Cultural landscape and environmental heritage in Moldova

Gruia BGruia Băădescudescu

CCătălina Predaătălina PredaCentrul Român pentru Inovare In Dezvoltarea LocalCentrul Român pentru Inovare In Dezvoltarea Localăă

CULTURAL LANDSCAPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HERITAGE IN MOLDOVA

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS RATIFIED BY THE PARLIAMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

DATE OF RATIFICATION

European Cultural Convention, Paris, 1954 1994.05.24

Convention for the Protection of Architectural Heritage of Europe, Granada, 1985

2001.12.21

European Convention for the Protection of Archaeological Heritage, La Valletta, 1992

2001.12.21

European Convention of Landscape, Florence, 2000 2002.03.14

UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the Cultural and Natural Heritage, Paris,1972

2002.06.06

Convention Concerning the Protection and Promotion of Diversities of Cultural Expression, Paris, 2005

2006.07.27

UNESCO Convention Concerning the Safeguarding Of Immaterial Cultural Heritage, Paris, 2003

2006.03.24

Convention-plan of the European Council Concerning the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society, Faro, 2005

2008.12.01

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CONNECTED TO NATURAL HERITAGE

RATIFIED BY

The Convention concerning the conservation of wildlife and of the natural habitats of Europe (Bern, September 19. 1979)

Decision of the Parliament no. 1546-XII of June 23. 1993

The Convention concerning the impact of the evaluation of the transfrontier environment (Espoo, February 25, 1991)

Decision of the Parliament no. 1546-XII of June 23,1993.

The Convention concerning the protection and utilization of the transfrontier water flows and international lakes (Helsinki, March 17, 1992)

Decision of the Parliament no. 1546-XII of June 23, 1993

The Convention concerning biological diversity (Rio de Janeiro, June 5, 1992)

Decision of the Parliament no. 457-XIII of March 16, 1995.

The convention concerning cooperation for the protection and long-term utilization of the river Danube (Sofia, June 26, 1994)

Decision of the Parliament no. 323-XIV of March 17,1999;

Law concerning natural resources no. 1102-XIII, February 6, 1997

Decision of the Parliament, February 6, 1997

LEGISLATION ON PROTECTED AREAS ADOPTED

Law concerning the natural areas protected by the state no. 1538-XII 1998.02.25

Law for the modification of Law no. 1538-XIII of February 25, 1998 concerning the range of natural areas protected by the state, no. 229

2005.10.13

The Decision of the government of the Republic of Moldova concerning the rules for survey of objects and complexes in the range of natural areas protected by the state.

2000.05.02

The Decision of the government of the Republic of Moldova for the approval of the rules concerning areas with multifunctional management, rules concerning natural reservations, rules concerning landscape reservations and rules concerning monuments of landscape architecture.

2000.08.03

The Decision of the government of the Republic of Moldova on the approval of the rules concerning protected and constructed natural zones no. 1009.

2000.10.05

The Decision of the government of the Republic of Moldova on the approval of the Plan of action for 2004- 2008 concerning the restoration of monuments of landscape architecture no. 1378,

2003.11.18

General Urban Planning Regulation

from 05.01.1998. In Monitorul Oficial no. 14, 26.02.1998.

- regulates the approval of construction permits in “heritage areas” pending on Ministry of Culture or subordinates (art.33, 34)

- PUGs not updated by 2013-major obstacle for territorial cultural system planning

Regulation on natural and built protected areas

Government Decision no. 1009, 05.10.2000; Official Monitor 127-129/1114 (12.10.2000)

- defines protected areas, the competences and the responsibilities related to them

- de facto, not in practice

Law on Landscapes

(work in progress by the Ministry of the Environment)

Law on LandscapesFunction: applying the Convention and executing the National strategy and the

Action Plan on Conserving Bio-Diversity

Stated Goal: ensuring the “protection, planning and management of landscapes in order to satisfy the ecological, cultural, economic and touristic needs of society and the organization of European and international cooperation in the field”.

Law on LandscapesHighlights:

- the fundamental principles of protection, planning and management of landscapes,

- sustainable development of landscape

- the priority of environmental protection (bias?)

- the conserving and protection of landscapes as habitat

- the use of advanced technologies to prevent the degradation of landscapes

- the engagement of civil society in the decisional process regarding the protection and landscape management.

Law on LandscapesIncludes a “system of measures for protection and conservation of landscapes” consisting

of:

a) the national system of monitoring the state of landscapes

b) the classification and identification of landscapes

c) the delimitation of landscapes

d) the state registry of landscapes

e) landscape planning

f) landscape protection

g) financial devices to fund activities on protection and conservation of landscapes

h) education and information

Law on LandscapesThe planned law defines four categories of landscapes:

a) specially identified „untouched” landscapes, unaffected by economic activities;

b) natural areas protected by the state

c) agricultural territories with a high natural value, identified according to biological criteria or/and which comprise geologial and physical-geographical valuable objects,

d) landscapes with a special recreational value.

The category of cultural landscape is not directly present in the law!

Safeguarding the Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Moldova National Programme

Cultural heritage- 7 subcategories

Immobile archaeological heritage

Mobile archaeological heritage

Material ethnographic heritage

Immaterial cultural heritage

Immobile Artistic heritage

Cinematographic heritage

Theatrical art heritage

Safeguarding the Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Moldova National Programme

Elaborating a national strategy of safeguarding cultural heritage

Evaluating the risks which affect cultural heritage

Creating the instruments and tools to safeguard cultural heritage

Integrating data on cultural heritage in urban plans (PUG, PUZ, PUD)

The mapping in a GIS system of all monuments and sites

Creating archives of cultural heritage

Creating partnerships between state institutions, the private sector and the civil society with regards to the safeguarding of cultural heritage

The Moldovan Village National Programme-planned in 2005, but in action since 2010

- Holistically addresses rural development in the Republic and deals with both landscape and heritage in its contents and vision

The issues of landscape and heritage are represented in the programme through components such as the protection of cultural heritage, the restoration and reactivation of cultural centres, libraries and museums, and the implementation of European models of rural settlements.

The Moldovan Village National Programme

OBJECTIVES:

-the maintaining of “rural landscapes, cultural-historical and natural values”

-the protection and enhancement of national cultural heritage

-the renovation and conservation of national heritage which has touristic value and its inclusion in tourism activities

The Moldovan Village National ProgrammeACTIONS:

the protection and enhancement of national cultural heritage (no further details included)

the development and regeneration of artistic crafts

the inclusion of revitalized crafts as an important component of the national touristic product

the dissemination of the importance of the development of tourism (rural, ecological, wine-based, cultural, etc) for local development

the organization of a “practical-scientific conference” called “the Enhancement of cultural and natural heritage- a chance for the revitalization of the country’s settlements”, highlighting national best practices

10/10/12

10/10/12

Mulţumim!

Thank you!