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S H U J A A T A F Z A L
How Does Culture Affect Business
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Introduction
Specific learned norms
Attitudes, values, beliefs, and customs of a
society
Cultural influences in business
Local customs and values
Foreign Customs
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Cont..
The aim of business is the same everywhere, but the wayto do it varies across countries
Global Managers must be able to handle Culture shock
Similar business situations in different countries doesnot imply similar opportunities. Alcohol in Muslim worldetc.
Culture influences Management skills. So in a newcountry, its Back-to-Basics....learning local culture
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Cultural Awareness
Cross-cultural differences
Awareness of all those cultures
Differences and similarities
Dynamics, attitude and behavior may change
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Important ways in which culture affect Business
The Concept of Time
Focus on relationships
Importance of contacts and referrals
Marriage and family systems Religion
Managerial Skills
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The Concept of Time
Value of time varies across different cultures
Affect on business
Two types
Polychromic Relaxed towards time
Monochromic
Time as money
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Focus on Relationship
In Pakistan focus is more on relationship
Face to face meetings
Strong expectations
Building relationships Western culture is vice versa they use email, fax and
telephone etc
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Importance of contacts and referrals
Contacts are very important here
To get things done
Good relationships, contacts and referrals
Egalitarian Business Culture Small differences in status and less emphasis on respecting
the other person
Hierarchical business culture Great importance given to relationships like in Pakistan
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Marriage and Family System
Different concepts of family
It effects their job performance
In Pakistan concept of attending family functions isconsidered very important
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Religion
Religion and belief system have strong effects onconduct of business
In Pakistan the concept of HALAL and HARAM ispresent
Profit should be made through fair means ratherthan fraud deceit and usury
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Managerial Skills
Culture defines a set of acceptable & unacceptablebehaviours,which forms the basis of Way of doingBusiness
Managers learn how to do business. This process iscalled En culturalization and Socialization Howconsumers behave How to manage people, supplier& subordinates What guides the consumer
behaviour Acceptable Behaviour in business is usually
acceptable behaviour in society
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