Cynefin & Software Testing Making sense of your situation
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Cynefin & Software Testing
Making sense of your situation
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Orde
red
Unor
dere
d
Obvious
Sense – Categorise – RespondBest Practice
Tightly constrainedE.g. bicycle chain
Cause & effect relationship is obvious, repeatable & predictable
Complicated
Sense – Analyse– RespondGood Practice
Cause & effect relationship separated over space & time
Lightly constrainedE.g. 747
Complex
Probe – sense – RespondEmergent Practice
Cause & effect relationship only coherent in retrospect
Enabling constraintse.g. Frog
Chaotic
Act – sense – RespondNovel Practice
No cause & effect relationships perceivable
Lacking constrainte.g. House on fire
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Man
agem
ent
Lead
ersh
ip
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Cont
rol
Crea
tivity
Image courtesy of Johanna Rothman
Expl
oit
Expl
ore
Dynamics
Image courtesy of Cognitive Edge
Complexity vs SystemsUnordered systems Ordered systems
Accurately define the present & use safe-to-fail
experiments
Define ideal future state & close the gap
whole cannot be broken down & built back up again
whole can be broken down & built back up again
Testing
Cause & effect relationship is obvious
Categorise
Automated
Cause & effect relationship separated over space & time
Analyse
Scripted
No cause & effect relationships perceivable
Act
WTF?!
Cause & effect relationship only coherent in retrospect
Probe
Exploratory
Bugs
Cause & effect relationship is obvious
Categorise
Clicking the button has no effect
Cause & effect relationship separated over space & time
Analyse
Clicking the button opens the wrong page
No cause & effect relationships perceivable
Act
Clicking the button empties the customers account
Cause & effect relationship only coherent in retrospect
Probe
Clicking the button crashes the site after 30 minutes
Development Activities
1. Just about everyone in the world has done this
2. Lots of people have done this, including someone on our team
3. Someone in our company has done this, or we have access to expertise
4. Someone in the world did this, but not in our organisation (and probably at a competitor)
5. Nobody in the world has ever done this before
Estimating Complexity
Courtesy of Liz Keogh
Estimating Complexity
5 43
2
1
Trying things out
Breaking things down
Image Courtesy of Liz Keogh
Resources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynefin• http://
www.duncannisbet.co.uk/cynefin-in-software-testing• http://www.duncannisbet.co.uk/cynefin-software-bugs• http://lizkeogh.com/2013/07/21/estimating-complexity/• http://cognitive-edge.com/blog/perspectives-on-cynefin/• http://cognitive-edge.com/blog/some-thinking-about-dec
isions/• http://
paul4innovating.com/2014/06/19/the-use-of-the-cynefin-model-for-innovation/
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