D E M E T E R D E M E T E R Project co-funded by the European Commission EVG1-CT-2002-00078 DEM E TeR DEMonstration of Earth observation Technologies in.

D E M E T E R D E M E T E R Project co-funded by the European Commission

EVG1-CT-2002-00078

DEMDEMonstration of EEarth observation TeTechnologies in RRoutine irrigation advisory services

GIS and space-assisted irrigation GIS and space-assisted irrigation management: a pre operational pilot management: a pre operational pilot application in Portugal as part of the application in Portugal as part of the DEMETER ProjectDEMETER Project Antonio PERDIGÃO, A. JOCHUM, A. CALERA, P.OLIVEIRA, A. CHINITA, S. CHINITA, J. MAIA, J.M. RATO, L. BOTETA,L. PESSANHA

DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologiesin Routine irrigation advisory services

D E M E T E RD E M E T E R

Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (Spain), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (Spain), Universitat de València (Spain), Universitat de València (Spain), Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (Spain), Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (Spain), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (Spain); Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación (Spain); Universitá degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" (Italy), Universitá degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" (Italy), Consorzio di Bonifica in Destra Sele (Italy), Consorzio di Bonifica in Destra Sele (Italy), Istituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria (Italy), Istituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria (Italy), MESTOR SNC (Italy), MESTOR SNC (Italy), Instituto de Meteorologia (Portugal), Instituto de Meteorologia (Portugal), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural e Hidráulica (Ministerio Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural e Hidráulica (Ministerio da Agricultura, do Desenvolvimento Rural e das Pescas, da Agricultura, do Desenvolvimento Rural e das Pescas, Portugal), Portugal), Associação de Beneficiarios do Caia (Portugal),Associação de Beneficiarios do Caia (Portugal),Universidade Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Portugal), Universidade Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Portugal), Chiron Sistemas de Informação LDA (Portugal), Chiron Sistemas de Informação LDA (Portugal), Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg, France), Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg, France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), University of Thessaly (Greece).University of Thessaly (Greece).

D E M E T E RD E M E T E R

Objectives

To assess, develop, and demonstrate how

to improve the performance and cost-effectiveness to improve the performance and cost-effectiveness of IAS by incorporating EO techniques of IAS by incorporating EO techniques in daily operationsin daily operations;

to make information easily available to IAS and farmers to make information easily available to IAS and farmers (end-users) by integrating IT in the information generation (end-users) by integrating IT in the information generation and distribution.and distribution.

Increase crop water productivityIncrease crop water productivity

MAPyA.....Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación

INEA…….……....Instituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria

IDRHa…..Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural e Hidráulica

DEMETER is user-drivenDEMETER is user-drivenC

ore

Co

reU

sers

Use

rsITAP...............Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial

DxSele…….................Consorzio di Bonifica Destra Sele

ABCaia..................Associação de Beneficiários do Caia


DEMETER is policy-orientedDEMETER is policy-oriented

Nat

ion

al

Nat

ion

al

Co

re U

sers

Co

re U

sers


Caia (Portugal)

Mixed crops, horticulture, olive trees

Barrax (Spain)

Cereals

Destra Sele (Italy)

Mixed crops, fruit trees

Pilot zones

Guadiana Water Basin

Caia Water District Board

Albacete- España

Il Consorzio di Bonifica Destra Sele copre un estensione di 24.000 ha (circa 15.000 ha sono irrigati),

con 5 distretti principali.

Consorzio di Bonifica Destra del Fiume Sele-

Italia

Velestino- Thessaly

Greece

Veiga de Chaves- Portugal

moremore

cropcropss

mormoree

jobsjobsperper

dropdropWaterWater

productiviproductivityty

Sustainable Sustainable AgricultureAgriculture

RuralRural

developmentdevelopment



Operational perspective

Three key elements:

EO-products directly match

existing IAS operations;

Operational image availability

at required space-time resolution;

Personalized easy-to-use information

distribution to end-users (farmers).


Space and IT assisted Irrigation Advisory Service (e-SAIAS)

Irrigation Advisory Service (Current situation)

DEMETER

Information Technology ModuleWeather and climate information:

rainfall (previous dates predictions), other data

Information Technology

Earth Observation Module

Kc

Advanced productsRemote Sensing

Field work

Agrometeorological stations

Kc

ETo

Crop Water Requirement (FAO

procedure)

End user

(farmer)

PRODUCT LEVEL

PARAMETER

BasicBasicCrop coefficient, KcKc (derived from NDVI)

AdvancedAdvanced

KcKc (analytical approach) Ground fractional coverGround fractional cover Leaf area index (LAILAI) Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically available radiation (fAPARfAPAR) Accumulated (dry) biomassAccumulated (dry) biomass Irrigation performance indicatorsIrrigation performance indicators

PotentialWater stress indicator (water index) Canopy water content Evaporative fraction


Specification of DEMETER products


Real-time operations: recent example

2 June 2005

10:54 GMT Landsat 5 overpass

13:15 GMT image on Eurimage FTP server

15:15 GMT image in IDR PC

17:30 GMT basic products generated (Kc, ETc maps)

3 June 2005 distribution to users (IAS & farmers)



Three key elements:







20 - 30 m sufficient to resolve plots of 10000 m2

4 - 6 days weekly irrigation scheduling cycles


Space-time resolution

Spatial ResolutionSpatial Resolution

Temporal ResolutionTemporal Resolution

EO virtual satellite constellationSatellite Repeat cycle

(days)Image size Bands

(number)Spatial

resolution

ASTER 16 60 Km x 60 Km

VIS (2)

NIR (1)

15 m

SWIR (6) 30 m

TIR (5) 90 m

IRS-C 24 142 Km x 142 Km

VIS (2)

NIR (1)

23 m

SWIR (1) 70 m

IRS-D 25 148 Km x 148 Km

same as IRS-C

Landsat 5 16 185 Km x 185 Km

VIS (3)

NIR (1)

SWIR (2)

30 m

TIR (1) 60 m

Landsat 7 16 same as Landsat 5

Spot 1,2,3 26

Varies with latitude

60 Km x 60 Km

VIS (2)

NIR (1)

20 m

Spot 4 26

Varies with latitude

60 Km x 60 Km

VIS (2)

NIR (1)

SWIR (1)

20 m

full set of high-resolution satellites+ inter-satellite cross-calibration procedure (Martínez and Calera, 2001)

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1-M

ar

15-M

ar

29-M

ar

12-A

pr

26-A

pr

10-M

ay

24-M

ay

7-J

un

21-J

un

5-J

ul

19-J

ul

2-A

ug

16-A

ug

30-A

ug

13-S

ep

27-S

ep

11-O

ct

25-O

ct

dates

Kc

maize

wheat

IRS

LANDSAT 7

Kc evolution of wheat and maizeKc evolution of wheat and maize

initial development reprod. maturation

initial matura.reprod.development

WHEATWHEAT

MAIZEMAIZE

Kc evolution for wheat & corn

Processed Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 5 TM Images

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

LA

I

DOY

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

gre

en f

c

DOY

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Bio

mas

s (K

g/m

2)

DOY

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Hei

gh

t (m

)

DOY

LAILAI

BiomassBiomassHeightHeight

gfcgfc

Field Campaign on maize. Experimental resultsField Campaign on maize. Experimental results

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

gre

en f

c

DOY

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

CG

R Id

.

DOY

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Kcb

DOY

(g m

-2 d

ay-1)

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

ND

VI

Día Juliano Día Juliano

NDVINDVI

gfcgfc CGRCGR

KcbKcb

Field Campaign on maize. Experimental resultsField Campaign on maize. Experimental results

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

150 200 250 300

NDVINDVI

Kcb

DOY

Kcb

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

150 200 250 300

NDVINDVI

Kcb

DOY

Kcb

Step 1: Kcb from NDVI

Temporal evolution of Kcb and NDVI of maize during phenological cycle.

NDVI from experimental campaign during growing season year 2001.



Three key elements:







3 Modules

IT component

> in pilot zone GIS and > IAS input stream

> complementary data sources> display & visualization

> general, public > personalized

Information-Decision-Interface

Information distribution s

EO data integration s

Images of the selected intervale of time

selected vectors

Map: Image and Vector

Histogram of the selected plot, date and variable

Time series graphic

Alphanumeric table

Map information tool

Query toolGraphic tool

Quality control tool

Statistics tool

Operational procedureOperational procedure

ExampleExample

Year:Year: 20022002

Pilot Zone:Pilot Zone: Barrax, SpainBarrax, Spain

Landsat 7 Landsat 7 RGB 543RGB 543 color composite date: color composite date: 26/5/0226/5/02

barleybarley barleybarley

maizemaize maizemaize

Superpose rural cadaster over the image

1 Km

60 m buffer to minimize the border effect

60 m

Cross NDVI information with Land Use Maps

0.0000

10.0000

20.0000

30.0000

40.0000

50.0000

60.0000

70.0000

80.0000

dates

ND

VIs

Pivot A

Pivot B

Pivot D

Pivot C

NDVIs HistogramNDVIs Histogram

Date: 26/5/02

NDVI map RGB image

0,0000

10,0000

20,0000

30,0000

40,0000

50,0000

60,0000

70,0000

80,0000

dates

ND

VIs

Pivot A

Pivot B

Pivot D

Pivot C

NDVIs HistogramNDVIs Histogram

Date: 5/8/02N

DV

Is

NDVI map RGB image

26/5/02 2/6/02

11/6/02 18/6/02

4/7/02 5/8/02

SummarizingSummarizing

0,0000

10,0000

20,0000

30,0000

40,0000

50,0000

60,0000

70,0000

80,0000

dates

ND

VIs

Pivot A

Pivot B

Pivot D

Pivot C

LANDSAT 7 RGB 543 LANDSAT 7 RGB 543 26/5/0226/5/02

Operational methodologyOperational methodology

to obtain to obtain

Crop Water RequirementsCrop Water Requirements

Irrigation Zones Irrigation Zones (Water Management Units)(Water Management Units)

Kc mapKc map

ETc mapETc map

NDVI mapNDVI map

WMUs over NDVI layerWMUs over NDVI layer

NDVI mapNDVI map

Kc map Kc map

ETc map ETc map

NDVI map NDVI map

Kc map Kc map

ETc map ETc map

NDVI map NDVI map

Kc map Kc map

ETc map ETc map

ETo map ETo map

NDVI map NDVI map

Kc map Kc map

ETo map ETo map

Mapa ETcMapa ETcETc map ETc map

NDVI map NDVI map

Kc map Kc map

Crop Water Requirements map

(Users)

ETc map ETc map

ETo map ETo map

Plot: 5003 C.W.Requirement: 7 mm

LandLand LandLand

PlotsPlots PlotsPlots

Land Use Land Use Status at Status at Plot LevelPlot Level

Land Use Land Use Status at Status at Plot LevelPlot Level

CropsCropsCropsCrops

Crop Crop Water RequirementWater Requirement

Crop Crop Water RequirementWater Requirement

District District Water FlowWater Flow

District District Water FlowWater Flow

Yearly WaterYearly Water BalanceBalance

Yearly WaterYearly Water BalanceBalance

Irrigation Irrigation ManagementManagement

Irrigation Irrigation ManagementManagement

SIGAHC Data NetworkSIGAHC Data NetworkSIGAHC Data NetworkSIGAHC Data Network

Land Use Map- Caia Irrigation Board

Geographic Information SystemGeographic Information System

The aims of the development of the GIS system was to provide tools for optimization and management of the water facilities, promoting eco-compatible principles of Sustentability.

At the same time, the District Water Board performed some developmenst in new managemet tools for monitoring, evaluting and manage the crops, soil, irrigation techonology and water delevery efciciency.

Land Use map

Hight density of outlets over the area of small propriety. GIS network analysis tools allows better managemet of water delivery over this area types.

Water losses on the channels can be estimated using different Water level control and outlets flux.

Channels and outlets Geographic Information SystemGeographic Information System

Water Flow ControlWater Flow Control

Irrigation Network

Interactive map for selection and operation over the diferente elements of the irrigation network. Relative position of sensors and automatic elements. .

2004 Field Campaign

2003 Field Campaign

2003

2004

Caia Irrigation District Landsat Image True ColorCaia Irrigation District Landsat Image True Color05 May 200505 May 2005 22 May 2005

Image processing: Instituto de Meteorologia

Green Fraction Cover Calculation


Conclusions

• EO adds spatial dimension;

• IT adds interaction with / participation of all users;

• EO mature & directly matches FAO procedure;

• EO virtual constellation solves time-space constraint;

• pre-operational campaign showsshows feasibility of feasibility of real-time operationsreal-time operations;;

• BUT: operational image availability insufficient.

D E M E T E R D E M E T E R Project co-funded by the European Commission EVG1-CT-2002-00078 DEM E TeR DEMonstration of Earth observation Technologies in.

Documents

e t e r d e

e t e r universidad

e t e r objectives

e t e r project cofunded

chaves portugal slide

montes e alto douro

pessanha slide

fiume sele italia slide