Development
Nov 21, 2015
Development
It is true that the success of the individual in his
every-day business, profession, trade or other
occupation depends very materially upon the
possession of a good memory.
His value in any walk in life depends to a great
extent upon the degree of memory he may have
developed.
Memory is developed, trained and cultivated by
individual effort naturally.
Three essentials are ( i ) use, exercise, review
and practice ( ii ) Attention and Interest ( iii )
Intelligent Association.
Memory can atrophy by disuse and develop by
rational exercise and employment.
By paying attention, we acquire the impressions that we file away in our minds record-file. The degree of attention regulates the depth,
clearness and strength of the impression.
With a good record, we may expect to obtain a good reproduction of it.
Every association that we weld to an idea or an impression, serves as a cross-reference in the
index, whereby, the thing is found by
remembrance when it is needed.
1. Sensory memory: gathered from 5 senses
2. Short-term (working) memory: limited to 5 9 separate facts
3. Long-term memory: you can store &
retrieve anything.
Short term memory: It is information remaining
in consciousness after being perceived. Short-
term memory (STM) refers to memory processes
that retain information only temporarily, until
information is either forgotten or becomes
incorporated into a more stable, potentially
permanent long-term store.
Long term memory: knowledge of a former state
of mind after it has already once dropped from
consciousness.
It involves a storage system that is responsible
for retaining small amounts of information over
brief intervals of time.
Without attention and rehearsal,
information is lost rapidly from STM.
Rehearsal facilitates maintenance of
information in STM and transfer of
information from STM to LTM.
Short-term and long-term memory stores are distinct
In human memory, there are structurally separate
components or stores through which information is
transferred. A subset of the information in the sensory
registers is chosen for later processing via selective
attention and is transferred into a short-term store
(STS) (encoding). The STS is fragile and decays
quickly, so rehearsal is necessary to keep information
within the STS (maintenance) and to transfer it to a
more durable long-term store (LTS).
Large capacity
Modality-specific stores
Very brief duration
Lost rapidly w/o attention
Lost without attention and rehearsal
Rehearsal facilitates transfer to LTM
Working memory is the theoretical
construct that has come to be used in cognitive
psychology to refer to the system or mechanism
underlying the maintenance of task-relevant
information during the performance of a cognitive
task. What is the relationship between working
memory and declarative long-term memory? Is
working memory simply an activated portion of
long-term memory?
1.Attention: A car may drive by, but if you do not notice
it, you cannot remember it.
2. Storage: Think of your brain as a computer. You
have active memory (like RAM: which holds
information) and you have long-term memory (like your
hard drive).
3. Retrieval: Imagine a filing cabinet from which you
can get back information that is stored.
Mnemonic Systems are things that you can
use to improve your memory.
They usually include working with
information to increase:
attention,
meaningfulness,
organization,
association, and visualization.
Endeavor to link by some thought relation
each new mental acquisition to an old one.
Bind new facts to other facts by relations of
similarity, cause and effect, whole and part,
or by any logical relation, and we shall find
that when an idea occurs to us, a host of
related ideas will flow into the mind.
If you are looking for ways to preserve and even
enhance your grey matter as you age, there are
many things you can do to improve brain health
and thus your memory and mental performance.
Get motivated
Reduce interference
Be selective
Intend to remember
Stimulates the senses
Releases stress
Improves sleep
Enhances digestion
Maintains strength
All of the above positively impact memory.
The Benefits of Exercise:
Some evidence suggests that exercise is
particularly effective for short-term memory.
20-minute daily walks may improve
memory performance.
The Benefits of Exercise: contd.
1. Distribute learning
2. Overlearn
3. Use daylight
4. Got attitude?
5. Combine memory techniques
6. Avoid short-term memory lapse
7. Review
This ability is of the utmost importance to learning
and memory. You can harness the natural power of
neuroplasticity to improve your memory and
increase your cognitive abilities. Research
suggests you may want to incorporate some of the
following strategies as well
Healthy relationships may be the ultimate memory
booster. Researchers found that people with the
most active social lives had the slowest rate of
memory decline. Relationships stimulate our
brains and the best kind of brain exercise may be
interacting with others
Research shows that sleep is necessary for
memory consolidation, with key memory-
enhancing activity occurring during the
deepest stages of sleep.
Laughter is good for you and engages multiple
regions across the whole brain. As psychologist
Daniel Goleman notes in his book Emotional
Intelligence, laughter seems to help people
think more broadly and associate more freely.
Interestingly, these changes also precede
Alzheimers disease. Dementia Today also reports
that in Alzheimers disease patients, early neuron
loss and changes in synapse function have been
observed in the hippocampus and neo-cortex
the very brain regions involved in language,
memory, and other higher cognitive functions
BRAIN and MEMORY
the hippocampus and neo-
cortex are the very brain
regions involved in
language, memory, and
other higher cognitive
functions.
Storing information properly:
Without rehearsal or use, information is forgotten
The brains information retrieval system:
association, repetition, rehearsal &
mnemonic devices
We see that the cultivation of the memory is
far more than the cultivation and
development of a single mental facultyit is
the cultivation and development of our
entire mental being the development of
our selves.