Using TOPSPAN profiles and LYSAGHT roofing and walling claddings in cyclonic areas Cyclonic Area Design Manual • This manual has been prepared to assist architects, engineers and builders in the correct specification and installation of LYSAGHT TOPSPAN ® profiles and roofing & walling claddings in cyclonic areas. • It is a supplement to the LYSAGHT ® Roofing & Walling Manual and individual product brochures, and should be used in conjunction with those publications.
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Cyclonic Area Design Manual 1
Using TOPSPAN profiles and LYSAGHT roofing and walling claddings in cyclonic areas
Cyclonic Area Design Manual
• This manual has been prepared to assist architects, engineers and builders in the correct specification and installation of LYSAGHT TOPSPAN® profiles and roofing & walling claddings in cyclonic areas.
• It is a supplement to the LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling Manual and individual product brochures, and should be used in conjunction with those publications.
2 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
1. Using this manualAll information in this manual should be read in conjunction with the relevant Australian Standards and Amendments: AS1170.2:2002 Wind Loads on Housing: Structural Design Actions, Part 2: Wind Actions and AS4055:2006.
The Wind Pressure Capacity tables are determined by full scale tests conducted at BlueScope Lysaght’s NATA-accredited testing laboratory, using the direct pressure-testing rig. This offers the full benefits of the latest methods for modelling wind pressures. Testing was conducted in accordance with the low-high-low requirements of the Building Code of Australia. Appropriate reduction factors have been applied to capacities as tested to generate the design capacities presented in this Manual.
Fasteners, cyclonic washers and fastening pattern all form an integrated roofing/walling system prescribed in this manual.
This manual contains the following technical information:
• Ultimate limit state design capacity tables are provided to allow engineers designing larger non-residential structures to perform the necessary calculations based on their specific designs in accordance with AS1170.2: 2002.
• Residential tables are supplied to provide quick and easy look up of the suitability of products in residential roofing and walling, according to AS4055:2006.
• Data is supplied in Ultimate Limit State design capacity tables for a range of LYSAGHT TOPSPAN steel sections.
• Specific technical information such as Material Specifications, Section Properties and recommended fasteners and connection details are provided.
• General technical information such as Wind Classifications and Topographic Classifications are provided in appendices.
Contents1. Using this manual 22. L-H-L testing procedures used for this design manual 33. Residential & non residential design capacity tables 4-10 4. Residential selection tables - roofing 11-135. Residential selection tables - walling 146. Cladding span selection tables 15-177. TOPSPAN® profiles 188. TOPSPAN Capacity tables 18-219. TOPSPAN section properties 2210. Material specifications 2311. Recommended fastener locations and lap details 2412. Fastener selection 25 13. Fastening to supports 2614. Impact loading by wind-borne debris 27 AppendicesAppendix 1) Wind classification 28 Appendix 2) Topographic classification 29 Appendix 3) Tropical cyclones and wind forces on buildings 30Appendix 4) Local pressure areas 31
BlueScope Steel has been a long time supporter of the Cyclone Testing Station at James Cook University. Through our involvement with this important research facility, we have contributed to safer building practices in cyclone prone areas.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 3
The information in this document includes cyclonic capacities for a range of LYSAGHT claddings and TOPSPAN® profiles.
These capacities are derived from extensive full scale cyclonic tests conducted at BlueScope Lysaght’s NATA-accredited materials science testing laboratory.
Low-High-Low Pressure Sequence in Cyclonic Areas
The Building Code of Australia (BCA) currently requires all roof claddings, fixing connections and immediate supporting members to withstand a low-high-low (LHL) cyclonic testing regime. TOPSPAN profiles are immediate supporting members according to the BCA definition, and as such, must be tested using the LHL cyclonic testing methodology to determine the outward capacity.
BlueScope Lysaght Research & Technology has performed comprehensive full scale tests of the entire range of claddings and TOPSPAN profiles. These tests were conducted on our direct air pressure rig in our testing laboratory.
2.L-H-L testing procedures used for this design manual
4500 cycles - 0.45Pt5000 cycles 10000 cycles
600 cycles - 0.6Pt80 cycles - 0.8Pt1 cycle - Pt
L-H-L Loading regime from BCA
Low Low
HighPt
Figure 2.2 Direct Air Pressure test rig showing cladding failure
Types of failures
Our extensive testing has revealed that battens can be subject to fatigue failure. When design is based on values within the published capacity tables, failure due to fatigue will not occur, as our tests are performed according to the L-H-L regime.
Non-LYSAGHT products cannot be substituted using these test values. Because our products have been subjected to full scale L-H-L testing, you can rely on the performance data we supply for genuine LYSAGHT products. Substituting non-LYSAGHT products using these test values could cause failure due to fatigue.
The sequence L-H-L loading regime is shown in the graph above where Pt is the ultimate limit state wind pressure. Figure 2.3 ToPSPAn steel section (batten) fatigue
crack
Figure 2.1Low-high-low testing
4 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
kLiP-Lok 700 Hi-STrengTH®
kLiP-Lok 700HS clip
Table 3.1: kLiP-Lok 700HS 0.42 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
ESIS
ES Single span
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
i) More detailed information is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The design tables in the manual are valid for KLIP-LOK 700HS overhang lengths not exceeding 100mm. Longer overhangs are possible subject to additional testing.
iii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
iv) KLIP-LOK 700HS overhangs shall be fixed as shown on Figure 6.1 (page 14) when pressure exceeds 4.0kPa for 0.42 BMT and 6.6kPa for 0.48 BMT
Table 3.2: kLiP-Lok 700HS 0.48 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 5
Table 3.3: CUSToM orB 0.42 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
Table 3.4: CUSToM orB 0.48 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
0.42 BMT CUSTOM ORB - Limit State pressure (kPa)
Span Roofing or Walling Walling only
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with
Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washersSingle End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washers
Single End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal600 10.80 8.10 10.13 10.80 8.16 10.80 10.80 8.10 10.13900 6.98 5.56 7.14 6.98 6.54 8.65 6.98 5.56 7.38
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
IS
O
O
Walling profiles only
Roofing & Walling profiles
Step
noTeS
i) More detailed information (including overhangs) is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
6 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Table 3.5: CUSToM BLUe orB 0.60 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
CUSToM BLUe orB®
762 mm cover
17 mm
UnderlapOverlap
0.60 BMT CUSTOM BLUE ORB - Limit State pressure (kPa)
Span Roofing or Walling Walling only
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washers
Single End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal600 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80900 6.30 8.04 8.62 7.45 8.52 9.82 6.30 8.04 8.62
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
IS
O
O
Walling profiles only
Roofing & Walling profiles
Step
noTeS
i) More detailed information (including overhangs) is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 7
TriMDek®Overlap Underlap
762 mm cover
29 mm
Table 3.6: TriMDek 0.42 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
Table 3.7: TriMDek 0.48 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
0.42 BMT TRIMDEK - Limit State pressure (kPa)
Span Roofing or Walling Walling only
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with
Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washersSingle End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washers
Single End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal600 6.91 6.21 6.48 10.80 10.80 10.80 10.80 6.21 10.80900 5.22 4.74 5.28 7.88 7.65 8.61 6.84 4.74 7.68
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
IS
O
O
Walling profiles only
Roofing & Walling profiles
Step
noTeS
i) More detailed information (including overhangs) is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
8 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Table 3.8: SPAnDek 0.42 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)0.42 BMT SPANDEK - Limit State pressure (kPa)
Span Roofing or Walling Walling only
(mm) Crest fastened without Crest fastened with
Valley fastened cyclonic washers cyclonic washersSingle End Internal Single End Internal Single End Internal
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
IS
O
O
Walling profiles only
Roofing & Walling profiles
Step
noTeS
i) More detailed information (including overhangs) is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 9
kLiP-Lok 406® HigH winD
(northern Territory and w.A. only)
406 mm cover
41 mm
KLIP-LOK 406 High Wind
Span
600
900
1200
1500
1800
Crest fastened with cyclonic washers
End Internal
Roofing or Walling Roofing or Walling
1900
Span
600
900
1200
1500
1800
Crest fastened with cyclonic washers
End Internal
1900
2100
12.00
9.27
6.98
4.93
3.88
12.00
10.60
7.91
6.27
5.07
3.58 4.78
2400
12.00
9.70
7.31
5.37
4.18
12.00
11.94
8.96
7.31
5.52
3.88 5.07
3.43 4.48
2.99 3.73
mmmm
Table 3.10: kLiP-Lok 406 High wind0.55 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
Table 3.11: kLiP-Lok 406 High wind0.70 BMT - Ultimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
ESIS
ES Single span
Spacing definitionsES = End spanIS = Internal spanO = Overhang
IS
O
O
Walling profiles only
Roofing & Walling profiles
Step
noTeS
i) Refer to the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which is available on our website: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The design tables in the manual are valid for KLIP-LOK 406 High Wind overhang lengths not exceeding 100mm. Longer overhangs are possible subject to additional testing.
iii) For KLIP-LOK 406 High Wind detailed information, refer to Northern Territory “Deemed to comply” documentation. This data is also available on our website: www.lysaght.com
iv) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
10 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
FLATDeK differs from other roofing products because it is fixed to supports through the pans. It is coloured both sides and is recommended for applications such as carports and patios and is not recommended for residential roofs.
Table 3.11: FLATDek ii 0.42 BMTUltimate Limit State wind pressure (kPa)
noTeS
i) More detailed information (including overhangs) is available in the individual product brochures, and/or the current LYSAGHT Roofing & Walling Manual which are available at: www.lysaght.com. We also refer you to the relevant Australian Standards.
ii) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of two thicknesses of 0.55mm (total 1.10mm) G450 steel or a single thickness of 1.50mm G450.
iii) The design tables in the manual are valid for FLATDeK II overhang lengths not exceeding 100mm.
Roofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X X600 OK OK X X750 OK OK X X900 OK X X X
1200 X X X X
Table 4.2 CUSTOM ORB 0.42mm BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X600 OK OK X750 OK OK
OKOKOK X
900 OK OKOK
X X1200 X X X
Table 4.3 CUSTOM ORB 0.48mm BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X600 OK OK X750 OK OK
OKOKOK X
900 OK OKOK
X X1200 X X X
Table 4.4 CUSTOM ORB 0.48mm BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK600 OK OK750 OK OK X900 OK OK
OK
OKOK
OKOK
OKOK X
1200 OK X X
Table 4.5 CUSTOM BLUE ORB 0.60mm BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK
OKX
900 OK OK X1200 OK OK X X
Table 4.6 CUSTOM BLUE ORB 0.60mm BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK
OKOK X
1200 OK OK X
762 mm cover
16 mm / 17 mm
UnderlapOverlap
custom orb custom blue orb
Note:1. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category
is limited by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS 1170.2 for houses to check if maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.
2. Wind pressures corresponding to C wind categories are taken for areas within 1200mm of roof edges with load pressure coefficient Kl=2.0. Other areas with lower pressures can be conservatively designed using these tables. Use tables in Sections 3 and 6 of this manual for more economical designs.
3. end span length should be 0.8 times the values given in these continuous span tables, in the case where a maximum possible roof span is chosen.
4) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm BMT G450 steel.
Residential tables are supplied to provide quick and easy look up of the suitability of products in residential roofing and walling, according to AS4055:2006. To use these tables, turn to the product you are thinking of using, look up the span width you want to use and the Wind Classification according to AS4055:2006. An ‘OK’ means this product can be used, a cross (7) means it is not suitable.
12 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Table 4.7 TRIMDEK 0.42 BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK X X600 OK
OKOK X X
750 OK X X X900 OK X X X
1200 X X X X
Table 4.8 TRIMDEK 0.42 BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK
OKX X
1200 OK X X
Table 4.9 TRIMDEK 0.48 BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X X600 OK OK
OKX X
750 OK X X900 OK
OKX X X
1200 X X X
Table 4.10 TRIMDEK 0.48 BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK OK
OKX
1200 OK X X
TriMDek
Note:1. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category
is limited by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS 1170.2 for houses to check if maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.
2. Wind pressures corresponding to C wind categories are taken for areas within 1200mm of roof edges with load pressure coefficient Kl=2.0. Other areas with lower pressures can be conservatively designed using these tables. Use tables in Sections 3 and 6 of this manual for more economical designs.
3. end span length should be 0.8 times the values given in these continuous span tables, in the case where a maximum possible roof span is chosen.
4) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm BMT G450 steel.
Residential tables are supplied to provide quick and easy look up of the suitability of products in residential roofing and walling, according to AS4055:2006. To use these tables, turn to the product you are thinking of using, look up the span width you want to use and the Wind Classification according to AS4055:2006. An ‘OK’ means this product can be used, a cross (7) means it is not suitable.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 13
Table 4.11 SPANDEK 0.42 BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK X X X600 OK
OKOK
X X X750 X X X900 X X X
1200 X X X X
Table 4.12 SPANDEK 0.42 BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK
OKX X
1200 OK X X
Table 4.13 SPANDEK 0.48 BMTRoofs Crest fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X X600 OK OK X X750 OK X X900 OK
OK
OKX X X
1200 X X X
Table 4.14 SPANDEK 0.48 BMTRoofs Crest fixed With cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK OK600 OK OK OK OK750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK OK
OKX
1200 OK X X
700 mm cover
24 mm
SPAnDek
residential selection tables - rooFing
Note:1. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category is limited
by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS 1170.2 for houses to check if maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.
2. Wind pressures corresponding to C wind categories are taken for areas within 1200mm of roof edges with load pressure coefficient Kl=2.0. Other areas with lower pressures can be conservatively designed using these tables. Use tables in Sections 3 and 6 of this manual for more economical designs.
3. end span length should be 0.8 times the values given in these continuous span tables, in the case where a maximum possible roof span is chosen.
4) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm BMT G450 steel.
Residential tables are supplied to provide quick and easy look up of the suitability of products in residential roofing and walling, according to AS4055:2006. To use these tables, turn to the product you are thinking of using, look up the span width you want to use and the Wind Classification according to AS4055:2006. An ‘OK’ means this product can be used, a cross (7) means it is not suitable.
14 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
5. residential selection tables - wALLing
762 mm cover
16 mm / 17 mm
UnderlapOverlap
Table 5.1 CUSTOM ORB 0.42 BMTWalls Valley fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK X600 OK OK OK X750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK
OKX X
1200 OK X X
Table 5.2 CUSTOM ORB 0.48 BMTWalls Valley fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK OK600 OK OK OK
OKOK
750 OK OK OK X900 OK OK OK
OKX
1200 OK X X
custom orb custom blue orb
Overlap Underlap
762 mm cover
29 mm
trimdek
Table 5.3 TRIMDEK 0.42 BMTWalls Valley fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK X600 OK OK
OKOK X
750 OK OK X X900 OK OK
OKX X
1200 X X X
Table 5.4 TRIMDEK 0.48 BMTWalls Valley fixed No cyclonic washersSpan C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)450 OK OK600 OK OK750 OK OK900 OK OK
OKOKOK
OKOKOK
OKOK
X1200 OK X X
Note:1. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category is limited
by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS 1170.2 for houses to check if maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.
2. Wind pressures corresponding to C wind categories are taken for areas within 1200mm of roof edges with load pressure coefficient Kl=2.0. Other areas with lower pressures can be conservatively designed using these tables. Use tables in Sections 3 and 6 of this manual for more economical designs.
3. end span length should be 0.8 times the values given in these continuous span tables, in the case where a maximum possible roof span is chosen.
4) The pressures supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm BMT G450 steel.
Residential tables are supplied to provide quick and easy look up of the suitability of products in residential roofing and walling, according to AS4055:2006. To use these tables, turn to the product you are thinking of using, look up the span width you want to use and the Wind Classification according to AS4055:2006. An ‘OK’ means this product can be used, a cross (7) means it is not suitable.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 15
trimdek
notes:1. Fastening shall comply with Sections 12 & 13 of this Manual.2. Fixing to steel supports with thickness between 0.75 and 1.5mm may also result in reduced maximum spans due to reduced screw pull-out
capacity. 3. Ultimate Limit State Wind pressure corresponding to AS 4055:2006 wind classification in this table refers to roof areas within 1200mm.
(Kl = 2.0) according to AS 4055:2006 Table 3.3. except for C4 wind category where pressures are given for areas away from edges and within 1200mm of edges. Different pressures will apply on other roof and wall areas.
4. When pressure is calculated in accordance to AS/NZS 1170.2:2002 following parameters shall be used: Cpi = +0.7 and -0.65 Kc = 1.0 Kl = 1.5 and 2.0. Kl = 3.0 may be necessary for walls of tall (>25m) buildings.5. Outdated W classification is given as approximate reference only.6. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category is limited by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS/NZS1170.2 for houses to check if
maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.7. No washers are required for KLIP-LOK-700 Hi-Strength since it is used as a concealed fixed cladding.8. The spans supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
6. Cladding span selection tablesTable 6.1Maximum cladding span tables (mm) for various LYSAGHT claddings and cyclonic winds WITHOUT cyclonic washers
BMT Span C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)Cladding
0.42 End 1500 1300 1070 810Internal 1800 1510 1210 870
0.48 End 1720 1420 1140 840Internal 2160 1780 1400 960
0.42 End 1690 1390 1120 830Internal 2100 1640 1270 890
8308900.48 End 1930 1400 1130
Internal 2270 1860 1450
0.42 End Internal
0.48 End InternalkLiP-Lok 700HS requires stiffened overhangs
When fixing KLIP-LOK 700 Hi-Strength in cyclonic conditions for wind pressures exceeding 4.0kPa for 0.42BMT and 6.6kPa for 0.48BMT, it is essential to fix the sheets at the ends, as shown in the alternatives illustrated in the figure at right.
Gutter can be fixed through the return lip to the underside of the roof sheeting at mid-span between the ribs, and this will provide the required stiffening.
Alternatively, fix a 50 x 50 x 1.2mm steel angle approximately 50mm from the end of the KLIP-LOK sheet and at mid-span between ribs. The gutter may then be fixed to the angle, if required.
If an overhang stiffening is not an option, maximum pressures shall not exceed 4.0kPa for 0.42 BMT and 6.6kPa for 0.48 BMT.
Steel angle 50 x 50 x 1.2 mmfixed to underside of roofing(200 mm centres).Gutter may be fixed to angle.
Gutter fixed to underside of roofing(at mid-span between ribs)
Overhang
Overhang
Figure 6.1
16 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
notes:1. Fastening shall comply with Sections 12 & 13 of this Manual.2. Fixing to steel supports with thickness between 0.75 and 1.5mm may also result in reduced maximum spans due to reduced screw pull-out
capacity. 3. Ultimate Limit State Wind pressure corresponding to AS 4055:2006 wind classification in this table refers to roof areas within 1200mm.
(Kl = 2.0) according to AS 4055:2006 Table 3.3. except for C4 wind category where pressures are given for areas away from edges and within 1200mm of edges. Different pressures will apply on other roof and wall areas.
4. When pressure is calculated in accordance to AS/NZS 1170.2:2002 following parameters shall be used: Cpi = +0.7 and -0.65 Kc = 1.0 Kl = 1.5 and 2.0. Kl = 3.0 may be necessary for walls of tall (>25m) buildings.5. Outdated W classification is given as approximate reference only.6. Maximum pressure of 10.8 kPa for C4 category is limited by testing equipment. It is necessary to use AS/NZS1170.2 for houses to check if
maximum wind pressure does not exceed 10.8 kPa.7. No washers are required for KLIP-LOK-700 High Strength since it is used as a concealed fixed cladding.8. The spans supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.
Table 6.1Maximum cladding span tables (mm) for various LYSAGHT claddings and cyclonic winds WITHOUT cyclonic washers
BMT Span C1 (W41C) C2 (W50C) C3 (W60C) C4 (W70C)Cladding
0.42 End 1500 1300 1070 810Internal 1800 1510 1210 870
0.48 End 1720 1420 1140 840Internal 2160 1780 1400 960
0.42 End 1690 1390 1120 830Internal 2100 1640 1270 890
8308900.48 End 1930 1400 1130
Internal 2270 1860 1450
0.42 End Internal
0.48 End Internal
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 17
Table 6.3 KLIP-LOK 406 HIGH WIND Maximum Span Tables WITH cyclonic washers
ULTIMATE LIMIT
BUILDING HEIGHT
TERRAINCATEGORY Kl
pz(kPa)
END END INTERNAL
UP TO 5M
UP TO 10M
1 & 21
1.521
1.5
4.165.336.503.53
4.522 5.521 2.95
3.784.61
2.5
3 & 4 1.52
1 & 21
1.521
1.521
2.5
3 & 4 1.52
4.615.917.20
4.125.28
3.65
4.685.71
6.43
INTERNAL
CREST FASTENED WITH CYCLONIC WASHERS
END END INTERNALINTERNAL
Mt = 1.0 Mt = 1.3
0.70 BMT0.55 BMT 0.70 BMT0.55 BMT
1710144012601900
161014101900
18301590159013501170
17301440
1870
15701380
1270
1900173014501900
190016801900
19001900190015901320
19001740
1900
19001640
1470
1800151013202050
171014702400
19401690169014101210
18101520
2000
16701440
1330
2220184016302400
208018002400
23802050205017301510
22401850
2400
20301760
1640
1190
71013401110
89014901280
10901090820N/A
1200940
1310
1070850
720
136010708101570
124010401820
147012201220960N/A
13701080
1520
12001000
840
1240980730
1400
1150940
1590
134011401140860N/A
1250990
1370
1120900
740
15401190
17201440
116019201650
141014101090N/A
15501200
1690
13901130
1000
930990
pz(kPa)
7.039.01
10.995.97
7.649.334.99
6.397.797.799.99
12.17
6.968.92
6.17
7.919.65
10.87
1. Fastening shall comply with Sections 12 & 13 of this Manual.2. �Fixing to steel supports with thickness between 0.75 and 1.5mm may also result in reduced maximum spans due to reduced screw pull-out capacity. 3. The spans supplied are applicable when the cladding is fixed to a minimum of 1.5mm G450 steel.4. Design Criteria :The following criteria from AS/NZS 1170.2:2002 have been used to generate the tables: a) Importance Level 2 with return period of 500 years b) VR = 66 m/sec., Fc = 1.05 c) Ms = Md = 1.0 d) Mt = 1.0 & 1.3 5. e) Cpe = -0.9; Cpi = +0.7 f) Height multipliers from table 6.4
Capacities for softwood Capacities for hardwood Capacities for softwood and hardwood
Table 8.1 TOPSPAN 40 - Continuous Span - Outward Ultimate Limit State Capacity (kN/m) Member Strength 2 Screw Connection Capacity (kN/m) 4 Screw Connection Capacity (kN/m) (kN/m) Support Thickness Support Thickness 2, #15 -15 2, #14-10 4, #15-15 4, #14-10 Span (mm) TS4075 1.0mm 1.2mm 1.5mm 1.9 mm 1.0mm 1.2mm 1.5mm 1.9 mm600 7.98 5.51 7.19 8.99 11.93 7.75 10.41 13.09 15.69900 4.72 3.68 4.79 5.99 7.95 5.16 6.94 8.73 10.461200 2.41 2.76 3.59 4.49 5.96 3.87 5.21 6.54 7.841500 1.83 2.21 2.88 3.60 4.77 3.10 4.16 5.24 6.271800 1.25 1.84 2.40 3.00 3.98 2.58 3.47 4.36 5.232000 0.87 1.65 2.16 2.70 3.58 2.32 3.12 3.93 4.71 Notes: 1) Support members: 1.0mm BMT: G550; 1.2mm BMT: G500; 1.5 & 1.9mm BMT: G450 2) Outward capacity is limited by the minimum value between member strength and screw capacity. 3) Interpolation of capacity values in the table is permitted. 4) Laps are 40mm long. Refer Figure 11.5 and 11.6 in this manual. 5) Design capacity tables can be used to design TOPSPAN with timber supports: 2 fastener connections with M5.5-11x40 BattenZips - 1.5mm BMT steel support is equivalent to softwood timber, 1.9mm BMT steel support is equivalent to hardwood timber. 4 fastener connections with M5.5-11x40 BattenZips - 1.9mm BMT steel support is equivalent to both hardwood and softwood timber supports.
117
32
96
102.5
36.5
61
169
40
120
75
32
40
Top flange
Bottomflange
ToPSPAn 40 ToPSPAn 61 ToPSPAn 96 ToPSPAn 120
0.75mm BMT 0.75mm BMT 0.75mm BMT 0.90mm BMT 1.00mm BMT 1.00mm BMT 1.00mm BMT 1.20mm BMT 1.20mm BMT
7. ToPSPAn® profiles
Figure 7.1TOPSPAN sections
Table 7.1: Key to product codes Availability Cyclonic Tested TS2242 = TOPSPAN 22, 0.42mm BMT All states NoTS4055 = TOPSPAN 40, 0.55mm BMT All states YesTS4075 = TOPSPAN 40, 0.75mm BMT Queensland YesTS6160 = TOPSPAN 61, 0.60mm BMT Queensland# NoTS6175 = TOPSPAN 61, 0.75mm BMT All states YesTS6110 = TOPSPAN 61, 1.0mm BMT All states YesTS6112 = TOPSPAN 61, 1.2mm BMT Queensland YesTS9675 = TOPSPAN 96, 0.75mm BMT Queensland YesTS9610 = TOPSPAN 96, 1.0mm BMT Queensland YesTS9612 = TOPSPAN 96, 1.2mm BMT Queensland YesTS12070 = TOPSPAN 120, 0.70mm BMT All states NoTS12090 = TOPSPAN 120, 0.90mm BMT All states YesTS12010 = TOPSPAN 120, 1.0mm BMT All states# Yes# Availability subject to enquiry.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 19
ToPSPAn 61 Capacity tables
Capacities for softwood Capacities for hardwood Capacities for softwood and hardwood
Material specifications - Cladding (except kL-406Hw and Custom Blue orb)• ZINCALUMe® aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel
complying with AS 1397:2011 G550, AZ150 (550MPa minimum yield stress,150g/m2 minimum coating mass);
or
• Stainless steel standard grade designation is AISI/ASTM Type 430; UNS No. S43000
Stainless steel is available in a limited range of colours, and is available subject to enquiry. Design data on stainless steel material is available subject to additional testing.
Material specifications - kLiP-Lok 406 HigH winD and CUSToM BLUe orB• ZINCALUMe® aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel complying
Material specifications - ToPSPAnTOPSPAN profiles are made from high tensile ZINCALUMe® steel (aluminium/zinc alloy coated) complying with AS1397:2011 with AZ150 (150 g/m2 minimum coating mass).
ToPSPAn 40
0.75mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
ToPSPAn 610.75mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5501.00mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5501.20mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 500
ToPSPAn 960.75mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5501.00mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5501.20mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 500
ToPSPAn 120
0.90mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5501.00mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
10. Material specificationsCUSToM orB
0.42mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5500.48mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
CUSToM BLUe orB
0.60mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 300
FLATDek ii
0.42mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
kLiP-Lok 406 HigH winD0.55mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 3000.70mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 300
kLiP-Lok 700 Hi STrengTH0.42mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5500.48mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
SPAnDek0.42mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5500.48mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
TriMDek
0.42mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 5500.48mm BMT Yield Strength (MPa) 550
24 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Figure 11.3Fastener location
Figure 11.1Two screw connection
25
25
MIN DIST. FROM
EACH EDGE - 2 SCREWS
EACH SIDE OF TOPSPAN
LAP = 15% OF SPAN
10
10
MIN DIST. FROM EDGE
- 1 SCREW
EACH SIDE OF TOPSPAN
10
==
= =
= =
For connection to supports, see Figures 11.1 and 11.2.
11. recommended fastener locations and lap details
Figure 11.4end support
Figure 11.9Typical structural lap TOPSPAN 96/120
Figure 11.5Typical non-structural lap for TOPSPAN 40
Figure 11.2Four screw connection
25mm
4 fastenersat lap each side
15mm TOPSPAN 12025mm TOPSPAN 96
For connection to supports, see Figure 11.1, 11.2, 11.6 & 11.7
Lap is 15% of span
Figure11.6Two screw connection (timber)
Figure11.7Four screw connection (timber)
Figure11.8Typical structural lap for TOPSPAN 61
Support
Fastener location-screws must be located in the mid-region of the flat portion of both flanges
40 mm
minimum lap
Lap must be supportedon rafter or truss
Typical non-structural lap
20mmmax.
TOPSPAN(side view)
TOPSPAN(side view)
Typical steel support 1.0mm BMT minimum
One screw each bottom flange
Two screws each bottom flange
Typical steel support 1.0mm BMT minimum
20mmmax.
15mmmax.
20mm min.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 25
12. Fastener selection
Table 12.1: Fastener Selection - Cladding to supports
ProfileFIXING TO STEEL FIXING TO STEEL FIXING TO STEEL
FIXING TO TIMBER FIXING TO TIMBERSingle & Lapped (Total 2.0mm) Single Lapped (Total 3.8mm)Hardwood J1-J3 Softwood J40.75 up to 1.0mm BMT 1.0mm up to 3.0mm BMT 1.0mm up to 1.9mm BMT
Table 16.1 Fastener Selection - Cladding to supports - Cyclonic Areas
M5.5-14x25 AutoTek orM5.5-14x35 AutoTekwith 14g 25mm x 1.2mm EPDM Seal bondedaluminium washer
M5.5-14x25 AutoTek orM5.5-14x35 AutoTekwith 14g 25mm x 1.2mm EPDM Seal bondedaluminium washer
M5.5-14x25 AutoTek orM5.5-14x35 AutoTekwith 14g 25mm x 1.2mm EPDM Seal bondedaluminium washer
notes:1) HH = Hex Head, HG = HIGH GRIP, TG = TOP GRIP, T17 = TYPe 17 TIMBeR SCReW 2) All fasteners to steel supports are to be self drilling self tapping screws.3) All fasteners to timber supports are to be self drilling screws. 4) All fasteners exposed directly to the weather should be fitted with sealing washers.5) For cyclonic washer requirements, see ‘Selection Tables’ and Cladding Capacity Tables.6) Side lap screws (as specified in the product brochures) should always be located over supports as a minimum, with additional side lap
screws positioned as specified in Section 14 of this manual.7) No pre-bored holes permitted.8) For strength groups of timber, refer to AS1720.2.9) Increase screw length if fixing over insulation to maintain minimum 3 screw threats protruding far side of support.10) For FLATDeK 2, the 25mm Tek is used to fix to steel beams where the sheeting is flat against the beam eg a purlin. The 35mm Tek is used
to fix to steel where the sheeting is at a slope against the beam, usually a rail in a pitched structure. This length is satisfactory for pitched roof with a slope up to 23º (degrees). The Tek length should be checked where the roof slope is higher than 23º (degrees).
ToPSPAn fastener selection
Cladding fastener selection
Steel supports:
1.0mm thick No.15-15 x 25mm hex.head self-drilling screws ≥1.0mm-1.9mm No.14-10 x 25mm hex.head self-drilling screwsTimber Supports: M5.5-11x40mm BattenZips®
Structural laps:
No.14-10 x 25mm hex.head self-drilling screws
26 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
13. Fastening to supports
Figure 13.1 Fastening to Supports: Cyclonic Areas
spandek trimdek custom orb & custom blue orb
Crest: 3 fasteners per sheet†
Valley: 3 fasteners per sheet†
Valley: 5 fasteners per sheet†
Crest: 5 fasteners per sheet†
† Fasteners per sheet per supportS = Side-lap
S
S
Crest fixing for roof or walls
Valley fixing for walls only
S = Side lap
SValley: 4 fasteners per sheet
Crest: 4 fasteners per sheet
S
Crest: 4 fasteners per sheet
Valley: 4 fasteners per sheet
TRIMDEK
SPANDEK
Number of fasteners depends onwind pressure (see brochure on
this product).
S
S
Crest: 3 fasteners†
Crest: 4 fasteners†
Valley: 3 fasteners†
Valley: 4 fasteners†
† Fasteners per sheet per support. Most common practice is: 3 fasteners for internal spans and 4 fasteners for single and end spans.S = Side-lap
Crest fixing for roof or walls
Valley fixing for walls only
SValley: 4 fasteners per sheet
Crest: 4 fasteners per sheet
S
Crest: 4 fasteners per sheet
Valley: 4 fasteners per sheet
TRIMDEK
SPANDEK
Number of fasteners depends onwind pressure (see brochure on
this product).
S = Side lapS = Side lapCrest fixing for roofs or walls
Valley fixing for walls only
Cyclonic washer Class 4 G300 38 x 35 x 1.0mm Buildex or equiv.
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
at lap
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
Cyclonic washer Class 4 G300 38 x 34.5 x 1.0mm Buildex or equiv.
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
at lap
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
at lap
Crest fixing with cyclonic washer
Cyclonic washer Class 4 G300 38 x 35 x 1.0mm Buildex or equiv.
UNDERLAP END OVERLAP END
CREST FIXING WITH CYCLONIC WASHER AT LAP
CREST FIXING CREST FIXING WITH CYCLONIC WASHER
CYCLONIC WASHERCLASS-4 G300
25 X 33 X 1.0mm'BUILDEX'.
(FINAL POSITION)
klip-lok 406 HiGH Wind
FLATDek ii
Supports: 6 fasteners per sheet
25mm max. 25mm max.Centre of pan
Typical FLATDek ll connection: A longer Tek would be used on the rail of a pitched structure.
FIRMLOK beam
RAFTER
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 27
14. impact loading by wind-borne debris
The above photographs are copyright James Cook University - Cyclone Testing Station. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission.
Parts of a building envelope (cladding, doors, windows) may be required to resist windborne debris according to AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 and Design Guidelines for Queensland Public Cyclone Shelters: Impact test regimes for vertical trajectories (2006). “Testing has shown the following roof sheeting materials are capable of resisting the Queensland Public Cyclone Shelter vertical trajectory debris load and are deemed-to-comply for roofs slopes of 15 degrees or flatter, which are subject to negative wind pressures (suction).”These Standards specify debris impact loading by timber member of 4kg mass with nominal cross-section of 100 mm x 50 mm and spherical steel balls 8 mm diameter (approximately 3 grams mass).Spandek has been tested for maximum speeds:- Timber members = 8.5 m/sec- Spherical balls = 25.5 m/secCorrugated profile:- Timber members = 25.5 m/sec- Spherical balls = 34.0 m/sec
CUSTOM ORB complies with requirements for corrugated profiles according to AS 1445:1986. Refer further to Queensland Government website http://www.works.qld.gov.au/tdd/safe_build/cyclone-materials.asp#roofCUSTOM ORB and SPANDeK 0.48BMT are deemed to satisfy the vertical trajectory impact load performance requirements detailed in the Design Guidelines for Queensland Public Cyclone Shelters, Sept. 2006.Although not specifically tested, BlueScope Lysaght engineers believe LYSAGHT TRIMDeK and some other profiles will perform in a similar way. For more information, contact Steel Direct.
28 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Legend:
FS = Full Shielding
PS = Partial Shielding
nS = no Shielding
n/A = not applicable, see note 2.
notes:
1. Above table is an excerpt from Table 2.2 of AS 4055: 2006. C1, C2, C3 and C4 are the design wind speed classifications. Where N/A appears, conditions are beyond the scope of AS 4055: 2006.
2. For topographic classification see Appendix 2, also excerpted from AS 4055: 2006.
Appendix 1: wind classification
noigeRniarreTyrogetaC
noitacifissalCcihpargopoT
1T 2T 3T 4T 5T
C3CT
5.2CT
2CT,1CT
D3CT
5.2CT
2CT,1CT
C1 C1 C2 C2 C2 C3 C2 C3 C3 C3 C3 C3 C3 C4 C4
C1 C2 C2 C2 C3 C3 C3 C3 C3 C3 C4 C4 C4 C4 NA
C2 C2 C2 C2 C3 C3 C3 C4 C4 C3 C4 C4 C4 NA NA
C2 C3 C3 C3 C4 C4 C3 C4 C4 C4 NA NA NA NA NA
C2 C3 C3 C3 C4 C4 C4 C4 NA NA C4 NA NA NA NA
C3 C3 C4 C4 NA NA C4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
FS PS NS FS PS NS FS PS NS FS PS NS FS PS NS
wind Classification System for Cyclonic Conditions
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 29
Appendix 2: Topographic classification
notes:1. An escarpment has one average slope less than 1 in 20 and another average slope greater than 1 in 10.2. The location of a site on a hill, ridge or escarpment is shown in the illustration above.3. The average slope (a) is the slope measured by averaging the steepest slope and the least slope through the top half of the hill, ridge or escarpment. The average slope will not often occur at the actual proposed building site and should be appraised by considering the adjacent topography (see appendix D for the calculation of topography - Refer to AS 4055).4. The top-third zone extends for an equal distance, d, either side of the crest of an escarpment as shown above. The distance ‘d’ is the average horizontal distance measured from the crest of the escarpment to the near top-third zone.5. The over-top zone of an escarpment is considered to extend to a distance of 5H past the crest of an escarpment.6. The bottom of a hill, ridge or escarpment is that area at the base of a hill, ridge or escarpment where the average slope is less than 1 in 20, e.g. creek, river valley or flat area.7. Above data is an excerpt from AS 4055: 2006.
d dd d
30 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Appendix 3: Tropical cyclones and wind forces on buildings
Tropical cyclonesTropical cyclones are warm cored wind systems which affect the coastal regions of Northern Australia. They are formed over warm tropical waters, where the temperature must be >27ºC when severe barometric depressions occur. High speed winds blow spirally inward from all sides to form a roughly circular core or eye which can range in size up to about 50km in diameter. Overall, a cyclonic wind system can have a diameter as large as 650km.The spiralling action is caused by the earth’s rotation and is clockwise in the southern hemisphere, anti-clockwise in the northern hemisphere.Air drawn into the eye of a cyclone is carried vertically by convection and a pumping action generated by high altitude winds. This core activity extends up to 12km above the sea. The air rising in the core of the cyclone carries with it substantial amounts of water vapour which condenses to form heavy cloud and rain in the area of maximum wind force around the core.The condensing water vapour releases vast amounts of heat energy which is expended enlarging the system. As cyclones extract their energy from the warm water, they dissipate fairly quickly on reaching land, but often not before doing tremendous damage.Cyclones usually move at speeds of between 2 and 15 m/sec and because of their size, high wind speeds can last for many hours. These winds are of a cyclic nature, causing significant dynamic forces on building components.These cyclic forces can induce fatigue in roofing materials, their supports and fixings; fatigue which often limits the performance of a component or system. In addition, because of the rotation of the wind system, the wind direction at a particular point can change 180º as the cyclone passes. This requires that building designs should not take shielding into account unless it is roughly equal on all sides.
wind Forces on BuildingsWind creates a number of forces on both internal and external surfaces of a building; forces which must be considered when designing or selecting cladding materials, their fasteners and supports. These forces produce both positive pressure and negative pressure (suction) and their magnitude is affected by the velocity of the wind and the building’s degree of exposure and configuration. The resultant pressures are calculated using AS/NZS 1170.2: 2002 Structural Design Actions Part 2: Wind Actions.In cyclonic areas, particular note should be taken of the effects of internal pressures on roof and wall cladding and the importance of local pressure areas.Flying debris is a significant problem in tropical cyclones and there are numerous instances of buildings appearing to stand up to the wind forces until debris broke windows or penetrated wall cladding, thus allowing pressure from the wind to build up inside. The internal pressure, acting with suction on the outside of the roof, was then sufficient to cause failure of the roof system - a sort of “explosion”.Failure of the roofing can be due to inadequate fastening of roof sheeting, in which case the fixings pull out or the sheeting cracks around the fasteners. It can be equally due to inadequate fixing of the roof framing, either the connection between the battens and rafters or the connection of the rafters to the building frame. Irrespective of the reason for the loss of roof, the result is usually catastrophic. Water damage commonly results in the destruction of furniture and furnishings. In addition, framed buildings lose the bracing effect cause by the roof membrane, resulting in the collapse of some external walls.
wind Forces on AwningsThe Wind Classification for awnings and carports can be taken from AS4055 Wind Loads on housing. The wind pressure multipliers to apply to the basic wind pressure should come from the coefficients in ASNZS 1170:2002 for freestanding and attached awnings.
Design wind SpeedsThe various conditions which affect the design wind speeds, such as geographic location, terrain category, etc., are to be taken from the ASNZS 1170.2:2002.
Cyclonic Area Design Manual 31
Appendix 4: Local pressure areas
Local pressure areas
Where external pressures are negative, buildings are subject to localised areas of increased pressure at all significant external discontinuities such as roof or wall edges including roof ridges where the roof pitch exceeds 10º. Consequently, all roof and wall claddings, their supports and fixings, must be designed to take into account these increased external pressures. The areas affected by these factors are shown in the illustration above (taken from the AS/NZS 1170.2: 2002). The extent of the local pressure areas is given by the dimension ‘a’, which should be determined as indicated in the illustrations above (also taken from AS/NZS 1170.2: 2002).
Due care must be taken by the engineer when designing claddings and their supports. The effect on both areas of increased pressure must be considered.
notes: 1. Above illustration is taken from AS/NZS 1170.2:2002.
‘a’ x ‘a’ subject to local pressure factor of 1.5. Such areas lie within a zone of width ‘a’ from edges.
2. Area 0.5 ‘a’ x 0.5 ‘a’ subject to a local pressure factor of 2.0. Such areas lie within a zone of width 0.5 ‘a’ from edges.
32 Cyclonic Area Design Manual
Product Descriptions All descriptions, specifications, illustrations, drawings, data, dimensions and weights contained in this catalogue, all technical literature and websites containing information from BlueScope Lysaght are approximations only. They are intended by BlueScope Lysaght to be a general description for information and identification purposes and do not create a sale by description. BlueScope Lysaght reserves the right at any time to:(a) supply Goods with such minor modifications from its drawings and specifications as it sees fit; and(b) alter specifications shown in its promotional literature to reflect changes made after the date of such publication. Disclaimer, warranties and limitation of liabilityThis publication is intended to be an aid for all trades and professionals involved with specifying and installing LYSAGHT products and not to be a substitute for professional judgement.Terms and conditions of sale available at local BlueScope Lysaght sales offices.except to the extent to which liability may not lawfully be excluded or limited, BlueScope Steel Limited will not be under or incur any liability to you for any direct or indirect loss or damage (including, without limitation, consequential loss or damage such as loss of profit or anticipated profit, loss of use, damage to goodwill and loss due to delay) however caused (including, without limitation, breach of contract, negligence and/or breach of statute), which you may suffer or incur in connection with this publication.
www.lysaght.com Please check the latest information which is always available on our website.LYSAGHT, TOPSPAN, KLIP-LOK, SPANDeK, TRIMDeK, CUSTOM ORB, CUSTOM BLUe ORB, FLATDeK, COLORBOND & ZINCALUMe are registered trademarks of BlueScope Steel Limited, ABN 16 000 011 058. Teks®, AutoTeks®, RoofZips® and BattenZips® are registered trademarks of ITW Buildex. The LYSAGHT ®
range of products is made by or for BlueScope Steel Limited trading as BlueScope Lysaght. Printed by PM 1M 14/6/12