Metal foams Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of possible application energy areas for Cu, Ni, and Co foams fabricated in this study Anode current collector using Cu or Co foam coated with an active material Dye-sensitized solar cells Li-ion batteries Solid oxide fuel cells Anode current collector using Ni foam after surface modification Counter electrode using Ni foam after nitriding process 20 µm 200 µm 20 µm Cu foam Ni foam Co foam 20 µm Side view Metal foam Fig. 2. SEM images of Cu, Ni, and Co foams fabricated b y freeze-casting and reduction in this study – Freeze-cast metal foams created by novel process (freeze casting and reduction) with elongated, aligned pores – Elongated pores (few ten of microns in width and millimeter s in length) for high permeation of electrolyte – High surface area for fast reaction at electrodes – Pores help buffer lithiation stresses in lithium ion battery – Use as electrode in various energy areas such as Li-ion bat tery, dye-sensitized solar cell, and fuel cells
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Metal foams
Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of possible application energy areas for Cu, Ni, and Co foams fabricated in this study
Anode current collector using Cu or Co foam
coated with an active material
Dye-sensitized solar cells Li-ion batteries Solid oxide fuel cells
Anode current collector using Ni foam
after surface modification
Counter electrode using Ni foam
after nitriding process
20 µm 200 µm
20 µm
Cu foam
Ni foam Co foam
20 µm
Side view
Metal foam
Fig. 2. SEM images of Cu, Ni, and Co foams fabricated by freeze-casting and reduction in this study
– Freeze-cast metal foams created by novel process (freeze casting and reduction) with elongated, aligned pores
– Elongated pores (few ten of microns in width and millimeters in length) for high permeation of electrolyte
– High surface area for fast reaction at electrodes
– Pores help buffer lithiation stresses in lithium ion battery
– Use as electrode in various energy areas such as Li-ion battery, dye-sensitized solar cell, and fuel cells
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