kukhankhasela emavotiIsiNdebele ukubawa amavowudi (ukufuna amavowudi, ukukhombela amavowudi)Setswana ikopelotlhophoSepedi kuwauwetšo ya bakgethiSesotho ho thaotha bakgethiTshivenḓa u galatsha vhakhethi (u galatsha vhavouti)Xitsonga ku gangisela tivhoti
voter educationAfrikaans kiesersopleidingIsiZulu ukufundiswa ngokuvotaIsiXhosa imfundiso ngovotoSiswati imfundziso ngekuvota (kufundzisa ngekuvota)IsiNdebele ifundiso ngezekhetho (ifundiso ngezokuvowuda)Setswana thuto ya batlhopiSepedi thuto ya bakgethiSesotho thuto ya dikgethoTshivenḓa pfunzo ya vhakhethi (pfunzo ya vhavouti)Xitsonga dyondzo ya ku hlawula (dyondzo ya ku vhota)
voter education campaignAfrikaans kiesersopleidings- veldtogIsiZulu umkhankaso wokufundisa ngokuvotaIsiXhosa iphulo lokufundisa ngovotoSiswati umkhankhaso wekufundzisa ngekuvotaIsiNdebele ijima lefundiso ngezekhethoSetswana letsholothuto la batlhophiSepedi lesolo la thuto ya bakgethiSesotho letsholo la thuto ya dikgethoTshivenḓa fulo ḽa pfunzo ya vhakhethi (fulo ḽa pfunzo ya vhavouti)Xitsonga pfhumba ra ntsariso wa vahlawuri (pfhumba ra ntsariso wa vavhoti)
Setswana lenaanethuto la batlhophiSepedi lenaneo la thuto ya bakgethiSesotho lenaneo la thuto ya dikgethoTshivenḓa mbekanyamushumo ya pfunzo ya vhakhethi (mbekanyamushumo ya pfunzo ya vhavouti)Xitsonga nongonoko wa dyondzo ya nhlawulo
voter literacyAfrikaans kiesersgeletterdheidIsiZulu ulwazi ngokuvotaIsiXhosa ulwazi ngovotoSiswati lwati ngekuvotaIsiNdebele ilwazi ngokuvowudaSetswana kitso ya batlhophiSepedi bokgoni bja go bala le go ngwala bja bakgethiSesotho tsebo ka dikgethoTshivenḓa nḓivho ya vhakhethi (nḓivho ya vhavouti)Xitsonga litiresi ya vahlawuri (litiresi ya vavhoti)
voter registrationAfrikaans kiesersregistrasieIsiZulu ukubhaliswa kwabavotiIsiXhosa ukubhalisela uvotoSiswati kubhaliswa kwebavotiIsiNdebele ukutlolisa kwabavowudiSetswana kwadiso ya batlhophiSepedi go retšisetara ga bakgethi (boingwadišo bja bakgethi)
Sesotho boingodiso ba bakgethiTshivenḓa vhuḓiṅwalisi ha vhakhethi (vhuḓiṅwalisi ha vhavouti)Xitsonga ntsariso wa vahlawuri (ntsariso wa vavhoti)
voter registration campaignAfrikaans kiesersregistrasie- veldtogIsiZulu umkhankaso wokubhaliswa kwabavotiIsiXhosa iphulo lokubhalisela uvotoSiswati umkhankhaso wekubhaliswa kwebavotiIsiNdebele ijima lokutloliswa kwabavowudiSetswana letsholokwadiso la batlhophiSepedi khampheine ya go retšisetara ya bakgethi (lesolo la go retšisetara ga bakgethi)Sesotho letsholo la boingodiso ba bakgethiTshivenḓa fulo ḽa u ṅwalisa vhakhethi (fulo ḽa u ṅwalisa vhavouti)Xitsonga pfhumba ra ntsariso wa vahlawuri (pfhumba ra ntsariso wa vavhoti)
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voter registration driveAfrikaans kiesersregistrasieaksieIsiZulu ukugqugquzela ukubhalisela ukuvotaIsiXhosa iphulo lokubhaliswa kwabavotiSiswati umkhankhaso wekubhaliswa kwebavoti (umtamo wekubhaliswa kwebavoti)IsiNdebele ijima lokutloliswa kwabavowudiSetswana letsholokwadiso la batlhophiSepedi tlhohleletšo ya boingwadišo bja bakgethiSesotho letsholo la boingodiso ba bakgethiTshivenḓa u kunga vhakhethi uri vha ḓiṅwalise (u kunga vhavouti uri vha ḓiṅwalise)Xitsonga pfhumba ro rhamba vahlawuri ku titsarisela (pfhumba ro rhamba vavhoti ku titsarisela)
abavowudiSetswana tafoleikwadiso ya batlhophiSepedi tafola ya boingwadišo bja bakgethiSesotho tafole ya boingodiso ba bakgethiTshivenḓa ṱafula ḽa u ṅwalisa vhakhethi (ṱafula ḽa u ṅwalisa vhavouti)Xitsonga tafula ra ntsariso wa vahlawuri (tafula ra ntsariso wa vavhoti)
voter’s cardAfrikaans kieserskaartIsiZulu ikhadi lomvotiIsiXhosa ikhadi lomvotiSiswati likhadi lemvotiIsiNdebele ikarada lomvowudiSetswana karata ya motlhopiSepedi karata ya mokgethi (karata ya mobouti)Sesotho karete ya mokgethiTshivenḓa garaṱa ya mukhethi (garaṱa ya muvouti)Xitsonga khadi ra muhlawuri (khadi ra muvhoti)
Siswati incwajana legunyata umvotiIsiNdebele umtlolo wokuvumeleka ukuvowudaSetswana lokwalo lwa tshwanelo ya go tlhophaSepedi tokomane ya maswanedi a go boutaSesotho tokomane ya tokelo ya mokgethiTshivenḓa ḽiṅwalo ḽa thendelo ya mukhethi (ḽiṅwalo ḽa thendelo ya muvouti)Xitsonga tsalwa ra ndzinganelo ra muhlawuri (tsalwa ra ndzinganelo ra muvhoti)
voters’ list g voters’ roll
voters’ roll (electoral list, voters’ list)Afrikaans kieserslysIsiZulu uhlu lwabavotiIsiXhosa umqulu woluhlu lwabavotiSiswati luhlu lwebavotiIsiNdebele irhelo labavowudiSetswana lenaane la batlhophiSepedi lenaneo la bakgethiSesotho lenane la bakgethiTshivenḓa mutevhe wa vhakhethi (mutevhe wa vhavouti)Xitsonga rhijisitara ra vahlawuri (rhijisitara ra vavhoti)
voters’ roll g common voters’ roll
voter’s roll checkAfrikaans kieserslyskontroleIsiZulu ukuhlola uhlu lwabavotiIsiXhosa ukuhlolwa komqulu woluhlu lwabavotiSiswati kuhlola luhlu lwebavotiIsiNdebele ukuhlolwa kwerhelo labavowudiSetswana tlhatlhobo ya lenaane la batlhophiSepedi tekolo ya lenaneo la bakgethi (tekolo ya lenaneo la babouti)Sesotho tekolo ya lenane la bakgethiTshivenḓa u ṱola mutevhe wa vhakhethi (u ṱola mutevhe wa vhavouti)Xitsonga nkambelo wa nongonoko wa vahlawuri (nkambelo wa nongonoko wa vavhoti)
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voters’ roll officerAfrikaans kieserslysbeampteIsiZulu obhekele uhlu lwabavoti (isiphathimandla sohlu labavoti)IsiXhosa igosa lomqulu woluhlu lwabavotiSiswati losebenta ngeluhlu lwebavotiIsiNdebele isiphathiswa serhelo labavowudiSetswana motlhankedi wa lenaane la batlhophiSepedi molekodi wa lenaneo la bakgethi (molekodi wa lenaneo la babouti)Sesotho mohlanka wa lenane la dikgethoTshivenḓa muofisiri mulangi wa mutevhe wa vhakhethi (muofisiri mulangi wa mutevhe wa vhavouti)Xitsonga muofisiri wa nongoloko wa vahlawuri (muofisiri wa nongoloko wa vavhoti)
Sepedi go bouta (go kgetha)Sesotho ho kgethaTshivenḓa u vouta (u khetha)Xitsonga ku hlawula (ku vhota)
voting ageAfrikaans stemouderdomIsiZulu ubudala obuvumela ukuvotaIsiXhosa ubudala obuvumela ukuvotaSiswati umnyaka lokuvumela kuvotaIsiNdebele umnyaka wokuvowuda (ubudala bokuvowuda)Setswana dingwagatlhophoSepedi mengwagatumelelo ya go boutaSesotho dilemo tsa ho kgethaTshivenḓa miṅwaha ya u vouta (miṅwaha ya u khetha)Xitsonga malembe yo hlawula (malembe yo vhota)
voting age population numberAfrikaans aantal stemgeregtigdes (stemouderdomgetal)IsiZulu isibalo somphakathi ovumeleke ukuvota ngokobudalaIsiXhosa inani labantu abakwiminyaka evumela ukuvotaSiswati sibalo sebantfu labaneminyaka yekuvota
IsiNdebele isifundakhethoSetswana kgaolotlhophoSepedi karolokgethoSesotho lebatowa la dikgethoTshivenḓa fhethu ha u voutela
(fhethu ha u khethela, vhukhetheloni)
Xitsonga ndhawu ya vaseketeri(ndhawu ya vahlawuri)
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voting day g election day
voting day help listAfrikaans stemdaghulplysIsiZulu uhlu lokusiza ngosuku lokuvotaIsiXhosa uluhlu lwezixhobo zemini yovotoSiswati luhlu lwekusita lwangelilanga lekuvotaIsiNdebele Irhelo lesizo ngelanga lokuvowuda (irhelo lesizo ngelanga lekhetho)Setswana lenaanethuso la letsatsi la go tlhophaSepedi lenaneotlhahli la letšatši la dikgethoSesotho dayari ya dikgethoTshivenḓa mutevhe wa thuso wa ḓuvha ḽa u vouta (mutevhe wa thuso wa ḓuvha ḽa u khetha)Xitsonga nongoloko wa swipfuno swa siku ra nhlawulo (nongoloko wa swipfuno swa siku ro vhota)
IsiNdebele iforomombiko lelanga lekhetho (iforomombiko lelanga lokuvowuda)Setswana foromopegelo ya letsatsi la ditlhopho (fomopegelo ya letsatsi la ditlhopho)Sepedi foromo ya pego ka letšatši la dikgethoSesotho foromo ya tlaleho ya letsatsi la dikgethoTshivenḓa fomo ya muvhigo wa ḓuvha ḽa u vouta (fomo ya muvhigo wa ḓuvha ḽa u khetha)Xitsonga fomo ya xiviko xa siku ra nhlawulo (fomo ya xiviko xa siku ro vhota)
voting district (electoral district, polling district)Afrikaans stemdistrikIsiZulu isifunda sokuvotelaIsiXhosa isithili sovotoSiswati sigodzi sekuvotelaIsiNdebele isiyingi sokuvowudelaSetswana kgaolotlhopho (setereke sa ditlhopho)Sepedi seletekgethoSesotho setereke sa dikgethoTshivenḓa tshiṱiriki tsha u voutela (tshiṱiriki tsha u khethela)Xitsonga xifundza xa nhlawulo
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voting district adjustment formAfrikaans stemdistrikaanpas- singsvormIsiZulu ifomu lokuchibiyela esifundeni sokuvotelaIsiXhosa ifom yohlengahlengiso yesithili sovotoSiswati lifomu lekuntjintja imininingwane yesigodzi sekuvotelaIsiNdebele iforomo lamatjhuguluko lesiyingi sokuvowudelaSetswana foromotolamiso ya kgaolotlhopho (fomotolamiso ya kgaolotlhopho)Sepedi foromo ya phetošo ya tshedimošo ya seletekgethoSesotho foromo ya tokiso ya setereke sa dikgethoTshivenḓa fomo ya u dzudzanyulula ya tshiṱiriki tsha u voutela (fomo ya u dzudzanyulula ya tshiṱiriki tsha u khethela)Xitsonga fomo yo cinca vuxokoxoko exifundzheni xo hlawulela (fomo yo cinca vuxokoxoko exifundzheni xo vhotela)
voting district numberAfrikaans stemdistriknommerIsiZulu inamba yesifunda sokuvotela (inombolo yesifunda sokuvotela)IsiXhosa inombolo yesithili sovotoSiswati inombolo yesigodzi sekuvotelaIsiNdebele inomboro yesiyingi sokuvowudelaSetswana nomoro ya kgaolotlhophoSepedi nomoro ya seletekgethoSesotho nomoro ya setereke sa dikgethoTshivenḓa nomboro ya tshiṱiriki tsha u voutela (nomboro ya tshiṱiriki tsha u khethela)Xitsonga nomboro ya xifundza xo hlawulela (nomboro ya xifundza xo vhotela)
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voting irregularityAfrikaans verkiesingsonreël- matigheidIsiZulu ukungahambisi ngendlela yokuvotaIsiXhosa ukuphuma kumgaqo wovotoSiswati kwephula umtsetfo wekuvota (kutiphatsa kabi ekuvoteni)IsiNdebele okuphambene nekambiso yokuvowuda (umtjhapho)Setswana phoso ya ditlhophoSepedi bošaedi dikgethongSesotho phoso dikgethongTshivenḓa kuvoutele kwo khakheaho (kukhethele kwo khakheaho)Xitsonga ku vhota ko hoxeka
voting materialAfrikaans verkiesingsmateriaalIsiZulu izinsiza zokuvotaIsiXhosa izixhobo zovotoSiswati tinsita tekuvota (tisetjentiswa tekuvota)IsiNdebele iinsetjenziswa zokuvowudaSetswana didiriswa tsa ditlhophoSepedi didirišwa tša go kgethaSesotho disebediswa tsa dikgethoTshivenḓa zwishumiswa zwa u vouta (tshomedzo ya u khetha, tshomedzo ya u
voting populationAfrikaans stemgeregtigdes (stemgeregtigde bevolking)IsiZulu abantu abangavotaIsiXhosa abavotiSiswati linanibantfu lelingavotaIsiNdebele abavowudiSetswana batlhophi botlheSepedi batho ba maswanedi a go bouta (batho ba maloka a go bouta)Sesotho bakgethiTshivenḓa vhavouti (vhakhethi)Xitsonga vahlawuri hinkwavo (vavhoti hinkwavo)
voting procedureAfrikaans stemprosedureIsiZulu inqubo yokuvotaIsiXhosa inkqubo yovotoSiswati inchubo yekuvotaIsiNdebele ikambiso yokuvowudaSetswana mokgwatsamaiso wa ditlhophoSepedi tshepedišo ya dikgethoSesotho mokgwa wa ho kgethaTshivenḓa mavoutele (makhethele)Xitsonga mafambiselo ya nhlawulo
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voting station (polling station)Afrikaans stemlokaalIsiZulu isikhungo sokuvotelaIsiXhosa isikhululo sovotoSiswati siteshi sekuvotela (sikhungo sekuvotela)IsiNdebele isitetjhi sokuvowudelaSetswana seteišene sa ditlhophoSepedi setiši sa dikgetho (seteišene)Sesotho setsi sa dikgethoTshivenḓa tshiṱitshi tsha u voutela (tshiṱitshi tsha u khethela)Xitsonga xitichi xo hlawulela (xitichi xo vhotela)
voting station form (polling station form)Afrikaans stemlokaalvormIsiZulu ifomu lesikhungo sokuvotelaIsiXhosa ifom yesikhululo sovotoSiswati lifomu lesikhungo sekuvotela (lifomu lesiteshi sekuvotela)IsiNdebele iforomo lesitetjhi sokuvowudelaSetswana foromo ya seteišene sa ditlhophoSepedi foromo ya setiši sa dikgetho (foromo ya seteišene sa dikgetho)Sesotho foromo ya setsi sa dikgetho
Tshivenḓa fomo ya tshiṱitshi tsha u voutela (fomo ya tshiṱitshi tsha u khethela)Xitsonga fomo ya xitichi xo hlawulela (fomo ya xitichi xo vhotela)
voting station identification form (polling station identification form)Afrikaans stemlokaalidentifikasie- vormIsiZulu ifomu etshengisa isikhungo sokuvotelaIsiXhosa ifom ebonisa izikhululo zovotoSiswati lifomu lekwatisa ngesiteshi sekuvotelaIsiNdebele iforomo elikhombisa isitetjhi sokuvowudelaSetswana foromoitshupo ya seteišene sa ditlhopho (fomoitshupo ya seteišene sa ditlhopho)Sepedi foromo ya tlhaolo ya setiši sa dikgetho (foromo ya tlhaolo ya seteišene sa dikgetho)Sesotho foromo ya boitsebiso ya setsi sa dikgethoTshivenḓa fomo ya vhuḓiṱalusi ya tshiṱitshi tsha u voutela (fomo ya vhuḓiṱalusi ya tshiṱitshi tsha u khethela)Xitsonga fomo ya vutitivisi ya xitichi xo hlawulela (fomo ya vutitivisi ya xitichi xo vhotela)
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voting station report (polling station report)Afrikaans stemlokaalverslagIsiZulu umbiko wesikhungo sokuvotelaIsiXhosa ingxelo yesikhululo sovotoSiswati umbiko wesiteshi sekuvotela (umbiko wesikhungo sekuvotela)IsiNdebele umbiko wesitetjhi sokuvowudelaSetswana pegelo ya seteišene sa ditlhophoSepedi pego ya setiši sa dikgetho (pego ya seteišene)Sesotho tlaleho ya setsi sa dikgethoTshivenḓa muvhigo wa tshiṱitshi tsha u voutela (muvhigo wa tshiṱitshi tsha u khethela)Xitsonga xiviko xa xitichi xo hlawulela (xiviko xa xitichi xo vhotela)
voting systemAfrikaans stemstelselIsiZulu uhlelo lokuvotaIsiXhosa inkqubo yovotoSiswati inchubo yekuvota (indlela yekuvota)IsiNdebele irherho lokuvowudaSetswana thulaganyo ya ditlhophoSepedi mokgwatshepetšo wa dikgethoSesotho tsamaiso ya dikgetho
Tshivenḓa sisteme ya kuvoutele (sisteme ya kukhethele)Xitsonga endlelo ro hlawula (endlelo ro vhota)
Wward {district of a city}Afrikaans wykIsiZulu isigceme (iwadi)IsiXhosa iwadiSiswati sigceme (liwadi)IsiNdebele iwadi (iwodi)Setswana kgoro (kutla wate)Sepedi wateSesotho wateTshivenḓa wadiXitsonga wadi
Setswana pampiritlhopho ya kgoro (baloto ya wate, pampiritlhopho ya kutla, pampiritlhopho ya wate)Sepedi pampiri ya go kgetha ya wateSesotho pampiri ya dikgetho ya wateTshivenḓa baḽotho ya wadiXitsonga phepha ro hlawulela ra wadi (phepha ro vhotela ra wadi, baloto ya wadi)
ward committeeAfrikaans wykskomiteeIsiZulu ikomiti lesigceme (ikomiti lewadi)IsiXhosa ikomiti yewadiSiswati likomidi lesigceme (likomidi lewadi)IsiNdebele ikomidi yewodi (ikomidi yewadi)Setswana komiti ya kgoro (komiti ya kutla, komiti ya wate)Sepedi komiti ya wateSesotho komiti ya wateTshivenḓa komiti ya wadiXitsonga komiti ya wadi
(likhansela lesigceme)IsiNdebele ikhansela yewadi (ikhansela lewodi)Setswana mokgotla wa kgoro (mokhansela wa wate, molekgotla wa kutla)Sepedi mokhantshelara wa wateSesotho khanselara ya wateTshivenḓa mukhantseḽara wa wadiXitsonga mukhanselara wa wadi
wasted voteAfrikaans verkwiste stem (vermorste stem)IsiZulu ivoti elonakeleIsiXhosa ivoti engabaliyoSiswati livoti lelonakeleIsiNdebele ivowudi elonakelekoSetswana tlhopho e e senyegileng (voutu e e senyegileng)Sepedi bouto yeo e sentšwegoSesotho kgetho e senyehilengTshivenḓa voutu yo tambiseaho (khetho yo tambiseaho)Xitsonga vhoti leyi nga hlayiwiki
Yyouth voteAfrikaans jeugstemIsiZulu ivoti lentshaIsiXhosa ivoti yolutshaSiswati livoti lelushaIsiNdebele ivowudi yelutjhaSetswana ditlhopho tsa bašwaSepedi dikgetho tša bafsa (dikgetho tša baswa)Sesotho kgetho ya batjhaTshivenḓa voutu ya vhaswa (khetho ya vhaswa)Xitsonga ku hlawula ka vantshwa (ku vhota ka vantshwa)
Zzip-zip machine (bar-code scanning unit, eZiskan)Afrikaans zip-zip-masjien (eZiskan, strepieskodeaftaster)IsiZulu umshini wokufunda amagabeloIsiXhosa umatshini wokuskena ibha-khowudiSiswati umshini wekufundza emagabeloIsiNdebele umtjhini wokuthebula umtlolofihloSetswana motšhini wa zip-zipSepedi motšhene wa go netefatša paakhouto (motšhene wa zip-zip)Sesotho motjhini wa zip-zipTshivenḓa mutshini wa zip-zip (mutshini wa u sikena baakhoudu)Xitsonga muchini wo sikena bakhodi (muchini wa zip-zip)
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LIST OF REFERENCESAfrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreëls. 2009. Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns. Pharos-woordeboeke.
Bosman Van der Merwe & Hiemstra, Bilingual Dictionary. 1984. Pharos-Woordeboeke.
Collins Dictionary of the English Language. Hanks, P. 1986. London: Collins English - Zulu Dictionary. Nyembezi, CLS. 1969. Pietermaritzburg: Shuter & Shooter.
English - Zulu Dictionary. Doke, CM et al. 1958. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press.
Fisher, et al. 1985:English – Xhosa, Dictionary. Cape Town. Oxford University Press.
HAT, Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal. 2009.
Improved Trilingual Dictionary: Venḓa - Afrikaans – English. Wentzel, PJ & Muoliwa, TW. 1982. Pretoria: University of South Africa.