1 TÜRKİYE İNSAN HAKLARI VAKFI Human Rights Foundation of Turkey Mithatpaşa Cad. 49/11 6. Kat Kızılay/Ankara Tel: +90 312 310 6636 Fax: +90 312 310 6463 e - m a i l : [email protected]www.tihv.org.tr 21.08.2016 CURFEWS BETWEEN AUGUST 16, 2015 – AUGUST 16, 2016 and CIVILIANS WHO LOST THEIR LIVES ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF HUMAN RIGHTS FOUNDATION of TURKEY DOCUMENTATION CENTER Curfews are implemented in southeastern Turkey since the collapse of resolution process in July 2015, yet their unlawfulness is even declared by the Venice Commission on their official Opinion on the legal framework of governing curfews. 1 The yearlong in-between August 16, 2015 and August 16, 2016 there has been at least 111 officially confirmed, open-ended and round-the-clock [all daylong] curfews in at least 35 districts of 9 cities in southeastern Turkey. These cities are as follow; Diyarbakır (61 times), Mardin (18 times), Şırnak (13 times), Hakkâri (11 times), Muş (2 times), Bingöl (2 times), Elazığ (1 time), Batman (2 times), Bingöl (2 times) and Tunceli (1 time). It is estimated that, according to the 2014 population census, at least 1 million 671 thousand residents have been affected by these curfews and fundemental rights of these people such as Right to Life and Right to Health are explicitly violated. The imposement and results of the curfews should be interpreted as a whole. As mentioned before, as of December 11 th , 2015 the form of continous curfews, the broadness of regions that curfews are declared, length of duration, military dispatch and using heavy weapons within the residential areas 2 and judicial processes in accordance with all these, showed that a much more severe process has been implemented. Within this regard, it is necessary to remind that right to information, right to know the truth and freedom of obtainment of information is heavily violated, due to the severe human rights violations which are are already enlarged in our past fact sheets and in our common observation reports with other Organizations 3 , and due to the 1 http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-AD(2016)010-e 2 According to the statement of Ministry of Interior on January 11 th , 2016, 14 thousand 68 members of security forces became active in operations in districts where curfews are declared. Moreover, it’s known that hundreds of armored military vehicles such as tanks, panzers, cannons etc. are dispatched to the relative districts/cities. 3 Available at: http://en.tihv.org.tr/category/notes-special-reports/
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TÜRKİYE İNSAN HAKLARI VAKFI
Human R ights F ounda tion of Turk ey
M i t h a t p a ş a C a d . 4 9 / 1 1 6 . K a t K ı z ı l a y / A n k a r a
T e l : + 9 0 3 1 2 3 1 0 6 6 3 6 F a x : + 9 0 3 1 2 3 1 0 6 4 6 3
Curfews are implemented in southeastern Turkey since the collapse of resolution
process in July 2015, yet their unlawfulness is even declared by the Venice Commission on their
official Opinion on the legal framework of governing curfews.1 The yearlong in-between August
16, 2015 and August 16, 2016 there has been at least 111 officially confirmed, open-ended and
round-the-clock [all daylong] curfews in at least 35 districts of 9 cities in southeastern Turkey.
These cities are as follow; Diyarbakır (61 times), Mardin (18 times), Şırnak (13 times),
Hakkâri (11 times), Muş (2 times), Bingöl (2 times), Elazığ (1 time), Batman (2 times), Bingöl
(2 times) and Tunceli (1 time). It is estimated that, according to the 2014 population census, at
least 1 million 671 thousand residents have been affected by these curfews and fundemental
rights of these people such as Right to Life and Right to Health are explicitly violated.
The imposement and results of the curfews should be interpreted as a whole. As
mentioned before, as of December 11th, 2015 the form of continous curfews, the
broadness of regions that curfews are declared, length of duration, military dispatch and
using heavy weapons within the residential areas2 and judicial processes in accordance
with all these, showed that a much more severe process has been implemented.
Within this regard, it is necessary to remind that right to information, right to
know the truth and freedom of obtainment of information is heavily violated, due to the
severe human rights violations which are are already enlarged in our past fact sheets
and in our common observation reports with other Organizations3, and due to the
1 http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-AD(2016)010-e 2According to the statement of Ministry of Interior on January 11th, 2016, 14 thousand 68 members of security forces became active in operations in districts where curfews are declared. Moreover, it’s known that hundreds of armored military vehicles such as tanks, panzers, cannons etc. are dispatched to the relative districts/cities. 3 Available at: http://en.tihv.org.tr/category/notes-special-reports/
violation of international documents which Turkey is a party to and especially since the
declaration of state of emergency in July 20, 2016.
According to the data of HRFT Documentation Center, since August 16, 2015 until August
16, 2016 at least 321 civilians lost their lives in regions and periods of time that curfews were
officially declared. 79 are children, 71 are female and 30 are over the age 60 within these
people.
It is estimated that at least 73 civilians, whose information on how they died could be
obtained, lost their lives due to not being allowed to reach Right to Health. Again at least 202
civilians lost their lives while they were within the boundaries of their homes/indoor areas. 23
of these people lost their lives due to the direct stress effect of curfews on their health
conditions. Moreover, 147 of these people who lost their lives within the boundaries of their
homes/indoor areas were only in Cizre District.
As of April 2016, it is seen that regions where curfews are imposed moved from heavily
destructed central districts to subordinated villages and fields. Strikingly, these villages and
fields are rather the evacuated ones under the ‘state of emergency’ from 1987 to 2002 in mainly
southeastern Turkey and their population was exposed to forced migration during the 1990s.
Also, there are some facts that are not included in abovementioned datas or to the
list of civilians who lost their lives: In Silopi district of Şırnak, a 7 months old still birth
occured due to gunshot through the womb of the mother. Also, at least 16 people lost their lives
by arbitrary shooting of security forces during peaceful protests against the curfews in
streets/Squares close to curfew zones or by the use of chemicals such as tear gas where no
operation was onging or any curfews were declared or due to the explosion of conflict wastes
and landmines after the curfew is lifted/within the hours that it is not imposed.4
As it was stated in our previous fact sheets; the datas over curfews on periodic Fact Sheets
and within the Daily Reports of HRFT Documentation Center are obtained through press review,
official web sites of relevant public institutions, visual records, statements of witnesses and
lawyers, observation reports of political parties and civil organisations and their personal
witnessings etc. And whether get investigated and become definite or remain as claims and
removed from the annual report if not proved.
As HRFT, even though we feel the same grief and concerns by each death, the reasons why
the fact sheets of HRFT Documentation Center over the curfews only covered facts on civilians
4 These people are: In CİZRE: 7 months old still birth of Güler Yanalak due to gunshot through the womb of mother and
Harun Çağlı(4-Cudi Neigh.), Ayşenur Geçit(6-Cudi Neigh.), Bünyamin Bayram(6-Alibey Neigh.). In DİYARBAKIR: Şerdıl Cengiz (21-Bağlar district), Şiyar Salman (18-Bağlar district), Şiyar Baran (13-Seyrantepe Neigh.), Salih Baygın (70-Melik Ahmet Str.), Abdülaziz Taruk(68-Melik Ahmet Str.), Hüseyin Hüseyinoğlu (22-Bağlar district) and in NUSAYBİN:Emire Gök (39-Gırnavas district), Hüseyin Ahmet(22-Işık Önder Str.), in SİLVAN:Mehmet Gündüz (45-Feridun Neigh.) and also, Abdulsetar Cibara(16-Qamishlo/Rojava) shot by a stray bullet through the border of Nusaybin. In İDİL: Hidayet Tek (4-Turgut Özal Neigh.), Müslüm İlhan (8) and in SİLOPİ: Enes Erdem(10-Celali Deresi area)
It is State’s duty to enlighten all claims of violations by conducting immediate, impartial, independent and effective investigations,
especially over the violations of Right to Life in districts under curfew!
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until now are both because of the responsibility that violation of right to life against civilians is
high beyond comparison according to the past tens of years and the information given on
security forces and militants are not to be confirmed and publicly announced yet due to
deficiencies and contradictions.
However, our work on each and every person (civilians, security forces or militants) is
ongoing in the light of all datas, evidences and witnessing etc. We would like to emphasize that
likewise we are still collecting data on all names which are included/excluded now compared to
our last list of civilians who lost their lives during the curfews.
NOTE: Within the context of this fact sheet the term ‘security forces’ is implying to ‘Police
Anti-terror Combat Team, Police Special Forces, Gendarmarie Special Forces (Fatihler Unit,
Efeler Unit, Dadaşlar Unit which were active units during 90s in the same region), Military
Forces and Riot Polices.’ Also, there are some unofficial teams which are both by themselves and
publicly defined as JITEM, Esedullah, Hançer[Dagger], Fatihler Teams etc.
Civilians Who Lost Their Lives Since August 16, 2015
Under Curfews According to the Data of
Human Rights Foundation of Turkey Documentation Center
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Names of the People who lost Their Lives Between the
dates August 16th, 2015 and August 16, 2016
in the Districts Under Curfew
MUŞ
Varto: 1. Rahmi Kızıltaş (36), 2. Abdullah Toprak(26)