PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWORDS INDIAN RAILWAY
PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWORDS INDIAN RAILWAY
Chapter-1 Introduction
Contents 1.1. Introduction of transportation. 1.2. Objectives of the study. 1.3. Scope of the study. 1.4. Methodology. 1.5. Sampling. 1.6. Sample size 1.7. Tools for data collection. 1.8. Limitation of the study 1.9. Chapter scheme
1.1. INTRODUCTION OF TRANSPORTAION Transportation is the important factor in the advancement of civilization and is the lifeblood of commerce. Broadly speaking, transportation means the action or process of carrying persons goods from one place to another for a country to enter world market, and have destroyed the monopolistic position of many producing countries.Transportation helped colonization and development of many sparsely populated countries like U.S.A, Canada, South Africa and Australia. The development of transportation has brought the different parts of the world in the close touch with one another as well as shortened the time in covering the distances. In many countries man himself was the only means of transport till recently ex. Central Africa, China and India.In some countries man employs man animals in his service and also employs them as his beast of burden. Horse, Camel, Elephant, yak is used for transportation purpose. Transportation is essential not only to meet consumers demands but also the best interconnection between different countries. Thanks to them who invited the transportation system, which is a valuable boon to build up a nation.MEANING OF TRANSPORTTransport means conveyance or movement of goods and persons from one places to another.IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORTTransport is helpful in reaching man targeted goals. The following are the some of the important of transport. It facilities agricultural development It helps to industrial development It helps to development of Trade and Commerce. It helps to better utilization of natural resources. It widens the mark OBJECTIVES.The below are some of the objectives of Transportation viz-1. It is needed in marketing of essential commodities to the people at their doorways.2. Transportation is labour-intensive industry providing employment to millions of people. 3. It is essential for national defenses.4. By facilitating the movement of goods from place of abundance to place of scarcity transportation stabilizes the prices of goods.5. It affects in earning more national income and offers possibilities for economic development in under developed countries.
MODES OF TRANSPORTBroadly speaking, the means of Transport can be classified into 3 main divisions.1. Land transport.2. Water transport.3. Air transport.Among these 3 modes of transport, Road transports are recognized as a growth of commerce and Industry in almost all the countries. It is growing very rapidly and use of motor-transport has increase phenomenally inspire of very high price of petroleum since 1974.Motor transport has not lost its dominance in any country. On account of tremendous growth of motor transport, road development program in a planned and phased manner has assumed considerable importance.Indian transport systemIn India Road Transport services are operated both by public and private sectors. But rapid increase introspect of passenger traffic has lead to keen competition among the private agencies and people were unable to copy up with the prices changed by them. Another reason for the establishment of public transportation system was growing population, which was beyond the control of private agencies. This leads to nationalization of transport system. And as a result state transport undertaking emerged and K.S.R.T.C is one of them. INTRODUCTION OF INDIAN RAILWAYSThe Indian Railways is operated and owned by the Government of India, Ministry of Railways. It is considered as one of the world's largest railway networks containing 115000 km of track over a route of 65000 km with 7500 railway stations. More than 20 million passengers travel daily in Indian Railways and around 2.8 million tons of freight is transported daily. The Indian Railways had a modest beginning in 1853, when the first train steamed off from Mumbai to Thane. In 1951, it was nationalized as a single unit, becoming one of the largest railway networks in the world. Indian Railways has over 59713 Passenger Coaches, 229381 Freight Wagons and 9213 Locomotives. It runs around 10000 trains daily and has its own locomotive and coach production facilities. Indian Railways operate long distance as well as suburban rail systems on a multi-gauge network. It uses four gauges, the 1,676 mm broad gauge, the 1,435 mm standard gauge, the 1,000 mm meter gauge and the two narrow gauges: 762 mm and 610 mm. Railways in India covers 28 states, 3 union territories and also supplies limited international services to Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal. The Indian Railways is divided into 17 zones, which are further divided into a total of 68 divisions. Each zone is administered by a General Manager (GM) and the divisions are under the control of Divisional Railway Managers (DRM). The Indian Railways is the world's fourth largest commercial employer with over 1.4 million employees. 1.2. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY : To know the factors that influence to consumer to go with Railway Transport. To know the Growth and development of INDIAN RAILWAY. To evaluate the consumer attitude towards INDIAN RAILWAY. To give suggestion for improvement of service. To view technical advancement made in the Indian railways. To have the practical knowledge of the working of an organization. To know the price structure of railway transport
1.3. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope is restricted to the 100 respondents only. The study covers only the people whom we selected to study. The study is limited to Davanagere city RAILWAYS. But it applies for overall INDIA based on this research the future researcher can use this to further go deep in the exact nature and consumer attitude and behavior. 1.4. METHODOLOGY:The information for this report has been collected through the Primary and secondary sources.Primary sources: The data is collected through the observation in the organization and interview with officials. By asking question with the accounts and other persons in the financial department.(oral questioning ) Face to face interview with the Assistant Superintendent Station Manager Mr. TIPPAYYA. M. PUJAR. DAVANGERE RAILWAY DEPARTMENT. Performance of DAVANGERE Railway department. Primary data will be collected through survey method i.e. by preparing QUESTIONNAIRE to the various travelers of Indian Railway. A structured questionnaire is being prepared and is will be distributed to the respondents. The questionnaire is made with the arrangement of Open and Close ended questions.
Secondary sources:These secondary data is existing data which is already been collected by others, for that the sources are Railway journals, annual reports of the SOUTH WESTREN RAILWAY, RAILWAY website, and other Publications of Railway transport. Books, Magazines, Company catalogues. Magazines and Journals like Week, Business world etc. Internet sites like www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com, www.indian railway.com, www.indian transportation .com etc. Published articles like case studies in internet, Week, Business world, Indian Railway Management etc.
1.5. Sample Design: Sampling design is the method in which the sample size is selected. It is to be selected from Davanagere city which is to be chosen randomly. This sample is based on Simple Random Sampling method and this sample will be selected on a random basis of the visit to the INDIAN RAILWAY TRAVELERS.1.6. SAMPLE SIZE: The sample size is 100 of which all the respondents are travelers of INDIAN RAILWAYS. Because of lack of time this sample size is small and this is not a perfect to representation of the whole group. i.e. all the travelers of INDIAN RAILWAY in the whole of Davanagere City.Sample descriptionNo research work can be under taken without the co-operation of respondents who are interviewed from which data was collected through questionnaire. Therefore respondents play an important role in these types of studies. The data collected were collected through questionnaire. The travelers of Indian railway have filled the questionnaire. The data regarding suggestions were through general talk.Instrumentation techniqueFor the purpose of collecting primary data questionnaire method has been selected by the researcher. And, the same has been gathered from 100 respondents, observation method & interview schedules have also been adopted wherever necessary.In the study secondary data was collected from various magazines, textbooks and websites were referred to get an insight into the subject matter of travelers behavior. Information was collected from various websites Indian railways. All the sources of information are presented in bibliography.1.7. Tools for data collection The study is exploratory; the mode of collecting the data was mainly through questionnaire. The questionnaire has been designed extensively for Indian railway travelers. The respondents were noted down on the questionnaire. These responses especially the comments are helpful during the analysis.1.8. LIMITAION OF THE STUDYDespite of all possible efforts to make analysis comprehensive and scientific, a study of this kind is bound to have some limitations. They are as follows:
The study is restricted to Davanagere Railway department only. The information obtained from the respondents is assumed to be accurate. The time was not enough to study the vast and service sector in Davanagere city. The Study is based on the assumption that information collection from the respondents. Time consistent The sample study is restricted to 100 respondents. Non availability of sufficient secondary data.
1.9. CHAPTER SCHEME In the First chapter Introduction It deals with the Introduction of transportation, Introduction of railway transportation, Objectives of the study, Scope of the study, Need for the study, Methodology ,Sample design, Sample size ,Statistical tools used, Limitation of the study, Chapter scheme.
In the Second chapter Introduction of INDIAN RAILWAY. This chapter will also deal with the Introduction of Indian Railway, Urban Metro railway transportation in India, Railway Budget system.
In the Third chapter Organization profile: it deals with Management of Railway department, Railway Zones, Organisation structure Minister of Railway, Vision and Mission of Indian Railways, and SWOT Analysis In the Fourth Chapter - Railway department in davanagere. History of davanagere Railway department, and Objectives of Davanagere railway department, Organization structure of Railway department, Facilities to passenger.In the Fifth Chapter Service profile this chapter deals with , Railway is back bone of service sector, Indian railways :the back bone of service sector ,Performance of service sector in India, Public service obligations of Indian railways, Service provided by Indian railways, Additional service offered to Railway employee. Passenger service In the Sixth Chapter would cover up with the Analysis and Interpretation of the Survey.In the Seventh Chapter would be Survey Findings, Recommendations and Conclusion. ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE BibliographyChapter No:2INDIAN RAILWAYS.
Contents2.1 Introduction Indian Railways.2.2 Urban Metro railway transportation in India. 2.3. Railway Budget 2013-14
Indian Railways
TypeGovernment-owned corporation
IndustryRailways
Founded16 April 1853(1853-04-16)[1]
HeadquarterNew Delhi, India
Area servedIndia
Key peoplePawan Kumar BansalMinister of RailwaysPranab Mukherjee (president )[2]
ServicesPassenger railwaysfreight servicesbus transportationtravel agency servicesparking lot operationsother related services
Revenue106,647 crore (US$19.41 billion) (201112)[3]
Net income14500 crore (US$2.64 billion) (201213)[3]
Owner(s)Government of India (100%)
Employees1.6 million (2012)[4]
Divisions17 Railway Zones
Websitewww.indianrailways.gov.in
2.1 INTRODUCTION OF INDIAN RAILWAYIndia is a land of diverse culture, and Railways play a key role in not only meeting the transport needs of the country, but also in binding together dispersed areas and promoting national integration. Indian Railways have emerged as the sinews of the Indian economy, and have reached out to bring together the great Indian family.The history of rail transport in India began in the mid-nineteenth century. In 1849, there was not a single kilometer of railway line in India. A British engineer, Robert Maitland Brereton, was responsible for the expansion of the railways from 1857 onwards. The Allahabad-Jubbulpore branch line of the East Indian Railway had been opened in June 1867. Brereton was responsible for linking this with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, resulting in a combined network of 6,400km (4,000mi). Hence it became possible to travel directly from Bombay to Calcutta. This route was officially opened on 7 March 1870 and it was part of the inspiration for French writer Jules Verne's book Around the World in Eighty Days. At the opening ceremony, the Viceroy Lord Mayo concluded that it was thought desirable that, if possible, at the earliest possible moment, the whole country should be covered with a network of lines in a uniform system. [6]By 1875, about 95 million were invested by British companies in Indian guaranteed railways.[7] By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about 14,500km (9,000mi), mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to help build the Uganda Railways.In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned company. The network spread to the modern day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and soon various independent kingdoms began to have their own rail systems. In 1905, an early Railway Board was constituted, but the powers were formally invested under Lord Curzon.[8] It served under the Department of Commerce and Industry and had a government railway official serving as chairman, and a railway manager from England and an agent of one of the company railways as the other two members. For the first time in its history, the Railways began to make a profit.In 1907 almost all the rail companies were taken over by the government. The following year, the first electric locomotive made its appearance. With the arrival of World War 1st, the railways were used to meet the needs of the British outside India. With the end of the war, the railways were in a state of disrepair and collapse.In 1920, with the network having expanded to 61,220km, a need for central management was mooted by Sir William Acworth. Based on the East India Railway Committee chaired by Acworth, the government took over the management of the Railways and detached the finances of the Railways from other governmental revenues.The period between 1920 and 1929 was a period of economic boom; there were 41,000 miles of railway lines serving the country; the railways represented a capital value of some 687 million sterling; and they carried over 620 million passengers and approximately 90 million tons of goods each year.[9] Following the Great Depression, the railways suffered economically for the next eight years. The Second World War severely crippled the railways. Starting 1939, about 40% of the rolling stock including locomotives and coaches was taken to the Middle East, the railways workshops were converted to ammunitions workshops and many railway tracks were dismantled to help the British in their war. By 1946 all rail systems had been taken over by the government.A rail system in India was first put forward in 1832 in Madras but it never materialised. In the 1840s, other proposals were forwarded to the British East India Company who governed India.The Governor-General of India at that time, Lord Hardinge deliberated on the proposal from the commercial, military and political viewpoints. He came to the conclusion that the East India Company should assist private capitalists who sought to setup a rail system in India, regardless of the commercial viability of their project.............................................................
On September 22nd, 1842, British civil engineer C. B. Vignoles, FRS, submitted a Report on a Proposed Railway in India to the East India Company.[1] By 1845, two companies, the East Indian Railway Company operating from Calcutta, and the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR) operating from Bombay, were formed. The first train in India was operational on 1851-12-22, used for the hauling of construction material in Roorkee. A few years later, on 1853-04-16, the first passenger train between Bori Bunder, Bombay and Thana covering a distance of 34 km (21 miles) was inaugurated, formally heralding the birth of railways in India. Prior to this there was in 1832 a proposal to build a railroad between Madras and Bangalore and in 1836 a survey was conducted for this line..[1]
Indias first train run betweenBombay and Thana
The British government encouraged the setting up of railways by private investors under a scheme that would guarantee an annual return of 5% during the initial years of operation. Once completed, the company would be passed under government ownership, but would be operated by the company that built them. Robert Maitland Brereton, a British engineer was responsible for the expansion of the railway from 1857 onwards. In March 1870, he was responsible for the linking of both the rail systems, which by then had a network of 6,400km (4,000miles).....................
By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about 14,500 km (9,000 miles), mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to help build the Ugandan Railways.........................................................................
In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned company. The network spread to modern day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and soon various independent kingdoms began to have their own rail systems. In 1901, an early Railway Board was constituted, but the powers were formally invested under Lord Curzon. It served under the Department of Commerce and Industry and had a government railway official serving as chairman, and a railway manager from England and an agent of one of the company railways as the other two members. For the first time in its history, the Railways began to make a profit.....
In 1907 almost all the rail companies were taken over by the government. The following year, the first electric locomotive makes its appearance. With the arrival of World War I, the railways were used to meet the needs of the British outside India. With the end of the war, the state of the railways was in disrepair and collapse.
In 1920, with the network having expanded to 61,220 km, a need for central management was mooted by Sir William Acworth. Based on the East India Railway Committee chaired by Acworth, the government takes over the management of the Railways and detaches the finances of the Railways from other governmental revenues. . The period between 1920 to 1929 was a period of economic boom. Following the Great Depression, the company suffered economically for the next eight years. The Second World War severely crippled the railways. Trains were diverted to the Middle East and the railways workshops were converted to munitions workshops. By 1946 all rail systems were taken over by the government. The British government encouraged new railway companies backed by private investors under a scheme that would guarantee an annual return of five percent during the initial years of operation. Once established, the company would be transferred to the government, with the original company retaining operational control. The route mileage of this network was about 14,500 km (9,000 miles) by 1880, mostly radiating inward from the three major port cities of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started building its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent engineers and locomotives to help build the Uganda Railway.
Soon various independent kingdoms built their own rail systems and the network spread to the regions that became the modern-day states of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh. A Railway Board was constituted in 1901, but decision-making power was retained by the Viceroy, Lord Curzon. The Railway Board operated under aegis of the Department of Commerce and Industry and had three members: a government railway official serving as chairman, a railway manager from England and an agent of one of the company railways. For the first time in its history, the Railways began to make a tidy profit. In 1907, almost all the rail companies were taken over by the government.
The following year, the first electric locomotive appeared. With the arrival of the First World War, the railways were used to meet the needs of the British outside India. By the end of the First World War, the railways had suffered immensely and were in a poor state. The government took over the management of the Railways and removed the link between the financing of the Railways and other governmental revenues in 1920, a practice that continues to date with a separate railway budget. ... The Second World War severely crippled the railways as trains were diverted to the Middle East, and the railway workshops were converted into munitions workshops. At the time of independence in 1947, a large portion of the railways went to the then newly formed Pakistan. A total of forty-two separate railway systems, including thirty-two lines owned by the former Indian princely states, were amalgamated as a single unit which was christened as the Indian Railways The existing rail networks were abandoned in favour of zones in 1951 and a total of six zones came into being in 1952. As the economy of India improved, almost all railway production units were indigenised. By 1985, steam locomotives were phased out in favour of diesel and electric locomotives. The entire railway reservation system was streamlined with computerisation in 1995.
Interesting Facts about Indian Railways Shortest station name: Ib near Jharsuguda on the Howrah-Nagpur main line (South Eastern Railway. ) Longest station name: Venkatanarasimharajuvariapeta often prefixed with Sri. on the Arakkonam-Renigunta section of the Southern Railway. Longest run (time): The Himsagar Express running between Jammu Tawi and Kanyakumari, It covers its route of 3751km in 74 hours and 55 minutes. Longest run for daily train: The Kerala Express has daily service and covers 3054 km in its run (in 42.5 hours). Longest non-stop run (distance): The Trivandrum Rajdhani does not have a Technical halt at Ratlam and, therefore, travels non-stop between Vadodara and Kota (528km), covering the stretch in about 6.5 hours. Trains with no commercial halts en route: Sampoorna Kranti Exp,Howrah Rajdhani, Bombay Rajdhani, Pragati Exp and Pune Shatabdi Shortest runs: Nagpur - Ajni has scheduled services that are just 3km in distance. This is mainly a service for crew to travel from Nagpur station to the workshop at Ajni. Highest number of halts: Mail and Express trains [3/99] The Howrah-Amritsar Exp. leads in this category with 115 halts. Busiest Station: Lucknow which caters to as many as 64 trains per day. Stations straddling state lines: Navapur is a station that is half in Maharashtra and half in Gujarat . Bhawani Mandi station, on the Shamgarh-Kota section of the Bombay-Delhi line is half in Madhya Pradesh and half in Rajasthan. Station with all the three gauges: Siliguri station.
2.2 Urban Metro Rail Transport System in India
As concerns urban transportation, present day India is confronted with enormous difficulties to manage the traffic congestion in most of her big cities caused mostly due to the increasing private vehicle ownership and increasing population. The country faced similar problems in the past but these were concentrated only in the four metropolises of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. Today, however, even cities like Kanpur, Lucknow, Ahmedabad, Pune, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Kochi seem to face the same problems and are in need of immediate attention and solutions. Urbanization in these cities is, therefore, on a phenomenal upswing as can be seen from the graphic below: The various modes of public transport in these cities have been overworked way beyond capacity and under immense pressure. To decongest the traffic in these over-populated urban areas and provide faster and smoother travel to the commuters, various projects have been/will be put in place incorporating underground and elevated railways (including mono-rails), surface railways and dedicated city bus systems. Most of these urban transport systems are administered by the local municipalities assisted and partly financed by the concerned State, mostly based on the public-private-partnership (PPP) model. In the Metro Race, India is about a hundred years behind the developed world including Germany, France and Japan, while lagging far behind China as well. China has been working on a plan to run 20 more metro rail lines over the next two years adding to its existing fleet of 15 metros. The estimates of the Planning Commission of India predict that Indias urban population will increase to about 473 million in 2021 and 820 million by 2051 as against only 285 million in 2001with no great increase in the urban area. From 1981 to 2001, the population of six major metropolises in India (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad) increased by 1.9 times, while the number of motor vehicles went up by over 7.75 times. In the same period, the number of road accidents jumped from 160000 to more than 390000 in the six cities.
Namma Bangalore Namma Metro (meaning Our Metro, in Kannada3) is the under-construction mass-transit rail system for Bangalore. With nearly 70% of the work completed as of February 2010, the first stretch between Bayappanahalli to M.G. Road is scheduled to open already in December 2010. The agency responsible for its implementation is the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (BMRCL). Mass transit for Bangalore had been in consideration for over two decades. Following a detailed project report prepared by the DMRC and RITES, which envisaged a 33 km elevated and underground standard gauge rail network with 32 stations, construction work for Phase-1 of the project was scheduled to start in 2005. It was only in April 2006 that the Indian cabinet approved the project, which was then budgeted at about US$ 1.1 billion. Construction on Reach-1 of the project commenced in 2007 and work on Phase-1 of the project is scheduled to be completed by 2012. The first line is scheduled to open in December 2011. In 2007, BMRCL announced that it would incorporate a northern extension and part of the southern extension in Phase I, thus extending the length of Phase I network to about 42 km, with 40 stations. The objective of this was to connect the Metro to the Outer Ring Road at both ends, as also cover the industrial areas of Peenya in the North-West, thereby providing better connectivity and increasing passenger traffic. In October 2008, the Government of Karnataka approved this extension, which would cost an additional US$ 318.4 million.Following are the main advantages of Railway transport: Development of Agriculture: Spread of Railways in India has contributed a great deal to the development of agriculture. Before the development of Railways, agriculture was largely subsistence-oriented. Railways have commercialized it. Our farmers do not produce for self consumption only but also for sale in the market. New Sources and New Areas of Production: Railways have installed new sources and new areas of production. They have not only provided knowledge of the new areas, but also helped in reaching the inaccessible areas. Growth of Markets and Specialization: Railways have extended the size of market and thus stimulated the process of specialization. Bulky goods can easily be transported by Railways. Help in the Internal Trade: By joining together different areas of the country, railways have made internal trade convenient. They carry goods and passengers to distant places easily. Mobility of Labour and Capital: Railways have increased the mobility of labour and capital which in its turn has contributed to the rapid industrialization of the country. Check on the Fluctuations of Prices:
Railways have checked those fluctuations in prices that were detrimental to the economic, political and social stability of the country. Price fluctuations cause misery, disturb trade and give rise to many problems.
Elimination of Famines: Railways have helped in diluting the intensity of famines by carrying the food-grains from surplus to famine-stricken areas. Employment: Railways are an important source of employment in India. Lakhs of skilled and unskilled people are employed in operating the railways. In addition, this means of transport creates so many opportunities of employment. Railways provide employment to 17 lakh people in the country. Encouragement to Tourism: Tourist traffic has also been encouraged. Railways sell circular tickets to the tourists and thereby promote tourism. Strategic Importance: Strategic importance of the railways cannot be ignored. They are instrumental in providing internal security and in making goods and efficient arrangements of defence of the country against any external threat. Social Importance:Railways have made possible a basic change in the social attitude of the people. They are no longer tied to old customs and traditions, or to fatalism and orthodoxy. It facilitates long distance travel and transport of bulky goods which are not easily transported through motor vehicles.
It is a quick and more regular form of transport because it helps in the transportation of goods with speed and certainty.
It helps in the industrialization process of a country by easy transportation of coal and raw-materials at a cheaper rate.
It helps in the quick movement of goods from one place to another at the time of emergencies like famines and scarcity.
Railway is the safest form of transport. The chances of accidents and breakdown of railways are minimum as compared to other modes of transport. Moreover, the traffic can be protected from the exposure to sun, rain snow etc.
2.3 Railway Budget 2013-14 Pawan Kumar Bansal is a member of the 15th Lok Sabah of India. He is currently the Minister of Railways. He represents the Chandigarh constituency and is a member of the Indian National Congress political party. Railway Minister Pawan Kumar BansalRailway ministerHe is the first congressman to take on Railway ministry after 1996.Soon after becoming Railways minister; he increased the fares, monumentally, by about 21% in order to make them operationally profitable. He was also Member of Parliament between 1991-96, 1999-2004New Delhi:Railway Minister Pawan Bansal has announced the Union Railway Budget for 2013-14 in Parliament. Here are the highlights: No increase in passenger fares. Railways will absorb Rs. 850 crore on account of no hike in passenger fare. Marginal increase in reservation charges, cancellation charges. Supplementary charges for superfast trains and tatkal booking 26 new passenger trains to be launched. 67 express trains to be launched. 9 Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) trains to be introduced. 500-km new lines to be completed in 2013-14. Concessional fare for sportspersons. 5 per cent average increase in freight. Diesel price hike added Rs. 3,300 crore to fuel bill of Railways. Railways hopes to end 2013-14 with a balance of Rs. 12,506 crore. 5.2 per cent growth in passenger traffic expected in 2013-14. Railways' freight loading traffic scaled down by 100 million tonnes from 1025 million tonnes because of economic slowdown. Railways to set up a Debt Service Fund. Rs. 3,000 crore loan from Finance Ministry re-paid with interest by Railways this financial year. New coach manufacturing and maintenance facilities to be set up in various places including Rae Bareli, Bhilwara, Sonepat, Kalahandi, Kolar, Palakkad and Pratapgarh. Five fellowships to be announced to motivate students. Centralized training institute to be set up in Secunderabad. Will provide better living conditions for Railway Protection Force (RPF) personnel. Seek to fill 1.52 lakh vacancies in railways this year. 47,000 vacancies for weaker sections and physically challenged to be filled up soon. Target of Rs. 4,000 crore for railway production units in 2014 Trying to connect Manipur through railways. Investment of Rs. 3800 crore for port connectivity projects Target of Rs. 1000 crore each for Indian Railways Land Development Authority and Indian Railways Station Development authority. Toll free 1800111321 numbers to address grievance. Introduced from February 2013. Labs to test food provided in trains. ISO certification for all rail kitchens. Advance fraud control will be used for ticket sale. Induction of e-ticketing through mobile phones, SMS alerts to passengers. Next-generation e-ticketing system to improve end user experience. The system will support 7200 users per minute. Wheelchairs and escalators to be made to make stations and trains friendlier for the differently-abled. Rs. 100 crore to be spent to augment facilities at Delhi, New Delhi and Nizamuddin railway stations. Special attention to stations in NCR. Free wi-fi facilities in select trains. 60 more 'adarsh' stations. Safety measures including new coaches with anti-climb features to be brought in. More ladies specials in metros and a helpline number to be implemented. Railways meets need of consumers while adhering to sound economic principles. Need to expand at a much faster growth rate. I am committed to improving passenger amenities. Resource crunch cannot be a reason for substandard services. Elimination of over 10,000 level crossings. 17 bridges sanctioned for rehabilitation. Enhancement of the track capacity and the Train Protection Warning System (TPWS). Indigenously developed collision avoidance system to be put to trial. Induction of self-propelled accident relief trains along with fast and reliable disaster management system. Railway passengers deserve safe and comfortable travel. Safety is a mandate in running trains. There has been a significant reduction in accidents - .41 per million kms in 2003-04 to .13 in 2011- 12. We will strive to work towards a zero accident situation. Our targets need to be higher. Mounting scarcity of resources, thin spread of funds continue to be a problem. The number of passenger trains has increased from 8000 in 2001 to over 12000 in 2012 - yet losses continue to mount. It is estimated to be Rs. 24,000 cr in 2012-13. Indian railways must remain financially viable Indian Railways plays an unparalleled growth in integrating the nation. Finally Mr. Pawan Kumar Bansal gave special thanks to Dr Manmohan Singh and Sonia Gandhi and He pay homage to Rajiv Gandhi ji who introduced His to politics.
ORGANISTION PROFILE
3.1 Management of Railway department3.2 Railway Zones3.3 Organisation structure Minister of Railway3.4 Vision and Mission of Indian Railways3.4 SWOT Analysis
3.1 MANAGEMENTOF RAILWAY DEPARTMENTThe Indian Railways is organized broadly by functional groups of Indian Railway Service. This is traditionally how the co-operation is organized. The Indian Railways perhaps has been less adventurous in changing the structure; it has largely kept up what it got as a legacy since the British era.Railway BoardThe apex management organization is the Railway Board, also called the Ministry of Railways. The board is headed by a Chairman who reports to the Minister of Railways. The board has five other members in addition to the chairman.The General Managers of the zonal railways and the production units report to the board.Functional branchesThe various Group A cadres are as below:Non Technical Services recruitment though Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC IRTS - Indian Railway Traffic Service IRPS - Indian Railway Personnel Service IRAS - Indian Railway Accounts Service RPF - Railway Protection ForceTechnical Services recruitment thorough Indian Engineering Examination conducted by UPSC IRSE - Indian Railway Service of (Civil) Engineers IRSEE - Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers IRSME - Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers IRSS - Indian Railway Stores Service IRSSE - Indian Railway Service of Signal Engineers
Medical Services recruitment through Combined medical Examination conducted by UPSC IRMS - Indian Railway Medical ServiceA vast rail system as India's, the 3rd largest in the world, has been managed at a regional level. Indian Railways has divided itself into 16 zonal railways. Each zone, headed by a General Manager, is semi-autonomous and this creates a matrix organization where the functional branches are under dual control viz. Operational Control at Zonal level Functional Policy & Guidance from the Railway BoardRegional organization
3.2 Zonal managementThe current zones of the Indian Railways areNameAbbr.Headquarters
Central RailwayCRMumbai
Eastern RailwayERKolkata
East Central RailwayECRHajipur
East Coast RailwayECoRBhubaneswar
Konkan RailwayKRPanvel
Northern RailwayNRDelhi
North Central RailwayNCRAllahabad
North Western RailwayNWRJaipur
North Eastern RailwayNERGorakhpur
Northeast Frontier RailwayNFRMaligaon(Guwahati)
Southern RailwaySRChennai
South Central RailwaySCRSecunderabad
South Eastern RailwaySERKolkata
South East Central RailwaySECRBilaspur, CG
South Western RailwaySWRHubli
Western RailwayWRMumbai
West Central RailwayWCRJabalpur
Kolkata MetroKMRKolkata
Each zone also manages the workshops that are part of it. This does not include the Production Units, which are managed by General Managers reporting directly to the Railway Board.
3.3 Organization Structure Minister of Railway
Divisional organizationThe Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) heads the organization at the division level. There are currently 67 divisions on the system nationwide. The divisions are primarily involved with train running but may have loco sheds (repair shops for locomotives), coaching depots (repair home bases for passenger trains) and wagon depots (repair and maintenance points for freight stock).Each division has all the functional (both line and staff) organizations. The heads of these functional groups report to the DRM for administrative purposes but rely on guidance from the railway board and the zonal headquarters for policy guidelines.3.4 Vision Statement Indian Railways shall provide safe, efficient, affordable, customer-focused and environmentally sustainable integrated transportation solutions. It shall be a modern vehicle of inclusive growth, connecting regions, communities, ports and centers of industry, commerce, tourism and pilgrimage across the country.The mission areas identified for realizing the main objectives stated in the Vision are the following: To augment the capacity to handle freight services by constructing new lines, laying double lines where necessary and through signaling improvements. To take up necessary works to ease bottlenecks in the transportation network so as to achieve higher speed and throughput. To induct modern rolling stock to derive the benefit of up to date technology. To monitor the system of grievance redresses so that the level of satisfaction among rail users improves. To monitor closely all aspects earnings and expenditure so that the organization functions in an efficient and cost effective manner. To constantly upgrade the facilities extended to passengers and to minimize the adverse environmental impact of the organizations activities. To constantly strive to improve the working and living conditions of our employees. To continuously innovate and stay up to date in terms of technological advancement and to achieve the best possible standards of safety in train operations at all times.
MISSION STATEMENT We Shall :- Protect and safeguard Railway property, Passengers and Passenger area Ensure the safety, security and boost the confidence of the traveling public in the Indian RailwaysObjectivesWe Shall :- Carry on an unrelenting fight against criminals in protecting railway passengers, passenger area and Railway property. Facilitate passenger-travel and security by removing all anti-social elements from trains, railway premises and passenger area. Remain vigilant to prevent trafficking in women and children and take appropriate action to rehabilitate destitute children found in Railway areas. Co-operate with other departments of the Railways in improving the efficiency and image of the Indian Railways. Act as a bridge between the Government Railway Police/local police and the Railway administration.
Adopt proactively all modern technology, best human rights practices, management techniques and special measures for protection of female and elderly passengers and children, in pursuit of these objectives.
SWOT AnalysisS - StrengthW- WeaknessO - OpportunityT- ThreatsS - Strength No competition with Railway. Monopolistic in nature. The Biggest Company in the world in terms of employee strength. Luxurious and affordable to common man. Connects to different cities and countries. Technological advancement.W- Weakness Corruption within the department. Lack of safety. Poor infrastructure. Delayed trains. Lack of accident proof magnetic wheels in all the trains.
O- Opportunity Metro in commercial cities like Bangalore Mumbai. Development in small cities. Profit through Privatization. Employment opportunity.
T- Threats Low cost airlines. Improvement of other infrastructure like roadways . Lack of safety.
Chapter No.4Railway department in DAVANGERE
History of davanagere Railway department Objectives of Davanagere railway department Organization structure of Railway department Facilities of Railway station to travelers
4.1 RAILWAY DEPARTMENT IN DAVANAGERE
Davanagere is well-connected by road to Mumbai, Pune, Goa, Bangalore, Mangalore and Chennai through National Highway 4 (India) (previously Pune-Bangalore Highway and now Mumbai-Pune-Bangalore-Chennai Highway). Railways also play a major role in connectivity. The city's Railway Station comes under South Western Railway Zone (India) and was constructed during the British period 21-2-1889 BIRUR to HARIHAR and has been renovated recently. The station code is DVG. The railway station is located in front of Davanagere Municipal Corporation and is located very close to the old (private) bus stand. Davanagere railway station has been upgraded, and the public is provided with high-class facilities. A new proposal to lay a rail track between Davanagere to Tumkur would further reduce the travel time from Bangalore to Davanagere. This would further connect to Shimoga, Kottur, etc. along with the Harihara-Kotturu Rail Line which is waiting for inauguration.
4.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE DAVANGERE RAILWAY DEPARTMET.The below are some of the objectives of DVG Rail way department. Safety. Security. Punctuality. It is needed in marketing of essential commodities to the people at their doorways. To provide better service to travelers. Transportation is labour-intensive industry providing employment to millions of people. It is essential for national defenses. By facilitating the movement of goods from place of abundance to place of scarcity transportation stabilizes the prices of goods. It affects in earning more national income and offers possibilities for economic development in under developed countries. To augment the capacity to handle freight services by constructing new lines, laying double lines where necessary and through signaling improvements. To take up necessary works to ease bottlenecks in the transportation network so as to achieve higher speed and throughput. To induct modern rolling stock to derive the benefit of up to date technology. To monitor the system of grievance redresses so that the level of satisfaction among rail users improves. To monitor closely all aspects earnings and expenditure so that the organization functions in an efficient and cost effective manner. 4.3 Organization Structure of Railway department in davanagere
TIPPAYYA M PUJARHead of the department {SM}
B.S.PYATIStation superintendent
S M SHARMA {S M}
SHIVU MURTHISTATION MANAGER
K.B SHRIDHARStation Master
L. NAGAPPA{S M R}
DINESH KUMAR SING S M
COMMERCIAL =17+2 TC
GROUP D=14
4.4 Facilities to passenger Waiting rooms for ladies and gents. (Only for reservation passenger) Announcing system. (public announcing system) Facilities to person with disability Canteen service. ATM facilities. Token system for reservation. Books stalls. Drinking Water service. Sine boards Entertainment by televisions Providing flyovers and underground For passenger crossings. Tatkal booking for emergencies Digital time table displays
Security system GRP= Government railway police. RPF= Railway Protection Force. PCC= Passenger care center. PRS= passenger reservation system. Emergency fire alarm CCTV security
5. SERVICE PROFILE
Contents 1. Indian Railway the back bone of the service sector. 2. Performance of service sector in India.3. Public service obligation of Indian Railways. 4. Service provided by Indian Railways.5. Additional services offered to Railway employees.6. Passenger service.7. Fright service.8. Welfare, development and improvement of women.
5.SERVICE PROFILE5.1 Indian Railways: The backbone of service sector Starting in 1990s, Indian economy have been sharing a common feature in the composition of it's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the form of the rising contribution of the service sector. Service sector with double-digit growth during the past two year i.e. 2004-05 & 2005-06 has further strengthened its place as the leading sector of the Indian economy. Service sector now accounts for more than 60 percent of overall GDP. In service sector, Indian Railways play very significance role for up liftmen of Indian economy. Indian railways is the world's fourth largest rail network and second largest rail network under the single management in Asia. Indian railways has been performing exceedingly well, during 2006-07, gross earnings went up by 14 percent to register US $ 18.19 billion as against US $ 13.25 billion in previous year, while passenger earnings accounted for US $ 4.19 billion, freight earnings accounted for US $ 10.16 billion. Total freight increased to 728.41 mt. during 2006-07 from 666.51 mt. in 2005-06. Indian Railways is very important part of service sector, which provide effective and direct services to the Nation and its population. Therefore purpose of this paper is to give present scenario of service sector specially focuses on Indian Railway in this concern paper elaborate the importance of Indian Railways in service sector, services provided by the Indian Railways, it's contribution in GDP of India and measure the performance of service sector. Furthermore paper try to summaries the GDP growth and share of service sector in it's percentage. Indian Railways: The backbone of Service Sector The services sector, also referred as the tertiary sector, is the largest of the three constituent sectors in terms of contribution to GDP in India. The service sector comprises of trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, storage, communication, financing, insurance real estate, business services, community services (public administration and defense) etc. The service sector provides services of final consumption nature as well as intermediate nature, the latter accounting for a major share. Substantial part of services such as transport and communications is in the form of intermediate inputs of production of other goods and services. Initially in 1980s when the services sector emerged as the main contributor to GDP, it was attributed to the dominant role played by the public sector and rise in the pay an allowances of workers of public sector in the after math of implementing new pay scales recommended by the fifth pay commission. However the import of the liberalization of trade and industrial policies since 1984 also appears to have resulted in services growth. In addition to this, growing urbanization has also contributed to the growth in services sector. Service sector in India today accounts for more than half of Indias GDP. According to data for the financial year 2006-07, the share of services, industry, and agriculture in India's GDP is 55.1 per cent, 26.4 percent and 18.5 percent respectively. It is fact that the service sector now accounts for more than half of the GDP marks a watershed in the evolution of the India economy and takes it closer to the fundamentals of a developed economy. Services or the "tertiary sector" of the economy covers a wide gamut of activities like trading, banking & finance, infotainment, real estate, transportation, security, management and technical consultancy among several others. India is the 7th largest country in terms of its geographical size. Indian Railways is the world's fourth largest rail network and second largest rail network under a single management. This means, there is a need for efficient means for long-distance transportation. The long-distance road network is very poorly developed in most parts of India. Bulk of long distance traffic is carried by the Indian Railways, as a result. Indian Railways therefore, forms the backbone of public transport in India. With ever-increasing number of people and goods that use Indian Railways, the cost of maintenance and expansion of existing infrastructure is burgeoning. Being a medium of mass transport, the railways cannot afford to increase its fare to keep up with its growing expenses. There is an urgent need to look for ways to cut down its expenses, increase its efficiency, and look for ways to cut down its expenses, increase its efficiency and look for additional sources of revenue, which will guarantee that Indian railways continues to serve the public without any degradation of service. Indian Railways is the primary means and long distance travel for majority of Indians. 5.2 Performance of Services Sector in India Indian economy has registered a highly impressive growth during the fiscal year 2005-06 sustained manufacturing activity and impressive performance of the service sector with reasonable support from the recovery in agricultural activity have added greater momentum to this growth process. Indian Railways is also the worlds fourth largest freight carrier, daily carrying 1.49 million (mt) of freight. Contributing to the development of India's industrial and economic landscape for over 150 years, it accounts for about 2.3 per cent of GDP and employees about 1.5 million people directly. India Railways has been performing exceedingly well. During 2006-07 gross earnings went up by 14% to register US $ 15.19 billion as against US $13.25 billion while passenger earnings accounted for US $ 4.19 billion (13.8 per cent growth) freight earnings accounted for US $ 10.16 billion. Total freight increased to 728.41 mt. during 2006.07 from 666.51 mt. in 2005-06. Its impressive performance has resulted in the generation of a cash surplus before dividend of US $ 4.9 billion, up 37 per cent against US $ 3.58 billion in 2005-06. Railways also paid a dividend of US $ 1.03 billion in 2006-07 against US $ 93.34 million in 2005-06. Simultaneously, the operating ratio of Railways has improved to 78.68 per cent during the year 2006-07 from 83.72 per cent in 2005-06 making Indian Railways a member of the selected club of Railways in the world, having an operating ratio of less than 80 per cent.
Table-1 contains figures on the annual growth rates of GDP at factor cost service sectors and its three constituent categories from 2001-02 onwards. Growth rates recorded by three components of services viz. (a) Trade, Hotel Transport & Communication, (b) Financing, Insurance, Real Estate and (c) Community, social and personal service are also given in Table-1. First, the services sector on aggregate has been registering as much as or higher rates of growth than that observed in GDP. Trade hotel, transport and communication segment of services sector has always been registering higher growth rates than the other two segments 4of services. Community social and personal services segments has relatively lower rates of growth among the three segments. Table-2 elaborate the contribution of services sector (excluding construction which is sometimes grouped within services sector) to GDP it's increased from 50 percent to 54 percent between 2001-02 and 2006-07. During the same period, share of Trade, Hostel, Transportation and communications segment in total services increased from 45 percent to 49 percent while the share of other two segments have come down. The pattern is not surprising given the relatively sharp rise in the telecommunications sector in the recent past. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): 2011-12 The growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at constant 2004-05 prices at Factor Cost (real GDP) in 2011-12 remained at 8.4 per cent which was the same as the level recorded during 2010-11. Analysis of composition of growth in 2011-12 indicates that it was broad-based across major sub-sectors in the industry and services, besides benefiting from rebound in agriculture. The growth in primary, secondary and services sector was 7.0 per cent, 7.2 per cent and 9.3 per cent, respectively during 2011-12 as against the corresponding growth of 1 per cent, 8.4 per cent and 10.5 per cent in the preceding year. Growth of real GDP in 2011-12 is mainly on account of the accelerated growth registered in agriculture, forestry & fishing (7.0 per cent as against a growth of only 1 per cent a year ago), financing, insurance, real estate & business services (10.4 per cent), trade, hotels & restaurants (9.0 per cent) and construction (8 per cent). The growth of transport, storage & communication sector at 14.7 per cent was very close to that obtained in 2010-11 (14.8 per cent). However, electricity, gas and water supply (3.0 per cent), manufacturing (7.6 per cent) and mining & quarrying (5.0 percent) showed somewhat decelerated growth. There was a sharp decline in community, social & personal services sector which grew only by 4.5 per cent as against a growth of 12 percent registered during 2010-11.Indian Railways contributed 1 per cent towards GDP at Factor Cost (2004-05 level of prices) during 2011-12
Financial Performance: During the year, IRCTC earned a total income of `764.93 crore as compared to `721.97 crore in 2009-10. A net profit of `60.79 crore was earned during 2010-11 as against `63.05 crore in 2009-10. During the year, the Corporation contributed a sum of `55.59 crore to the revenues of IR, in the form of haulage charges, concession fee, user charges and dividend.Awards/Recognition: In recognition of the excellent performance of the Corporation in various fields, the following awards have been conferred on IRCTC during the year:1. The 3rd DSIJ PSU Award 2011, for being fastest growing non-manufacturing companies with balance sheet size less than `4,000 crore. The Company was awarded Speed King (Miniratna) in April, 2011.2. The SKOCHs The World Open Award for Integrated Train Enquiry System (ITES) from the Controller of Certifying Authority, Government of India in October, 2010.3. The India Pride Award Gold for Internet Ticketing in September, 2010.4. GMR Travel World Award 2010 for Excellence in Operations for the Bharat Darshan Train in July, 2011.
5.3 Public Services obligations of Indian Railways: Railways is the most important means of land transportation because of its speed and safety. It is a useful mean of transport for carrying cheap, bulky and heavy articles over long distances. The use of Railways, as a mode of transport, dependents on physical factors like topography and climatic conditions of a region. The cost of providing railway service in plain region is less as compared to hilly areas because of the high cost involved in digging tunnels. The development of railways is also difficult in areas of heavy rainfall and snowfall throughout the year. Railways assist to accelerate the process of industrialization in many countries. The stage of economic and industrial development of a country can be judged from the adequacy of the rail network in it. The railways are large-scale surface transport industry with heavy capital investment. The capacity of railways to carry passenger and goods is much larger than road transport. Railways transport is an important and inexpensive mode for economic exploration of natural resources in India. It has their own separate track and wagons to carry passengers and goods. The movement from one track to another or in the reverse direction can only be made where facilities for switching or crossing loops have been provided. The movement of goods and passengers in railways transport take place at fixed points provided for the purpose, i.e. at terminal stations or in the sidings, where they have to be brought by road or other modes. Railways transport 5increases the competitiveness of products in the market by reducing transportation cost. The industrially developed countries have developed well-planned railway network in their countries to optimize the utilization of their resources by cutting down the transportation cost this mode of transport offers an excellent opportunity to do so. Besides their role in fulfilling economic and plan objectives, the railways have to undertake a number of obligations to the public. They have to do so because they are being managed by welfare govt. These obligations are stated below : According to section 27 of the Indian Railways Act 1890, railways have the obligation to provide reasonable facilities for receiving and forwarding the traffic offered to them without any undue preference. Thus, the railways cannot normally refused to carry and goods offered to them or discriminate between what to carry and what not to carry. Such obligations are not substance in other modes of transportation. Until January 1962, the responsibility of the Indian Railways, as a carrier was limited to that of a bailey only. But, now the railways have assumed greater responsibility for the loss, destruction, damage, deterioration, etc. of animals or goods delivered to them for carriage. Under section 27(a) of the Indian Railways Act, the central govt. may direct any railways administration, in the public interest, to give preference to the transport of such goods or class of goods as may be specified. Such directions are generally given in respect of low rated commodity like coal, mineral ores for export raw materials for iron and steel industries. Manure, food-grain etc. Indian railways have to grant freight concession on a number of commodities to increase export. Social obligations of Indian Railways force it to provide certain services below the cost of operation. Essential commodities of mass consumption like sugarcane, salt, edible oil etc. are carried at low rates below cost. Fares of the short distance second ordinary class and season's tickets are much below their costs. In addition special concessions are extended to certain categories of people. 5.4 Services Provided by Indian Railways The pattern of investment on the railways involves heavy outlays on railways tracks, signaling equipment as well as on the regular maintenance of these assets. Investment is required towards provision of terminal and transmission facilities, locomotives, various types of coaches and electric multiple unit stock. The track as well as other fixed facilities are generally used both for coaching (passenger and parcels) and goods traffic, which are the main constituents of rail transport. The railway is executing certain unproductive work such as transport of workmen to the site of work, movement of stores for operational purposes, movement of empty wagons to be made available at the loading points where traffic is offered, shunting in yards and at terminals. The cost of these services are included in public traffic cost and termed as Revenue Earning Traffic', and these expenses are included in cost of various functional groups/constituent element of rail transport. The railway transport cost can be classified as fully distributed cost, which represents the total expenditure in transport service, which can be quantified. Rail transport cost is the unit cost of each of its functions plus the cost of movement of a given commodity. In the railway freight structure, the following factors are taken into account while fixing the freight rate for a commodity. (i) Cost of Services (ii) Social costs of a commodity (iii) Ability of a particular commodity to bear the transport cost (iv) Loading and unloading characteristics of a commodity. Freight is the backbone of the Indian Railways and contributes more than 66 percent of this organizations earnings, even subsidizing the losses it makes on passenger operations. The Indian Railways decided to adopt the use of information technology to improve the utilization and maintenance of its rolling stock, for better capacity utilization and increased output. Rail Transport Services Comprises of two categories of Traffic 7(a) Coaching (Passenger and Parcel traffic) (b) Goods (Freight traffic) (a) Coaching: Passenger traffic service This includes electric multiple Unit transport services (computer services) and rail car service. The total Expenditure on coaching service can be grouped as under: (i) Passenger (Terminal Service) This include expenses relating to Facilities provided for booking of passengers, waiting rooms, Platforms, shunting/marshalling of trains, provision and maintenance Of coaching yards. (ii) Catering Services : Catering service includes expenses on Refreshment rooms, restaurants at stations, dining car services, in the Running trains- (iii) Special Services: Reservation, enquiries, retiring room facilities, the Expenses of conductor guards, TTEs and catch attendants. Line Haul Service: This services includes proportionate share of expenditure on Traction, cost of train passing staff including guards, provision and maintenance of coaching stock and signaling. Luggage Parcel Service: These service include booking and delivery of luggage and parcels, loading and unloading from vans, transshipment, repackaging at Junction stations, shutting of parcel vans at stations, provisions and maintenance of Commercial sidings. (b) Goods: The railway freight transport comprises of the following Functional groups: (i) Terminal Services This service include booking and delivery of goods, loadings into and unloading from wagons, and shunting the Wagons from and to the marshalling yards. (ii) Line Haul This service can be subdivided into; 8i) Marshalling yards for formation and breaking up of trains. ii) Transshipment of all goods at break of gauge and that of smalls from one wagon to another on the same gauge termed as repackaging of small and (iii) Line Haul from originating to destination stations.
LUXURIOUS SERVICE TO THE TRAVELERSMaharaja Express
5.5 Additional Services Offered to Railway Employees Railways are the life line of the country. There are several opportunities for employment in the Railway. There are some additional services, which can be offered to railway employees once the communication network is in place. We suggest in this section that the same communication infrastructure can be used to. Provide telephone service to all railway employees. It no longer has to maintain a separate telephone network of its own. Each office can have fax machines attached to some of the computers and the same network that railways will developed to inter connect various offices, can be used to send and receive fax providing telephone service is easy. A VOIP based PBX can be bought from a company like CISCO and the existing telephone can be connected to this PBx, which can talk to telephone exchange of railways using the railways network. Additionally a microphone and speaker can be attached to every terminal and terminal and the need for a separate handset for telephone disappears. Providing fax service is even easier. A fax machine can be connected to a computer that is connected to the railway network and using existing technology, it can fax a documents to any other computer connected to the railways network. Conclusion At present service sector in India account for more than half of India's GDP. According to the data of the financial year 2006-07, the share of services, industry, and agriculture in India's GDP is 55.1 percent, 26.4 per cent, and 18.5 per cent respectively. Now the service sector accounts for more than half the GDP i.e. 51% makes a watershed in the evolution of the Indian economy and takes it closer to the fundamentals of a developing economy like India. In the development of service sector Indian Railways is in the unique position to become the backbone of information transport in India making India one of the best nations in terms of communication infrastructure. Indian Railways is in a dynamic phase of growth with new initiative planned to capitalise on the existing gains and moving steadier and closer to the large objective of offering world class services to national and it's rank and file.
5.6 Passenger services Indian Railways operates 8,702 passenger trains and transports around five billion annually across twenty-seven states and three union territories (Delhi, Pondicherry and Chandigarh). Sikkim is the only state not connected. Indian RailwaysIndian Airlines
The passenger division is the most preferred form of long distance transport in most of the country. In South India and North-East India however, buses are the preferred mode of transport for medium to long distance transport. A standard passenger train consists of eighteen coaches, but some popular trains can have up to twenty-four coaches. Coaches are designed to accommodate anywhere from eighteen to seventy-two passengers, but may actually accommodate many more during the holiday seasons and on busy routes. The coaches in use are vestibules, but some of these may be dummied on some trains for operational reasons. Freight trains use a large variety of wagons.Each coach has different accommodation class; the most popular being the sleeper class. Up to nine of these type coaches are usually coupled. Air conditioned coaches are also attached, and a standard train may have between three to five air-conditioned coaches.Overcrowding is the most widely faced problem with Indian Railways. In the holiday seasons or on long weekends, trains are usually packed more then their prescribed limit. Ticket-less travel which results in large losses for the IR is also an additional problem faced.Suburban RailMany cities have their own dedicated suburban networks to cater to commuters. Currently, suburban networks operate in Mumbai (Bombay), Chennai (Madras), Kolkata (Calcutta), Delhi, Hyderabad and Pune. Hyderabad and Pune do not have dedicated suburban tracks but share the tracks with long distance trains. New Delhi and Kolkata have their own metro networks namely the New Delhi Metro and the Kolkata metro respectively.Suburban trains that handle commuter traffic are usually fifteen coaches, with an electric multiple unit (EMU) at each end. The rakes in Mumbai run on direct current, while those elsewhere use alternating current. A standard coach is designed to accommodate ninety-six sitting passengers, but the actual number of passengers can easily double or triple with standees during rush hour.Mumbai's rail transport is jointly managed by the Central and Western Railways. It has three lines, one managed by the WR and other two managed by the Central Railway. The Kolkata metro has the administrative status of a zonal railway, though it does not come under the seventeen railway zones.
Freight
IR carry a huge variety of goods ranging from mineral ores, agricultural produce, petroleum, milk and vehicles. Ports and major urban areas have their own dedicated freight lines and yards. Many important freight stops have dedicated platforms and independent lines.Indian Railways makes 70% of its revenues and most of its profits from the freight sector, and uses these profits to cross-subsidise the loss-making passenger sector. However, competition from trucks which offer cheaper rates has seen a decrease in freight traffic in recent years. Since the 1990s, Indian Railways has switched from small consignments to larger container movement which has helped speed up its operations. Most of its freight earnings come from such rakes carrying bulk goods such as coal ,cement, foodgrains and iron oreIndian Railways also transports vehicles over long distances. Trucks that carry goods to a particular location are hauled back by trains saving the trucking company on unnecessary fuel expenses. Refrigerated vans are also available in many areas. The "Green Van" is a special type used to transport fresh food and vegetables. Recently Indian Railways introduced the special 'Container Rajdhani' or CONRAJ, for high priority freight. The highest speed notched up for a freight train is 100 km/h (62 mph) for a 4,700 ton load.5.7 Welfare, Development and Empowerment of WomenIR is the largest employer in the country with 13,28,199 employees of which 84,931 are women employees as on March 31, 2011. Due emphasis is laid on staff welfare by the Railways. Although, majority of the Railways staff welfare schemes and activities benefit both male and female employees, various initiatives are aimed at women employees and also women members of the employees families. Various privileges available to other women government servants are also available to women railway employees which include provision for grant of maternity leave, child care leave and special leave for promoting family welfare. Women with disabilities are eligible for grant of special allowance for childcare.A large number of staff welfare activities are financed through Staff Benefit Fund maintained on each Zonal Railway, with a specific outlay towards women empowerment activities. A separate amount has also been earmarked in the Staff Benefit Fund for grant of scholarships for higher education of girl child of railway employees. To improve working environment for the women employees, committees have been formed at various levels to address complaints relating to sexual harassment. A number of crches have been opened at workplaces/offices for the young children of employees and rest rooms for women employees. Handicraft centers and Manila Sanities operate under the Staff Benefit Fund Scheme in order to help women members of employees families in augmenting the family income by learning vocational skills like stitching, weaving, beauty culture, computer operating and making some stationery items required by the Railways.
Analysis and interpretation
6. Analysis & interpretation of the surveyTable no.1Table showing age of respondents
Age ( in years )No. Of respondentsPercentage
Below 203636
20 to 405151
40 to 6088
60 & above55
Total 100100
Source : Field survey
The above table shows that out of 100 respondents 36% of the respondents are aged below 20 years, 51% are between 20-40, 8% are between 40-60 years &5% of the respondents are aged 60 & above.
Table no.2Table showing classification on the basis of genderGender No. Of respondentsPercentage
Male8484
Female 1616
Total 100100
Source : Field survey
The above table shows that out of 100 respondents 84% respondents, are male and remaining 16% are female.
Table no.3Table showing Qualification of respondents Qualification:No. Of respondentsPercentage
Up to S.S.L.C1313
P.U.C3131
Degree 4242
Master degree 1414
Total 100100
Source: Field survey Qualification
The above table shows that out of 100 respondents 13% of the respondents qualification is up to S.S.L.C, 31% and 42% are degree and remaining 14% basses Master degree. Table no.4 Classification of respondents on the basis of OccupationOccupation:No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Agriculture66
Business88
Student4646
Employee 4040
Total 100100
Source : Field survey Occupation
The above table states that, out of 100 respondents 6% of the respondents occupation is Agriculture, 8% business,46% are students & remaining 40% are Employees
Table No:5Marital status No. Of respondents% of respondents
Married 2424
Unmarried 7676
Total 100100
Table showing Marital status of respondents.
Source: Field survey
The above table shows that out of 100 Respondents, 24% of the respondents are married and remaining 76% are unmarried
Table no.6Monthly Income (in Rs.)No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Below-100004747
10000-200002727
20000-300001414
30000-Above1212
Total 100100
Classification of respondents on the basis of Monthly Income
Source: Field survey
The above table clearly state that out of 100 respondents,47% o peoples income is less than 10000, 27% of 10000-20000, 14% of 20000-30000,and remaining 12% of respondents earns above30000.
Table no.7Table showing opinion of respondents regarding regularly of travel in Indian railways OpinionNo.. Of respondentsPercentage
Yes5858
No4242
Total 100100
Surce: Field survey
The above table shows that out of 100 respondents, 58% of respondents travel regularly in Railways & 42% are irregular travelers ,i.e they travel through railways occasionally.
Table no.8Classification of respondents on the basis of opinion on long distance travel in Railway.Opinion.No. Of respondentsPercentage
Yes 4848
No 5252
Total 100100
Source :Field survey
The table is clearly shows that out of 100 respondent, 48% of travelers travel long distance and 52% travel short distance.
Table no.9Table showing Mode of reservation Prefer Mode of Reservation No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Online 2525%
Personal visit 7575%
Total 100100%
Source : Field survey
The above table shows the out of 100 respondents, reserve their seats through online, and remaining 75% of them reserve in personally.
Table No:10Table showing classification on the basis of easy to book tickets onlineOpinion No. Of respondents% of respondents
Yes1663
No 937
Total 25100%
Source : Field survey
The above table shows that out of 25 respondents, who prefer 63% of them are of the opinion that online reservation is easy, and 37% opinioned that is difficult.
Table no.11Table showing opinion of respondents regarding conveniency of personal booking Opinion No. Of respondents Percentage
Yes 7777
No 2323
Total 100100%
Source :Field survey
The above table clearly shows that out of 100 Respondents, 77% of the respondent feel convenient to book ticket personally, and 23% feel inconvenient.
Table No.12Table showing opinion regarding behavior of staff in davanagere branch Opinion No. Of respondentsPercentage
Satisfied 7575
Dissatisfied 2525
Total 100100
Source: Field survey Behavior of staff in davanagere branch
From the above table it is clear that out of 100 respondents, 75% of the respondents are satisfied with the behavior of staff at davanagere branch, and 25% are dissatisfied.
Table no.13Table showing reliability of Tickets fares. Opinion No. Of respondentsPercentage
Yes7979
No 2121
Total 100100%
Source :Field survey
The above table shows that out of 100 respondents, 79 % of respondents says ticket fares are reliable to pay , and remaining21% of respondents is says that it is costly.
Table no.14Classification of respondents on the basis of Opinion of Railway seats.
Opinion No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Excellent 1414
Comfortable 3838
Not bad3636
Un comfortable1111
Total 100100
Source : Field survey
The above table is clearly defined railway seats are comfortable to travel. Out of 100 respondent they shows their behavior 14% of excellent,38% of comfortable, 36% not bad and remaining 11% of passengers uncomfortable to travel in railways. Table no.15Factors No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Safety 3232
Reliable 4040
Convenient 2424
Others 00
Total 100100
Table showing factor influencing to prefer railway transport
Source : Field Survey
The above table clearly state that out of 100 respondents, 32% of peoples are chose for safety,40% of reliable price, and remaining 24% because of convenient
Table no.16Table showing classification on the basis of Opinion of Railway fare.Opinion
No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Very high 66%
High 1414%
Reasonable 4949%
Low 3131%
Total 100100%
Source: Field Survey
The above table is clearly shows that opinion about railway fare .Out of 100%,6% of the respondents opinioned that the fare is very high, 14% high, 49% reasonable and 31% respondents opinion regarding railway fare is low.
Table no.17Table showing satisfaction level of Performance of Indian Railways Opinion No.. Of respondentsPercentage
Yes 6161
No 3939
Total 100100%
Source : Field Survey
From the above is cleared that out of 100 respondents ,61% of respondents are satisfied with performance of Indian railway and remaining 39% of respondents are not satisfied.
Table no.18Table showing opinion on satisfaction of services provided by davanagere branch. Opinion No. Of respondentsPercentage
Yes 6060
No 4040
Total 100100%
Source: Field Survey
On the above table is clear that out of 100% 60 % of respondents are satisfied with service provided by Indian Railway in davanagere and remaining 40%of people are dissatisfied with railways in davanagere.
MAJOUR FINDING AND SUGESSION CONCLUTION
Finding, Suggestions And ConclusionOn the basis of the survey, it is observed that the majority of Respondents have expressed their attitude towards Indian Railway. But some of them have given Suggestion to improve of Indian Railway services.7.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS:1. As per the survey majority of respondents are aged 20-40.2. Consumer survey shows 84% of respondent were male and 16% will male both users.3. Survey shows out of 100 respondents 42%of respondents are degree 4. Majority Respondents of are the students (46%) as per table (4).5. The survey shows majority of respondents are 76% of unmarried. As per table no (5).6. Majority of respondents 47% of monthly income is less than 10000.7. Out of 100 Respondents 58% of travelers travels regularly and remaining travel through railway occasionally.8. As per the survey conducted majority of respondents travels short distance.9. Majority of respondents 75% of respondents reserve tickets personally.10. Out of 25% of respondent are book their ticket through Online and they says 63% of reservation of tickets are easy and remaining 37% is difficult to reserve through.11. Majority of respondents 77% are convenient to book personally.12. Travelers are Opinioned that davanagere railway dept staffs behavior is satisfied.13. Majority of respondents 79% of respondents are agree that ticket fares are reliable.14. As per survey conducted out of 100 respondent 38% of respondents agree railway seats are comfortable to travel.15. Survey shows out of 100 respondent 49% of respondent are says that railway fare is reasonable.16. As per survey shows out of 100 respondents 61% of respondents are satisfied with performance of Indian Railways..17. As per survey shows out of 100 respondents 61% of respondents are satisfied with performance of Indian Railway.
Suggestion Improve the quality of service. Build double track in overall India. Supply quality of catering service. Much is still to be done in improving transportation systems and not just in efficiency. There are overriding concerns that are more important than efficiency and cost. With established systems in place step changes in the transportation system are unlikely. Much of the world does not have access to personal transportation. Much research and development is required to improve access, improve utility and bring down cost. Maintain toilets cleanliness. Provide more and more services to travelers who come with Indian railways . Reduce ticket fares.
ConclusionFrom the study, we can derive the following conclusion about the Indian Railways .1. Indian railways are familiar to overall transportation system in the world. Most of the people who were surveyed, 47% of people are using railways transportation 2. Indian railways plays a major role in the transportation system and it is called as railway transportation is backbone of service sector.3. Indian railway is one of the reasonable transportation system in India. Finally it is conclude that Railway is a king of transportation, it serves service to the travelers so that it can enjoy enhanced popularity, and huge profit in the world
Annexure QuestionnaireBibliography
QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Sir /Madam,I am AMJAD S K student of final year B.B.M. in A.R.G .college of Arts and Commerce Davanagere at Davanagere University. As a part of our curriculum, I have undertaken the project entitled PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWARDS INDIAN RAILWAY (RAILWAY DEPARTMENT IN DAVANAGERE). I kindly request you to spend a few minutes to answer the following questions accurately as possible. The information provided by you will be used for only academic purpose. I hope you will co-operate for this.
Thanking you. Yours faithfully (AMJAD.S. K)1. Name: ________________________________
1. Address : ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________ Contact No _______________________________
3 Age Group:
a) 0-20 [ ] b) 20-40 [ ]c) 40-60 [ ] d) 60& above [ ]
4. Gender a)Male [ ] d)Female [ ]
5. Qualification: a)S S L C [ ] b)P.U.C [ ] c) Degree [ ] d)Master degree [ ]
6. Status:
a) Agriculture [ ] b) Business [ ] c) Student [ ] d) Employee [ ]
7. Marital status a) Married [ ] b)Unmarried [ ]
8. Monthly Income:
a) Below -10000 [ ] b) 10.000-20000 [ ]c) 20000-30000 [ ] d) 30000 & Above [ ]
9. Are you a regular traveler in Railways?
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
10. If yes. Are you a long distance traveler in Railways?
a) Yes [ ] b)No [ ]
11. How do you Reserve your seats in railway
a) Online [ ] b) Personal visit [ ]
12. If through Online is it easy to book tickets Online?
a) Easy [ ] b) difficult [ ]
13. Is it convenient to book tickets personally?
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
14. Are you satisfied with the behavior of the staff in Davanagere branch?
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
15. Do you think ticket fares are reliable? a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
16. What is your opinion about Railway seats? a) Excellent [ ] b) Comfortable [ ]
c) Not bad [ ] d) Un comfortable [ ]
17. What are the features that attracted you to choose this Railway transport?a) Safety [ ] b) Reliable Price [ ]
c) Convenient [ ] d) other
18. What is your Opinion about the Railway fare? a) Very high [ ] b) High [ ]
c) Reasonable [ ] d) Low [ ]
19. Are you satisfied with the performance of Indian Railways? a) Yes [ ]b) No [ ]If no, in what respect?
a) Catering service [ ]b) Reservation [ ]
c) Maintenance [ ]d)Others
20. Are you satisfied with the service provided by the INDIAN RAILWAY in DAVANGERE Branch? a)Yes [ ] b)No [ ]
21. Are you satisfied with overall service provided by Indian Railways?a) Satisfactory
