Cycling in China

• 1. How do we achieve greater cycling modeshare?Cycling in ChinaBram van Ooijen ITDP [email protected] January 2012

2. CHINAS MOVE FROM BIKES TO CARS 3. ROADS CATER TO CAR TRAFFIC 4. HOW TO PROMOTE CYCLING? 5. KEY OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROMOTION OFCYCLING BRT Greenways Public bike Low-carbon cities 6. BRT Road sections changesfor BRT Opportunity forimplementation of bikelanes and bike parking 7. 8. BIKE VOLUMEVolume of Bikes25002000 53% 52% bikes/hour IncreaseIncrease1500100024% 28%IncreaseIncrease 500 0 AM PMAM PM gangdingtangxiaNov-09(before BRT) 528511 1083 971Mar-10(after BRT)549482 1297 1069Sep-10(after BRT)814749 1713 2064Oct-10(after BRT)625660 1820 1497Dec-10(after-BRT)668686 1712 1501Jan-11(after-BRT)615686 1530 1232Mar-11(after-BRT) 1859 1465 9. I FEEL SAFE RIDING MY BIKE ALONG ZHONGSHANAVENUE/JICHANG ROAD."I feel safe riding my bike along JichangI feel safe riding my bike alongRoad" (Responses from Jichang Road Zhongshan Road(Responses from---Control Group Survey)Zhongshan Road) 60% 60% 50% 50% 40% 40%9% down30% 30% 20% 20% 19% up 10% 10%0%0%Agree/Strongl Disagree/Stro Agree/Strongl Disagree/StroNeutral Neutraly Agree ngly Disagree y Agree ngly Disagree BeforeBeforeBRT(Dec.2009) 24%26%51% BRT(Dec.2009) 28%38%34%WithWithBRT(Aug.2010) 43%17%40% BRT(Sep.2010) 31%49%20% 10. GREENWAYS Guangdong greenways 8200 km by 2015 Guangzhou greenways 1500 km now In city centers, suburbs and rural areas First greenways opened in the summer of 2010 Integrated in ordinary road design 11. DONGHAOCHONG GREENWAY 12. 13. POLITICAL SUPPORT 14. PUBLIC BIKE www.publicbike.net 15. EDUCATION, TRAINING AND SITE VISITSWITH LOCAL DECISION MAKERSDesign institutesCommunication CommissionPlanning DepartmentPublic Bicycle Company 16. WORKING WITH THE INDUSTRYEngaged possible industry suppliersto educate them on best practicesand create relationships withgovernments 17. PUBLIC BIKE STATIONSGUANGZHOU 18. PROJECT PLANGovernment supported a system in the middle of the BRT corridor More available street-space for stations Close to Asian Games village Good riding densities from ITDP surveys 19. STATION LOCATION 20. PLANNING STATION LOCATIONAdjacent to BRT and bus stops Integration into the BRTproject Electricity connectionavailable Represents anorigin/destinationCommercial and residential areasPoints of Interest (POI) 21. GUANGZHOU PROJECT PLANDefined by the governments commitment of 5000 bicycles and 109 stations. Later expanded to 15,000 bikesConstruction and implementation in coordination with BRTOpened in June 2010Capital costs of 4.5M USD 22. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTUREThe public bike system operator is owned by the same government agency that owns the BRT operations company that is in charge of regulating bus stops and bus terminals 23. HARDWARE AND ITSSimple cost effective city- type bicycle with front basket, fendersSide mounted docking terminalsFully automated station terminalsBuilt software in-houseRFID and GPRS information transfer 24. OPERATIONAL PLAN Fully automated RFID and GPRStechnology (ITS System). More bicycles than docks (2300)which requires some largerstations to have attendants aswell as automated docks. Payment system integrated withbus, BRT, metro and taxi. Usersneed a deposit of at least 300RMB on the card Service available from 07:00 22:00 with three 24hr stations 25. SYSTEM INTEGRATIONIntegration with BRT and bike lanesZhongshan Avenue became a world-class sustainable transportation corridor 26. 43 27. SYSTEM USERS Commuters Lower middle income Young (19-30) Previous mode of transport: 44% public transport 29% walking 16% private bike 28. FUTURE OF THE SYSTEM 29. CONCLUSION How do we make cycling a viable and preferred mode of transportin cities? How do we achieve greater cycling mode share? Work with and convince governments, find a champion BUILD BIKE INFRASTRUCTURE (bike lanes, greenways, publicbike, bike parking) make it a best practice Bring government leaders to these projects and show the benefits Involve local planners, engineers and media 30. MORE INFORMATIONwww.itdp-china.orgwww.publicbike.netwww.chinabikesharing.orgwww.gchinabrt.orgwww.globalparking.net/Come and see our [email protected] 31. ITDP SOLUTIONS 32. DO NOTHING SCENARIO 33. DO NOTHING SCENARIO 34. 54 35. 5-BIKE PATHS - PROPOSED Type 1a55 36. 5- 56 37. 38. 39. 40. FRIEND 41. Large intersection with much pavement 66 42. 67