CURSO INTERMEDIÁRIO E AVANÇADO 1 COMPLETO … AVANCADO/Modules 7-10.pdf · SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS ... PASSIVE VOICE WORD ORDER ... We didn’t refuse to help our old

CURSO INTERMEDIÁRIO E AVANÇADO 1 COMPLETO

DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

Intermediate 1: 80h/a



Advanced 1: 120h/a

Carga horária total: 360h/a

PROF. GUILHERME ARAÚJO

LICENCIADO EM LETRAS-INGLÊS

PELA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ

LANGUAGE COURSE

INTRODUCING OF THE INTERMEDIATE AND ADVANCED 1 COURSES

(Para pessoas que já concluíram o curso Básico de Língua Inglesa no Centro

Científico Conhecer ou em outra Instituição voltado ao ensino profissionalizante

de idiomas)

1. OBJECTIVE: O curso tem como principal objetivo a satisfação do aluno no

que diz respeito ao aprendizado da língua inglesa na modalidade em EAD

(Educação á Distância) nesta metodologia educacional o seu professor é

apenas um mediador de aprendizagem, acesse diariamente o Facebook do

professor, tire as suas dúvidas, interaja com seus colegas. Use as

ferramentas, que o ambiente lhe oferece como as páginas de recados

(fórum), vídeos, fotos e sugestões de sites, isso é EAD!

Assim o aluno terá conteúdo à leitura, escrita e fala do idioma.

2. METHODOLOGY: Usamos um conteúdo de estudo individualizado que

busca formar alunos autodidatas, capazes de aprender por si só a Língua

inglesa. Desta maneira são formadas pessoas disciplinadas, autoconfiantes,

capazes de enfrentar desafios, superar obstáculos e atingir a sua meta.

Respeitamos a individualidade e ritmo de cada aluno. Não existe mágica. O

que existe é o compromisso do aluno com a sua própria aprendizagem.

Oferecemos um material didático auto-instrutivo, que permite ao aluno

desenvolver as atividades com a mínima interação do tutor e avançar para

conteúdos mais complexos, assim que se sentir preparado para tal.

3. CONTEÚDO: O curso Intermediário e Avançado 1 completo é composto

por 10 módulos, sendo que cada módulo consta de três aulas tendo no total

30 aulas dividido em:

INTERMEDIATE 1: 2 MODULES: 6 LESSONS



ADVANCED 1: 4 MODULES: 12 LESSONS

Obs.: Chegando ao fim de cada módulo constará em exercícios de revisão e no fim

do curso constará uma avaliação escrita e oral.

Dúvidas e Perguntas ao professor acessem o Nosso FACEBOOK!

EMENTA DO CURSO INTERMEDIATE AND ADVANCED 1 DE LÍNGUA

INGLESA

READING, LISTENING AND WRITING

INTERMEDIATE 1: 80H/A

MODULES: 1 AND 2 = 6 LESSONS

ADVERBS 1

SIMPLE PRESENT

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

REPORTED SPEECH

REVISION WITH TEXTS



ADVERBS 2

SIMPLE PAST

THERE WAS/THERE WERE

SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT

PASSIVE VOICE

WORD ORDER

FALSOS COGNATOS

REVISION WITH TEXTS



CONJUNCTIONS

SIMPLE FUTURE

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

SIMPLE CONDITIONAL

IF/WHETHER

PHRASAL VERBS I

PHRASAL VERBS II

THE IMPERATIVE/THE INFINITIVE

MANY/MUCH/FWE/LITTLE

REVISION WITH TEXTS

ADVANCED: 120H/A

MODULES: 7, 8, 9, 10 = 12 LESSONS

ALSO/TOO/EITHER/NEITHER/BOTH

RELATIVE CLAUSES

RELATIVE CLAUSES

THE POSSESSIVE CASE

HAD BETTER/WOULD RATHER

ANOMALOUS VERBS 1

ANOMALOUS VERBS 2

THE GERUND

READING AND COMPREHENSION

ORAL PRODUCTION

LISTENING PRODUCTION

WRITTEN PRODUCTION

MODULES 11 AND 12 - TOEFL PREPARATION

Leitura

Prática Auditiva

Conversação

Escrita

Simulado

AVALIAÇÃO FINAL

A AVALIAÇÃO FINAL PARA O CURSO AVANÇADO CONSTARÁ:

1ª NOTA: UMA AVALIAÇÃO ESCRITA COM TODO O ASSUNTO

PROPOSTO NOS MÓDULOS 7 ,8,9 E 10.

2ª NOTA: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DE AUDIO.

3ª NOTA: UMA AVALIAÇÃO DE PRONUNCIA COM UM DIÁLOGO

GRAVADO NO WINDOWS MOVIE MAKER.

4ª NOTA: UMA AVALIAÇÃO COM UMA PRODUÇÃO ESCRITA.

1ª NOTA: Nota Máxima 10,0.

2ª NOTA: Nota Máxima 5,0



A MÉDIA SERÁ DIVIDIVA PELO RESULTADO DE PONTOS DAS

QUATRO AVALIAÇÕES.

30/3 = 10,0.

CURSO BÁSICO COMPLETO: 240H/A

CURSO INTERMEDIÁRIO E AVANÇADO 1 COMPLETO: 360H/A

CBC+CIA1: 240+360=600 H/A.

CURSO DE INGLÊS COMPLETO: 600H/A

NOTA: Aos alunos que desejam cursar os Níveis Intermediário e Avançado 1 que

não sejam alunos do Centro Científico Conhecer que não tenham em mãos o

certificado do Curso Básico de 240h/a precisam enviar uma cópia por Scanner do

Certificado Básico de Inglês de pelo menos 200h/a no ato da Matrícula ao Centro

Científico Conhecer.

PROFESSOR GUILHERME ARAÚJO

LICENCIADO: LETRAS-INGLÊS

PELA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ

Contatos: e-mail: [email protected]

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100006474848820

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100006474848820

MODULE 7: ADVANCED

LESSON 1: ALSO/TOO/EITHER/NEITHER/BOTH

LESSON 2: RELATIVE CLAUSES

LESON 3: RELATIVE CLAUSES

DICAS PARA UM MELHOR DESENVOLVIMENTO.

Translate on line: Você coloca o texto em inglês, seleciona 'de inglês para

português', clica e traduzir e terá texto em português –

http://www.tiosam.com/dicionarioENPT.asp

Pronounce on line: http://pt.forvo.com/word/online/

Diciotionary on line: Dicionário inglês Português - digite a palavra e

obtenha a tradução para o português - http://oxforddictionaries.com/

http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php

http://www.tiosam.com/dicionarioENPT.asp

http://pt.forvo.com/word/online/

http://oxforddictionaries.com/

http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php

TEXT

Dear Helen,

Thank you for applauding the teacher who refuses to allow her students to pass out

party invitations unless the entire class is invited. (You wisely said, “The pain of having

been left out will remain with those few uninvited children long after the fun has been

forgotten by those who attend.”) How true!

That letter revived some painful memories for me. I once had a gym teacher who made

a practice of appointing “captains” ---- her pets, who in turn would choose up teams. Of

course, the most popular kids and the best athletes were always chosen first. Being

neither popular nor a good athlete, I was always the last to be chosen. I was and

inferiority complex, convinced that I was unwanted, hopelessly inept and a born laser.

Please print this, Helen, in case some gym teachers are still using this cruel system.

PAINFUL MEMORIES

DEAR PAINFUL: Consider it done. Your letter jarred some memories of my own

school days. Gym teachers, are you listening?

Questions:

1. De quem se queixa a remetente da carta? Com que nome ela se identifica?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. De que a remetente da carta se queixa?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

3. O que acontecia com “Painful Memories” durante a escalação do time?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

4. Em sua opinião, onde trabalha Helen e qual é a sua função?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

VOCABULARY ESSENTIAL – TRANSLATE

To refuse to attend

To allow once

To pass out gym teacher

Unless pets

To invite in turn

Wisely neither…nor

To be left out no wonder

Long after unwanted

Fun to jar

How true! Own

TRANSLATE THE TEXT

MODULE 7: ADVANCED

GRAMMAR FOCUS

LESSON 1: ALSO/TOO/EITHER/NEITHER/BOTH

ALSO, TOO

TOO = também, demais.

USOS:

1. No final de frases afirmativas e interrogativas:

“Paulo was invited to the party, too.”

“Does she play volleyball, too?”

2. Entre vírgulas, após o sujeito da frase:

“We, too, have our painful memories.”

“Shirley, too, was one of the last athletes to be appointed.”

3. Antes de adjetivos e advérbios:

“You reacted too wisely for an amateur.”

“This is too good to be true.”

ALSO = também

USOS:

1. Antes de verbos principais:

“The kids also want to remain in the gym.”

“Your parents also hope that you’ll visit them.”

2. Depois de verbos auxiliares:

“The gym teacher was also a pianist.”

“I am also a hopeful law-abiding citizen.”

EITHER, NEITHER, BOTH

EITHER: também; nenhum (a); qualquer um (a)

USOS:

1. No final de frases negativas:

“Helena doesn’t play polo, either.”

2. Em frases afirmativas, indicando uma escolha entre dois elementos:

“Choose either of these two students for the game.”

3. Em frases negativas, indicando uma escolha entre dois elementos:

“Don’t choose either of these two students for the game.”

NEITHER = nenhum

USOS:

1. Somente em frases afirmativas, indicando uma escolha entre dois elementos:

“Print neither of these two articles.”

EITHER…OR… = ou…ou…/ nem…nem…

1. Em frases afirmativas ou negativas:

“Print either this article or that one.”

“Don’t print either this article or that one.”

NEITHER…NOR… = nem…nem…

1. Somente em frases afirmativas:

“Print neither this article nor that one.”

BOTH= ambos (as)

USO:

Em frases afirmativas e interrogativas:

“Here you are two articles. Print both.”

“Did you write both articles?”

STRUCTURES:

1. BOTH + OF+ (THE) + NOUN/OBJECT PRONOUN

“Both of the articles were written by me.”

“Both of them were written by me.”

2. BOTH…AND…

“Print both the article and their corresponding photos.”

EXERCISES:

1. Modify the sentences:

Example: a) That organization helps children in need, too.

b) That organization also helps children in need.

My sister is a caring person.

a) ________________________________________________________

b) ________________________________________________________

I was as a sponsor for that development program.

a) ________________________________________________________

b) ________________________________________________________

He’s fought against his desease for more than 18 years.

a) _______________________________________________________

b) _______________________________________________________

2. Repeat of the examples:

Jaqueline and Daniela don’t like violent movies. (we)

We don’t like them either.

a) We didn’t refuse to help our old friends. (my uncle).

__________________________________________________________

b) Larissa hasn’t told Beatriz about her new boyfriend. (we)

__________________________________________________________

c) He doesn’t buy white flowers as a rule. (they).

__________________________________________________________

3. Repeat of the example:

Do you want coffee or chocolate?

a) Either. I don’t mind.

b) I don’t want either.

c) I don’t want either coffee or chocolate.

d) Neither.

e) I want neither coffee nor chocolate.

1. Do you like to read prose or poetry?

a) ________________________________________________________

b) ________________________________________________________

c) ________________________________________________________

d) ________________________________________________________

e) ________________________________________________________

2. Will you buy books or magazines?

a) ________________________________________________________

b) _______________________________________________________

c) _______________________________________________________

d) _______________________________________________________

e) _______________________________________________________

3. Would you choose samba or rock-and- roll?

a) _______________________________________________________

b) _______________________________________________________

c) _______________________________________________________

d) _______________________________________________________

e) _______________________________________________________

4. Modify the sentences and follow the example:

a) Suzana likes music. Bete likes music, too.

Both Suzana and Antonieta like music.

Both of them like music.

b) Suzana doesn’t sing. Bête doesn’t sing, either.

Neither of them sing.

c) Suzana did not call. Suzana did not write.

Suzana (She) did not either call or write.

Suzana (she) neither called nor wrote.

1. I don’t speak German. Paula doesn’t speak German, either.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. The kids did not change. The kids did not improve.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

3. Sarah plays the piano. Alex plays the piano, too.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

4. Luís doesn’t drive. His brother doesn’t drive, either.

_______________________________________________________________

5. Rodrigo will not rest. Rodrigo will not sleep.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

6. Books help you learn. Movies help you learn, too.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

7. I hope you feel well. Claudia hopes you feel well, too.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

8. You’re not a good reader. You’re not a good observer.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

GRAMMAR FOCUS

LESSON 2: RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO/WHICH

“Marissa, who first met Max when they started working together…”

PESSOA – WHO (função de sujeito) – VERBO – COMPLEMENTO.

“The lady who owns this house is very friendly.”

“Rodrigo, who is my best friend, is a chemical engineer.”

“The oranges which were here simply disappeared.”

ANIMAL OU COISA – WHICH (função de sujeito) – VERBO – COMPLEMENTO.

“Mariana has a dog which is called Flash.”

EXERCISES:

1. Complete the sentences with the relative pronoun:

a) Man must stop destroying the things _______ mean his own survival.

b) Nobody has seen the burglar _________ broke in the store.

c) We are acquainted with some people ________ live in London.

d) People _______ live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.

e) I’ve never seen the old man ________ lives next door smiling.

f) Animal ________ can be seen at this zoo are generally imported from Asia or

Africa.

g) The cigarettes _______ Dad smokes are considered to be light.

h) She’s never heard the music _________ pianist played last night.

2. United the sentences with the words in the square:

They love horse races

She tells funny stories

We attended it yesterday

She lives next door to us

Who greets me

It is very common in India

a) The ceremony __________________________________ was very enjoyable.

b) Evelyn is the lady ______________________________ to the children.

c) The Sennas were friendly guys _______________________________.

d) Child marriage, ___________________________, is not an ordinary habit in

America.

e) We happen to know the window ________________________________.

f) I love the child ______________________________ every morning on the

street where I live.

GRAMMAR FOCUS

LESON 3: RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHOM, WHO, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE

“The man whom Carlos visited last week is his uncle.”

PESSOA – WHOM/WHO (função de objeto) – SUJEITO – VERBO –

COMPLEMENTO.

“Rodolfo is the man whom/Who we want to reward.”

“Joana, whom/who everybody knows well, is sick.”

WHICH

“The magazines which we bought yesterday were very good.”

PESSOA – WHICH (função de objeto) – SUJEITO – VERBO – COMPLEMENTO.

“The house, which Jane appreciated very much, is old.

THAT

“The teacher that we wanted to see is Mrs. Oliveira.”

PESSOA – ANIMAL – COISA – ACONTECIMENTO – THAT (quando estes

pronomes não estiverem entre vírgulas – Who/which (função de sujeito);

Whom/Who/Which (função de objeto) – SEQUENCIA COMPLEMENTAR.

Ex: “The lady Who/that owns this house is very friendly.”

“The oranges which/that were here simply disappeared.”

“Rodolfo is the man whom/who/that we want to reward.”

“The magazines which/that we bought yesterday were very good.”

“Rodrigo, WHO is my best friend, is alchemical engineer.”

USO PREFERENCIAL:

EVERYTHING ANYBODY

ALL SOMEBODY

THE FIRST “She told me everything that she about you.”

THE LAST “It was the best book that we had ever read.”

THE ONLY

WHOSE

“I know a man whose job is making monuments.”

PESSOA, COISA, ANIMAL, ACONTECIMENTO – SUBSTANTIVO – VERBO –

COMPLEMENTO.

Obs: Não é substituível por THAT.

“Vanessa, whose behavior is remarkable, studies very hard.”

The bird whose wing is hurt is a swallow.”

EXERCISES:

1. Choose one of the following relative pronouns who, which or whose from the

dropdown menu.

1) I talked to the girl ________ car had broken down in front of the shop.

2) Mr Richards, __________ is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.

3) We often visit our aunt in Norwich _______ is in East Anglia.

4) This is the girl ________ comes from Spain.

5) That's Peter, the boy _______ has just arrived at the airport.

6) Thank you very much for your e-mail _______ was very interesting.

7) The man, ____ father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.

8) The children, _______ shouted in the street, are not from our school.

9) The car, __________ driver is a young man, is from Ireland.

10) What did you do with the money _______ your mother lent you?

2. Relative Pronouns (who / which / whose)

Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

This is the bank_______ was robbed yesterday.

A boy ________ sister is in my class was in the bank at that time.

The man ______ robbed the bank had two pistols.

He wore a mask _______ made him look like Mickey Mouse.

He came with a friend _______ waited outside in the car.

The woman ________ gave him the money was young.

The bag ______ contained the money was yellow.

The people ______ were in the bank were very frightened.

A man _______ mobile was ringing did not know what to do.

A woman _______ daughter was crying tried to calm her.

The car _______ the bank robbers escaped in was orange.

The robber ________ mask was obviously too big didn't drive.

The man ______ drove the car was nervous.

He didn't wait at the traffic lights ________ were red.

A police officer ______ car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them.

Subject Pronouns or Object Pronouns?

Decide whether the relative pronoun is a subject pronoun or an object pronoun.

1. Do you know the girl who I danced with? -

2. Do you know the girl who danced with me? -

3. The apples that are lying on the table are bad. -

4. The apples that we bought in the shop are bad. -

5. We will stay at a hotel which is not far from the beach. -

6. We will stay at a hotel which my friend has recommended to us.

7. That is a museum which I like very much. -

8. That is a museum which lies in the heart of the town.

9. This is the man who Barbara visited in Scotland.

10. This is the man who lives in Scotland.

Complete the sentences using relative clauses. Use who and which.

A Scot is a person (live in Scotland) ________________________

Nessie is a monster (live in Loch Ness) _____________________

A fridge is a thing (keep food cool) _____________________________

A DJ is someone (play music in a disco) _________________________

A bee is an insect (make honey) ________________________________

A lemon is a fruit (be yellow and sour) __________________________

A watch is a thing (tell the time) ________________________________

A ferry is a ship (carry people across the water) ____________________

A shop assistant is someone (work in a shop) ______________________

A key is a thing (can open and lock doors)_______________________

TEXT

SAN FRANCISCO

The area had long been inhabited by native Americans, the Ohlone (meaning “people of

the west”) before the first Spanish immigrants came to settle in this part of the country.

After the Mexican-American War, the small town became American territory, and when

the California gold rush started in 1848, the population increased enormously.

Nowadays San Francisco is famous especially for its cable car and the Golden Gate

Bridge.

The Golden Gate Bridge connects the city of San Francisco and San Francisco

Peninsula. It spans the Golden Gate, a strait between the Pacific Ocean and the San

Francisco Bay–that’s where the name Golden Gate Bridge comes from.

Construction on the bridge began in 1933 and was completed in 1937. The bridge rises

230 m above the water. With its total length of 1970 meters it was the longest

suspension bridge in the world until 1964. The bridge is part of the United States

Highway 101, has six lanes and a footpath on each side.

Exercise

Read the text again and complete the sentences according to the text.

San Francisco was inhabited by the Ohlone ____________________________.

In the 19th century there were many people in San Francisco__________________.

There is a bridge ____________________________________________________.

The bridge is used by people___________________________________________.

There is a strait called Golden Gate _____________________________________.

MODULE 8: ADVANCED

LESSON 1: THE POSSESSIVE CASE

LESSON 2: HAD BETTER/WOULD RATHER


THE POSSESSIVE CASE

‘S = Indica relação de posse, autoria, parentesco, etc.

USOS:

1. Na transformação do modelo COISA POSSUÍDA + OF + POSSUIDOR, nos

seguintes casos:

Substantivos no singular, terminados em –S ou não:

The toys of Peter – Peter’s toy.

Substantivos no plural não terminados em –S:

The parents of the children – The children’s parents.

Substantivos compostos no singular:

The car of my brother-in-law – My brother-in-law’s car.

2. Com expressões de tempo no singular:

Next week’s meeting is confirmed.

Tomorrow’s holiday is very important.

I’ve got a week’s holiday.

3. Na trasnformação do modelo COISA POSSUÍDA + OF+ POSSUIDOR, no caso

de o possuidor ser substantivo no plural terminado em –s:

The room of the boys – The boys’ room.

4. Com expressões de tempo no plural:

She’s got three weeks’ Holiday.

5. Dois possuidores e uma só coisa possuída:

John and Mary’s wedding.

6. Dois possuidores e duas coisas possuídas:

John’s and mary’s houses.

7. Possessivo ampliado:

A friend of Ana’s.

8. A coisa possuída emitida:

We spent the night at Henry’s.

EXERCISES:

1. Example:

Whose cat is it? (my neighbour).

Correct answer:

It's my neighbour's cat.

3.

1. - Whose umbrella is it ? (the

teacher) .

2. - Whose bicycle is it ? (Old

MacDonald) .

3. - Whose guitar is it ?

(Frankie) .

4. - Whose watering-can is it ? (Aunt

Rosie) .

5. - Whose toys are they ? (your

children) .

6. - Whose marbles are they ? (these

boys) .

7. - Whose glasses are they ? (the

doctor) .

8. - Whose suitcases are they ? (an Italian

passenger) .

9. - Whose watches are they ? (our

friends) .

10. - Whose house is it ? (my

grandparents) .

11. - Whose guinea-pig is it ? (Alison's

brothers) .

Fill the gaps with the possessive case of nouns. Decide whether you have to use 's or an

of phrase.

The boy has a toy. → It's the ____________________.

Peter has a book. → It's_________________________ .

The magazine has my picture on its cover. → My picture is on __________________.

Our friends live in this house. → It's_______________________________________ .

There is milk in the glass. → It's ________________________________________.

This house has a number. → What is ____________________________________ ?

The walk lasts two hours. → It's ___________________________________________.

John has a sister, Jane. → Jane is__________________________________________ .

The film has a name, "Scream". → "Scream" is _______________________________ .

This school is for girls only. → It's a ________________________________________

Entry Test

Choose the proper item.

1. I’d like to know the _____ opinion about this item of news.

1) editor’s-in-chief 2) editor-in-chief’s 3) editor-in-chief

2. It’s his new _____ car.

1) sport’s 2) sports’ 3) sports

3. Jane took _____ bag instead of his own.

1) somebody’s else 2) somebody else 3) somebody else’s

4. _____ luggage was not well attended to.

1) A passengers’ 2) Passengers’ 3) Passenger’s

5. The students borrowed _____ notes.

1) each other’s 2) each’s other 3) each others’

6. It’s amazing what a _____ hotel can do to revive your spirits.

1) five stars’ 2) five-star 3) five-star’s

7. A woman stepped out from _____ and waved to us.

1) hairdresser 2) the hairdressers’ 3) the hairdresser’s

8. How many of ___ novels have you read?

1) Dicken’s 2) Dickens’ 3) Dickens

9. He was on his _____ walk to Berkley.

1) two mile’s 2) two-miles 3) two miles’

10. My _____ parents have decided to move to the country.

1) sister’s-in-law 2) sister-in-law’s 3) sister-in-law

11. It’s only _____ drive from the airport.

1) a twenty-minute 2) a twenty minutes’ 3) a twenty-minutes

12. Kate saw a fantastic article in _____ local paper.

1) the today’s 2) today’s 3) the today

13. Could you give me _____ worth of those apples?

1) a dollars’ 2) a dollar’s 3) dollar’s

14. There was a scratch on my _____.

1) car paintwork 2) car’s paintwork 3) paintwork of car

15. The most senior clergyman in the church of England is _____.

1) Canterbury’s Archbishop 2) the Archbishop of Canterbury 3) the Canterbury

Archbishop

Put the word combinations into the possessive form.

1) the clothes of the boys 16) the new tie of my friend Cyril

2) the club of the women 17) the crown of the King of England

3) the father of James 18) the visit of the President of Chile

4) my mother-in-law favourite flowers 19) the castle of Elizabeth the Second

5) the orders of the Commander-in-Chief 20) the famous shop of Fortnum and

Mason

6) the name of my sister-in-law 21) the holiday of my friend Dorris

7) the poems of Burns 22) the reforms of Peter the Great

8) the park of St James 23) a wrist-watch of a lady or a gentleman

9) the countries of Caesar and Cleopatra 24) the favourite of the boss

10) the wedding of William and Mary 25) the bedroom of my mum and dad

11) the hats of ladies 26) the garden of their grandparents

12) the stories told by Mary and Jack 27) the names of other schoolchildren

13) the toys of the children 28) the fault of somebody else

14) the law of Archimedes 29) beliefs of other people

15) the typist of Mr. Sims 30) the partnership of Smith, Wilson and Nelson

Rewrite these sentences using ’s, s’, or just an apostrophe (’).

1. This bicycle is for a child. 6. This is a club for women.

2. This pen belongs to the teacher. 7. It’s a school for girls.

3. He describes the career of the actress. 8. This is the lounge for residents.

4. That is a job for a stewardess. 9. This umbrella belongs to James.

5. The toys belong to the children. 10. That hat belongs to Doris.

Complete these sentences using the appropriate possessive form.

1. The bike that belongs to my neighbour’s children is my __________ bike.

2. The prices we have this year are called __________.

3. The scheme sponsored by the Duke of Edinburgh is known as __________.

4. A drive of two hours is called __________.

5. The office where the managing director works is known as __________.

6. The car that belongs to my sister-in-law is called __________.

7. The paper I read yesterday can be referred to as __________.

8. A school for boys is called __________.

9. A rest for five minutes is called __________.

10. The union that represents railway men is ___________.

11. The law, which was formulated by a man called Murphy, is known as __________.

12. A trip that lasted two days is called __________.

13. He walked for five kilometers, so he covered __________ distance.

14. The home where the nurses live is called __________.

15. The car, which belongs to Mr. Brown’s wife, is __________.

16. The special offer that is valid for this month is called __________.

17. The changing room used by women is called __________.

18. A break of fifteen minutes is called __________.

19. He paid twenty dollars for book, he had __________ of books.

20. John and Dorris celebrated their silver wedding, it was __________.

Complete the sentences by adding apostrophe or apostrophe s (‘s) to the noun group in

brackets.

1. This is my __________ house. (parents)

2. You know John? He’s __________ father. (David and Neil)

3. I borrowed __________ bike. (Lewis)

4. I’ll be staying at my __________. (uncle and aunt)

5. That looks like __________ car. (John and Jean)

6. Could you give me __________ address? (Charles)

7. You need __________ rest. (a couple of days)

8. We usually have __________ holiday in summer. (two weeks)

9. Did you see the cartoon in __________ newspaper? (yesterday)

10. Are you coming to my __________ party? (brother-in-law)

11. __________ versions of the event seemed different. (Mr. Smith and Mr. Sims)

12. There’s a new __________ surgery on the corner of Greenford Street. (Dr. Brown)

13. The company manufactures low cost __________ uniforms. (nurses)

14. Don’t get involved into __________ problems. (other people)

15. __________ reign lasted for 45 years. (Elizabeth the First)

Make two noun groups from each set of words. Comment on the use of ’s and an of-

group.

Model: John’s arm; the arm of the chair

1) the policy: full employment, the company

2) the style: my favourite author, the 1930s

3) the place: language education, women

4) ideas: modern physics, my sons

5) rules: the club, football

6) the file: your secretary, legal documents

7) the view: the committee, the lake

8) the head: the cat, the queue

9) the arm: the chair, John

10) the story: Helen, the Civil War

11) the bed: the stream, the patient

12) the coat: the witness, snow

13) the atmosphere: the earth, mutual trust

14) the family: languages, my friend

15) the house: cards, my uncle Sam and aunt Grace

Use ’s or s’ with these nouns where possible. Make up sentences with these word

combinations.

1) a delay of an hour 14) the new manager of the company

2) a journey of two days 15) the car of Mike's parents

3) the shade of the tree 16) the birthday of my father

4) the book of the film 17) the toys of the children

5) the inside of the box 18) the results of the football match

6) the price of the success 19) the new manager of the school

7) work of seven days 20) the War of a Hundred Years

8) the surface of the earth 21) the work of a whole day

9) an absence of a year 22) in the time of a week or two

10) the top of the page 23) the second meeting of the committee

11) the eyes of the cat 24) the climate of Scotland

12) the daughter of Charles 25) the oldest mountains in the world

13) the name of the street

Combine the following words combinations, using ’s or an of-group.

Model: the club – its monthly meeting --- the club’s monthly meeting

1) the club – its monthly meeting 16) the French Revolution – its results

2) his parents – their car 17) the patients – their complaints

3) the world – its end 18) one of our teachers at college – her house

4) the trees – the highest branches 19) the judge – his opinion

5) the bank – its branch in Paris 20) Keats – a copy of his poetry

6) my family – its name 21) the box – its bottom

7) my suitcase – its lock 22) the committee – its decision

8) the town – its atmosphere 23) Mary and James – their cars

9) your office – its floor 24) those people we met in Spain – their address

10) our company – its best sales manager 25) London – its museums

11) next week – its timetable 26) the government – their intentions

12) the police force – its main problem 27) former president John F. Kennedy – his

brother

13) last night – its party 28) children – for their sake

14) today – its news 29) the man in the corner – his dog

15) your test – its results 30) sheep – their wool

If you want to buy some food you go to the grocer’s. Where do you go if you want to do

the following?

1) have you teeth examined – go to the __________ 6) buy some meat – go to the

__________

2) have your eyes examined – go to the _________ 7) get you hair cut – go to the

__________

3) buy some medicine – go to the __________ 8) buy some flowers – go to the

__________

4) buy some screws and nails – go to the _________ 9) have clothes cleaned – go

to the __________

5) buy some vegetables – go to the __________ 10) buy a newspaper – go to the

__________

Answer the questions, using the possessive case of the nouns.

1. Where do you buy bread, milk and meat? 6. Where can you have your hair cut and

made?

2. Where can you have your watch repaired? 7. Where can you buy cigarettes?

3. Where can you have your dress made? 8. Where can you buy sweets and cookies?

4. Where can you order a new suit? 9. Where can you find out about your holidays?

5. Where can you have your prescription made? 10. Where can you buy cakes and

biscuits?

Choose one expression from each pair to fill in the blanks in the verse from a greeting

card.

(Life’s troubles/ Troubles of life) can sometimes leave us with a frown,

And the (each day’s worries/ worries of each day) can get us down;

But this (morning special of news/ morning’s special news) is here

To make all the (world’s problems/ problems of the world) disappear;

Because of one (love’s woman/ woman’s love), we can say

Thanks and best wishes to you on this (Mother Day/ Mother’s Day).

Correct any possible mistakes in the following sentences.

1. There was a chair near the library’s secretary desk.

2. Mr. Brown was satisfied with the results of Tom and Nick’s visit.

3. I think we ought to drink dear James’ health, and the health of Charles’ wife.

4. I’m not good at other peoples’ affairs.

5. They had found refreshments over the way at Brown’s and Smith’s.

6. I’m really fed up with my landlord’s wife’s complaints about noise.

7. My brother’s-in-law parents have decided to emigrate.

8. It’s not my bag, it’s somebody else.

9. There was a two minute’s wait while the computer started.

10. Janice decided to open a shop specializing in childrens’ clothes.

GRAMMAR FOCUS



Há duas expressões comuns em inglês que expressam conselho e preferência.

A primeira é had better, que pode ser traduzida como “é melhor”, “seria melhor”

e é usada para indicar que se alguém não fizer o que foi sugerido, algo ruim

pode (might) acontecer. Veja alguns exemplos:

“You‘d better study harder for the Spanish test if you want to pass.”

“I’ll get the reports ready by noon.”

“You’d better!”

“I’d better go to bed, I have to get up real early tomorrow.”

GRAMMAR FOCUS



Fazemos a negativa colocando a palavra not depois do better.

“You’d better not do that.”

Podemos expressar preferência com a expressão would rather.

“The weather is lousy. I’d rather stay home than go out, I don’t want to get wet.”

“He’d rather have lunch at home than at work.”

Would rather e had better são seguidos do infinitivo do verbo principal sem a

preposição to.

“He would rather stay here.”

“He had better take an aspirin.”

Would rather('d rather) expressa preferência no presente. Tem o mesmo sentido

do verbo prefer.

“She would rather take a taxi.”

“She prefers to take a taxi.”

Had better('d better) expressa conselho, recomendação.

“You look sick. You'd better see a doctor.”

As formas interrogativas e negativas fazem-se do seguinte modo:

Would rather

Interrogative form: Would she rather take a taxi?

Negative form: She would rather not take a taxi.

Had better

Interrogative form: Had you better eat this apple?

Negative form: You'd better not eat this apple.

Para indicar preferência entre duas alternativas, ambas expressas, usa-se than:

“She would rather take a taxi than a bus.”

EXERCISES:

1. Complete each sentence using would rather or had better

Sara : 'Good morning, dear ! You __________ get up. You will be late !'

Peter : 'Good morning ! I __________ stay in my bed.'

Sara : 'You __________ go to the bathroom'.

Peter : ' Today, at breakfast, I __________ eat bread, butter and honey'.

Sara : 'No, dear, you are too fat, you __________ eat two rusks and an apple'.

Peter : 'I __________ drink coffee with some cream'.

Sara : 'No, dear, you __________ drink only green tea'.

Sara : 'Oh, dear, it's raining, you __________ walk'.

Sara : ' You __________ give me a kiss and leave'.

Peter : 'I __________ go on holiday far away without my wife ! It would be great!'

And, we think, Peter __________ be single !

2. Type rather or better into the box.

You'd __________ stay here until the storm passes.score

I'd __________ work outside than have to be in an office all day.score

Would you _________ wait until you've had longer to think about it?score

We'd ____________ not ring them now. They're probably putting the baby to

bed.score

I'd _____________ have a window seat, please. score

You'd _____________ stay in and study tonight. You've got a test

tomorrow.score

MODULE 9: ADVANCED

LESSON 1: ANOMALOUS VERBS 1

LESSON 2: ANOMALOUS VERBS 2

LESSON 3: THE GERUND

ANOMALOUS VERBS 1

CAN, MAY, MUST (HAVE TO/BE TO)

“When can we get married, darling?”

CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS ANOMALOUS VERBS

1. Funcionam como verbos auxiliares.

2. Não têm TO em seu infinitivo.

3. Não recebem –S na 3ª pessoa do singular.

PRESENT = CAN (expressam capacidade ou habilidade).

PAST = COULD

FUTURE = WILL BE/ ABLE TO

NEGATIVE FORM = CAN’T CANNOT

“She can sail boats, can’t she?”

“She could sail boats.”

“She will be able to sail boats.”

PRESENT = MAY (expressam permissão ou possibilidade/probalbilidade).

PAST = MIGHT

FUTURE = WILL BE ALLOWED TO

WILL BE PERMITTED TO

NEGATIVE FORMS: MAY NOT

MIGHTN’T/ WON’T BE…

“May she go with us?”

“She might study for the test?”

She will be allowed/permitted to get married.”

PRESENT = MUST (=HAVE TO) (sua traduação é “dever” e expressam algo

obrigatório. A forma MUSTN’T expressa proibição.).

PAST = HAD TO

FUTURE = WILL HAVE TO

Obs: 3ª pessoa do singular: HAS TO

Funciona como auxiliary ou principal.

ANOMALOUS VERBS 2

CAN, MAY, MUST – EXTEND FORMS.

CAN = FORMA NEGATIVA CANNOT/CAN’T.

COULD = FORMA NEGATIVA COULDN’T.

Continuous: Can/Could + Be + -ING.

Perfect: Can/Could + Have +PP

“Shirley can be sleeping now.”

“You couldn’t be talking seriously”.

“Couldn’t she have told you a lie?”

“Can she be lying?”

MAY = FORMA NEGATIVA MAY NOT

MIGHT = FORMA NEGATIVA MIGHTN’T

Continuous: May/Might + Be + Ing.

Perfect: May/Might +Have + Ing.

“Shirley may be sleeping now.”

“She mightn’t be talking seriously.”

“Mightn’t she have told you a lie?”

“May she be lying?”

MUST = FORMA NEGATIVA MUSTN’T

Continuous: Must + BE + Ing

Perfect: Must + Have + PP

“Shirley must be sleeping now.”

“You mustn’t be sweeping this place.”

“She must have left early today.”

EXERCISES:

01. Passe para o inglês: “Costumo dormir cedo”

a) I used sleep early.

b) I used to sleep early.

c) I am used to sleeping early.

d) I get used to sleep early.

e) I got used to slept early.

02. I can’t see him here, he ____________ home.

a) must goes

b) could have go

c) should going

d) must have gone

e) could has gone

03. She _____________ a lot. She got the best mark in her class.

a) can have studied

b) must have studied

c) would have studied

d) should have studied

e) must has study

04. He _________ there regularly, but now he never does.

a) used to go

b) goes

c) was used to go

d) used to going

e) used to gone

05. You seem tired. You _______________ to have a rest.

a) ought

b) might

c) must

d) should

e) could

06. Translate into English: Não estamos acostumados a falar inglês.

a) We're not used to speaking English.

b) We don't use to speak English.

c) We're not used to speak English.

d) We're not accustomed speaking English.

e) We're used not speaking English.

07. I __________ be a lazy student, but now I know I was just wasting my time.

a) used to

b) use to

c) to use

d) using

e) uses

08. You _______ decide at once.

a) ought

b) should to

c) can

d) must

e) could

09. Due to the strike, trains __________ arrive some minutes late.

a) to can

b) cans

c) mays

d) may

e) to may

10. (FUVEST) Listen, if you really want to get over your sickness you ____ not sleep

late.

a) 'better

b) 'd better to

c) better to

d) 'd better

e) would better

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.can.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/should.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/pastmodalsdeduction.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/gr.need.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.may3.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/gr.might.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.better.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.supposed.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.can.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/should.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/pastmodalsdeduction.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/gr.need.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.may3.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/modalverbs/gr.might.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.better.pdf

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.supposed.pdf

1.You don't look well. You _____ see a doctor. (Advice)

are to

could

need to

should

2. lending me your CD player ______ for a couple of days? (Request)

Can you

Could you

Would you

Would you mind

3. Whose book is this? – I am not sure. It _______ be Anna's. (Possibility)

might

must

should

would

4. She_______ home yesterday because her little son was sick. (Necessity)

could have stayed

had to stay

must have stayed

should have stayed

5. You________ leave work at 3:30 today. (Permission)

can

could

might

will

6. Though he was ill and weak, he______ get out of the burning building. (Ability)

could

might

should

was able to

7. The windows look clean. You _______ wash them. (Absence of necessity)

can't

don't have to

mustn't

are not to

8. You_________ disturb him during his work! (Prohibition)

could not

don't have to

must not

should not

9. Whose car is this? – It _______be Anton's. I think I saw him driving a red car like

this one. (Strong probability)

might

could

must

would

10. I don't believe it. It ________be true. (Impossibility)

can't

mustn't

shouldn't

wouldn't

THE GERUND

USOS

1. Como sujeito de frases:

“Smoking is harmful to your health.”

“Watching the sunset is wonderful.”

2. Após preposições:

“She was accused of misbehaving.”

“There’s no point in arguing about this.”

3. Após algumas expressões como:

“CAN’T HELP

“CAN’T STAND”

IT’S WORTH

IT’S USELESS/IT’S NO USE

LOOK FORWARD TO

4. Após certos verbos:

AVOID/PREVENT

ENJOY

MIND

KEEP

5. Verbos seguidos de gerúndio ou de infinitivo (com ou sem to):

BEGIN/START

TRY/ATTEMPT

HATE

FEEL

LIKE

LOVE

SEE

NOTICE

“She loves watching birds/ She loves to watch birds.”

“We noticed the burglar scaping/ We noticed the burglar to scape.”

EXERCISES:

. (to ski) _________ can be dangerous.

2. After (to shop) ____________ ,we went to the cinema.

3. (to smoke)____________ is unhealthy.

4. (to swim)____________ is my favourite activity.

5. Do you like (to surf) ___________ on the net?

6. Does she enjoy (to wear)_________ jewels?

7. At the (begin) ___________ of the year,we move south.

8. Before(to go) ___________to bed,I usually have a shower.

9. Be careful when (to spell)_________________ words.

10. The neighbours thanked me for (to call) ___________the fire department.

3. Gerund or Infinitive:

1. Would you mind (wait) for a few minutes?

2. Have you finished (use) the computer?

3. We expect (hear) from him very soon.

4. Tom has given up (smoke).

5. I couldn't help (laugh) when I saw Sarah wearing that funny hat.

6. I don't feel like (play) football today.

7. I expected my friend Juliette (help) me in this project.

8. Our association gave up (help) some villages due to compelling

circumstances.

9. Students enjoy (listen) to English songs in class from time to time.

10. I spend most of my time (draw) which irritates my parents.

http://www.seattlecentral.edu/faculty/dloos/Grammar/gerunds_infinitives/gerundsassubj

ectsandobjectsexercises1-3.htm

http://www.seattlecentral.edu/faculty/dloos/Grammar/gerunds_infinitives/gerundsassubjectsandobjectsexercises1-3.htm

http://www.seattlecentral.edu/faculty/dloos/Grammar/gerunds_infinitives/gerundsassubjectsandobjectsexercises1-3.htm

MODULE 10: ADVANCED

LESSON 1: READING AND COMPREHENSION

LESSON 2: ORAL PRODUCTION/LISTENING PRODUCTION

LESSON 3: WRITTEN PRODUCTION

READING AND COMPREHENSION

TOTAL: 10 TEXTS.

1. Liverpool

Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in

Merseyside in north west England, on the north

side of the Mersey estuary.

The city is governed by Liverpool City Council,

one of five councils within Merseyside. The

population of the borough in 2002 was 441,477,

and that of the Merseyside conurbation was

1,362,026. Liverpool is the second largest

export port of the United Kingdom.

Whilst it has lost most of its manufacturing

base, Liverpool is still internationally famous as

a port, and the city from where The Beatles

originated. In sport terms, it boasts two internationally known football clubs,

Liverpool F.C. and Everton F.C.. In the year 2008, Liverpool will become the

European Capital of Culture.

Liverpool runs directly into Bootle in Sefton, and Huyton in Knowsley. It faces

Wallasey and Birkenhead across the River Mersey.

Inhabitants of Liverpool are officially known as "Liverpudlians", but more

commonly known as "Scousers". They are noted for their distinctive accent,

called Scouse.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It

uses material from the Wikipedia article "Liverpool". You can explore

more on the Wikipedia website. The text and the images are used here

only for educational purposes.

Questions about the text

Now, answer the questions about the text.

http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liverpool

1. Liverpool has a population of less than half million people.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. Liverpool is the second largest export port of the United Kingdom.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. Liverpool is the city from where The Beatles originated.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. Liverpool has one football team.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. People from Liverpool are called Liverpudlians.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. Lake District

The Lake District National Park is one of fourteen National parks in the United

Kingdom. It lies entirely within Cumbria, and is one of England's few

mountainous regions. All the land in England higher than three thousand feet

above sea level lies within the Park. The Lakes, as the region is also called, were

made famous during the early 19th century by the poetry and writings of

William Wordsworth and the Lake Poets.

The Lake District is about 34 miles (55 km) across (north-to-south or west-to-

east). Its features are a result of periods of glaciation, the most recent of which

ended some 15000 years ago. The ice carved wide U-shaped valleys, many of

which are now filled with the lakes that give the park its name. The upper

regions contain a number of glacial cirques, which are typically filled with tarns.

The higher fells are rocky, with lower fells being open moorland, notable for its

wide bracken and heather coverage. Below the tree line native oak woodlands sit

alongside nineteenth century pine plantations. Much of the land is often boggy,

due to the high rainfall.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lake District". You can

explore more on the Wikipedia website. The text and the images are used

here only for educational purposes.


1. There are 14 national parks in the UK.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. The Lake District is about...

34 km across.

55 km across.

55 miles across.

3. The latest glaciation period was 15000 years ago.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. The ice formed the valleys, which then became lakes.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. It doesn't rain too much in the area.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at

Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in the City of Westminster,

London, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the

most notable religious buildings in the United Kingdom, and is the traditional


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_district

place of coronation and burial site for English, later British monarchs. The

abbey is a Royal Peculiar, and between 1540 and 1550 had the status of a

cathedral.

According to a tradition first reported by Sulcard in about 1080, a church was

founded at this site (then known as Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)) in the 7th century,

at the time of Mellitus (d. 624), a Bishop of London. Construction of the present

church was begun in 1245 by King Henry III.

Since 1066, when King Harold and William the Conqueror were crowned, the

coronations of English and British monarchs have been held here. Since 1100,

there have been at least 16 royal weddings at the abbey. Two were of reigning

monarchs (Henry I and Richard II), although before 1919 there had been none

for some 500 years.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "Westminster Abbey". You can




1. Westminster Abbey is located in London.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for British monarchs.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. Construction of the present church was begun in 1080.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. William the Conqueror was the first King crowned here.

True.

False.

We don't know.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Abbey

5. There have been at least 16 royal weddings here.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. House of Commons

In many bicameral parliaments of a

Westminster System, the House of Commons

has historically been the name of the elected

lower house. The Commons generally holds

much more power than the upper house (the

senate or House of Lords). The leader of the

majority party in the House of Commons

usually becomes the Prime Minister.

Historically, "the commons" were an estate in a traditional pre-Enlightenment

European government which typically divided the governance of an area

between "estates" of society. Other estates included the clergy, nobles,

merchants and knights. The word "commons" has at times been confused with

the word "commoner", but they are very different in this context. The House of

Commons was created to serve as the political outlet for this "commons" class,

while the elite estates were represented in the House of Lords. The House of

Commons was thus elected by the people while members of the upper house

were appointed on the basis of various forms of elite "merit", such as wealth,

family, or prestige.

States with a House of Commons base their democratic systems upon this

original British house of parliament (it is thus occasionally called "the mother of

parliaments"). Many such places were part of the British Empire, and are now

part of the Commonwealth of Nations. In distancing themselves from the rule of

empire, they have often renamed that part of their government (or abolished it,

e.g. in favour of a military dictatorship).

Most Westminster-system nations which originally used the term "House of

Commons" have changed the name of their lower house to "the House of

Representatives." There are only two existing Houses of Commons. These are

the: British House of Commons (at the Palace of Westminster, London) and the

Canadian House of Commons (on Parliament Hill, in Ottawa).

The House of Commons was also the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland,

before its abolition under the 1801 Act of Union, and the short-lived Parliament

of Southern Ireland in 1920, which was subsequently superseded by the Dáil of

the Irish Free State. Similarly, the House of Commons was the lower house of

the Parliament of Northern Ireland before its abolition in 1972.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "House of Commons". You can


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Commons




1. The Parliament is divided into two houses.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons is the Prime

Minister.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. The members of the House of Commons are elected by the people.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. The British House of Parliament is called "the mother of parliaments".

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. All countries belonging to the British Empire have a House of Commons

nowadays.

True.

False.

We don't know.

6. The Canadian House of Commons was abolished in 1801.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. Leeds

Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England, the

principal settlement in the City of Leeds

metropolitan district. In 2011 Leeds' main

urban subdivision had a population of 474,632,

while in 2011 the City of Leeds had an

estimated population of 757,700 making it the

third largest city in the United Kingdom.

Leeds is the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire

Urban Area, which at the 2011 census had a population of 1.8 million, and the

Leeds-Bradford Metropolitan Area, of which Leeds is the integral part, had a

population of around 2.3 million, making it the fourth-largest metropolitan area

in the UK. In addition, the Leeds City Region, an economic area with Leeds at

its core, had a population of 3 million.

Leeds is the UK's largest centre for business, legal, and financial services

outside London, and its office market is considered the best in Europe for value.

Leeds is considered a Gamma World City, alongside cities such as Phoenix, St.

Petersburg and Valencia under the 2010 GaWC study.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the history of Leeds can be traced

to the 5th century when the Kingdom of Elmet was covered by the forest of

"Loidis", the origin of the name Leeds. The name has been applied to many

administrative entities over the centuries. It changed from being the appellation

of a small manorial borough, in the 13th century, through several incarnations,

to being the name attached to the present metropolitan borough.

In the 17th and 18th centuries Leeds became a major centre for the production

and trading of wool. Then, during the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed

into a major industrial centre; wool was the dominant industry but flax,

engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important. From

being a compact market town in the valley of the River Aire in the 16th century

Leeds expanded and absorbed the surrounding villages to become a populous

urban centre by the mid-20th century.

Public transport, rail and road communications networks in the region are

focused on Leeds and there are a number of twinning arrangements with towns

and cities in other countries. Its assigned role in the Leeds City Region

partnership recognises the city's importance to regional economic development,

and will now play a large part in the UK's planned new high-speed railway

development.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "Leeds". You can explore more

on the Wikipedia website. The text and the images are used here only for

educational purposes.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeds



1. Leeds is the third largest city in the UK.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. The City of Leeds has a population of 3 million.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. Leeds is the largest centre for business in the UK.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. In the 16th century Leeds was already a big city.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. Rail and road networks are focused on Leeds.

True.

False.

We don't know.

6. The Channel Tunnel

The Channel Tunnel, (French: le tunnel

sous la Manche; often nicknamed the

Chunnel in English) is a rail tunnel beneath

the English Channel at the Straits of Dover,

connecting Cheriton in Kent, England and

Sangatte in northern France. A long-

standing and hugely expensive project that

saw several false starts, it was finally

completed in 1994. It is the second longest rail tunnel in the world, surpassed

only by the Seikan Tunnel in Japan. It is operated by Eurotunnel plc.

In 1957 the Channel Tunnel Study Group was formed. It reported in 1960 and

recommended a railway tunnel of two main tunnels and a smaller service tunnel.

The project was launched in 1973 but folded due to financial problems in 1975

after the construction of a 250 m test tunnel.

In 1984 the idea was relaunched with an Anglo-French government request for

proposals to build a privately funded link. Of the four submissions received the

one most closely resembling the 1973 plan was chosen and announced on

January 20, 1986. The Fixed Link Treaty was signed by the two governments in

Canterbury, Kent on February 12, 1986 and ratified in 1987.

The planned route of the tunnel took it from Calais to Folkestone (a route rather

longer than the shortest possible crossing) and the tunnel was to follow a single

chalk stratum (which meant the tunnel was deeper than the previous attempt).

For much of its route, the tunnel is nearly 40 m under the seafloor, with the

southern section being deeper than the northern.

Digging the tunnel took 15,000 workers over seven years, with tunnelling

operations conducted simultaneously from both ends. The prime contractor for

the construction was the Anglo-French TransManche Link, a consortium of 10

construction companies and 5 banks of the two countries. Engineers used large

tunnel boring machines (TBMs), mobile excavation factories that combined

drilling, material removal, and the process of shoring up the soft and permeable

tunnel walls with a concrete liner. After the British and French TBMs had met

near the middle, the French TBM was dismantled while the British one was

diverted into the rock and abandoned. Almost 4 million cubic metres of chalk

were excavated on the English side, much of which was dumped below

Shakespeare Cliff near Folkestone to reclaim 90 acres (360,000 m²) of land from

the sea.

The Channel Tunnel consists of three parallel tunnels: two primary rail tunnels,

which carry trains north and south, and a smaller access tunnel. This access

tunnel, which is served by narrow wheeled vehicles, is interconnected, by means

of transverse passages, to the main tunnels at regular intervals. It allows

maintenance workers access to the tunnel complex and provides a safe route for

escape during emergencies.

When the two tunnels met 40 m beneath the English Channel seabed on

December 1, 1990, in what was to become one of the "crossover halls" that

allow diversion of trains from one main tunnel to the other, it became possible to

walk on dry land from Britain to mainland Europe for the first time since the end

of the last ice age, over 13,000 years ago. The British and French efforts, which

had been guided by laser surveying methods, met with less than 2 cm of error.

The tunnel was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II and French President

François Mitterrand in a ceremony held in Calais on May 6, 1994.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "Channel Tunnel". You can




1. The Channel Tunnel was completed in 1994.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. It took ten years to finish the tunnel.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. The tunnel runs 40m under the sea.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. There are three parallel tunnels inside the Chunnel.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. The tunnels from both ends met in 1990.

True.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Tunnel

False.

We don't know.

7. Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1727 by

the Julian calendar in use in England at the time; or 4

January 1643 – 31 March 1727 by the Gregorian calendar)

was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer,

philosopher, and alchemist; who wrote the Philosophiae

Naturalis Principia Mathematica (published 5 July 1687),

where he described universal gravitation and, via his laws

of motion, laid the groundwork for classical mechanics.

Newton also shares credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

for the development of differential calculus. However,

their work was not a collaboration; they both discovered

calculus separately but nearly contemporaneously.

Newton was the first to promulgate a set of natural laws that could govern both

terrestrial (earthly) motion and celestial motion. He is associated with the

scientific revolution and the advancement of heliocentrism. Newton is also

credited with providing mathematical substantiation for Kepler's laws of

planetary motion. He would expand these laws by arguing that orbits (such as

those of comets) were not only elliptic; but could also be hyperbolic and

parabolic.

He is also notable for his arguments that light was composed of particles. He

was the first to realise that the spectrum of colours observed when white light

was passed through a prism was inherent in the white light, and not added by the

prism as Roger Bacon had claimed in the 13th century.

Newton also developed Newton's law of cooling, describing the rate of cooling

of objects when exposed to air; the binomial theorem in its entirety; and the

principles of conservation of momentum and angular momentum. Finally, he

studied the speed of sound in air, and voiced a theory of the origin of stars.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "Isaac Newton". You can





1. Isaac Newton was born in...

1642.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton

1687.

1727.

2. He set the basis for classical mechanics.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. He worked together with Leibniz to discover differential calculus.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. Newton discovered that light is composed of particles.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. He studied the speed of light in air.

True.

False.

We don't know.

8. William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare—born April 1564; baptised April

26, 1564; died April 23, 1616 (O.S.), May 3, 1616

(N.S.)—has a reputation as the greatest of all writers in

English.

His ability to capture and convey the most profound

aspects of human nature is regarded by many as

unequalled and the English Renaissance has often been

called "the age of Shakespeare".

He was among the few playwrights who have excelled

in both tragedy and comedy and several of his plays contain songs that are

among the finest lyric poems in English.

He also wrote 154 sonnets, two narrative poems, and a handful of shorter poems.

Shakespeare wrote his works between 1588 and 1613, although the exact dates

and chronology of the plays attributed to him are often uncertain.

Shakespeare's influence on the English-speaking world shows in the widespread

use of quotations from Shakespearean plays, the titles of works based on

Shakespearean phrases, and the many adaptations of his plays.

Other signs of his continuing influence include his appearance in the top ten of

the "100 Greatest Britons" poll sponsored by the BBC, the frequent productions

based on his work, such as the BBC Television Shakespeare, and the success of

the fictional account of his life in the 1998 film Shakespeare in Love.

Some of his famous plays are "Romeo and Juliet", "Macbeth", "Hamlet",

"Othello", "Antony and Cleopatra", "The Comedy of Errors", "A Midsummer

Night's Dream", among others.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "William Shakespeare". You

can explore more on the Wikipedia website. The text and the images are

used here only for educational purposes.


1. William Shakespeare was a great writer of both tragedy and comedy.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. How many sonnets did he write?

2.

100.

154.

3. His books are full of quotations.

True.

False.

We don't know.

4. The film "Shakespeare in Love" is based on his life.

True.

False.

We don't know.

5. Many of his books contain songs.

True.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare

False.

We don't know.

6. He died in 1616.

True.

False.

We don't know.

7. "100 Greatest Britons" is one of his famous masterpieces.

True.

False.

We don't know.

9. History of the FIFA World Cup

The History of the FIFA World Cup started in 1928, when FIFA president Jules

Rimet decided to stage an international football tournament. The first

competition, in 1930, consisted of just the final tournament of 13 invited teams.

The competition has subsequently expanded to a 2 year qualifying process

involving almost 200 teams from all over the world.

The first international football match was played in 1872 between England and

Scotland, although at this stage the sport was rarely played outside Great Britain.

An expansion in international football led to FIFA being formed in May 1904,

comprised of football associations from seven continental European countries.

As football began to increase in popularity, it was held as a demonstration sport

(with no medals awarded) at the 1900, 1904 and 1906 Summer Olympics before

football became an official competition at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

Organised by England's Football Association, the event was for amateur players

only and was regarded suspiciously as a show rather than a competition. The

England national amateur football team won the event in both 1908 and 1912.

With the Olympic event continuing to be contested only between amateur teams,

Sir Thomas Lipton organised the Sir Thomas Lipton Trophy tournament in

Turin in 1909. The competition is often described as The First World Cup, and

featured the most prestigious professional club sides from Italy, Germany and

Switzerland. The first tournament was won by West Auckland, an amateur side

from north-east England that was invited after the Football Association refused

to be associated with the competition. West Auckland returned in 1911 to

successfully defend their title, and were given the trophy to keep forever, as per

the rules of the competition.

In 1914, FIFA agreed to recognise the Olympic tournament as a "world football

championship for amateurs", and took responsibility for organising the event.

This led the way for the world's first intercontinental football competition, at the

1924 Summer Olympics. Uruguay won the tournament, before winning the gold

medal again in 1928, with another South American team, Argentina, taking

silver. In 1928 FIFA made the decision to stage their own international

tournament. With Uruguay now two-time official football world champions and

due to celebrate their centenary of independence in 1930, FIFA named Uruguay

as the host country.

The 1932 Summer Olympics, held in Los Angeles, did not plan to include

football as part of the programme due to the low popularity of football in the

United States. FIFA and the IOC also disagreed over the status of amateur

players, and so football was dropped from the Games. FIFA president Jules

Rimet thus set about organising the inaugural World Cup tournament to be held

in Uruguay in 1930. The national associations of selected nations were invited to

send a team, but the choice of Uruguay as a venue for the competition meant a

long and costly trip across the Atlantic Ocean for European sides. Indeed, no

European country pledged to send a team until two months before the start of the

competition. Rimet eventually persuaded teams from Belgium, France,

Romania, and Yugoslavia to make the trip. In total 13 nations took part — seven

from South America, four from Europe and two from North America.

The first two World Cup matches took place simultaneously, and were won by

France and the USA, who beat Mexico 4-1 and Belgium 3-0, respectively. The

first goal in World Cup history was scored by Lucien Laurent of France. Four

days later, the first World Cup hat-trick was achieved by Bert Patenaude of the

USA in the Americans' 3-0 win against Paraguay. In the final, Uruguay defeated

Argentina 4-2 in front of a crowd of 93,000 people in Montevideo, and became

the first nation to win a World Cup.


uses material from the Wikipedia article "History of the FIFA World

Cup". You can explore more on the Wikipedia website. The text and the

images are used here only for educational purposes.


1. The first international football match was played in 1872.

True.

False.

We don't know.

2. FIFA was created in 1904.

True.

False.

We don't know.

3. The first FIFA World Cup was played in Uruguay.

True.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_FIFA_World_Cup

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_FIFA_World_Cup

False.

We don't know.

4. Uruguay was the first nation to win the World Cup.

True.

False.

We don't know.

10. New Findings About Disorder in Bees

A number of viruses acting together may help explain cases of colony collapse.

Transcript of radio broadcast. Source: VOA

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

Colony collapse disorder first struck honey bees in the United States in late two

thousand six. Over the next two years, beekeepers lost more than one-third of their

honey bees.

Scientists in the United States and other countries have been working to explain the

mysterious disappearances of bees. Now, a new study suggests that several viruses may

act together.

Scientists from the University of Illinois and the United States Department of

Agriculture did the study. Their report appeared in the Proceedings of the National

Academy of Sciences.

The team compared bees from affected colonies with those from healthy colonies. They

were looking for differences in gene expression in the guts of the bees.

The scientists found that the affected bees had a number of viruses from a group called

picorna-like viruses. The infections observed in the bees included Israeli acute paralysis

virus and deformed wing virus.

Tiny insects likely play a big part in spreading the viruses. Varroa mites have been

causing serious problems in bee colonies in the United States since the late nineteen

eighties. These mites carry picorna-like viruses.

The viruses appear to harm the bees' ability to use their genetic material to produce

proteins needed to fight infections. Researcher Reed Johnson, now at the University of

Nebraska-Lincoln, says the study suggests that the damaged proteins are unable to

respond effectively when attacked.

University of Illinois Professor May Berenbaum says it appears that bees could deal

with one or two viruses at the same time, but not three or four.

She says the picorna-like viruses "hijack" the ribosome in cells. Ribosomes are

structures in which proteins are made. As a result the ribosome produces only viral

proteins.

The professor says ribosome is central to the survival of any organism. If it is

compromised, then the bees could not defend themselves against pesticides or fungal

infections or bacteria or poor nutrition.

These have all been identified as possible causes of the collapse disorder. Spanish

researchers, for example, recently said they suspected a parasitic fungus which has been

found among affected bees in Spain.

Bees add billions of dollars in value to many crops worldwide. For now, beekeepers

have been doing their best to try to protect their colonies.

And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm

Faith Lapidus.

LESSON 2: ORAL PRODUCTION/LISTENING PRODUCTION

ORAL PRODUCTION – 5 DIALOGS.

DIALOG 1

Jerry tells Fei about his first visit to a primary school

Jerry: Hi Fei, how was your day?

Fei: Hi Jerry, I've been looking for you. Where have you been?

Jerry: I just had a very interesting experience. I spent the whole day with dozens of little

children!

Fei: That sounds like fun.

Jerry: Yes, it was fun... but exhausting! Kids have so much energy.

Fei: Where did you meet all these kids?

Jerry: At the primary school down the street. I visited some of their classes in the

morning, then taught them some simple English in the afternoon.Fei: English must be

very difficult for them.

Jerry: Actually, they were very eager to learn. I was quite impressed.

Fei: What did you teach them?

Jerry: One teacher gave me some sentences to practice. The kids love to repeat things

out loud! Sometimes I shouted the sentences, and they shouted back at me. Other times

I whispered, and they whispered back. They were very cute.

Fei: Yes, I can imagine.

Jerry: We also sang songs and played some English games together.

Fei: That's great. You know, when I was in primary school, we never had English

lessons.

Jerry: How about in middle school?

Fei: We studied English, but only for a test. It wasn't very practical.

Jerry: Well, you've managed to learn English very well. I guess it's because you're a

"Super Student".

Fei: Ha ha ha. Not me! The kids you saw today seem to be much more "super" than I

am. They're the future of China.

Jerry: Yes, they are, so China must have a bright future! I wonder what this country will

be like in 15 or 20 years when these kids are adults...

DIALOG 2

Jerry is worried about using a taxi in China, so he asks his Liu Fay how to use a taxi in

Beijing

Jerry: Hey Fay, is there anything I need to know about taking a taxi in Beijing?

Fay: Well, it’s pretty easy, Jerry. The first thing you have to do is to signal by holding

your hand out. Next, you should find the right taxi. If you want to save money, you

should find a taxi that charges only 1.20 (“one point two”) yuan per kilometer. If you

want a more comfortable taxi, you can pay 1.60 yuan. The price is printed on a label

shown in the back window of each taxi.

Jerry: Okay. So what do I do after I get in the taxi?

Fay: Of course, you should greet the driver and tell him where you want to go. After he

starts driving, make sure he turns on the meter.

Jerry: What should I do if he can’t find my destination?

Fay: Then you have to give him directions. Tell him to turn left or right. That’s “zou

guai” or “you guai” in Chinese. Or tell him to keep going straight, “yizhi wang qian

zou”.

Jerry: Got it! Then I guess all I have to do is pay the driver and say “good-bye”, right?

Fay: Well, not quite. You should always ask for a receipt, which is printed out for every

customer. That way, if you forget something in the taxi, you can get it back with no

problem.

Jerry: Thanks Fay, that’s a big help!

DIALOG 3

Fei introduces Jerry to her favorite place in all of Beijing

Jerry: What a beautiful summer's day! There's not a cloud in the sky.

Fei: Hey, I have an idea. Let's go somewhere special. I can introduce you to my favorite

place in Beijing.

Jerry: Sure, I'd like to see that, but what is it exactly?

Fei: You'll see when we get there. Come on, we can catch the 107 bus across the street...

(10 minutes later, Fei and Jerry arrive. They go for a walk.)

Fei: Can you see all those people across the street?

Jerry: Yes, they're all dancing. I like the Chinese style music, but they're doing Western

style dancing. It seems a bit odd to me. Are we going to dance today?

Fei: Not today - maybe when we get older! Look beyond the dancers. What do you see?

Jerry: Hey, there's a little pond over there. It looks very pleasant in the middle of a big

city. Let's go take a closer look. I never knew there was a pond in the middle of Beijing.

Fei: Actually, there are SIX! They're all man-made. There are two ponds to the west of

the Forbidden City called Nan Hai, which could be called South Pond and Zhong Hai,

or Middle Pond. The government offices surround those Ponds, so they're not open to

the public. To the north of those ponds is...

Jerry: Let me guess. It must be North Pond!

Fei: Good guess! You're right, it's Bei Hai or I suppose we could say North Pond. We

could see Bei Hai if we went through that gate over there, but we would have to pay.

We can walk around the other three for free. This one is called Qian Hai or Front Pond,

then there's Hou Hai or Back Pond. Finally, beyond Hou Hai is...

Jerry: Let me guess again. Is it Beyond Pond?

Fei: Another good guess. But this time you're wrong! The sixth one is a bit to the west,

so it's called Xi Hai or West Pond.

Jerry: Those people on the water seem to be having fun. Can we rent a boat too?

Fei: Sure, but I don't feel like it today. Let's do it another time.

Jerry: Okay. What are those traditional style buildings on the other side of Qian Hai?

Fei: Those are restaurants and coffee shops. We can go over there for a rest later if you

want.

Jerry: You know, I think this would be a good place to have a drink, especially on a

Friday night after a long week at work. Too bad there aren't any bars here. Maybe we

could open a bar here. Isn't that a great idea?

Fei: Ha ha ha. Somebody beat you to that idea, Jerry. There are over 40 bars around

Hou Hai! We'll go there some evening when you want to unwind, okay?

Jerry: Okay, it's a deal!

DIALOG 4

Fei is telling Jerry about her new job with LMONOP Corporation

Fei: Jerry, do you remember that job interview I had a while ago?

Jerry: Yes, you went to LMNOP Corporation, right?

Fei: That's right. You have a good memory! They called me in for a second interview...

Jerry: That's a good sign. It means they like you.

Fei: Yes, I must have made a good impression on them.

Jerry: How did the second interview go?

Fei: I really prepared thoroughly for this one. I asked the interview a lot of tough

questions about the company and the job, then I presented my ideas on how I would do

the job.

Jerry: What was their reaction?

Fei: I think I really impressed them. They gave me a job right on the spot!

Jerry: That's great! What will you be doing for them?

Fei: I will have several duties to perform. The first is to organize meetings. Then I'll

have to present plans to clients.

Jerry: Do you mean that you will have to give speeches?

Fei: Yes, something like that. I will give formal presentations. I have to admit, I'm a bit

nervous about that.

Jerry: I'm sure you'll do fine, as long as you prepare as well as you prepared for the

interview.

Fei: I'll have more to do than that. I'll also have to follow-up through email or on the

telephone. I think I'm going to be very busy. Do you have any tips for me?

Jerry: You'll have to learn how to manage your time well.

Fei: How can I "manage" my time?

Jerry: Well, the first thing you have to do is "prioritize".

Fei: I know that "prior" means "before", but I can't figure out what "prioritize" means...

Jerry: It means to decide what should come first. In other words, what are your most

important tasks. You should spend most of your time on the most important projects.

Fei: Oh yes, I've heard of that. Isn't there a rule, something like the 80-20 rule?

Jerry: Exactly! Your most important projects will be about 20% of your total work, but

they're so important that you should devote 80% of your time and effort to them. The

other tasks aren't so important, so they can be put off til later.

Fei: I see. I can't put off the most important jobs, so I have to be sure to get those done

no matter what.

Jerry: I'm sure you'll do just fine in your new job. When are you going to start?

Fei: In two weeks. I'm really excited about it!

DIALOG 5

Fay asks Jerry for advice on how to succeed at a job interview in English

Fay: Hi Jerry. I'm thinking of applying for a job with a multinational company, but I'm

worried about having an interview in English. Can you give me any good tips?

Jerry: Hmmm. That's a tough one. I guess the first thing is to try to make a good

impression. We often say, "you never get a second chance to make a first impression".

You really need to get off to a good start.

Fay: That sounds like good advice. Maybe I could sing and dance for them, ha ha ha!

Then they'd really be impressed! But seriously, how do I make a good first impression?

Jerry: To begin with, you should firmly shake the interviewer's hand while greeting him

or her with a smile. Be sure to keep eye contact, especially when listening to the

interviewer.

Fay: Ah, "body language" is really important, isn't it?

Jerry: Yes, it is. The second thing is to have confidence. You get confidence from being

prepared. You should learn a little bit about the company before the interview. Find out

what they do, how long they've been in business, what their business motto is, that kind

of thing. You should also anticipate possible questions, and think about how you will

answer.

Fay: Should I memorize my answers beforehand?

Jerry: No! Definitely not! That sounds very mechanical. You should be natural when

you speak. Just think about how you want to answer, and choose the right words at the

time of the interview. That way, you can use the interviewer's own words in your

answer, which shows you've been listening. Then you're sure to make a good

impression.

Fay: I never thought about that before. You're really smart, Jerry! But what should I do

if I can't remember an English word when I'm answering a question?

Jerry: In that case, you have to paraphrase. In other words, you have to explain what

you want to say. For example, if you forget the word "manufacturing", you can say

"making a product" instead. Or instead of "statistics" you could say "using many big

numbers to describe something".

Fay: That's very helpful, Jerry. Thanks so much. Ah, one more thing. Should I ask about

the salary during the interview?

Jerry: No, either let them bring up the topic of money, or else wait for a second

interview. If you prepare well, make a good first impression, have confidence, and use

English naturally, you're almost certain to be interviewed again. Good luck!

IN THESE VIDEOS YOU HAVE SOME CONVERSATIONS AND SOME TIPS IN

ENGLISH.

SEE: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNcmqqXSLmg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmYgPHr60VU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtuBEqeCkHI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlSVe2ehjls

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axVocPmM1pM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWQqH90L494

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNcmqqXSLmg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmYgPHr60VU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtuBEqeCkHI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlSVe2ehjls

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axVocPmM1pM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWQqH90L494

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiPcUVx14eI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHPuByS-SCQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYBEbp1_IW4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZJPOd1sGqM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OGQDOl2KQ8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUx8rN8UwN8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1RPmY3Xkdc

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohDL7qy-yow

LESSON 2: LISTENING PRODUCTION

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=389


http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topicsmenu/listening.html

http://www.esolcourses.com/topics/learn-english-with-songs.html

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topicsmenu/intermediate.html

In this web site you can meet several listening activities and to improve your English.

http://www.britishcouncil.org/professionals-podcast-english-listening-downloads-

archive.htm

http://www.weberberg.de/skool/listening.html

Harry Potter – Listen 1

Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by the British author J. K.

Rowling. The books chronicle the adventures of the adolescent wizard Harry Potter and

his best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, all of whom are students at

Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry’s

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiPcUVx14eI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHPuByS-SCQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYBEbp1_IW4

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZJPOd1sGqM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OGQDOl2KQ8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUx8rN8UwN8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1RPmY3Xkdc

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohDL7qy-yow



http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topicsmenu/listening.html

http://www.esolcourses.com/topics/learn-english-with-songs.html

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topicsmenu/intermediate.html

http://www.britishcouncil.org/professionals-podcast-english-listening-downloads-archive.htm

http://www.britishcouncil.org/professionals-podcast-english-listening-downloads-archive.htm

http://www.weberberg.de/skool/listening.html

quandary involving the evil wizard Lord Voldemort, who killed Harry’s parents in his

quest to conquer the wizarding world and subjugate non-magical people (Muggles).

Since the June 30, 1997 release of the first novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s

Stone, (retitled Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone in the United States) the books

have gained immense popularity, critical acclaim and commercial success worldwide.

The series has also had some share of criticism, including concern for the increasingly

dark tone. As of June 2008, the book series has sold more than 400 million copies and

has been translated into 67 languages, and the last four books have consecutively set

records as the fastest-selling books in history.

A series of many genres, including fantasy and coming of age, it has many cultural

meanings and references. According to Rowling, the main theme is death, although it is

primarily considered to be a work of children’s literature. There are also many other

themes in the series, such as love and prejudice.

Julius Caeser – Listen 2

Gaius Julius Caesar (July 12 or July 13, 100 BC – March 15, 44 BC), often simply

called Julius Caesar, was a Roman military and political leader and one of the most

influential men in world history. He played a critical role in the transformation of the

Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. His conquest of Gaul extended the Roman

world all the way to the Atlantic Ocean, and he was also responsible for the first Roman

invasion of Britain in 55 BC.

Leading his legions across the Rubicon, Caesar sparked civil war in 49 BC that left him

the undisputed master of the Roman world. After assuming control of the government,

he began extensive reforms of Roman society and government. He was proclaimed

dictator for life, and he heavily centralized the bureaucracy of the Republic. This forced

the hand of a friend of Caesar, Marcus Junius Brutus, who then conspired with others to

murder the dictator and restore the Republic. This dramatic assassination occurred on

the Ides of March (March 15th) in 44 BC and led to another Roman civil war. In 42 BC,

two years after his assassination, the Roman Senate officially sanctified him as one of

the Roman deities.

Caesar’s military campaigns are known in detail from his own written Commentaries,

and many details of his life are recorded by later historians, such as Appian, Suetonius,

Plutarch, Cassius Dio and Strabo. Other information can be gleaned from other

contemporary sources, such as the letters and speeches of Caesar’s political rival Cicero,

the poetry of Catullus and the writings of the historian Sallust.

ENGLISH FOR TOURISM Listen 3

Tourist: Excuse me. Do you speak English?

Woman: Yes, of course. Can I help you?

Tourist: Yes, we’ve just arrived on holiday here. Have you got a map of the town?

Woman: Yes. Here you are. The tourist office is just here. I’ll mark it with a cross. If

you walk down this street here, you get to the beach. It’s about 5 minutes.

Tourist: Thank you. Where is the old part of the town?

Woman: Over here. You can see lots of narrow winding streets, and there’s the church.

Tourist: How long would it take to walk there?

Woman: About 10 or 15 minutes. The easiest way from here is to turn left and go

straight along the road until you reach the bus station, and then turn right.

Tourist: Is there a train station as well as a bus station?

Woman: Yes. The train station is here on the edge of the town. I’ll just get you some

timetables (pause and rustling). Here you have a train timetable, and one for the buses.

Tourist: Thanks very much. Do you have any information about things to do in the

area?

Woman: Yes, of course. Over there we’ve got leaflets about local attractions. And this

free guide here tells you what’s on this month. It has information about concerts,

festivals, children’s events etc.

David Beckham – Listen 4

David Beckham is a famous football player. He played for Manchester United in the

years when Manchester United won everything they could possibly win. And he was

captain of the England football team.

But in the past few years his football career has “gone downhill”. In 2003, he moved

from Manchester United to Real Madrid, but Real Madrid has not been a successful

team in the last few years. Last summer, he captained the England team at the World

Cup, but again England was not successful. He has now been dropped as England

captain, and plays only irregularly for Real Madrid. As a footballer, David Beckham is

past his best.

Other footballers who find that their finest playing days are over do something like this:

they move to a smaller club;

or they make a new career in football, perhaps coaching younger players, or managing a

club, or writing about football for the newspapers;

or they retire from football and run a pub in a quiet village in the country, or a night

club in Spain.

But David Beckham is not going to do any of these things. He is going to move to

America later this year to play for Los Angeles Galaxy. He will become one of the

highest paid sportsmen in the world; over the next 5 years, he may earn as much as

$250 million. This is remarkable because football is not a top sport in the United States.

Indeed, when Americans talk about “football” they mean a completely different game in

which very big men try to knock each other to the ground while kicking or throwing a

ball shaped like an egg. In America, you have to say “soccer” if you mean the game that

the rest of the world calls football.

So how has this happened? There are rich people and rich companies in the United

States who think that soccer could become a lot more popular in America than it is now.

They see an opportunity to make money – lots of money. But they need a superstar –

someone who is fabulously famous – to raise the profile of soccer in America, and bring

in advertising and sponsorship. And David Beckham is a superstar. He is – or was – a

brilliant football player. He is very good looking (or so my wife tells me). His wife is a

former pop singer with the Spice Girls, where she was known as “Posh Spice”. Posh

and Becks love the glamorous celebrity lifestyle – the lavish parties, the beautiful

people, the fast cars, the big houses and swimming pools. They will love Hollywood.

And Hollywood will love them ……

CONFIRMING A HOTEL BOOKING Listen 5

Receptionist : Good afternoon, Orion Hotel, how may I help you?

Customer : I’m ringing to confirm a booking I made a week ago. I was expecting an

email but I haven’t receive deny thing.

Receptionist : I’m sorry the line is rather bad, would you mind repeating that, please?

Customer : Yes, I made a reservation on your website under the name of Coutts.

George Coutts.

Receptionist : Could you spell your surname for me, please?

Customer : Yes, that’s C-O-U-T-T-S

Receptionist : And when was the reservation for?

Customer : July 23rd to the 29th

Receptionist : Sorry, did you say the 21st ?

Customer : No, the 23rd

Receptionist : Let me just check if we have your details on the system. Ah… yes, here

we are.

Customer : I put down one double and one single room, but I wonder if I could change

that.

Receptionist : I’m terribly sorry I didn’t quite catch that. Would you mind speaking up a

little?

Customer : Yes, I wanted to change the number of rooms. Is it possible to have two

doubles instead of a single and a double?

LESSON 3: WRITTEN PRODUCTIONS

Example: Short Story.

The little girl and the wolf

One afternoon a big wolf waited in a dark forest for a little girl to come along carrying a

basket of food to her grandmother. Finally a little girl did come along and she was

carrying a basket of food. 'Are you carrying that basket to your grandmother?' asked the

wolf. The little girl said yes, she was. So the wolf asked her where her grandmother

lived and the little girl told him and he disappeared into the wood.

When the little girl opened the door of her grandmother's house she saw that there was

somebody in bed with a nightcap and a night gown on. She had approached no nearer

than twenty-five feet from the bed when she saw that it was not her grandmother but the

wolf, for even in a nightcap a wolf does not look any more like your grandmother than

the Metro-Goldwyn lion looks like Calvin Coolidge. So the little girl took an automatic

out of her basket and shot the wolf dead.

Moral: It is not so easy to fool little girls nowadays as it used to be.

Author: James Thurber

Narrative Text – Short Story

The Yellow Riding Hood

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Example: Describing places.

http://www.slideshare.net/aponce4/writing-describing-places

Descriptive Text

My new College

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http://www.slideshare.net/aponce4/writing-describing-places

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Example: https://student.unsw.edu.au/writing-critical-review

Critical Review of Published Microarray Studies for Cancer Outcome and Guidelines

on Statistical Analysis and Reporting

Alain Dupuy and Richard M. Simon

Author Affiliations

Affiliations of authors: Biometric Research Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and

Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (AD,

RMS); Université Paris VII Denis Diderot, Paris, France (AD); Assistance Publique-

Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (AD)

Correspondence to:

Richard M. Simon, DSc, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, MSC 7434,

Bethesda, MD 20892 (e-mail: [email protected]).

Received March 13, 2006.

Revision received October 24, 2006.

Accepted December 1, 2006.

Next Section

Abstract

Background Both the validity and the reproducibility of microarray-based clinical

research have been challenged. There is a need for critical review of the statistical

analysis and reporting in published microarray studies that focus on cancer-related

clinical outcomes.

Methods Studies published through 2004 in which microarray-based gene expression

profiles were analyzed for their relation to a clinical cancer outcome were identified

through a Medline search followed by hand screening of abstracts and full text articles.

Studies that were eligible for our analysis addressed one or more outcomes that were

either an event occurring during follow-up, such as death or relapse, or a therapeutic

response. We recorded descriptive characteristics for all the selected studies. A critical

review of outcome-related statistical analyses was undertaken for the articles published

in 2004.

https://student.unsw.edu.au/writing-critical-review

mailto:[email protected]

Results Ninety studies were identified, and their descriptive characteristics are

presented. Sixty-eight (76%) were published in journals of impact factor greater than 6.

A detailed account of the 42 studies (47%) published in 2004 is reported. Twenty-one

(50%) of them contained at least one of the following three basic flaws: 1) in outcome-

related gene finding, an unstated, unclear, or inadequate control for multiple testing; 2)

in class discovery, a spurious claim of correlation between clusters and clinical

outcome, made after clustering samples using a selection of outcome-related

differentially expressed genes; or 3) in supervised prediction, a biased estimation of the

prediction accuracy through an incorrect cross-validation procedure.

Conclusions The most common and serious mistakes and misunderstandings recorded

in published studies are described and illustrated. Based on this analysis, a proposal of

guidelines for statistical analysis and reporting for clinical microarray studies, presented

as a checklist of “Do's and Don'ts,” is provided.

Dissertative text

Critical review

The pollution in São Paulo, Brazil.

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GOOD LUCK!

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